WO2007090437A1 - Systeme de securite, procede de protection et element ainsi protege - Google Patents
Systeme de securite, procede de protection et element ainsi protege Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007090437A1 WO2007090437A1 PCT/EP2006/007890 EP2006007890W WO2007090437A1 WO 2007090437 A1 WO2007090437 A1 WO 2007090437A1 EP 2006007890 W EP2006007890 W EP 2006007890W WO 2007090437 A1 WO2007090437 A1 WO 2007090437A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- product
- information
- security system
- identified
- inclusions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/08—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means
- G06K19/083—Constructional details
- G06K19/086—Constructional details with markings consisting of randomly placed or oriented elements, the randomness of the elements being useable for generating a unique identifying signature of the record carrier, e.g. randomly placed magnetic fibers or magnetic particles in the body of a credit card
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/02—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine
- G06K19/025—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine the material being flexible or adapted for folding, e.g. paper or paper-like materials used in luggage labels, identification tags, forms or identification documents carrying RFIDs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/80—Recognising image objects characterised by unique random patterns
-
- B42D2035/44—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a security system, a security method and a thus secured element and uses thereof.
- security systems are required to authenticate objects, animals or persons as well as services and thus to ensure that, for example, the thus secured objects are original goods or the service is used in an authorized manner.
- Items are understood to mean any kind of physical object and service is understood as any kind of service, including, but not limited to, services related to copyrighted works.
- Such product codes can be applied as a barcode or also by means of RFID technology on the product or its packaging.
- offline methods in which all product information is stored, for example, in the RFID chip tag
- online methods in which product information is stored in an associated database on a registration server or the like.
- RFID technology distinguishes between active tags that constantly send information and passive tags that use the power of RFID readers or writers to send their information. In both cases, information is stored in the RFID tag, which can also refer to databases where the information is also stored or stored
- the information content in the tags may i.A. also deleted, changed or supplemented.
- the use of a stored database should be referred to as an online procedure and without a stored database as an offline procedure.
- Decisive in the present invention is that a by-product is provided to an element which is designed as a three-dimensional body and has an internal structure which was produced by means of a random principle.
- Such by-products can be produced, for example, by performing a phase transition from liquid to solid, thereby embedding inclusions in the matrix material randomly.
- Such an by-product which may for example be a cube of 1 cm edge length, is, for example, when embedding inclusions with a length of 1/10 mm with a sufficient number of
- Each of these by-products is assigned to only one element to be identified.
- elements objects, animals or persons can be called.
- a service as an element to the by-product. This can be, for example, the attendance of a major event, for example a football match or a concert. In this case it is sufficient to issue the by-product as an entry ticket for access control.
- the internal structure of the by-products or related information is stored on a registration server. If the element, for example an object or the authorization to participate in an event, is to be verified, the internal structure of the by-product is detected and compared with the information stored in the registration server. If suitable information is available for the by-product, the authentication is completed positively. Otherwise, the entry is denied or the user is informed that the product is not authentic.
- the determination of the internal structure of the by-product or of the information associated with it can take place, for example, by taking photographs of the by-product from two different directions and transmitting them, for example with a mobile telephone, to the registration server.
- the latter can determine therefrom the three-dimensional position of the inclusions and thus also match the associated information stored in it.
- special devices that scan the by-product and directly determine the information associated with it.
- the inclusions may differ in their location. However, it is also possible to further increase the number of random combinations in the production of the by-product, for example, by incorporating inclusions of different types, different shapes, different sizes or different colors or the like into the by-product.
- the by-product must be made of a material that allows a three-dimensional analysis for this method.
- the matrix material of the by-product must be optically transparent in the visible range.
- X-ray analysis methods or other methods UV radiation, ultrasound and the like
- Suitable inclusions are, in particular, foreign bodies, gas inclusions or air inclusions (gas bubbles, air bubbles). Further details about the matrix materials to be used, the alignment marks and the inclusions can be found in the dependent claims.
- further information is arranged on the by-product or associated with it, such as product attributes.
- product attributes for example, information about the manufacturer, the product, the date of manufacture and the like can be applied.
- an Internet address or a telephone number can be specified under which the by-product and the element connected to it can be authenticated or verified.
- the registration server can also store additional element attributes, such as a numeric element ID that uniquely identifies each element. This item ID can also be recorded on the item or on or on the by-product. It is thus possible to compare the information about the internal structure of the by-product, for example photos or 3D images or other analysis results, directly with information stored in the registration server, which are stored for the element ID.
- the element ID which may be in the form of a digital code, for example, in encrypted or unencrypted form, thus enables immediate and rapid access to the database entry belonging to an element in the registration server.
- further product identification attributes or numerical element identifications can then be stored, in encrypted or unencrypted form, the may continue to be applied to the element itself or the by-product recognizable.
- This may be, for example, the type of product, the place of manufacture, the date of manufacture, the production batch, indications, instructions for use, warnings, expiration dates, leaflet information or the like, or references to such entries in the same or another database.
- the combination of element to be protected, non-copyable by-product and possibly unique, digital code thus represents a total of a non-duplicable unique, since even the by-product is unique and not copied and possibly. even the digital code is unique and not copyable.
- FIG. 1 shows a by-product according to the invention.
- a two-component resin was used as a curable composition.
- This mixture was then cured in a mold.
- the distribution of particles 1-2 gave a random structure after curing.
- the shape was designed in such a way that cuboids of 5x10x20 mm could be cut out of the hardened synthetic resin plate.
- the cuboids then served as by-products, which in turn have a random arrangement of the particles 1-2.
- the size of the modules depends on the particular application. With the size of the modules, the number of possible arrangements of the particles increases accordingly, so that it is possible to arbitrarily reduce the probability of producing an identical module.
- Each of these cuboids can be virtually divided (mentally) into 1000 cubes, each with 1 mm edge length.
- Particles were embedded, for example, spherical with a diameter of 1 mm, so that only needs to be checked in which of the 1000 cube-shaped elements of the cuboid, a spherical particle is embedded.
- each particle is assigned to the cube in which the largest part of the volume of the particle lies.
- 1000 results over 3 166,167,000 different distribution patterns for the three particles in the 1,000 cube-shaped areas of the by-product.
- Each product to be protected is now assigned such a module as by-product, together with a digital code as an identifier.
- This code 1-3 can also be applied to the cuboid, for example, printed or etched or stored in an associated RFID tag. It serves to quickly determine the associated data record in the database of a registration server.
- a three-dimensional image was created once from each by-product and stored as original image together with other product attributes for later verification digitally in a data record in a database of the registration server.
- the cuboid further has pass marks 1-4, which are also stored in the three-dimensional image.
- At least two images of the by-product are generated, for example by means of a mobile phone, from different angles and transmitted to the registration server.
- the position of the registration marks 1.4 is determined therefrom. Based on this information, the exact position of the particles 1-2 can now be determined from the two images and compared with the three-dimensional image information stored in the database or positions of the particles 1.2 derived therefrom (for example shape-based matching).
- the identifier can also be dispensed with if the corresponding identity of the registration server is known and the associated data record can be determined by comparing the images. With large databases, however, this can lead to considerable performance losses, so that it is advantageous to use a corresponding identifier.
- the by-product hereinafter also referred to as the product authentication attribute or PAA for short, is associated with a product to be protected, e.g. as a pendant to a perfume bottle.
- the PAA does not necessarily have to be linked to the product.
- the 3D image corresponding to the PAA was stored as digital information in a data record of a database assigned to the product.
- Product, PAA and record ID form one unit that must be fully present for verification, otherwise a check can not be made.
- the record ID is integrated in the PAA in this example (for example, a printed bar code or as an RFID tag).
- the 3D structure of the PAA with data record ID and alignment mark are now recorded and made available online to a corresponding application.
- detection and transmission e.g. a mobile, online-enabled RFID or barcode scanner incl. imager (standard device).
- the application software in the registration server finds the data record by means of data record ID (for example from RFID tag or barcode), performs the comparison of the image structures of comparative image with original and transmits further product attributes to the inspector. If the image comparison was positive and the examiner determines the correspondence between product and product attributes, then the product being tested is clearly an original.
- data record ID for example from RFID tag or barcode
- the PAA with built-in record ID is used as a cover for a vessel.
- the vessel contains a drug to be protected against counterfeiting.
- the test process is carried out as described in Example 1.
- a PAA is used to verify the identity of a person, e.g. used for access control.
- a stationary device according to the prior art is provided for the verification that realizes the function of a digital camera for 3D recordings and has a receiving slot for the PAA.
- the device has an online connection to a database containing all valid original images.
- the data record ID can be dispensed with since only an image comparison of PAA and database is required.
- the checking process can also be carried out in principle off-line, if the database or a part of the database before the start of the checking process, e.g. stored in a mobile tester.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Storage Device Security (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne un système de sécurité pour l'authentification d'objets, d'animaux, de prestations et/ou de personnes en tant qu'éléments à identifier parmi un groupe prédéfini d'objets, d'animaux, de prestations et/ou de personnes, comportant à chaque fois au moins un sous-produit associé à chaque élément à identifier, définissant explicitement l'élément à identifier associé et consistant en un corps tridimensionnel doté d'une structure interne tridimensionnelle constituée au moyen d'un principe aléatoire, la structure définissant explicitement l'élément à identifier associé, un serveur d'enregistrement muni d'une base de données qui contient pour chacun des éléments à identifier une information liée avec le sous-produit associé et pouvant être déterminée à partir du sous-produit, ainsi qu'un dispositif de communication pour la communication de tiers avec le serveur d'enregistrement.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006005927.1 | 2006-02-06 | ||
| DE102006005927A DE102006005927A1 (de) | 2006-02-06 | 2006-02-06 | Kopierschutz in Verbindung mit Schutz gegen Produktfälschungen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007090437A1 true WO2007090437A1 (fr) | 2007-08-16 |
Family
ID=37395975
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2006/007890 Ceased WO2007090437A1 (fr) | 2006-02-06 | 2006-08-09 | Systeme de securite, procede de protection et element ainsi protege |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102006005927A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007090437A1 (fr) |
Cited By (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010054671A1 (fr) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Nivatex Limited | Support de données à microcontours et son procédé de fabrication |
| EP2236311A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | Gemalto SA | Document d'identification sécurisée et son procédé de fabrication |
| WO2012177845A3 (fr) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-09-26 | Covectra, Inc. | Systèmes et procédés de suivi et d'authentification de produits |
| DE102012208138A1 (de) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Überprüfen eines Bauteils in einer Industrieanlage mittels eines mobilen Bediengeräts |
| US9152862B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2015-10-06 | Raf Technology, Inc. | Object identification and inventory management |
| US9350552B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2016-05-24 | Authentect, Inc. | Document fingerprinting |
| US9443298B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2016-09-13 | Authentect, Inc. | Digital fingerprinting object authentication and anti-counterfeiting system |
| US9818249B1 (en) | 2002-09-04 | 2017-11-14 | Copilot Ventures Fund Iii Llc | Authentication method and system |
| US10037537B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2018-07-31 | Alitheon, Inc. | Personal history in track and trace system |
| LU100852B1 (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2020-01-09 | Nicholas Bahrich | Irreproducable plate identifier for object authentication and provenance and manufacturing method thereof |
| US10614302B2 (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2020-04-07 | Alitheon, Inc. | Controlled authentication of physical objects |
| US10740767B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 | 2020-08-11 | Alitheon, Inc. | Centralized databases storing digital fingerprints of objects for collaborative authentication |
| US10839528B2 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2020-11-17 | Alitheon, Inc. | Authentication-based tracking |
| US10867301B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2020-12-15 | Alitheon, Inc. | Authentication-triggered processes |
| US10902540B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2021-01-26 | Alitheon, Inc. | Event-driven authentication of physical objects |
| US10915612B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2021-02-09 | Alitheon, Inc. | Authenticated production |
| US10963670B2 (en) | 2019-02-06 | 2021-03-30 | Alitheon, Inc. | Object change detection and measurement using digital fingerprints |
| US11062118B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2021-07-13 | Alitheon, Inc. | Model-based digital fingerprinting |
| US11087013B2 (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2021-08-10 | Alitheon, Inc. | Secure digital fingerprint key object database |
| US11238146B2 (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2022-02-01 | Alitheon, Inc. | Securing composite objects using digital fingerprints |
| US11250286B2 (en) | 2019-05-02 | 2022-02-15 | Alitheon, Inc. | Automated authentication region localization and capture |
| US11295126B1 (en) | 2021-06-24 | 2022-04-05 | Covectra, Inc. | Methods for authenticating goods using randomly distributed flecks and serialization codes |
| US11321964B2 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2022-05-03 | Alitheon, Inc. | Loop chain digital fingerprint method and system |
| US11341348B2 (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2022-05-24 | Alitheon, Inc. | Hand biometrics system and method using digital fingerprints |
| US11568683B2 (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2023-01-31 | Alitheon, Inc. | Facial biometrics system and method using digital fingerprints |
| US11663849B1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2023-05-30 | Alitheon, Inc. | Transform pyramiding for fingerprint matching system and method |
| US11700123B2 (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2023-07-11 | Alitheon, Inc. | Asset-backed digital security tokens |
| US11915503B2 (en) | 2020-01-28 | 2024-02-27 | Alitheon, Inc. | Depth-based digital fingerprinting |
| US11948377B2 (en) | 2020-04-06 | 2024-04-02 | Alitheon, Inc. | Local encoding of intrinsic authentication data |
| US11983957B2 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2024-05-14 | Alitheon, Inc. | Irreversible digital fingerprints for preserving object security |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2068268A1 (fr) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-10 | F. Hoffman-la Roche AG | Codage de récipients pharmaceutiques par des structures aléatoires |
| DE102009043597A1 (de) | 2009-09-25 | 2011-04-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines markierten Gegenstandes |
| EP2869240A3 (fr) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-06-03 | RAF Technology, Inc. | Authentification numérique d'objet prise d'empreintes et de système de lutte contre la contrefaçon |
| DE102015217973A1 (de) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kopierschutz-Verfahren für ein 3D-Druckobjekt sowie ein entsprechender 3D-Drucker |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0570162A2 (fr) * | 1992-05-11 | 1993-11-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Authentification d'un document d'enregistrement à l'aide de sa structure granulaire microscopique et méthode correspondante |
| GB2304077A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-03-12 | Andrew John Farrall | Security device comprising reflective particles |
| GB2324065A (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-14 | James Howard Slater | An identification code for banknotes or credit cards comprising a pattern of random beads |
| WO2002050790A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-06-27 | Alphafox Systems Limited | Systemes de securite, d'identification et de verification |
| EP1477940A2 (fr) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-17 | Hewlett-Packard Magyarorszag Szamitastechn. es Elektr. Berendezéseket Forgalmazo és Szolgaltato Korlatolt Felelösségü Tarsasag | Procédé d'authentification et son système |
| WO2005080088A1 (fr) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-01 | Tullis Russel Papermakers Limited | Appareil et procede d'identification d'un objet presentant des elements d'identification repartis de maniere aleatoire |
-
2006
- 2006-02-06 DE DE102006005927A patent/DE102006005927A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-08-09 WO PCT/EP2006/007890 patent/WO2007090437A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0570162A2 (fr) * | 1992-05-11 | 1993-11-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Authentification d'un document d'enregistrement à l'aide de sa structure granulaire microscopique et méthode correspondante |
| GB2304077A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-03-12 | Andrew John Farrall | Security device comprising reflective particles |
| GB2324065A (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-14 | James Howard Slater | An identification code for banknotes or credit cards comprising a pattern of random beads |
| WO2002050790A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-06-27 | Alphafox Systems Limited | Systemes de securite, d'identification et de verification |
| EP1477940A2 (fr) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-17 | Hewlett-Packard Magyarorszag Szamitastechn. es Elektr. Berendezéseket Forgalmazo és Szolgaltato Korlatolt Felelösségü Tarsasag | Procédé d'authentification et son système |
| WO2005080088A1 (fr) * | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-01 | Tullis Russel Papermakers Limited | Appareil et procede d'identification d'un objet presentant des elements d'identification repartis de maniere aleatoire |
Cited By (66)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9818249B1 (en) | 2002-09-04 | 2017-11-14 | Copilot Ventures Fund Iii Llc | Authentication method and system |
| WO2010054671A1 (fr) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Nivatex Limited | Support de données à microcontours et son procédé de fabrication |
| EP2236311A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | Gemalto SA | Document d'identification sécurisée et son procédé de fabrication |
| WO2010115788A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-14 | Gemalto Sa | Document d'identification sécurisée et procédé servant à le produire |
| US10915749B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2021-02-09 | Alitheon, Inc. | Authentication of a suspect object using extracted native features |
| US10043073B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2018-08-07 | Alitheon, Inc. | Document authentication using extracted digital fingerprints |
| US11423641B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2022-08-23 | Alitheon, Inc. | Database for detecting counterfeit items using digital fingerprint records |
| US9350552B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2016-05-24 | Authentect, Inc. | Document fingerprinting |
| US10872265B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2020-12-22 | Alitheon, Inc. | Database for detecting counterfeit items using digital fingerprint records |
| US9582714B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2017-02-28 | Alitheon, Inc. | Digital fingerprinting track and trace system |
| WO2012177845A3 (fr) * | 2011-06-23 | 2013-09-26 | Covectra, Inc. | Systèmes et procédés de suivi et d'authentification de produits |
| US8908920B2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2014-12-09 | Covectra, Inc. | Systems and methods for tracking and authenticating goods |
| US9646206B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2017-05-09 | Alitheon, Inc. | Object identification and inventory management |
| US9152862B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2015-10-06 | Raf Technology, Inc. | Object identification and inventory management |
| US9443298B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2016-09-13 | Authentect, Inc. | Digital fingerprinting object authentication and anti-counterfeiting system |
| US10192140B2 (en) | 2012-03-02 | 2019-01-29 | Alitheon, Inc. | Database for detecting counterfeit items using digital fingerprint records |
| DE102012208138A1 (de) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Überprüfen eines Bauteils in einer Industrieanlage mittels eines mobilen Bediengeräts |
| US11100517B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2021-08-24 | Alitheon, Inc. | Preserving authentication under item change |
| US10346852B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2019-07-09 | Alitheon, Inc. | Preserving authentication under item change |
| US11593815B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2023-02-28 | Alitheon Inc. | Preserving authentication under item change |
| US10621594B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2020-04-14 | Alitheon, Inc. | Multi-level authentication |
| US11301872B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2022-04-12 | Alitheon, Inc. | Personal history in track and trace system |
| US11682026B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2023-06-20 | Alitheon, Inc. | Personal history in track and trace system |
| US10861026B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2020-12-08 | Alitheon, Inc. | Personal history in track and trace system |
| US10037537B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2018-07-31 | Alitheon, Inc. | Personal history in track and trace system |
| US10540664B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2020-01-21 | Alitheon, Inc. | Preserving a level of confidence of authenticity of an object |
| US11068909B1 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2021-07-20 | Alitheon, Inc. | Multi-level authentication |
| US10572883B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2020-02-25 | Alitheon, Inc. | Preserving a level of confidence of authenticity of an object |
| US12400237B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2025-08-26 | Alitheon, Inc. | Personal history in track and trace system |
| US12299688B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2025-05-13 | Alitheon, Inc. | Authentication-triggered processes |
| US10867301B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2020-12-15 | Alitheon, Inc. | Authentication-triggered processes |
| US11830003B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2023-11-28 | Alitheon, Inc. | Authentication-triggered processes |
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| DE102006005927A1 (de) | 2007-08-09 |
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