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WO2007014551A1 - Dispositif de projection d'image reversible comprenant des elements de diffraction optique - Google Patents

Dispositif de projection d'image reversible comprenant des elements de diffraction optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007014551A1
WO2007014551A1 PCT/DE2006/001339 DE2006001339W WO2007014551A1 WO 2007014551 A1 WO2007014551 A1 WO 2007014551A1 DE 2006001339 W DE2006001339 W DE 2006001339W WO 2007014551 A1 WO2007014551 A1 WO 2007014551A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
mirror
optical elements
light beam
diffractive optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2006/001339
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Babst
Thorsteinn Halldorsson
Andreas Prücklmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Airbus Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations GmbH
EADS Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations GmbH, EADS Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Airbus Operations GmbH
Publication of WO2007014551A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007014551A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/26—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple sub- holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
    • G03H1/30—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple sub- holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique discrete holograms only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
    • G03H1/2249—Holobject properties
    • G03H2001/2263—Multicoloured holobject
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
    • G03H1/2286—Particular reconstruction light ; Beam properties
    • G03H2001/2292—Using scanning means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2210/00—Object characteristics
    • G03H2210/20—2D object

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for switchable image projection with diffractive optical elements according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for switchable image projection with diffractive optical elements according to the preamble of patent claim 17.
  • Switchable image projections can be used, for example, in aircraft passenger cabins to display changing information to the passenger on surfaces or on objects. For example, seat occupancy can be displayed by projection on interior walls or on the seats themselves. Furthermore, for example, current flight information, logos of the airline or even current purchase offers the passengers can be displayed by image projections. In addition, it is also possible to give a different optical design through switchable colored projections or pattern passenger spaces in a flexible manner.
  • changing image projections are used to inform people and for flexible optical design.
  • Diffractive optical elements illuminated by narrow-band light offer the possibility of projection-independent image generation and cheap mass production. They can be used in many applications, especially where defined stationary image patterns, such as characters, logos, pictograms, logos or frames, are to be projected with lasers onto a surface as information, entertainment, warning or advertisement.
  • Another advantage of this type of projection over classical shadow or slide projection is that it uses all incident light, not just part of it is allowed through.
  • the DOE as an imaging element also has the advantage that it requires no complicated dynamic deflection and intensity modulation.
  • DOEs Diffractive optical elements or DOEs, also called synthetic holograms, are known to be used for beam splitting and beam shaping and thus also for pattern and image generation with laser beams.
  • any desired light wave corresponds to a diffractive surface structure or a complex transmission function - with which it can also be produced in a simple manner.
  • the static images which are initially imprinted as diffraction patterns into an optical carrier material and which are projected onto image surfaces by division and deflection of collimated laser beams after passing through a carrier material, are switched over by successively illuminating different diffractive optical elements , This is done by means of turning and feeding devices.
  • lasers are essentially used as the light source because they very well presuppose defined wavefronts, i. good bundling and a narrow spectral width that can be achieved with lasers of sufficient quality.
  • Fraunhof diffraction which describes diffraction patterns at infinity, can be used to split a collimated laser beam into a flock of rays of specific intensity and direction using a DOE. Almost any two-dimensional pattern can be imaged that is sharp regardless of the distance on a projection screen.
  • the diffracted light is imaged in a specific position behind the diffractive structure, ie in the near field, convergent or divergent (Fresnel diffraction).
  • This function of DOEs can then be used to model the function of classical optical elements such as lenses and mirrors in the imaging of monochromatic laser light.
  • DOEs are calculated wave-theoretically in the computer and exposed using microlithography technology of modern electronics as a master. Subsequently, they are transferred and duplicated using a stamping technique, similar to the production of surface holograms, on permeable or reflective surfaces of plastics or glasses.
  • a collimated laser beam whose diameter is typically 1.5 mm falls on a square DOE whose side length is approximately 2 mm and whose structure width is approximately 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the DOE is structured in binary form as a diffraction grating on the surface. Traversing through this structure of the DOE, the laser beam diffracts in the desired manner.
  • the diffraction structure can be designed so that the entire laser power in only one of the low diffraction order, z. B. the + 1-th order of diffraction is concentrated. For elements in which also portions of the -1-th or the O-th diffraction order arise, these disturbance orders can be suppressed by additional suppression in the beam path.
  • DOEs with different images are grouped together on a rectangular, translucent glass or plastic panel side-by-side in rows and columns, where they are sequentially illuminated during image display.
  • This arrangement of the elements in rows and columns is particularly advantageous because they are exposed horizontally and vertically also with a usual for electron lithography feed mode.
  • the cheapest playback is either the translational horizontal and vertical movement of the substrate plate of the DOEs in front of a stationary laser beam, or the translational movement of the laser beam itself along the substrate.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for image projection with DOEs, in which the switching between the DOEs is realized simpler, more compact and less expensive. Furthermore, a corresponding method for switchable image projection with DOEs is to be specified, which is simple and inexpensive to carry out with a compact design.
  • the switchable image projection device comprises diffractive optical elements which generate a pattern for image projection upon impact of a narrowband light beam or laser beam, a light source for generating the narrowband light beam for the image projection, and a device for moving the light beam via the diffractive optical elements to produce successively different patterns, the means for moving the light beam comprising a lens and a pivotable mirror disposed in the focus of the lens, and wherein the lens is disposed between the pivotable mirror and the diffractive mirror is arranged optical elements.
  • the invention exploits the property of a condenser lens that all sub-beams of an incident, parallel to the lens axis and collimated beam in the focus of the lens, i. at the focal point on the lens axis. After reflecting on a mirror - whose plane contains the focal point - the rays are thrown back to the lens and leave the lens in the opposite direction than a parallel and collimated beam with the incoming rays (cat's eye reflection principle).
  • This principle is used according to the invention to perform a translatory movement over an extended substrate area of an array of DOEs, thereby achieving a simpler, more compact and less expensive switchable image projection.
  • the pivotable mirror is designed as a biaxial micro-electro-mechanical mirror scanner and fixed, for example, in a two-axis gimbal.
  • the mirror preferably has an electrostatic, magnetic or piezoelectric drive.
  • the axes of rotation of the mirror are aligned in alignment with the arrangement of the DOEs in rows and columns.
  • the axes of rotation of the mirror are preferably aligned substantially orthogonal to each other.
  • the orthogonal axes intersect, for example, in a point in space and can, for example, be moved by an angle of up to +/- 15 °
  • the mirror scanner can be operated in two different ways, either resonantly, ie with a fixed deflection frequency as so-called “digital micromirror”, or analogously as a so-called “analog micromirror” for deflection to defined, fixed scan angles in a switching time of a few milliseconds.
  • the second mode that is, the switching to many different discrete positions, is particularly suitable.
  • the diffractive optical elements are arranged in a planar array.
  • the planar arrangement of diffractive optical elements is arranged parallel to the lens on the side of the lens opposite the mirror.
  • the lens may in particular be designed as a holographic lens. However, it is also possible to use a conventional refractive optical lens.
  • the lens and the mirror are arranged in the beam path of the laser beam, for example, such that the laser beam is reflected back onto the lens after passing through the lens and permeates again, in order subsequently to depend on the mirror position on one of the diffractive optical elements located behind the lens hold true.
  • the lens and the mirror are in particular arranged in the beam path of the laser beam, that the incoming laser beam penetrates the lens parallel to the lens axis and after reflection on the pivoting mirror and re-lens passage, the lens parallel to the incoming laser beam leaves to then in response to the mirror position on a meet behind the lens located diffractive optical elements.
  • a deflection mirror is provided, which is arranged on the lens axis, in order to align the incident laser beam in such a way that it lies on the Lens axis through the center of the lens meets the pivoting mirror.
  • the light source comprises, for example, means for generating RGB laser beams, which are guided together through the lens onto the pivotable mirror. This results in a colored image projection.
  • the device for moving the laser beam may, for example, also comprise a plurality of holographic lenses, which are preferably arranged as stacks, each holographic lens serving to image an RGB wavelength and transmitting remaining RGB wavelengths largely without interference.
  • the method according to the invention serves for switchable image projection with diffractive optical elements, which generate a pattern for image projection upon impact of a narrow-band light beam or laser beam by diffraction, respectively, and comprises the steps:
  • Fig. 1 shows an apparatus for switchable image projection according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a DOE array
  • Fig. 3 shows a reversible image projection apparatus according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention with a holographic lens
  • Fig. 4 shows a switchable image projection apparatus according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention for projecting multicolor images
  • Fig. 5 shows an apparatus for switchable image projection according to a fourth preferred embodiment of the invention with a stack of holographic lenses.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 10 for switchable image projection as a first variant of the construction of a DOE projector with only one monochromatic laser 11 as the light source and with a lens 12 for focusing the laser beam 13 generated by the laser 11 onto a pivotable micromirror 14.
  • the micromirror 14 is designed as a MEMS scanner.
  • Micromirror 14 mirrors the incident, collimated laser beam 13, which is focused on the optical axis of the lens 12 at its focal point to the double angle of incidence back.
  • the mirroring back is done in such a way that the back-mirrored laser beam 15 after passing through the lens 12 has the same diameter as the incident laser beam 13 before passing through the lens 12 and with the optical axis of the lens 12 is exactly parallel but in the opposite direction.
  • DOEs diffractive optical elements 16
  • a plurality of diffractive optical elements 16 are arranged as a planar array on a substrate 17 such that the reflected laser beam 15 strikes the DOE surface after passing through the lens 12.
  • the arrangement comprising the lens 12 and the mirror or micromirror 14 forms a device 50 for moving the light beam or laser beam 13, 15 via the diffractive optical elements 16.
  • each angular coordinate ( ⁇ i. ⁇ j ) is a spatial coordinate (Xj 1 Vj).
  • Xj 1 Vj corresponds to the substrate 17.
  • the incident beam in the diffraction structure is split and deflected in the desired manner.
  • the individual DOEs 16 of the array are illuminated one behind the other discretely in any order.
  • the images stored in them are called in succession or projected onto a surface not shown in the figure.
  • the switchable image projection apparatus 10 further comprises an arrangement of deflecting mirrors 18a, 18b which guide the narrowband light beam generated by the laser 1 1 to the lens 12 so as to be incident on the lens axis or parallel to the lens axis, the lens 12 penetrates.
  • the deflection mirror 18b is fixed to a window 19 at a position lying on the lens axis. Through the window 19, the diffracted by the DOEs 16 light beams leave the projector or the device 10th
  • the mirror 14 is driven in order to effect the pivoting movements and thereby the switching between the DOEs.
  • the control of the mirror 14 takes place in such a way that the image of each DOE in the projection is set into a randomized or randomly controlled movement in two axes.
  • the rashes of this movement are in the order of magnitude of the roughness of the surface, which is typically in the range of 10 .mu.m to 100 .mu.m.
  • they are well below the pixel size of the image of the DOE and the resolution limit of the eye on the projection screen, i. typically well below the order of 1000 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of the array of DOEs 16, which are arranged on the substrate 17 in rows and columns. It is shown schematically how the beam 13 coming from the laser 11 penetrates the substrate 17 from its front side at an opening 4 in the center is then reflected at the pivotable mirror 14 located behind the DOE array or substrate 17, and then penetrates the substrate 17 from the rear side at the DOE 16a defined by the mirror position, the beam being diffracted by the DOE 16a and selected pattern for image projection generated.
  • DOE-projected laser images are sharp at any distance. They increase with increasing distance due to the angular spread of the deflected rays, but still take on the same angle of view in the eye of a fixed observer. With an oblique projection on smooth surfaces and with projection on curved surfaces, the resulting image distortion can be taken into account by a predistortion of the image during the production of the DOEs.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further variant of the structure with a monochromatic light source 11 or laser source.
  • a holographic lens 22 is provided as a DOE for beam focusing or beam shaping.
  • the holographic lens 22 is fabricated with a volume phase hologram as a transmission structure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further variant of the construction with three monochromatic RGB lasers 11 for the projection of multicolor images with three DOEs 16r, 16g, 16b of different structure size for three RGB wavelengths for canceling the different diffraction angle as a function of the wavelength, and for the projection of multicolored pictures. Since the projection takes place due to light diffraction, an image remains exactly the same geometrically when using different laser wavelengths, but it increases in size - since the diffraction angle is wavelength-dependent - at a fixed projection distance, to or from. With a simultaneous three-color laser illumination, red, green and blue (RGB), therefore, a DOE produces exactly the same images with the scaling of the different wavelengths of different sizes.
  • RGB red, green and blue
  • three DOEs 16r, 16g, 16b for a pattern are in close proximity, but corresponding to the different wavelengths, each having a different feature size, applied as arrays on the common carrier 17.
  • the rays overlap to form a uniform image of equal size for all wavelengths in the projection.
  • Fig. 5 shows a variant of the structure of Fig. 4, wherein the common lens is replaced by a stack 52 of three holographic lenses 22, and each of the individual lenses 22 as volume phase holograms contributes to the imaging only for one of the three RGB wavelengths and lets others through without interference.
  • the beam path between DOE and micromirrors can be shortened with a conventional convolution with deflecting mirrors, and chromatically corrected lenses can be used for the imaging of multicolor laser beams.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de projection d'image réversible (10) comprenant: des éléments de diffraction optique (16,16a) qui, lorsqu'ils sont frappés par un faisceau lumineux à bande étroite (13), produisent par diffraction respectivement un motif de projection d'image; une source de lumière (11) qui sert à produire le faisceau lumineux à bande étroite (13) pour la projection d'image; et un dispositif (50) qui sert à mettre en mouvement le faisceau lumineux sur les éléments de diffraction optique (16, 16a), afin de produire des motifs successifs différents. Le dispositif (50) pour mettre en mouvement le faisceau lumineux (13) comprend une lentille (12) et un miroir pivotant (14) disposé dans le foyer de la lentille (12), la lentille (12) étant disposée entre le miroir pivotant (14) et les éléments de diffraction optique (16, 16a).
PCT/DE2006/001339 2005-08-04 2006-08-01 Dispositif de projection d'image reversible comprenant des elements de diffraction optique Ceased WO2007014551A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005037435.2 2005-08-04
DE102005037435.2A DE102005037435B4 (de) 2005-08-04 2005-08-04 Vorrichtung zur umschaltbaren Bildprojektion mit diffraktiven optischen Elementen und Verfahren zur umschaltbaren Bildprojektion

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007014551A1 true WO2007014551A1 (fr) 2007-02-08

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PCT/DE2006/001339 Ceased WO2007014551A1 (fr) 2005-08-04 2006-08-01 Dispositif de projection d'image reversible comprenant des elements de diffraction optique

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DE (1) DE102005037435B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007014551A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8300293B2 (en) 2007-01-25 2012-10-30 Ralf Violonchi Micro-optical beam-forming array for projecting images of a divergent isotropic cloud of light points, primarily for the entertainment sector
DE102013220448A1 (de) * 2013-10-10 2015-04-16 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Beleuchtungsanordnung mit Laser als Lichtquelle
FR3069332A1 (fr) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-25 Institut Mines-Telecom - Imt Atlantique Dispositif d’illumination diffractif a angle de diffraction augmente

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017213734A1 (de) * 2017-08-08 2019-02-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Strahlung mit einer vorgegebenen räumlichen Strahlungsverteilung
DE102018104198B4 (de) 2018-02-23 2021-04-22 Jabil Optics Germany GmbH Projektormodul, mobiles Gerät und Verwendung eines Projektormoduls

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997023801A1 (fr) * 1995-12-22 1997-07-03 Jacqueline Martin Dispositif pour former une image a l'aide d'un element d'optique diffractive et procede en faisant application
US20010013960A1 (en) * 1999-06-16 2001-08-16 Popovich Milan M. Three dimensional projection systems based on switchable holographic optics
WO2003010570A1 (fr) * 2001-07-20 2003-02-06 Gutjahr Joerg Systeme de projection
WO2004099852A1 (fr) * 2003-05-06 2004-11-18 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Dispositif de projection permettant de creer simultanement et a l'aide d'un ecran holographique plusieurs trames holographiques espacees les unes des autres et representant une seule et meme image

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US6653593B2 (en) * 1999-10-08 2003-11-25 Nanovia, Lp Control system for ablating high-density array of vias or indentation in surface of object
DE20120528U1 (de) * 2001-12-19 2002-03-07 Z-Laser Optoelektronik GmbH, 79098 Freiburg Markiervorrichtung
US6975788B2 (en) * 2002-12-09 2005-12-13 Lucent Technologies, Inc. Optical switch having combined input/output fiber array
DE20310056U1 (de) * 2003-06-30 2003-09-11 Z-Laser Optoelektronik GmbH, 79098 Freiburg Vorrichtung zur optischen Markierung eines Fluchtweges
US20050157359A1 (en) * 2003-12-18 2005-07-21 Intrepid World Communication Corporation Color holographic optical element

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997023801A1 (fr) * 1995-12-22 1997-07-03 Jacqueline Martin Dispositif pour former une image a l'aide d'un element d'optique diffractive et procede en faisant application
US20010013960A1 (en) * 1999-06-16 2001-08-16 Popovich Milan M. Three dimensional projection systems based on switchable holographic optics
WO2003010570A1 (fr) * 2001-07-20 2003-02-06 Gutjahr Joerg Systeme de projection
WO2004099852A1 (fr) * 2003-05-06 2004-11-18 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Dispositif de projection permettant de creer simultanement et a l'aide d'un ecran holographique plusieurs trames holographiques espacees les unes des autres et representant une seule et meme image

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8300293B2 (en) 2007-01-25 2012-10-30 Ralf Violonchi Micro-optical beam-forming array for projecting images of a divergent isotropic cloud of light points, primarily for the entertainment sector
DE102013220448A1 (de) * 2013-10-10 2015-04-16 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Beleuchtungsanordnung mit Laser als Lichtquelle
DE102013220448B4 (de) 2013-10-10 2022-03-17 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Beleuchtungsanordnung mit Laser als Lichtquelle
FR3069332A1 (fr) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-25 Institut Mines-Telecom - Imt Atlantique Dispositif d’illumination diffractif a angle de diffraction augmente
WO2019020577A1 (fr) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-31 Institut Mines-Telecom - Imt Atlantique Dispositif d'illumination diffractif a angle de diffraction augmente

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005037435A1 (de) 2007-02-08
DE102005037435B4 (de) 2016-09-29

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