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WO2007009611A1 - Method and device for cooling and/or liquefying a fluid - Google Patents

Method and device for cooling and/or liquefying a fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007009611A1
WO2007009611A1 PCT/EP2006/006637 EP2006006637W WO2007009611A1 WO 2007009611 A1 WO2007009611 A1 WO 2007009611A1 EP 2006006637 W EP2006006637 W EP 2006006637W WO 2007009611 A1 WO2007009611 A1 WO 2007009611A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
refrigerant
exchanger system
cycle compressor
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2006/006637
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Hecht
Dieter Mihailowitsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to DE112006001815T priority Critical patent/DE112006001815A5/en
Publication of WO2007009611A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007009611A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to NO20080851A priority patent/NO20080851L/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0298—Safety aspects and control of the refrigerant compression system, e.g. anti-surge control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/24—Storage receiver heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/06—Damage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/026—Compressor control by controlling unloaders
    • F25B2600/0261—Compressor control by controlling unloaders external to the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
    • F25J2280/20—Control for stopping, deriming or defrosting after an emergency shut-down of the installation or for back up system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Refrigeration circuits for cooling or liquefying a fluid are used in many fields of technology.
  • a refrigerant a pure substance or a refrigerant mixture can be used.
  • heat is removed from the fluid by indirect heat exchange with the refrigerant.
  • a concrete application example of such refrigeration cycles is natural gas liquefaction.
  • the "heat exchanger system” may be formed by one or more pressure vessels.
  • the one or more pressure vessels may in turn comprise one or more heat exchanger blocks or bundles.
  • the heat exchanger system is formed by a single plate heat exchanger block; the other extreme would be a complicated system on a variety of different types of heat exchangers, such as a combination of plate heat exchangers and wound heat exchangers.
  • the invention has for its object to make the operation of the method described above more stable. This object is achieved in a first variant of the invention in that the refrigerant flow downstream of the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system and upstream of the compression in the cycle compressor is passed through a heat accumulator which is arranged in the refrigerant return line.
  • heat storage is here understood any device that serves to transfer heat (or cold) from a first stream to a second stream, with the first and second streams flowing at different times through the heat storage.
  • Heat storage are often referred to as regenerators and are described, for example, in the VDI-Wärmeatlas, 6th edition 1991, section “heat transfer in regenerators” or in Helmuth Hausen, heat transfer in countercurrent, direct current and cross-flow, 1976, page 259 et seq.
  • Such a heat accumulator may for example be constructed of straight tubes through which the respective current flows, wherein the metal of the tube wall is the heat storage mass.
  • Bypass line also flows into the low pressure part of the circuit, in particular in the heat exchanger system. This effect has received little attention so far.
  • the heat storage of the invention is withdrawn in stationary operation as long as heat until the heat storage mass is the same temperature as the has flowing fluid, which, as already mentioned brings the process itself no advantage.
  • the bypass line to the inlet of the cycle compressor is opened during a malfunction of the compressor, the very hot gas does not flow directly into the heat exchanger system, but gives off some of its heat to the heat storage.
  • the resulting temperature reduction significantly reduces the temperature stresses in the heat exchanger system. Disturbances of the stationary process due to excessive stress on the heat exchanger system can thus be effectively counteracted; the process is more stable in the long term.
  • the closable bypass line which is opened in case of a malfunction of the cycle compressor and is passed through the refrigerant from the outlet of the cycle compressor to its inlet, opens between the heat storage and inlet of the cycle compressor in the refrigerant return line.
  • the heat accumulator is arranged in the bypass line.
  • the heat storage is not or not completely flowed through by the refrigerant flow. This has the advantage that no additional pressure loss occurs during steady-state operation. Although the heat storage can therefore not be cooled to the low temperature, but has approximately ambient temperature. In many cases, however, this is sufficient to ensure effective protection of the heat exchanger system from elevated temperature stresses.
  • the heat exchanger system comprises at least one plate heat exchanger, in particular a brazed aluminum plate heat exchanger, and / or at least one wound heat exchanger, and at least a portion of the refrigerant flow is passed through the plate heat exchanger or through the wound heat exchanger.
  • the fluid that is cooled and / or liquefied may be formed by a hydrocarbonaceous stream, such as natural gas or another refrigerant, which in turn is used for natural gas liquefaction in another heat exchanger system.
  • a hydrocarbonaceous stream such as natural gas or another refrigerant
  • Particularly favorable is the application of the invention in natural gas liquefaction, that is, when the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system, natural gas is at least partially liquefied.
  • refrigeration cycles have one or more separators (phase separator) between the outlet of the refrigerant passages from the heat exchanger system and the inlet of the cycle compressor.
  • phase separator phase separator
  • the invention also relates to a device for cooling and / or liquefying a fluid according to the claims 10 to 13 and an application according to claim 14.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the first variant of the invention. Natural gas 1 through a heat exchanger system 2 and is cooled there by indirect heat exchange and liquefied. Liquefied natural gas is withdrawn via line 3 from the heat exchanger system.
  • a refrigerant flow 4 occurs in the heat exchanger system 2 in indirect heat exchange with the natural gas and is passed via a refrigerant return line 5a, 5b to a cycle compressor 6.
  • the compressed refrigerant is in a Refrigerant liquefier 7 is cooled and liquefied, expanded in a throttle valve 8 and finally fed via line 4 back to the heat exchanger system.
  • a heat accumulator 9 is arranged in the refrigerant return line 5a, 5b.
  • a bypass line 10 is closed during stationary operation by means of a bypass valve 11.
  • the bypass valve 11 is opened and hot refrigerant from the outlet of the cycle compressor 6 is introduced into the portion 5b of the refrigerant return line, ie between
  • One or more separators may also be located between the heat accumulator 9 and the cycle compressor 6 (not shown in the drawing), which may be arranged both upstream and downstream of the junction of the bypass line 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the second variant of the invention.
  • the heat storage 9 'in the bypass line 10.
  • This has the advantage that no additional pressure loss occurs during operation.
  • the disadvantage is that the heat accumulator 9 is not flowed through in stationary operation and thus has approximately the ambient temperature. In some cases, however, this may be sufficient.
  • the disadvantage can be mitigated by an additional, small connecting line 12, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the line 12 is arranged between the valve 11 and inlet of the cycle compressor 6, that even in steady state operation, a small partial flow of the refrigerant flows through the heat accumulator 9 'and thus this cools. When opening the valve 11, most of the backflow flows through the heat accumulator 9 and is cooled.
  • the heat accumulator 9 of FIG. 1 could also be a separator, in which, for example, fins are incorporated to improve the separation effect. These fins can also serve as a heat storage in a backflow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The method and device according to the invention serve to cool and/or liquefy a fluid. The fluid (1) is placed in indirect heat-exchanging contact with at least one refrigerant flow (4) in a heat exchanger system (2). The refrigerant flow is guided in a refrigerant circuit. In the circuit, said refrigerant flow is guided via a refrigerant recirculation line (5a, 5b), which is arranged downstream of the indirect exchange of heat in the heat exchanger (2), to the inlet of a circuit compressor (6), is compressed in the circuit compressor (6), and is at least partially cooled (7), is expanded (8) and is re-introduced into the heat exchanger system (2). Downstream of the indirect exchange of heat in the heat exchanger system (2), and upstream of the compression in the circuit compressor (6), the refrigerant flow is guided through a heat accumulator (9) which is arranged in the refrigerant recirculation line (5a, 5b).

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen und/oder Verflüssigen eines Fluids Method and device for cooling and / or liquefying a fluid

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Kältekreisläufe zum Abkühlen oder Verflüssigen eines Fluids werden in vielen Gebieten der Technik eingesetzt. Als Kältemittel kann ein Reinstoff oder ein Kältemittelgemisch eingesetzt werden. In dem Wärmetauschersystem wird dem Fluid durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit dem Kältemittel Wärme entzogen.Refrigeration circuits for cooling or liquefying a fluid are used in many fields of technology. As a refrigerant, a pure substance or a refrigerant mixture can be used. In the heat exchanger system, heat is removed from the fluid by indirect heat exchange with the refrigerant.

Ein konkretes Anwendungsbeispiel derartiger Kältekreisläufe ist die Erdgasverflüssigung.A concrete application example of such refrigeration cycles is natural gas liquefaction.

Das "Wärmetauschersystem" kann durch einen oder mehrere Druckbehälter gebildet werden. Der oder die Druckbehälter können wiederum einen oder mehrere Wärmetauscherblöcke beziehungsweise -bündel aufweisen. Im einfachsten Fall wird das Wärmetauschersystem durch einen einzigen Plattenwärmetauscherblock gebildet; das andere Extrem wäre ein kompliziertes System auf einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Wärmetauschertypen, beispielsweise eine Kombination aus Plattenwärmetauschern und gewickelten Wärmetauschern.The "heat exchanger system" may be formed by one or more pressure vessels. The one or more pressure vessels may in turn comprise one or more heat exchanger blocks or bundles. In the simplest case, the heat exchanger system is formed by a single plate heat exchanger block; the other extreme would be a complicated system on a variety of different types of heat exchangers, such as a combination of plate heat exchangers and wound heat exchangers.

Bei einer plötzlichen Betriebsstörung des Kreislaufverdichters (compressor trip), beispielsweise aufgrund eines Stromausfalls, besteht die Gefahr mechanischer Schäden in der Maschine. Durch den großen Druckunterschied innerhalb der Maschine könnten beispielsweise die Leitschaufeln verbogen werden. Aus diesem Grund wird im Störungsfall sehr schnell heißes Kältemittel über eine Bypassleitung vom Austritt zum Eintritt des Verdichters geleitet, um einen frühzeitigen Druckausgleich zu erreichen. Hierdurch kann der Kreislaufverdichter wirksam vor mechanischen Schäden geschützt werden.In the event of a sudden breakdown of the compressor (compressor trip) due to a power failure, for example, there is a risk of mechanical damage to the machine. For example, the large pressure differential within the machine could bend the vanes. For this reason, in the event of a malfunction, hot refrigerant is quickly led via a bypass line from the outlet to the inlet of the compressor in order to achieve an early pressure equalization. As a result, the cycle compressor can be effectively protected against mechanical damage.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Betrieb des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens stabiler zu gestalten. Diese Aufgabe wird in einer ersten Variante der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass der Kältemittelstrom stromabwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs in dem Wärmetauschersystems und stromaufwärts des Verdichtens im Kreislaufverdichter durch einen Wärmespeicher geführt wird, der in der Kältemittelrückleitung angeordnet ist.The invention has for its object to make the operation of the method described above more stable. This object is achieved in a first variant of the invention in that the refrigerant flow downstream of the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system and upstream of the compression in the cycle compressor is passed through a heat accumulator which is arranged in the refrigerant return line.

Unter "Wärmespeicher" wird hier jede Vorrichtung verstanden, die zur Übertragung von Wärme (beziehungsweise Kälte) von einem ersten Strom auf einen zweiten Strom dient, wobei der erste und der zweite Strom zu verschiedenen Zeiten durch den Wärmespeicher fließen. Wärmespeicher werden häufig auch als Regeneratoren bezeichnet und sind zum Beispiel im VDI-Wärmeatlas, 6. Auflage 1991 , Abschnitt "Wärmeübertragung in Regeneratoren" oder in Helmuth Hausen, Wärmeübertragung in Gegenstrom, Gleichstrom und Kreuzstrom, 1976, Seite 259 ff. beschreiben. Ein solcher Wärmespeicher kann beispielsweise aus geraden Röhren aufgebaut sein, durch die der jeweilige Strom fließt, wobei das Metall der Rohrwand die Wärmespeichermasse darstellt.By "heat storage" is here understood any device that serves to transfer heat (or cold) from a first stream to a second stream, with the first and second streams flowing at different times through the heat storage. Heat storage are often referred to as regenerators and are described, for example, in the VDI-Wärmeatlas, 6th edition 1991, section "heat transfer in regenerators" or in Helmuth Hausen, heat transfer in countercurrent, direct current and cross-flow, 1976, page 259 et seq. Such a heat accumulator may for example be constructed of straight tubes through which the respective current flows, wherein the metal of the tube wall is the heat storage mass.

Einen Wärmespeicher stromabwärts der gewünschten Wärmeübertragung in dem Wärmetauschersystem anzuordnen, erscheint auf den ersten Blick nutzlos. Tatsächlich ergibt sich daraus für den stationären Prozess keine Verbesserung. Im Gegenteil, der Wärmespeicher erzeugt Druckverlust und erhöht damit tendenziell den Energieverbrauch.Placing a heat store downstream of the desired heat transfer in the heat exchanger system appears useless at first glance. In fact, there is no improvement for the stationary process. On the contrary, the heat accumulator generates pressure loss and thus tends to increase energy consumption.

Allerdings hat sich im Rahmen der Erfindung herausgestellt, dass im Falle einer Betriebsstörung des Kreislaufverdichters das heiße Gas nach der Öffnung derHowever, it has been found in the context of the invention that in the event of a malfunction of the cycle compressor, the hot gas after the opening of the

Bypassleitung auch in den Niederdruckteil des Kreislaufs einströmt, insbesondere in das Wärmetauschersystem. Diesem Effekt wurde bisher wenig Beachtung geschenkt.Bypass line also flows into the low pressure part of the circuit, in particular in the heat exchanger system. This effect has received little attention so far.

Bei der genaueren Untersuchung dieses Zusammenhangs wurde entdeckt, dass dieses Einströmen heißen Gases in das Wärmetauschersystem zu großen Temperaturspannungen führt. Derartige Belastungen können die Lebensdauer vonCloser examination of this relationship has revealed that this hot gas flow into the heat exchanger system results in high temperature stresses. Such loads can shorten the life of

Wärmetauschern verringern und auf längere Sicht zu Störungen des stationärenReduce heat exchangers and in the longer term disturbances of the stationary

Prozesses führen.Lead process.

Dem Wärmespeicher der Erfindung wird im stationären Betrieb solange Wärme entzogen, bis die Wärmespeichermasse die gleiche Temperatur wie das durchströmende Fluid besitzt, was wie bereits erwähnt dem Prozess selbst keinen Vorteil bringt. Wird allerdings bei einer Betriebsstörung des Verdichters die Bypassleitung zum Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters geöffnet, strömt das sehr heiße Gas nicht unmittelbar in das Wärmetauschersystem ein, sondern gibt einen Teil seiner Wärme an den Wärmespeicher ab. Die dadurch bewirkte Temperaturverminderung vermindert die Temperaturspannungen im Wärmetauschersystem erheblich. Störungen des stationären Prozesses durch übermäßige Belastung des Wärmetauschersystems kann damit wirksam begegnet werden; das Verfahren ist auf lange Sicht stabiler zu betreiben.The heat storage of the invention is withdrawn in stationary operation as long as heat until the heat storage mass is the same temperature as the has flowing fluid, which, as already mentioned brings the process itself no advantage. However, if the bypass line to the inlet of the cycle compressor is opened during a malfunction of the compressor, the very hot gas does not flow directly into the heat exchanger system, but gives off some of its heat to the heat storage. The resulting temperature reduction significantly reduces the temperature stresses in the heat exchanger system. Disturbances of the stationary process due to excessive stress on the heat exchanger system can thus be effectively counteracted; the process is more stable in the long term.

Vorzugsweise mündet die absperrbare Bypassleitung, die bei einer Betriebsstörung des Kreislaufverdichters geöffnet wird und über die Kältemittel vom Austritt des Kreislaufverdichters zu dessen Eintritt geleitet wird, zwischen Wärmespeicher und Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters in die Kältemittelrückleitung.Preferably, the closable bypass line, which is opened in case of a malfunction of the cycle compressor and is passed through the refrigerant from the outlet of the cycle compressor to its inlet, opens between the heat storage and inlet of the cycle compressor in the refrigerant return line.

In einer zweiten Variante der Erfindung ist der Wärmespeicher in der Bypassleitung angeordnet. In diesem Fall wird der Wärmespeicher nicht oder nicht vollständig vom Kältemittelstrom durchströmt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass während des stationären Betriebs kein zusätzlicher Druckverlust auftritt. Zwar kann der Wärmespeicher deshalb auch nicht auf die niedrige Temperatur abgekühlt werden, sondern besitzt ungefähr Umgebungstemperatur. In vielen Fällen reicht dies jedoch aus, um einen wirksamen Schutz des Wärmetauschersystems vor erhöhten Temperaturspannungen zu gewährleisten.In a second variant of the invention, the heat accumulator is arranged in the bypass line. In this case, the heat storage is not or not completely flowed through by the refrigerant flow. This has the advantage that no additional pressure loss occurs during steady-state operation. Although the heat storage can therefore not be cooled to the low temperature, but has approximately ambient temperature. In many cases, however, this is sufficient to ensure effective protection of the heat exchanger system from elevated temperature stresses.

Grundsätzlich ist auch eine Kombination der beiden Varianten der Erfindung möglich; in diesem Fall werden zwei Wärmespeicher eingesetzt.In principle, a combination of the two variants of the invention is possible; in this case, two heat accumulators are used.

Es ist günstig, wenn in dem Kreislauf latente Wärme übertragen, also Kältemittel bei dem indirekten Wärmeaustausch in dem Wärmetauschersystem mindestens teilweise verdampft wird. Stromabwärts des Verdichtens im Kreislaufverdichter wird der Kältemittelstrom mindestens teilweise verflüssigt.It is advantageous if latent heat is transferred in the circuit, that is to say that refrigerant is at least partially evaporated in the indirect exchange of heat in the heat exchanger system. Downstream of the compression in the cycle compressor, the refrigerant flow is at least partially liquefied.

Vorzugsweise weist das Wärmetauschersystem mindestens einen Plattenwärmetauscher, insbesondere einen gelöteten Aluminium- Plattenwärmetauscher, und/oder mindestens einen gewickelten Wärmetauscher auf, und mindestens ein Teil des Kältemittelstroms wird durch den Plattenwärmetauscher beziehungsweise durch den gewickelten Wärmetauscher geleitet.Preferably, the heat exchanger system comprises at least one plate heat exchanger, in particular a brazed aluminum plate heat exchanger, and / or at least one wound heat exchanger, and at least a portion of the refrigerant flow is passed through the plate heat exchanger or through the wound heat exchanger.

Das Fluid, das abgekühlt und/oder verflüssigt wird, kann durch einen kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen Strom gebildet werden, beispielsweise Erdgas oder ein weiteres Kältemittel, das seinerseits zur Erdgasverflüssigung in einem weiteren Wärmetauschersystem eingesetzt wird. Besonders günstig ist die Anwendung der Erfindung bei der Erdgasverflüssigung, wenn also bei dem indirekten Wärmeaustausch in dem Wärmetauschersystem Erdgas mindestens teilweise verflüssigt wird.The fluid that is cooled and / or liquefied may be formed by a hydrocarbonaceous stream, such as natural gas or another refrigerant, which in turn is used for natural gas liquefaction in another heat exchanger system. Particularly favorable is the application of the invention in natural gas liquefaction, that is, when the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system, natural gas is at least partially liquefied.

Häufig weisen Kältekreisläufe einen oder mehrere Abscheider (Phasentrenner) zwischen dem Austritt der Kältemittelpassagen aus dem Wärmetauschersystem und dem Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters auf. In diesem Fall kann es günstig sein, Phasentrenn- und Wärmespeicherfunktion zu integrieren, indem der Wärmespeicher (9) als Abscheider ausgebildet ist und Mittel zur Tröpfchenabscheidung (zum Beispiel Lamellen) aufweist, die als Wärmespeichermasse genutzt werden.Frequently, refrigeration cycles have one or more separators (phase separator) between the outlet of the refrigerant passages from the heat exchanger system and the inlet of the cycle compressor. In this case, it may be beneficial to integrate phase separation and heat storage function by the heat accumulator (9) is designed as a separator and means for droplet deposition (for example, slats), which are used as a heat storage mass.

Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem eine Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen und/oder Verflüssigen eines Fluids gemäß den Patentansprüchen 10 bis 13 sowie eine Anwendung gemäß Patentanspruch 14.The invention also relates to a device for cooling and / or liquefying a fluid according to the claims 10 to 13 and an application according to claim 14.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand dreier in den Zeichnungen grob schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Einander entsprechende Bauteile und Verfahrensschritte tragen in den unterschiedlichen Zeichnungen dieselben Bezugszeichen.The invention and further details of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to three exemplary embodiments shown roughly in the drawings. Corresponding components and method steps carry the same reference numerals in the different drawings.

In Figur 1 ist ein Beispiel für die erste Variante der Erfindung dargestellt. Erdgas 1 durch ein Wärmetauschersystem 2 und wird dort durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch abgekühlt und verflüssigt. Verflüssigtes Erdgas wird über Leitung 3 aus dem Wärmetauschersystem abgezogen.FIG. 1 shows an example of the first variant of the invention. Natural gas 1 through a heat exchanger system 2 and is cooled there by indirect heat exchange and liquefied. Liquefied natural gas is withdrawn via line 3 from the heat exchanger system.

Ein Kältemittelstrom 4 tritt in dem Wärmetauschersystem 2 in indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit dem Erdgas und wird über eine Kältemittelrückleitung 5a, 5b zu einem Kreislaufverdichter 6 geleitet. Das verdichtete Kältemittel wird in einem Kältemittelverflüssiger 7 abgekühlt und verflüssigt, in einem Drosselventil 8 entspannt und schließlich über Leitung 4 wieder dem Wärmetauschersystem zugeleitet.A refrigerant flow 4 occurs in the heat exchanger system 2 in indirect heat exchange with the natural gas and is passed via a refrigerant return line 5a, 5b to a cycle compressor 6. The compressed refrigerant is in a Refrigerant liquefier 7 is cooled and liquefied, expanded in a throttle valve 8 and finally fed via line 4 back to the heat exchanger system.

Erfindungsgemäß ist ein Wärmespeicher 9 in der Kältemittelrückleitung 5a, 5b angeordnet.According to the invention, a heat accumulator 9 is arranged in the refrigerant return line 5a, 5b.

Eine Bypassleitung 10 ist während des stationären Betriebs mittels eines Bypassventils 11 verschlossen. Im Falle einer Betriebsstörung des Kreislaufverdichters 6 wird das Bypassventil 11 geöffnet und heißes Kältemittel vom Austritt des Kreislaufverdichters 6 wird in den Abschnitt 5b der Kältemittelrückleitung eingeleitet, also zwischenA bypass line 10 is closed during stationary operation by means of a bypass valve 11. In the event of a malfunction of the cycle compressor 6, the bypass valve 11 is opened and hot refrigerant from the outlet of the cycle compressor 6 is introduced into the portion 5b of the refrigerant return line, ie between

Wärmespeicher 9 und Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters 6. Strömt dabei ein Teil des heißen Gases über Abschnitt 5a der Kältemittelrückleitung zurück zum Wärmetauschersystem 2 (backflow), so muss dieses zunächst durch den Wärmespeicher 9 fließen und wird durch diesen abgekühlt. Durch die Pufferung von Kälte in dem Wärmespeicher 9 erreicht das Wärmetauschersystem 2 also lediglich eine abgemilderte Temperaturfront. Die Temperaturspannungen im Wärmetauschersystem sind relativ gering. Die Stabilität des Gesamtprozesses wird durch einen zuverlässigen Betrieb des Wärmetauschersystems erhöht.Heat storage 9 and inlet of the cycle compressor 6. While flows through a portion of the hot gas on section 5a of the refrigerant return line back to the heat exchanger system 2 (backflow), it must first flow through the heat accumulator 9 and is cooled by this. Due to the buffering of cold in the heat accumulator 9, the heat exchanger system 2 thus only reaches a tempered temperature front. The temperature stresses in the heat exchanger system are relatively low. The stability of the overall process is enhanced by reliable operation of the heat exchanger system.

Zwischen dem Wärmespeicher 9 und dem Kreislaufverdichter 6 können sich auch noch ein oder mehrere Abscheider befinden (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt. Diese können sowohl stromaufwärts als auch stromabwärts der Einmündung der Bypassleitung 10 angeordnet sein.One or more separators may also be located between the heat accumulator 9 and the cycle compressor 6 (not shown in the drawing), which may be arranged both upstream and downstream of the junction of the bypass line 10.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Ausführung der zweiten Variante der Erfindung. Hier befindet sich der Wärmespeicher 9' in der Bypassleitung 10. Das hat den Vorteil, dass im laufenden Betrieb kein zusätzlicher Druckverlust auftritt. Der Nachteil ist jedoch, dass der Wärmespeicher 9 im stationären Betrieb nicht durchströmt wird und somit ungefähr die Umgebungstemperatur besitzt. In manchen Fällen kann dies jedoch ausreichen.FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the second variant of the invention. Here is the heat storage 9 'in the bypass line 10. This has the advantage that no additional pressure loss occurs during operation. The disadvantage, however, is that the heat accumulator 9 is not flowed through in stationary operation and thus has approximately the ambient temperature. In some cases, however, this may be sufficient.

Der Nachteil kann durch eine zusätzliche, kleine Verbindungsleitung 12, wie sie in Figur 3 dargestellt ist, abgemildert werden. Die Leitung 12 ist so zwischen Ventil 11 und Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters 6 angeordnet, dass auch im stationären Betrieb ein kleiner Teilstrom des Kältemittels durch den Wärmespeicher 9' strömt und diesen somit kühlt. Beim Öffnen des Ventils 11 strömt der größte Teil des Backflows durch den Wärmespeicher 9 und wird abgekühlt.The disadvantage can be mitigated by an additional, small connecting line 12, as shown in Figure 3. The line 12 is arranged between the valve 11 and inlet of the cycle compressor 6, that even in steady state operation, a small partial flow of the refrigerant flows through the heat accumulator 9 'and thus this cools. When opening the valve 11, most of the backflow flows through the heat accumulator 9 and is cooled.

In einer Variante könnte der Wärmespeicher 9 der Figur 1 auch ein Abscheider sein, in dem zum Beispiel Lamellen zur Verbesserung der Abscheidewirkung eingebaut sind. Diese Lamellen können bei einem Backflow ebenfalls als Wärmespeicher dienen. In a variant, the heat accumulator 9 of FIG. 1 could also be a separator, in which, for example, fins are incorporated to improve the separation effect. These fins can also serve as a heat storage in a backflow.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Verfahren zum Abkühlen und/oder Verflüssigen eines Fluids, bei dem das Fluid (1) in einem Wärmetauschersystem (2) in indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit mindestens einem Kältemittelstrom (4) gebracht wird und der Kältemittelstrom in einem Kältekreislauf geführt und dabei über eine Kältemittelrückleitung (5a,1. A method for cooling and / or liquefying a fluid in which the fluid (1) in a heat exchanger system (2) is brought into indirect heat exchange with at least one refrigerant flow (4) and the refrigerant flow is conducted in a refrigeration cycle and thereby via a refrigerant return line ( 5a, 5b), die stromabwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs in dem Wärmetauschersystem (2) angeordnet ist, zum Eintritt eines Kreislaufverdichters (6) geleitet, in dem Kreislaufverdichter (6) verdichtet, und mindestens zum Teil abgekühlt (7), entspannt (8) und wieder in das Wärmetauschersystem (2) eingeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der5b), which is located downstream of the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system (2), to the inlet of a cycle compressor (6), compressed in the cycle compressor (6), and at least partially cooled (7), relaxed (8) and back in the heat exchanger system (2) is introduced, characterized in that the Kältemittelstrom stromabwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs in dem Wärmetauschersystem (2) und stromaufwärts des Verdichtens im Kreislaufverdichter (6) durch einen Wärmespeicher (9) geführt wird, der in der Kältemittelrückleitung (5a, 5b) angeordnet ist.Refrigerant flow downstream of the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system (2) and upstream of the compression in the cycle compressor (6) through a heat accumulator (9) is arranged in the refrigerant return line (5a, 5b). 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Betriebsstörung des Kreislaufverdichters (6) eine absperrbare Bypassleitung (10, 11) geöffnet wird, über die Kältemittel vom Austritt des Kreislaufverdichters (6) zu dessen Eintritt geleitet wird, wobei die Bypassleitung (10) zwischen Wärmespeicher (9) und Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters in die2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in a malfunction of the cycle compressor (6) a closable bypass line (10, 11) is opened, is passed through the refrigerant from the outlet of the cycle compressor (6) to its entry, wherein the bypass line ( 10) between heat storage (9) and entry of the cycle compressor in the Kältemittelrückleitung (5b) mündet.Refrigerant return line (5b) opens. 3. Verfahren zum Abkühlen und/oder Verflüssigen eines Fluids, bei dem das Fluid (1) in einem Wärmetauschersystem (2) in indirekten Wärmeaustausch mit mindestens einem Kältemittelstrom (4) gebracht wird und der Kältemittelstrom in einem Kältekreislauf geführt und dabei über eine Kältemittelrückleitung (5a, 5b), die stromabwärts des indirekten Wärmeaustauschs in dem Wärmetauschersystem (2) angeordnet ist, zum Eintritt eines Kreislaufverdichters (6) geleitet, in dem Kreislaufverdichter (6) verdichtet, und mindestens zum Teil abgekühlt (7), entspannt (8) und wieder in das3. A method for cooling and / or liquefying a fluid in which the fluid (1) in a heat exchanger system (2) is brought into indirect heat exchange with at least one refrigerant flow (4) and the refrigerant flow is conducted in a refrigeration cycle and thereby via a refrigerant return line ( 5a, 5b), which is arranged downstream of the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system (2), to the inlet of a cycle compressor (6), in the cycle compressor (6) compressed, and at least partially cooled (7), relaxed (8) and again in the Wärmetauschersystem (2) eingeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Betriebsstörung des Kreislaufverdichters (6) eine absperrbare Bypassleitung (10, 11) geöffnet wird, über die Kältemittel vom Austritt des Kreislaufverdichters (6) zu dessen Eintritt geleitet wird, wobei die Bypassleitung (10) zwischen Wärmetauschersystem (2) und Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters in die Kältemittelrückleitung (5b) mündet und durch einen Wärmespeicher (91) führt.Heat exchanger system (2) is introduced, characterized in that in a malfunction of the cycle compressor (6) a closable bypass line (10, 11) is opened, is passed through the refrigerant from the outlet of the cycle compressor (6) to its entry, wherein the bypass line (10) between the heat exchanger system (2) and inlet of the cycle compressor in the refrigerant return line (5b) opens and through a heat accumulator (9 1 ) leads. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Kältemittel bei dem indirekten Wärmeaustausch in dem Wärmetauschersystem (2) mindestens teilweise verdampft wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that refrigerant in the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system (2) is at least partially evaporated. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kältemittel stromabwärts des Verdichtens im Kreislaufverdichter (6) mindestens teilweise verflüssigt (7) wird.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the refrigerant downstream of the compression in the cycle compressor (6) is at least partially liquefied (7). 6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wärmetauschersystem (2) mindestens einen Plattenwärmetauscher und/oder mindestens einen gewickelten Wärmetauscher aufweist und mindestens ein Teil des Kältemittelstroms (4) durch den Plattenwärmetauscher beziehungsweise durch den gewickelten Wärmetauscher geleitet wird.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heat exchanger system (2) has at least one plate heat exchanger and / or at least one wound heat exchanger and at least a portion of the refrigerant flow (4) is passed through the plate heat exchanger or through the wound heat exchanger , 7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fluid (1) durch einen kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen Strom gebildet wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fluid (1) is formed by a hydrocarbon-containing stream. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fluid (1) durch Erdgas gebildet wird und das Erdgas bei dem indirekten Wärmeaustausch in dem Wärmetauschersystem (2) mindestens teilweise verflüssigt wird.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the fluid (1) is formed by natural gas and the natural gas in the indirect heat exchange in the heat exchanger system (2) is at least partially liquefied. 9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmespeicher (9) als Abscheider ausgebildet ist und Mittel zur Tröpfchenabscheidung aufweist, die als Wärmespeichermasse genutzt werden.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the heat accumulator (9) is designed as a separator and has means for droplet deposition, which are used as a heat storage mass. 10. Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen und/oder Verflüssigen eines Fluids, mit einem10. Apparatus for cooling and / or liquefying a fluid, with a Kältekreislauf, derRefrigeration circuit, the - einen Kreislaufverdichter (6) zum Verdichten eines Kältemittelstroms- A cycle compressor (6) for compressing a refrigerant flow - Mittel (7) zum Abkühlen des verdichteten Kältemittelstroms- means (7) for cooling the compressed refrigerant flow - Mittel (8) zum Entspannen des abgekühlten Kältemittelstroms, - ein Wärmetauschersystem (2) für den indirekten Wärmeaustausch zwischen dem entspannten Kältemittelstrom (4) und dem Fluid (1) und- means (8) for releasing the cooled refrigerant flow, - A heat exchanger system (2) for the indirect heat exchange between the expanded refrigerant flow (4) and the fluid (1) and - eine Kältemittelrückleitung (5a, 5b) zum Überführen von Kältemittel aus dem Wärmetauschersystem (2) zum Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters (6) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Kältemittelrückleitung (5a, 5b) ein- a refrigerant return line (5a, 5b) for transferring refrigerant from the heat exchanger system (2) to the inlet of the cycle compressor (6), characterized in that in the refrigerant return line (5a, 5b) a Wärmespeicher (9) angeordnet ist.Heat storage (9) is arranged. 11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, gekennzeichnet durch eine absperrbare Bypassleitung (10, 11), deren Eintritt in Strömungsverbindung mit dem Austritt des Kreislaufverdichters steht und deren Austritt zwischen Wärmespeicher (9) und Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters in die Kältemittelrückleitung (5b) mündet.11. The device according to claim 10, characterized by a closable bypass line (10, 11), the inlet is in flow communication with the outlet of the cycle compressor and whose outlet between the heat accumulator (9) and inlet of the cycle compressor in the refrigerant return line (5b) opens. 12. Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen und/oder Verflüssigen eines Fluids, mit einem Kältekreislauf, der - einen Kreislaufverdichter (6) zum Verdichten eines Kältemittelstroms12. A device for cooling and / or liquefying a fluid, comprising a refrigeration cycle, the - a cycle compressor (6) for compressing a refrigerant flow - Mittel (7) zum Abkühlen des verdichteten Kältemittelstroms- means (7) for cooling the compressed refrigerant flow - Mittel (8) zum Entspannen des abgekühlten Kältemittelstroms,- means (8) for releasing the cooled refrigerant flow, - ein Wärmetauschersystem (2) für den indirekten Wärmeaustausch zwischen dem entspannten Kältemittelstrom (4) und dem Fluid (1) und - eine Kältemittelrückleitung (5a, 5b) zum Überführen von Kältemittel aus dema heat exchanger system (2) for the indirect heat exchange between the expanded refrigerant flow (4) and the fluid (1) and a refrigerant return line (5a, 5b) for transferring refrigerant from the Wärmetauschersystem (2) zum Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters (6) aufweist, gekennzeichnet durch eine absperrbare Bypassleitung (10, 11), deren Eintritt in Strömungsverbindung mit dem Austritt des Kreislaufverdichters steht, deren Austritt zwischen Wärmetauschersystem (2) und Eintritt des Kreislaufverdichters in die Kältemittelrückleitung (5b) mündet und die durch einenHeat exchanger system (2) for the inlet of the cycle compressor (6), characterized by a shut-off bypass line (10, 11), the inlet is in flow communication with the outlet of the cycle compressor whose exit between the heat exchanger system (2) and entry of the cycle compressor in the refrigerant return line ( 5b) opens and by a Wärmespeicher (91) führt.Heat storage (9 1 ) leads. 13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmespeicher (9) gleichzeitig als Abscheider ausgebildet ist und Mittel zur Tröpfchenabscheidung aufweist.13. Device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the heat accumulator (9) is simultaneously formed as a separator and has means for droplet separation. 14. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 und/oder der Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13 zur Erdgasverflüssigung, wobei in dem Wärmetauschersystem (2) eine Erdgasstrom (1) und/oder ein zweiter Kältemittelstrom, der zur Verflüssigung von Erdgas in einem weiteren Wärmetauschersystem dient, abgekühlt und/oder verflüssigt wird. 14. Application of the method according to one of claims 1 to 9 and / or the device according to one of claims 10 to 13 for natural gas liquefaction, wherein in the heat exchanger system (2) a natural gas stream (1) and / or a second Refrigerant flow, which is used for the liquefaction of natural gas in another heat exchanger system, is cooled and / or liquefied.
PCT/EP2006/006637 2005-07-19 2006-07-06 Method and device for cooling and/or liquefying a fluid Ceased WO2007009611A1 (en)

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