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WO2007086777A1 - Réseau passif à fibres optiques - Google Patents

Réseau passif à fibres optiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007086777A1
WO2007086777A1 PCT/RU2006/000710 RU2006000710W WO2007086777A1 WO 2007086777 A1 WO2007086777 A1 WO 2007086777A1 RU 2006000710 W RU2006000710 W RU 2006000710W WO 2007086777 A1 WO2007086777 A1 WO 2007086777A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmitter
loop
subscriber
receiver
network
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2006/000710
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Alexander Gennadievich Popov
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Individual
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Publication of WO2007086777A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007086777A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/275—Ring-type networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of telecommunications, to passive optical networks with a loop architecture. It can be used in broadcast telecommunication networks, as well as in local data exchange networks.
  • passive optical networks are understood to mean networks in which the transmission of an optical signal between a central node and a plurality of subscriber nodes is carried out by passive static components, without amplification, regeneration / relay, etc. active components, regardless of the architecture (or topology) of the network: bus (linear), loop or tree-like.
  • a typical passive optical network with a tree architecture contains a central node, a plurality of subscriber nodes and a transmission channel including a trunk optical fiber, a 1xN splitter (star type) and N optical fiber taps from a star.
  • the transmitter and receiver of the central node are optically coupled to the trunk fiber through a bi-directional spectral multiplexer / splitter (WDM multiplexer).
  • WDM multiplexer bi-directional spectral multiplexer / splitter
  • the transmitter and receiver of the subscriber unit are optically coupled through a WDM multiplexer of the subscriber unit to one of the taps of the “star”.
  • Transmission from the central node to the subscriber nodes is carried out at the same wavelength (downstream). Transmission from all subscriber nodes to the central node is carried out at a different wavelength (upstream).
  • the downstream is broadcast and organized by the method of temporary compression / separation of signals intended for different subscriber nodes. Upstream is organized according to the network protocol
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) access with temporary compression / separation of signals from different subscriber nodes, when each subscriber node is allocated a certain time interval for transmission. Separation of oncoming streams is carried out in network nodes by WDM-multiplexers.
  • a network with a tree architecture has an advantage over other networks in saving optical fiber [2, p. 479].
  • this network is less expensive than fiber networks with a unidirectional optical loop.
  • the radius r of the loop we take the average length of the branch from the splitter I xN to the subscriber unit, the perimeter of the loop will be 2 ⁇ g, and the total length of the branches N ⁇ r.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) this limitation can be circumvented by endowing the subscriber nodes with the function of repeaters and using dynamic couplers with a controlled branch coefficient in the loop, i.e. actually including active components in the transmission line.
  • Known passive fiber optic network containing a unidirectional fiber optic loop and N directional couplers located at different points of the loop.
  • the network contains a central node and a plurality of subscriber nodes.
  • the transmitter of the central node is optically connected to the beginning of the fiber optic loop, and the receiver to its end.
  • the transmitter and receiver of each subscriber unit are optically coupled to the fiber optic loop through an appropriate directional coupler.
  • the network implements the transmission of information in two streams: from the central node to the subscriber nodes and from the subscriber nodes to the central node in one direction in the loop.
  • This technical solution is taken as a prototype.
  • the Pi / P 2 ratio in inequality (4) is known as the network budget or the energy potential of the network.
  • the integer part of [Pi / P 2 ] is equal to the limit number of subscriber nodes, theoretically possible in
  • the proposed invention solves the problem of increasing the number of subscriber nodes in the network and expanding the arsenal of technical means in
  • a passive fiber-optic network contains a unidirectional fiber-optic loop and N directional couplers located at different points of the loop, a central node and many subscriber
  • the transmitter of the central node is optically connected to the beginning of the fiber optic loop, and the receiver to its end.
  • the transmitter and receiver of each subscriber unit are optically coupled to the fiber optic loop through an appropriate directional coupler.
  • Each coupler with one pair of input and output ports is optically connected to the beginning of the fiber optic loop, and the receiver to its end.
  • the transmitter and receiver of each subscriber unit are optically coupled to the fiber optic loop through an appropriate directional coupler.
  • J ⁇ is included in the fiber optic loop, and another pair from the input and
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) output ports is designed to connect, respectively, with the transmitter and receiver of the subscriber unit.
  • directional couplers from the first to the last, in the order of their arrangement from the beginning to the end of the fiber optic loop, are made with increasing branch coefficients at the radiation wavelength of the transmitter of the central node and with decreasing branch coefficients at the radiation wavelength of the transmitter of any subscriber node .
  • directional couplers are made with increasing branch coefficients in the sequence: 1 / N, 1 / (NI), ..., 1/3, 1/2, 1 at the radiation wavelength of the transmitter of the central node and with decreasing branch coefficients in the sequence: 1, 1/2, 1/3, ..., 1 / (N- 1), 1 / N at the radiation wavelength of the transmitter of any subscriber unit.
  • each directional coupler is made on two connected optical waveguides, the ends of which form two pairs of input and output ports.
  • the receiver of each subscriber unit is equipped with a selective filter for one or another radiation wavelength of the transmitter of the central unit, and the receiver of the central unit is equipped with a blocking filter for the same wavelengths.
  • the invention is illustrated in the drawings of Figures 1-5.
  • Figure l shows a block diagram of a passive fiber optic network according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a functional diagram of a spectrally dependent directional coupler.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of directional
  • Figure 4 shows graphs of the beat of power along homogeneous coupled waveguides for two wavelengths.
  • Figure 5 shows a block diagram of a network with a backup transmission line.
  • Passive fiber optic network Fig. 1 contains a unidirectional fiber optic loop 1 with one optical fiber, a central node 7 and a plurality of subscriber nodes 8, 9, ..., 12. At different points of the loop 1 are N directional couplers 2, 3, ..., 6.
  • the transmitter 13 of the central node 7 is optically connected to the beginning 15 of the loop 1, and the receiver 14 is connected to the end 16 of the loop 1.
  • the transmitter 17 and the receiver 18 of each subscriber unit 8, 9, ..., 12 are optically connected to the fiber - optical loop 1, respectively, through couplers 2, 3, ..., 6.
  • Directional couplers 2, 3, ..., 6 one a pair of input 19 and output 20 ports are included in the breaks of the optical fiber loop 1 at different points in the loop.
  • Another pair of input 21 and output 22 ports couplers 2, 3, ..., 6 are connected by two-fiber communication lines 23 respectively with a transmitter 17 and a receiver 18 of the subscriber nodes 8, 9, ..., 12.
  • Receivers 18 of the subscriber nodes 8, 9 , ..., 12 are equipped with selective filters 24, 25, ..., 28 for the radiation wavelength of the transmitter 13 of the central node 7.
  • the transmitter 13 contains a laser (not shown) with a fixed or tunable radiation wavelength. Filters 24, 25, ..., 28 are tuned either to the same wavelength I 1 or to different wavelengths ⁇ l b ⁇ ] 2 , ..., ⁇ iN of the laser radiation of the transmitter.
  • the receiver 14 of the central unit 7 is equipped with a blocking filter 25 for the radiation wavelengths of the transmitter 13.
  • the directional couplers 2, 3, ..., 6, the functional diagram of which is shown in FIG. 2 have spectrally dependent
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) branch coefficient ss (X), where i is the serial number of the location of the coupler in loop 1 when looping in the direction of transmission from beginning 15 to end 16 (Fig. 1).
  • the branch coefficients a, ( ⁇ ) increase with the number of the coupler i at the radiation wavelength ⁇ i of the transmitter 13 and decrease at the radiation wavelength X 2 of the transmitter 17 of any subscriber unit 8, 9, ..., 12.
  • Table l shows the optimal branching coefficients a ⁇ for taps 2, 3, ..., 6, which allow connecting the maximum possible number of subscriber nodes to fiber-optic loop 1.
  • N [Pi / P 2 ]. (5)
  • An optical signal at a wavelength ⁇ i of the transmitter 13 is sequentially removed from loop 1 to the receivers 18 of the subscriber units 8, 9, ..., 12.
  • the first coupler 2 in loop 1 transfers the power Pi / N.
  • the signal to the second coupler 3 is attenuated (1 - 1 / N) Pi and the coupler 3 diverts power equal to (1 / (N -I)) (I - Pi / N, etc. T.O. a chain of taps 2, 3, ..., 6, included in loop 1, selects 18 subscriber units 8, 9, ..., 12 to the receivers exactly in terms of Pj / N optical power.
  • the theoretical limit (5) is achieved in the first transmission stream: from the central node to the subscriber nodes.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) transmitters 17 of the subscriber units 8, 9, ..., 12 are introduced by taps 2, 3, ..., 6 into loop 1.
  • the i-th taps introduces power Pi / i into line 1.
  • FIG. 1 A diagram of such a coupler is shown in FIG.
  • Optical waveguides 31, 32 located parallel to each other interact with each other by decreasing external fields.
  • the interaction of the waveguides leads to the fact that the power of the mode of one waveguide is partially transferred to the mode of another waveguide.
  • the power transmitted to the waveguide 32 mode has the form: [6, pp.
  • F 2 F 1 [c 2 Z (c 2 + ⁇ 2 )] sip 2 [z (c 2 + ⁇ 2 ) 1 / 2 ] (6)
  • Fi the power at the input port 33 of the waveguide 31
  • ⁇ i, ⁇ 2 are the phase propagation constants of the waveguide modes Z 1, 32, respectively
  • c is the coupling coefficient between the waveguide modes.
  • the coupling coefficient c has an inverse exponential dependence on the distance d between the waveguides and inversely proportional to the wavelength ⁇ .
  • the OLT central unit (Ortisal Lipi Thermal) 7 receives data from the backbone networks via SNI connection interfaces
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) (Servis Node Iperfacs) and forms the first stream (similar to the downstream in PON) to ONU subscriber nodes (Ortisal Network Upit) 8, 9, ..., 12 by loop 1.
  • any of the known methods of forming the stream is used in PON technologies , for example, synchronously transmitting with time division TDM (Time Divisiop Multiplekhipg) signals intended for different subscriber units 8, 9, ..., 12.
  • TDM Time Divisiop Multiplekhipg
  • TDMA Time Divisiop Multifunctional Assess
  • transmission is carried out by alternating time cycles of the first and second flows (low-speed network operation mode).
  • the temporary positions of the signals intended for different subscriber units 8, 9, ..., 12 are transmitted at different wavelengths ⁇ c , ⁇ ig , ..., ⁇ i N of the tunable transmitter laser 13.
  • Filters 24, 25, ..., 28 tuned to wavelengths ⁇ c s ⁇ i 2j ...; ⁇ , respectively.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) nodes 8, 9, ..., 12 to the receiver 14 of the central node 7 is conducted at the same wavelength ⁇ 2 by the method of synchronous access with time division TDMA.
  • a loopback (ring) network architecture with a backup transmission line provides reliable traffic protection.
  • the solution to the backup task in the claimed network can be implemented in different ways. The simplest solution is to completely duplicate the main network with a backup segment with the opposite direction of transmission in the loop. Duplication of only the passive loop is also possible, or, at the same time, partial duplication of active network components, for example, transmitters in nodes, is possible.
  • the passive fiber optic network comprises a main loop 51 and a backup loop 52 with opposite transmission directions in the loop.
  • the central node 53 comprises a transmitter 57 and a receiver 58 connected to the main loop 51; and a transmitter 59 and a receiver 60 associated with the backup loop 52.
  • Each subscriber unit 54, 55, 56 includes a first transmitter 67, a second transmitter 68, and a receiver 69.
  • the transmitter 67 is optically coupled to a main transmission line through a corresponding coupler 61, 62, or 63 51.
  • the transmitter 68 through an appropriate coupler 64, 65 or 66 is optically coupled to the backup line 52.
  • the receiver 69 of each subscriber unit 54, 55, 56 is optically coupled simultaneously with the primary and backup loops 51.52.
  • the taps 61, 62, 63 of the main loop 51 and the taps 64, 65, 66 of the backup loop 52 have spectrally dependent branch coefficients in accordance with Table 1.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) simultaneous breakage of optical fibers in loops 51, 52 (in Fig. 5 at points 70.71), traffic is completely restored by transmission in the remaining “xvostax” loops, as in two-fiber linear buses.
  • Transmitters 67 of the subscriber units work in the left “x”, the transmitters 68 in the right “x” (in Fig. 5, the transmission route is indicated by a dotted line).
  • the claimed network despite the loopback architecture, can be considered as a variant of the PON network. That is, it is fully compatible with hardware and software products released by the industry for PON technology.
  • the invention has an advantage over the known
  • Telecommunication systems and networks Textbook in 3 vols. Volume 8. - Multiservice networks; Edited by Prof. V.P. Shuvalov. - M.: Hotline - Telecom, 2005.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

Le réseau passif à fibres optiques de l'invention comporte une boucle de fibres optiques unidirectionnele (1), N coupleurs directionnels N (2, 3,… 6) placés dans différents points de la boucle, une unité centrale (7) et plusieurs unités d'abonné (8, 9,… 12). L'émetteur (13) de l'unité centrale (7) est optiquement relié à l'extrémité de début (15) de la boucle à fibres optiques (1), et le récepteur (14) est relié à son extrémité de terminaison (16). L'émetteur (17) et le récepteur (18) de chaque unité d'abonné (8, 9,… 12) sont optiquement reliés à la boucle de fibres optiques (1) par le coupleur correspondant (2, 3,… 6). Les coupleurs directionnels (2, 3,… 6) sont réalisés en série selon un ordre déterminé, depuis le début (15) et jusqu'à la fin (16) de la boucle, de manière à ce que leur coefficient de dérivation augmente selon l'ordre suivant : 1/N, 1 (N-1),…, 1/2, 1 sur la longueur d'onde d'émission de l'émetteur (13) de l'unité centrale (7) et diminue selon l'ordre suivant : 1, 1/2,…, 1 (N-1), 1/N sur la longueur d'onde d'émission de l'émetteur (17) de n'importe quel unité d'abonné (8, 9,… 12). La transmission dans le réseau est effectuée dans deux flux : depuis l'unité centrale (7) vers les points d'abonné (8, 9,… 12) et depuis ces derniers vers l'unité centrale (7). Cette invention permet d'augmenter le nombre d'unités d'abonné prises en charge par le réseau.
PCT/RU2006/000710 2006-01-27 2006-12-28 Réseau passif à fibres optiques Ceased WO2007086777A1 (fr)

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RU2006102326/09A RU2310278C1 (ru) 2006-01-27 2006-01-27 Пассивная волоконно-оптическая сеть
RU2006102326 2006-01-27

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Cited By (1)

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US8837943B2 (en) 2011-01-10 2014-09-16 Ntt Docomo, Inc. Communication system and method for directly transmitting signals between nodes of a communication system

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RU2423797C1 (ru) * 2009-11-16 2011-07-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Московский технический университет связи и информатики (МТУСИ) Двойная пассивная волоконно-оптическая сеть
RU2423000C1 (ru) * 2009-11-16 2011-06-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Московский технический университет связи и информатики (МТУСИ) Двойная пассивная волоконно-оптическая сеть
US8483563B2 (en) * 2009-12-16 2013-07-09 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Header error control protected ten gigabit passive optical network downstream frame synchronization pattern
RU2454707C1 (ru) * 2011-02-15 2012-06-27 Учреждение Российской академии наук Институт проблем управления им. В.А. Трапезникова РАН Устройство синхронизации источников оптических сигналов
RU2548162C2 (ru) * 2013-07-09 2015-04-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт связи" (ФГУП ЦНИИС) Высоконадежная кольцевая оптическая сеть

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EP0412727A2 (fr) * 1989-08-08 1991-02-13 AT&T Corp. Système de communication optique
US5576875A (en) * 1994-04-13 1996-11-19 France Telecom Telecommunications network organized in reconfigurable wavelength-division-multiplexed optical loops
RU2259635C2 (ru) * 2003-08-25 2005-08-27 Попов Александр Геннадьевич Локальная волоконно-оптическая сеть и объединенная сеть

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US4783851A (en) * 1984-01-27 1988-11-08 Yokogawa Electric Corporation Optical communication system
IT1273676B (it) * 1994-07-25 1997-07-09 Pirelli Cavi Spa Sistema di telecomunicazione amplificata a multiplazione a divisione di lunghezza d'onda,con potenza di ricezione equalizzata

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0412727A2 (fr) * 1989-08-08 1991-02-13 AT&T Corp. Système de communication optique
US5576875A (en) * 1994-04-13 1996-11-19 France Telecom Telecommunications network organized in reconfigurable wavelength-division-multiplexed optical loops
RU2259635C2 (ru) * 2003-08-25 2005-08-27 Попов Александр Геннадьевич Локальная волоконно-оптическая сеть и объединенная сеть

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8837943B2 (en) 2011-01-10 2014-09-16 Ntt Docomo, Inc. Communication system and method for directly transmitting signals between nodes of a communication system

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