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WO2007018648A2 - Ejecteur de gaz compressible muni d'une interface gaz de charge-gaz moteur non dilate - Google Patents

Ejecteur de gaz compressible muni d'une interface gaz de charge-gaz moteur non dilate Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007018648A2
WO2007018648A2 PCT/US2006/017033 US2006017033W WO2007018648A2 WO 2007018648 A2 WO2007018648 A2 WO 2007018648A2 US 2006017033 W US2006017033 W US 2006017033W WO 2007018648 A2 WO2007018648 A2 WO 2007018648A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motive
gas
funnel
diffuser
ejector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2006/017033
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007018648A3 (fr
Inventor
David William Tice
Thomas H. Mcmahon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Graham Corp
Original Assignee
Graham Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Graham Corp filed Critical Graham Corp
Publication of WO2007018648A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007018648A2/fr
Publication of WO2007018648A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007018648A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
    • F04F5/20—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids for evacuating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46—Arrangements of nozzles
    • F04F5/461—Adjustable nozzles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ejectors, and more particularly to a compressible gas ejector having an unexpanded motive gas exposed to a load gas, wherein the interface of the unexpanded motive gas and the load gas can be located in a suction chamber or a downstream diffuser.
  • Steam jet ejectors are employed in the chemical process industries, refineries as well as power generation plants, stills, vacuum deaerator evaporators, crystallizers, steam vacuum refrigeration, flack coolers, condensers, vacuum pan dryers, dehydrators, vacuum impregnators, freeze dryers and vacuum filters.
  • the ejector provides a vacuum that can be applied, depending upon the design of the ejector, from relatively small loads to significant loads. Ejectors can also be used to evacuate air and/or combustion products in aerodynamic and combustion processes.
  • Ejectors can also be used to provide the vacuum (pressure below atmospheric) for the production of natural fats and oils and derivative oleochemicals.
  • degumming, bleaching, interestification, fractionation, winterization and deodorization are often supported by ejectors.
  • a prior art ejector includes a motive venturi, a suction chamber and a downstream diffuser.
  • the motive venturi includes a converging section, a throat and a diverging section, wherein the suction chamber encompasses (and is thus fluidly exposed to) the open diverging end of the motive venturi.
  • the suction chamber is fluidly exposed to a suction inlet and hence to a load gas and the diffuser.
  • the diffuser is also a venturi and includes a converging section beginning in the suction chamber, a throat and a diverging section.
  • the ejector converts pressure energy, for example, a motive stream, into kinetic energy (velocity).
  • a motive stream for example, a motive stream
  • kinetic energy velocity
  • prior art steam ejectors 1 obtain the desired by velocity by the adiabatic expansion of the motive steam through a convergent and divergent section of the motive venture 3.
  • the velocity of the motive steam continually increases as the motive steam passes along the divergent section of the motive venturi.
  • the motive steam is typically expanded to the pressure of the load gas.
  • the high velocity motive steam then passes into a suction chamber 5.
  • the resulting high velocity, motive steam is then retarded in the suction chambers while the load steam is accelerated in the suction chamber and forms a mixture.
  • the mixture passes through the converging section, the throat and the diverging section of a diffuser 7, wherein the high velocity is converted back into pressure.
  • the mixture can be vented to atmospheric pressure, or additional ejectors can be employed to sufficiently raise the pressure to atmospheric pressure.
  • the present ejector provides a compressible gas ejector with an improved motive gas mass flow to load mass gas flow ratio.
  • the present compressible gas ejector provides for the direct contact of unexpanded motive gas with the load gas.
  • the interface between the unexpanded motive gas and the load gas can be located in the suction chamber or a converging section of the diffuser.
  • the present configuration provides stable mass flow rates, with the unexpanded motive gas directly mixing with the load gas.
  • the compressible gas ejector includes a converging motive funnel, the motive funnel having a converging section being substantially free of a downstream diverging section; a suction chamber fluidly connected to the motive funnel; and a diffuser downstream of the suction chamber, the diffuser including a converging section and a downstream diverging section.
  • a downstream end of the motive funnel is disposed within the converging section of the diffuser.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art steam ejector.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present ejector.
  • Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of a regulator for controlling flow through the motive funnel.
  • Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of an alternative regulator.
  • a motive gas 1 2 is introduced into the ejector to draw a load gas 14 into the ejector so as to form a mixture 16, wherein the mixture exits the ejector 10 at a downstream location.
  • the term "motive gas” 12 is intended to encompass any of a variety of motive flows including steam, vapor or other compressible flows, as well as mixtures thereof.
  • the term "load gas” 14 is intended to encompass any of a variety of load gases such as, but not limited to process by-products, combustion products or other compressible flows, or mixtures thereof.
  • the ejector 10 includes a suction chamber, an upstream motive funnel 20 and a downstream diffuser 60, wherein the motive gas 12 passes through the motive funnel 20 and mixes with the load gas 14 from the suction chamber and is discharged through the diffuser.
  • the upstream motive funnel 20 and the downstream diffuser 60 extend along a longitudinal axis and are generally coaxial.
  • the suction chamber 40 encompasses a portion of the motive funnel 20 and interfaces with the diffuser 60, the suction chamber also includes a dimension extending along the longitudinal axis.
  • a component or portion of the motive funnel 20 or the diffuser 60 can be described in terms of a "length" which is a dimension extending along the longitudinal axis.
  • a width of a component is that dimension transverse to the longitudinal axis.
  • the suction chamber 40 includes a suction inlet 42 fluidly connected to the load gas 14, which is to be drawn into the ejector 10 and passed through the diffuser 60.
  • the converging motive funnel 20 is fluidly connected to a source of the motive gas such as steam from a turbine discharge.
  • the motive funnel 20 includes an entrance port 22 and a downstream exit port 24, wherein the entrance port is larger than the exit port.
  • a converging section 26 extends from the entrance port 22, and in selected configurations, terminates at the exit port 24.
  • the present converging motive funnel 20 does not include a diverging portion, and thus presents unexpanded motive gas 1 2 to the load gas 14.
  • the motive funnel 20 can include a throat 30 downstream of the converging section 26, wherein the throat defines a substantially constant cross-section along the longitudinal axis and terminates at the exit port 24 of the motive funnel.
  • the throat 30 of the motive funnel 20 will have a length that is less than the length of the converging section 26 of the motive funnel.
  • a downstream end of the throat 30 defines the exit port 24, and hence the downstream end of the motive funnel 20.
  • the motive funnel 20 is selected to provide substantially unexpanded motive gas 12 at the exit port 24.
  • the particular convergence within the motive funnel 20 is at least partially determined by the intended operating parameters.
  • the diameter of the entrance port 22 can be between approximately 1 .85 to 2.25 times the diameter of the exit port 24.
  • the inlet diameter of the entrance port 22 of the converging section of the motive funnel 20 can be greater than the length of the motive funnel.
  • Typical angles for the converging section of the motive funnel 20 are between approximately 35° and approximately 80°, with at least one satisfactory angle of approximately 60°.
  • the motive funnel 20, or the downstream end of the throat 30, can include a de minimis diverging taper 32, such as along a wall thickness of the funnel. That is, the exit port 24 can include a diverging flare on the order of less than 5% of the area of the exit port. However, such diverging taper 32 does not allow a material expansion of the motive gas.
  • the motive funnel 20 includes a regulator 34 to effectively reduce the cross sectional area of the exit port 24 without changing pressure of the motive gas.
  • the regulator 34 thus provides for the selective reduction in the amount of motive gas 1 2 passing through the motive funnel 20.
  • the regulator 34 moves relative to the exit port 24 to effectively change the cross sectional area of the exit port.
  • the regulator 34 is selected to substantially maintain the pressure drop along the ejectorl O, thereby maintaining efficiency of the ejector.
  • the regulator 34 includes a generally tapered spike 36 which can be moved along the longitudinal axis towards and away from the exit port 24 of the motive funnel 20.
  • the spike 36 can be curvilinear such as parabolic.
  • the diffuser 60 includes a converging section 62, a throat 64 and a diverging section 68.
  • the converging section 62 includes an inlet 61 and a downstream outlet 63 coincident with the throat 64.
  • the present diffuser converging section 62 has a length that is less than an inlet diameter of the converging section.
  • the inlet diameter of the converging section 62 is on the order of twice the length of the converging section 62.
  • the diameter of the inlet 61 and the length of the converging section 62 are selected to substantially maintain a steady state operation of the ejector 10 at the intended flow rates.
  • the diameter of the inlet 61 of the converging section 62 is at least 1 .5, and can be greater than twice the diameter of the outlet 63 (the throat 64 of the diffuser 60). As the inlet diameter of the converging section 62 increases, the interface area between the load gas 14 and the unexpanded motive gas 1 2 increases, with the downstream end of the motive funnel 20 remaining within the length of the converging section of the diffuser.
  • the diverging section 66 of the diffuser 60 is longer than the converging section 62 of the diffuser, wherein the diverging section can be at least twice the length of the converging section.
  • the exit port 24 of the motive funnel 20 is disposed within the inlet of the converging section 62 of the diffuser 60. That is, as the converging section 62 of the diffuser 60 extends along the longitudinal dimension, the exit port 24 is located within the same length of the longitudinal dimension.
  • the amount of penetration of the motive funnel 20 into the converging section 62 of the diffuser 60 can range from approximately 1 % of the length of the converging section to approximately 50% of the length of the converging section.
  • a flow path of the motive gas 1 2 passes through the motive funnel 20 and the exit port 24, to then enter the converging section 62 of the diffuser 60.
  • Load gas 14 is drawn in through the suction inlet 42 and mixes with the motive gas 1 2 in the converging section 62 of the diffuser 60 to form the entrained mixture 16, wherein the entrained mixture passes through the diffuser 60 and increases pressure.
  • the pressure of the motive gas 12 is less than twice the pressure of the load gas 14.
  • the motive funnel 20 can discharge the motive gas 1 2 into the suction chamber 40, or the converging section 62 of the diffuser 60 at a pressure that is lower than the load gas 14.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un éjecteur de gaz compressible conçu pour amener un gaz moteur non dilaté à un gaz de charge. L'interface entre le gaz moteur non dilaté et le gaz de charge peut être située dans une chambre d'aspiration ou dans un diffuseur d'aval. L'éjecteur comprend un entonnoir moteur qui permet d'accroître la vitesse d'un gaz moteur à relativement haute pression, tout en empêchant sensiblement la dilatation adiabatique du gaz moteur.
PCT/US2006/017033 2005-07-28 2006-05-04 Ejecteur de gaz compressible muni d'une interface gaz de charge-gaz moteur non dilate Ceased WO2007018648A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/191,478 US20070025862A1 (en) 2005-07-28 2005-07-28 Compressible gas ejector with unexpanded motive gas-load gas interface
US11/191,478 2005-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007018648A2 true WO2007018648A2 (fr) 2007-02-15
WO2007018648A3 WO2007018648A3 (fr) 2007-09-27

Family

ID=37694486

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2006/017033 Ceased WO2007018648A2 (fr) 2005-07-28 2006-05-04 Ejecteur de gaz compressible muni d'une interface gaz de charge-gaz moteur non dilate

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20070025862A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007018648A2 (fr)

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TW201405014A (zh) * 2012-07-26 2014-02-01 li-wei Zhuang 空氣流量放大器及其流量放大筒
US9334336B2 (en) 2013-12-20 2016-05-10 Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, Lp Polyolefin reactor system having a gas phase reactor and solids recovery
US10966688B2 (en) * 2014-08-26 2021-04-06 Rational Surgical Solutions, Llc Image registration for CT or MR imagery and ultrasound imagery using mobile device
KR102415437B1 (ko) * 2015-08-28 2022-06-30 데이코 아이피 홀딩스 엘엘시 벤튜리 효과를 이용하는 제한기
US20170241593A1 (en) * 2016-02-23 2017-08-24 Charles Koch Liquid propane injection pump
CN106917780B (zh) * 2017-03-16 2018-01-16 晟源高科(北京)科技有限公司 多级蒸汽喷射式抽真空系统及其调节方法
CN107328446B (zh) * 2017-07-13 2019-10-22 天津大学 一种湿气流量测量装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070025862A1 (en) 2007-02-01
WO2007018648A3 (fr) 2007-09-27

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