WO2007076756A1 - Covering element and cover - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a covering element and a cover. The covering element comprises at least one frame (2) that is provided with a covering layer (4 or 4a) and a bottom covering layer (5) which is located below the covering layer (4 or 4a) and preferably takes a convex shape by generating a negative pressure.

Description

 description

Covering element and roofing

The invention . concerns an end element as well as a covering.

Large-area buildings are mainly designed with flat roofs, whereby the roof skin must be made so stable that only a slight concave deformation under load occurs to prevent large and heavy rainwater puddles.

If a transparent covering of such surfaces is required, then convex skylights or foil cushions must be used, which for static reasons must have a strong curvature upwards. Thus, the surface and thus the cost of materials and the heat loss increases significantly compared to a horizontal or slightly curved surface. In addition, such domes can only be used over a small area for production-technical and economic reasons. In the case of foil cushions, in addition, the inevitable condensation on the downwardly concave arched film is problematic, because in this case the condensate can not flow away and therefore the condensate drips off in an uncontrolled manner. For stable, horizontal plate-like material, such. As glass or plastic discs is by the weight and other roof loads, such. As snow or rainwater puddles, a concave deflection unavoidable (see Fig. 1). Therefore, such cover materials are usually designed with a minimum inclination of approx. 10 ° -15 °. This also increases the envelope, the heat requirement and the construction cost. In the so-called glass / film combination, in which above and below the rigid disk, a film is fixed, the

BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE Although the disadvantage of puddling above the glass can be avoided, dripping of condensate from the bottom film is unavoidable.

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a Eindeckelement and a roofing for buildings, which is associated with a large reduction of the heat transfer, especially for large areas to be covered, so has a good thermal insulation and prevents the dripping of condensation. The roofing according to the invention is also intended to enable climate regulation. The covering should be transparent in a preferred embodiment. In winter, a snow pad is often undesirable for optical and static reasons or excessive snow loads can endanger the stability of the building.

Starting from the preamble of claim 1, the object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

With the covering according to the invention and the covering elements, a very good heat insulation can be brought about even in the case of large areas to be covered, and in particular horizontal flat coverings can be made available which do not drain any condensed water. The thermal insulation in the roof area can be temporarily reduced in an advantageous embodiment of the invention. This makes it possible to heat off snow, especially when the weight load z. B. by overlying snow too large or the transparency is adversely reduced.

Advantageous developments are specified in the subclaims. The figures show an embodiment according to the prior art and various embodiments of covers for buildings or roofs according to the invention.

It shows -.

Fig. 1: A disadvantageous construction according to the prior art.

Fig. 2: An inventive Eindeckelement.

Fig. 3: An alternative invention Eindeckelement.

Fig. 4: Another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5: Another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6: An embodiment with a curved plate.

Figure 1 shows a prior art roofing in which a puddle of water has formed and which is concaved downwardly by the dead weight and weight of the water.

FIG. 2 shows a covering 1 according to the invention with a frame 2 which has an upper foil 3, a middle foil 4 and a lower foil 5, the foils 3 and 4 being pneumatically tensioned with a negative pressure and the lower foil 5 being pneumatically tensioned or are stabilized. As a result, the films 3 and 5 are curved convex upward and the middle film 4 concave downward. Figure 3 shows a further embodiment in which instead of the middle film 4, a plate 4a occurs. Furthermore, details of the frame are shown. The frame 2 is divided into different segments 7, 8, 8 ', which have openings 9, 10, 10', which allow a suction or filling of a gas. The segments 7, 8, 8 'have further openings 11, 11', 12, 12 'and 13, 13', which allow access to the separated by films and plates cavities 14 and 15. The openings 11, 11 ', 13 and 13' lead to the cavities 16 and 17th

Figure 4 shows an embodiment with a plate 4a and the films 3 and 5, wherein the lower film 5 is fixed by means of a holder or bar 18 to the plate 4a, so that it is stretched roof-shaped and thus undergoes a curvature upwards. The film 5 may be pointed or linearly detracted from the plate 4a.

Figure 5 shows an embodiment in which the space between the upper cover sheet 3 and the plate 4a is specifically vented so that a puddle of water can form, whereby the water contributes to the cooling of the covered space by the adiabatic evaporation. In order to enhance the cooling effect, the lower film 5 is applied to the plate 4a due to an applied negative pressure and thus the heat insulation is "switched off." Reference numerals 19, 19 'show grooves for removing condensed water.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the plate 4a is convexly curved upwards. The curvature is directed to the side facing away from the film (5). In FIG. 6, the numbering of the device features from the other figures is retained. In the following, the invention will be described in its general form.

According to the invention, the covering element comprises a frame 2, which comprises at least two cover layers. The frame may be square or rectangular. In the rectangular version of the frame, the longitudinal side may be a multiple of the width. A preferred embodiment comprises at least three cover layers. The cover layers can be strung together in a segmental manner in the longitudinal direction or configured continuously without interruption. A combined execution of the layers continuously and strung together is possible. For each level corresponding to the covers for the levels with the reference numerals 3, 4 and 5 can optionally be used segmentally juxtaposed frame 2 with cover layers or a continuous covering with only one frame. It can also be used for each layer frames of different lengths or geometry or design.

Here are some terms to be defined:

A cover layer is understood to mean either a flexible film or a plate, which is fastened and sealed in a frame for the purpose of covering or covering. The plates used often have low flexibility,

In the figures, the upper covering 3 is shown by way of example as a foil for a covering covering. The covering covering is given the reference numeral 3 throughout, without being limited to the embodiment of a film. Analogously, the average coverage 4, the coverage 4a and the coverage 5 are shown independent of material. The Terms with a cover position or overlapping cover position with the reference symbols 3, 4 and 5 always relate to the most general embodiment, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

Concave is understood in the following to mean a curvature that is curved downwards in relation to a horizontal. A convex curvature in the context of the invention is a curvature that is curved upward with respect to the horizontal.

For the purposes of the invention, horizontal means the connecting line between two points of a frame. If the frame is aligned parallel to the ground, then the horizontal terminology is consistent with common terminology. If the frame is inclined, the horizontal deviates in the sense of the invention from the usual terminology.

In a simple embodiment, the cover element according to the invention comprises a frame 2, which comprises a cover layer 4 and a lower cover layer 5. According to the invention, the lower Eindecklage 5 is convex shaped, for example, by a mechanical fastening roof-shaped or by negative pressure in the space. As a result, condensate water forming on the lower side of the lower cover layer 5 does not collect in the middle and drips onto the floor, but is led to the frame 2.

The frame 2 preferably has a channel 19 which receives and discharges the condensed water. The grooves 19, 19 'are preferably associated with a drainage system, which allows the condensate to drain. The lower cover layer 5 may consist of different materials. It can be in the form of a film. Alternatively, it may be in the form of a plate which is convexly curved. The lower cover layer can therefore be rigid or flexible or elastic.

The film may be transparent or opaque, colored or mirrored.

The film is preferably made of plastic, for example fluoropolymers, such as ETFE, THV, or PVC, silicone, PU, which may also be fiber-reinforced, for example glass fiber reinforced.

The convex shape of the lower Eindecklage 5 can be prepared by applying a negative pressure in the cavity 15 or by point or linear attachment of the lower Eindecklage 5, for example, at the Eindecklage 4. This applies in particular to the embodiment as a film.

The lower Eindecklage 5 may also consist of a plate which is domed or convex.

The inclination or convex curvature of the plate can be effected by applying the plate on the side facing away from the bottom, or the cavity 15 with a negative pressure and / or by a curvature of the material itself, and / or by attachment of the plate, for example the Eindecklage 4, are effected. Furthermore, an embodiment is possible in which the lower plate 5 is mounted in the frame 2 so that it undergoes an inclination along the frame cross-section, so that it has at least one side of the frame a greater distance from the Eindecklage (4 or 4a) than on the other side. This creates an inclination, which also causes condensing water to drain. An analogous construction is possible when using a film as a cover layer (5).

If the lower cover layer 5 is formed as a plate, then it may be transparent or opaque, colorless, mirrored or colored.

There is basically any material in question, but can be called, for example, sheet metal, glass or plexiglass. Preferably, the material is elastic.

At least the side of the lower cover layer 5 facing the interior of the building to be roofed, which corresponds to the side of the cover layer 3 facing away from the cover layer 4, is preferably coated with a hydrophilic material which has the highest possible surface tension, so that the condensate runs optimally in the form of a film ,

Preferably, moreover, the films, especially the lower film, are provided with a coating which reduces or prevents the passage of water vapor.

Furthermore, the cover according to the invention comprises the cover layer 4, which may also take the form of a film or a plate.

The cover layer 4 may consist of different materials. It can be in the form of a film. Alternatively, it may be in the form of a plate which may be convexly curved. The films are usually flexible, the plates rigid or elastic. The film may be transparent or opaque, colored or colorless.

Preferably, the film consists of plastic, for example ETFE, THV, PVC, PU, silicone, which may also be fiber-reinforced, for example, glass fiber reinforced.

The cover layer 4 can also consist of a plate which, as shown by way of example in FIG. 6, can be convexly curved, but need not be. If a convex non-convex cover layer 4 is used, then this is generally curved slightly concave due to the gravitational force or snow load acting on it.

A convex curvature of the rigid cover layer 4 has the static advantage that the required material thickness can be reduced. The static properties of the construction are improved.

The convex curvature of the plate can be caused by a bulging of the material as such or by a deliberately stress-induced bending.

If the cover layer 4 is formed as a plate, then it may be transparent or opaque, colorless or colored.

There is basically any material in question, but can be called, for example, sheet metal, glass or plexiglass. Preferably, the material is flexible.

If the Eindecklage 4 formed as a plate, the lower Eindecklage 5 by a negative pressure or by a point or line attachment to the cover layer 4 upwardly curved or inclined, so that forming condensate is discharged to the frame 2 out. The film may also be inclined in the context of one side to the other and be formed obliquely below the Eindecklage 4. For this embodiment, all other disclosed subcombinations of device features should be possible.

If the Eindecklage 4 is formed as a film, it is preferable to produce a negative pressure between the lower Eindecklage 5 and the Eindecklage 4, so that the lower Eindecklage 5 bulges for Eindecklage 4 out.

The pressure difference, which is required to form the curvature of the lower cover layer 5, depends on the physical material properties of the lower cover layer 5. Thus, 5 different negative pressures must be generated depending on the weight or stiffness of the lower Eindecklage that lead to a curvature of the lower Eindecklage 5, which causes a discharge of the condensate. By way of example but not limitation, a possible pressure difference of about 20 to 30 Pascals relative to the atmospheric pressure can be mentioned as a possible underpressure, without being limited to values of this order of magnitude.

With pressure differences between the lower Eindecklage 5 and the Eindecklage 4 can be worked for all material combinations between lower Eindecklage 5 and Eindecklage 4, so if the lower Eindecklage 5 a plate or a film and the Eindecklage 4 is a plate or foil. In addition to raising the lower Eindecklage 5 for discharging the condensate of the negative pressure causes an additional improvement in thermal insulation.

If the lower cover layer 5 is curved so far upwards that it touches the cover layer 4 preferably over larger surface areas, then the thermal insulation is reduced and a thermal bridge is formed, through which heat can flow.

If a water supply is provided in the device according to the invention, which makes it possible to water the upper side of the cover layer 4, in particular if the lower cover layer 5 contacts the cover layer 4 over a large area, heat removal upward is possible, so that the covered interior can be cooled , which saves air conditioning costs, for example in summer. This applies in particular if the covering according to the invention is at least partially transparent.

If the cover layer 4 is made of tempered glass (toughened safety glass ESG), this offers additional static advantages, so that large-area disks can be used. In the event of damage, the lower foil prevents the glass from falling off and the requirements of the overhead glazing guideline can be met without the more expensive, heavier and less durable laminated safety glass (LSG).

In an advantageous development of the invention, a further overlapping cover layer 3 is located above the cover layer 4. The overlapping cover layer 3 can again take the form of a film or a plate. The film or plate can be attached to either the underlying plate or the frame.

The overlapping cover layer 3 may consist of different materials. It can be in the form of a film. Alternatively, it may be in the form of a plate. Both the embodiments as a film and as a plate can be convex shaped so that they are curved upwards.

The film may be transparent or opaque, colored or colorless.

Preferably, the film consists of plastic, for example, as above, fluoropolymer, ETFE, THV, silicone, PU or PVC, which may also be fiber-reinforced, for example, glass fiber reinforced. The chamfer reinforcement provides greater resistance to weather and mechanical effects.

The curvature of the film for the overlapping cover layer 3 can be brought about by applying the interior between the Eindecklage 4 and the overlapping cover layer 3 with an overpressure. This applies both to embodiments in which the cover layer 4 is formed as a plate and as a film.

The application of pressure has the effect that the film serving as overlapping cover layer 3 bulges upwards. As a result, incident water in the rain can be discharged to the frame, so that there is no static load on the roof, because the water can be removed. The action on the interior between the overlapping cover layer 3 and the overlapping cover layer 3 with overpressure additionally leads to an inwardly directed force building up on the frame, which leads to greater stability of the cover element compared to embodiments without this overpressure, so that the individual elements have a larger area can be interpreted. This in turn leads to a reduction of the area ratio of the frame construction in the overall structure and therefore to increased transparency, lower material costs and lower heat losses, ie a better energy balance and thus lower operating costs. For example, the surface area of an ESG glass cover element can be increased to about twice that of laminated safety glass.

The pressure to be applied can in turn be variable and depends on various parameters, such as surface area of an element, weight of the film but also the prevailing climatic conditions, such as frequency of strong wind or rain. The skilled person can easily determine the preferable pressure range. By way of example but not limitation, the following pressure ranges can be given: 5-20 Pascal, 20-100 Pascal or 100-1000 Pascal.

As a filling gas for the cavity 14 between cover layer 4 and overlapping cover layer 3, a thermal insulation gas can be used. Suitable heat-insulating gases are known to the person skilled in the art, but by way of example, but not limitation, He, Ne, Ar, or Kr may be mentioned.

If a variation of the transparency is desired, the gap can also be filled with gases, gas mixtures, mist-like gases 2. B. "Diskonebel" are filled, which influence the passage of light broadband or spectral.

These filling gases can also be filled into the cavity 15.

If the overlapping cover layer 3 is formed as a film, it is advantageous in a development of the invention if means are provided to suck the gas between the cover layer 4 and the overlapping cover layer 3, so that contact between the cover layer 4 and the overlapping cover layer 3 at least in some areas comes to existence. Furthermore, a supply line for water can be provided which allows irrigation of the top of the overlapping cover layer 3 in particular when the gas between the cover layer 4 and the overlapping cover layer 3 is sucked off, so that a heat dissipation from bottom to top can take place. This is particularly advantageous when the above-mentioned thermal bridge between the lower Eindecklage 5 and the Eindecklage 4 has been prepared, as described above. This allows air conditioning of the covered space take place, which brings the advantages mentioned above with it.

The overlapping Eindecklage 3 may also consist of a plate, which may be convex.

A convex curvature of the Eindecklage 3 and / or 4 in plates has the advantage that the mechanical stability and load capacity is increased.

The convex curvature of the plate 3 and / or 4 may be caused by a bulging of the material as such or by a stress be given by bending. The curvature can be barrel-shaped or spherical.

If the overlapping cover layer 3 is formed as a plate, then it may be transparent or opaque, colorless or colored.

There is basically any material in question, but can be called, for example, sheet metal, glass or plexiglass. Preferably, the material is rigid with high load capacity.

If a plate is used as the overlapping cover layer 3, an overpressure can also be applied in the cavity 14. The application of a plate as overlapping cover layer 3 has the same advantages as the use of a film as overlapping cover layer 3 when the cavity 14 is subjected to overpressure.

It is possible to additionally insert further plates or foils into the frame 2, which may have different properties and functions.

All layers can be strung together like a segment or the upper and lower films (3,5) can be designed as continuous webs and the middle layer (4 or 4a) can be lined up like a segment.

In general, each layer can either be formed overall with a single cover element or consist of cover-like composite cover elements.

The frame 2 can basically assume different geometries. It can include curves and / or corners. Example- Adhesive can be called square cross sections, diamonds, rectangles, parallelograms, circles or ellipses.

The frame 2 preferably comprises an opening 12, which allows suction and / or filling of the cavity 15 between the Eindecklage 5 and the Eindecklage 4 with gas.

Furthermore, the frame 2 preferably has an opening 13, which allows a filling or suction of the cavity 14 between the Eindecklage 4 and the Eindecklage 3 with gas.

To fill or suck off gas, a pump or a fan is provided. Preferably gas conveying devices are used with switchable Fδrderrichtung.

Furthermore, means for watering the surface of the cover layer 4 and / or the overlapping cover layer 3 may be provided.

In a further embodiment, the frame 2 is formed so that it is constructed symmetrically with respect to its longitudinal cross-section Z, as shown in Figure 3, so that at least two elements of the frame 2 via a connecting part, which openings 12, 12 'and 13 , 13 ', are connected. This connecting part may have a common segment 7, which with the openings 11, 11 'allows access to the cavities 16 and 17.

A frame 2 with the cover layers according to the invention forms a Eindeckelement. The covering according to the invention can be produced by an arrangement of at least two flashing elements and / or the use of flashing elements. the, the frame 2 are equipped with the symmetrical profile, so that larger areas can be covered with a multi-element frame.

Exemplary embodiments:

Convex / convex roofing of horizontal roofs:

New solution for the roofing of flat roofs For foil cushions, the lower foil is forced to bulge downwards due to the overpressure required for stabilization. In order to ensure a safe drainage of condensate according to the invention a further film is provided, which is designed convex below the pillow. For this purpose, a negative pressure is present in the intermediate space between the lower and middle film, or this film is mechanically connected in the middle with the middle film, see Fig. 2.

This large-scale solutions are possible, the height of the connection profiles is relatively large due to the strong curvature of the films. This also favors the internal convection and increases the heat transfer. Since with foil cushions for safety reasons always a pressure supply must be guaranteed, here a high expenditure is necessary.

In an alternative embodiment, the middle foil is replaced by a plate or disc.

Due to the comparatively low required pressure between the disc and the film in the glass / film combination, the curvature of the film is significantly lower and the heat transfer also significantly lower compared to foil cushions. Due to the carrying capacity of the disc, this solution is statically safe even without pressure supply and does not require permanent air supply, which leads to a significantly reduced operating energy consumption leads. In order to ensure a safe condensate drainage on the lower film, the lower film must also be arched convexly upward with negative pressure or through a central mechanical fixation. It is also possible to arrange several film layers one below the other, see Fig. 3.

Instead of the lower foil, a thin plate or disc can also be used. The thickness of the plate can be for example 4 mm. A central mechanical connection between the two plates also increases the stability of the system, see Fig. 4.

Instead of the lower foil, a thin plate or disc can also be used. A central mechanical connection between the two plates also increases the stability of the system, see Fig. 4.

The design with the glass / foil combination allows a further energetically advantageous solution. In the case of large-area transparent roofing, the heat input into the interior is disadvantageous in the summer with high irradiation and high outside temperature and usually requires a high energy expenditure for air-conditioning. If a water layer is deliberately created over the roofing with a sprinkler system, a cold layer will be created over the glass due to the evaporation of water. If, in addition, the inner film with negative pressure is largely pulled against the pane, the thermal insulation is largely "switched off" and the film surface becomes the cooling ceiling, see FIG. 5.

As soon as no more cooling is desired, the upper foil can be raised again by air pressure and the water can be discharged into the gutters. By reducing the negative pressure over The lower foil can be returned to the convex initial position.

Claims

claims 1. covering element comprising a frame and covering layers, characterized in that it comprises a Eindecklage (4, 4a) and a convex shaped Eindecklage (5) whose curvature in the direction of the Eindecklage (4, 4a) extends or obliquely to the Eindecklage ( 4 4a). 2. Covering element according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cavity (15) between the Eindecklage (5) and the Eindecklage (4, 4 a) is a negative pressure relative to the ambient pressure. 3. Covering element according to one of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) at at least one point with a fastening means (18) on the Eindecklage (4, 4a) is connected. 4. Covering element according to claim 3, characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) point or line is connected to the Eindecklage (4,4a). 5. Covering element according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the fastening means (18) is positioned substantially in the center of the Eindeckelements (1). 6. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) on at least one side of the frame (2) has a greater distance to the Eindecklage (4, 4a) than on the remaining sides of the frame (2 ). 7. Covering element according to claim S ₁ characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) to at least one side of the frame (2) towards a slope with respect to the Eindecklage (4, 4a). 8. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) and / or the Eindecklage (4, 4a) is transparent. 9. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) and / or the Eindecklage (4, 4a) is colored. 10. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the gas in the cavity (15) is a heat-insulating gas. 11. Covering element according to AnspruchlO, characterized in that the gas is at least one component from the group consisting of helium, argon, xenon, krypton. 12. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) is a film. 13. Covering element according to claim 12, characterized in that the film consists of plastic. 14. Covering element according to claim 13, characterized in that the film consists of at least one component from the group of fluoropolymers, ETFE, PTFE, PVC, silicone or polyurethane 15. Covering element according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the film is fiber-reinforced. 16. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) is a plate. 17. Covering element according to claim 16, characterized in that the plate consists of at least one component consisting of plastic, glass or metal. 18. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the Eindecklage (5) at least on the Eindecklage (4, 4a) facing away from the side is at least partially coated with a hydrophilic layer 19. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that it has means with which in the cavity (15) pressure up and / or can be degraded. 20. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that it has supply means for a coolant, which directs the coolant to the Eindecklage (3). 21. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the Eindecklage (4) is a film. 22. Covering element according to claim 21, characterized in that the film consists of plastic. 23. Covering element according to claim 22, characterized in that the film consists of at least one component from the group consisting of fluoropolymer, ETFE, PTFE, PVC, silicone or polyurethane. 24. Covering element according to one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the film is fiber reinforced. 25. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the Eindecklage (4a) is a plate. 26. Covering element according to claim 25, characterized in that the plate consists of at least one component consisting of plastic, glass and metal. 27. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized the cover layer (4, 4a) has a curvature to the side facing away from the cover layer (5). 28. Mounting element according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that it has a supply means for a coolant which directs the coolant to the Eindecklage (4, 4a). 29. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that on the Eindecklage (5) facing away from a Eindecklage (3). 30. Covering element according to claim 29, characterized in that the Eindecklage (3) has a curvature which with respect to the Eindecklage (4, 4a) is convex. 31. Covering element according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the Eindecklage (3) is transparent 32. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that the Eindecklage (3) is at least partially colored. 33. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 32, characterized in that the cavity (14) between the Eindecklage (4, 4a) and the Eindecklage (3) can be filled with a gas. 34. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 33, characterized that the gas has an overpressure relative to the environment. 35. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 34, characterized in that the gas in the cavity (14) is a heat-insulating gas. 36. Covering element according to claim 35, characterized in that the gas is at least one component from the group consisting of helium, argon, xenon, krypton. 37. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 36, characterized in that the Eindecklage (3) is a film. 38. Covering element according to claim 37, characterized in that the film consists of plastic. 39. Covering element according to claim 38, characterized in that the film consists of at least one component from the group of fluoropolymers, ETFE, PTFE PVC, silicone or polyurethane. 40. Covering element according to one of claims 37 to 39, characterized in that the film is fiber-reinforced. 41. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 40, characterized in that a coolant supply is present, which is a Beauf- Suppression of the Eindecklage (3) with a coolant allows 42. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 36, characterized in that the Eindecklage (3) is a plate. 43. Covering element according to claim 42, characterized in that the plate consists of at least one component consisting of plastic, Plexiglas, glass or sheet metal. 44. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 43, characterized in that it has means with which in the cavity (14) pressure up and / or can be degraded. 45. Covering element according to one of claims 30 and 42 to 44, characterized in that the plate receives its convex shape by a clamping force within the frame. 46. Covering element according to one of claims 29 to 45, characterized in that the cavity (14) is filled with a gas which allows optical effects, such as fog or fluorescence. 47. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 46, characterized in that the frame (2) has a groove, which can absorb condensation water. 48. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 47, characterized in that the Eindeckelement a device is assigned, which the filling and suction of the cavity (14) and / or the cavity (15) allows. 49. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 48, characterized in that it is used with the Eindecklage (5) downwards as a canopy. 50. Covering element according to one of claims 1 to 49, characterized in that it has a frame which is designed symmetrically with respect to its longitudinal cross-section Z, so that it can accommodate a further covering position from at least one direction. 51. Covering, characterized in that they cover elements according to one of claims 1 to 50 includes. 52. Covering according to claim 51, characterized in that the layers 3, 4, 4a and / or 5 of individual segments lined up or continuous webs can exist.