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WO2007061864A1 - Tamis a sable robuste destine a des puits de petrole et de gaz - Google Patents

Tamis a sable robuste destine a des puits de petrole et de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007061864A1
WO2007061864A1 PCT/US2006/044712 US2006044712W WO2007061864A1 WO 2007061864 A1 WO2007061864 A1 WO 2007061864A1 US 2006044712 W US2006044712 W US 2006044712W WO 2007061864 A1 WO2007061864 A1 WO 2007061864A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
screen
pipe
blank pipe
cylindrical member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2006/044712
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kristian Brekke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2007061864A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007061864A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/08—Screens or liners

Definitions

  • This invention pertains generally to the field of oil and gas production and, more particularly, to production of oil and gas in formations containing unconsolidated sands.
  • the hazards associated having materials such this in the wellbore are well known and include, for example, possible erosion of the surface equipment, damage to the downhole equipment, the creation of cause blockages in the production facilities, etc.
  • One consequence of this sort of damage is that it can necessitate the costly removal of accumulated solid debris from separators. In other instances, it can cause equipment failures and/or severe malfunction of same, together with the inevitable associated down time, lost production, and costly repairs.
  • a down hole sand screen device for use in well completions that comprises a plurality of isolated individual sand screens.
  • the instant invention consists of two screens, one concentrically nested inside of the other, and further wherein the screened sections are not continuous but rather are periodically interrupted by sections of blank pipe.
  • the screened and blank pipe sections are preferably arranged so that a screened section on the outer pipe will be matched by a corresponding blank pipe section on the inner pipe and vice versa.
  • the different pairs/groups of communicating inner and outer screen sections are preferably isolated from other screen sections through the use of spacers or packers that block the flow of fluid between adjacent sections of screen.
  • the instant invention consists of two sand screens, one nested inside of the other, and further wherein the screened sections are not continuous but rather sections of blank pipe and screen are staggered so that if a hole develops in one of the outer screen sections the movement of sand will be blocked from directly entering the wellbore by a second/inner screen.
  • sand in the event that there is a failure in the outer screen, sand will begin filling the gap between the outer and the inner screens, which will in due course block off that part of the screen.
  • the instant invention will tend to block off that section of screen by accumulating debris therein.
  • the screen of the instant invention can be said to be self-healing to the extent that it tends to block flow through damaged screen sections.
  • this planned blockage is that the well will thereafter be marginally less productive but that is a small price to pay when the alternative may be to shut down the well and repair the screen.
  • the instant invention uses alternating sections — preferably on the order of 1-2 feet in length - of screen and blank pipe.
  • the screen and blank pipe sections will be staggered, with a section of screen on the outside member being matched with a section of blank pipe on the inside member and vice versa.
  • the screen sections will not overlap each other, thereby creating a backup system in case the outer screen fails.
  • the point of failure in the screen will be located over a corresponding section of blank pipe section on the inner member.
  • staggered sections of pipe and screen will all be of the same size and will be on the order of one or two feet so that the filtering section is compartmentalized/discretized on a foot-by-foot basis.
  • the inner screen will preferably be made coarser (e.g., have a larger mesh opening size) than the outer screen.
  • the inner screen will not accumulate sand particles that have been passed through the outer screen and become plugged or otherwise blocked. This will result in less erosion because, among other reasons, the velocity is lower within the inner screen.
  • Another aspect of the instant invention and something that is preferably added between the inner and outer cylindrical members, and preferably at the point where a section transitions from a screen to blank pipe, is a solid ring or toroid that has two primary functions. First, it will tend to act as a spacer and will function to keep the inner and outer cylindrical members uniformly separated. However, a second preferable aspect of this element is that this element could be given flow channels or other pathways which are designed to create a specific pressure loss/pressure differential between the internals of the completion and the formation pressure outside of the completion.
  • the inner and outer screens on the order of, for example, a few millimeters to an inch or more.
  • Standard screens could be utilized, as could custom-made screens.
  • the "blank pipe" sections in the inner and outer screen could be created by filling the appropriate part of the screen with a material such as epoxy or, perhaps, some sort of metal that would harden so that that portion of the screen becomes solid/impermeable to the fluid that is being produced. That could be used to produce the blank pipe sections.
  • Figure 1 contains a general view of the invention as it might appear as part of a completion string.
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal cross section of a preferred embodiment of the instant invention.
  • Figure 3 contains transverse cross section of a preferred embodiment of the instant invention.
  • Figure 4 contains an idealized flow diagram that indicates how fluids would move through one preferred embodiment of the instant invention.
  • FIG. 5 is illustrates preferred variation of the instant invention wherein two screen sections are interconnected by an internal passage or pathway.
  • Figure 6 contains still another preferred variation wherein the screen regions on the outer and inner pipes are relatively small in comparison with the size of the blank pipe regions.
  • Figure 7 illustrates another preferred embodiment where the outer pipe is comprised almost entirely of screen material and the inner pipe contains alternating sections of screen and blank pipe, separated by an internal flow inhibitor.
  • the instant robust sand screen module 100 will be most useful in the completion of production or injection wells including, for example, water injectors, gas injectors, or mostly oil and gas producers will be suitable for use with the instant invention.
  • the instant invention will typically be used in connection with well completions in formations that have the potential to produce sand absent some sort of sand preventive technology.
  • the instant invention 100 will be preferably be installed as one component of a section of a well completion. However, it should be clear that multiple sections of the invention could be used where, for example, the potential sand problem extends over some distance (e.g., in a horizontal well). In a typical arrangement, the instant invention 100 will preferably be about 30-40 feet in length. One or more pipe lengths of the instant invention 100 could be included in this length. Figure 2, discussed hereinafter, provides additional details.
  • a screen is a porous material that acts as a filter to keep sand that originates in the producing or other formation from entering the wellbore.
  • Typical screen thickness would be on the order of around a few millimeters to maybe an inch or so in thickness and a few (e.g. 1-2) feet in length. That being said, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the thickness of the particular screen that is used and its length is immaterial to the operation of the instant invention.
  • the screen itself might be made, for example, of stainless steel, aluminum, or any other suitable material.
  • the instant invention will be comprised of two concentrically nested hollow cylindrical members 270 and 280.
  • Each of the cylindrical members 270 and 280 is comprised of alternating sections of permeable lilter material 210/215 and non-permeable blank pipe 220/225.
  • each section e.g., blank pipe section 220
  • each section will be on the order of 1-2 feet in length, although these dimensions should be understood as having been offered for purposes of illustration only.
  • the sections of filter material 210 and blank pipe 220 will be positioned so that they are staggered with respect to the inner members 215 and 225.
  • the spacing between the inner cylinder 280 and outer cylinder 270 is preferably on the order of a few millimeters, although a wide range of spacings might be utilized depending on the particular circumstances.
  • the spacing between the two cylindrical members will be maintained throughout by the use of a spacer 230 which will preferably completely encircle the inner cylindrical member 280.
  • One preferred spacer embodiment will have flow channels placed therein so that fluids can pass through the outer screen 465, along the outer surface of the blank pipe 455, until it reaches and passes through the inner screen 440. This might also be accomplished by placing grooves in the outer surface of the inner blank pipe that will allow for the flow of liquid (including gas) in such grooves along the inner side of the corresponding screen. This embodiment will be discussed in greater detail below.
  • an outer screen element screen 210 will directly butt up against an inner blank pipe section 225, i.e., the spacing between the inner 280 and outer 270 cylindrical members will be effectively zero.
  • channels will be cut down into the outer surface of the inner blank pipe section 225, thereby providing for passage of the produced fluid (to include the production of gas) axially along the outer surface of the inner blank pipe section 220 until the adjacent inner filter section 220 is reached.
  • the channels would allow for axial flow along the inside of the outer screen 210 until such flow reached an area where the inner pipe element 280 is permeable.
  • each outer screen 210 is paired with an inner blank pipe section 225 and each outer blank pipe section 220 is paired with an inner screen 225.
  • the screen 210/215 and blank pipe 220/225 sections are staggered with respect to each other.
  • the embodiment of Figure 2 alternates screens and blank sections such that there are screen sections in the inner 280 and outer 270 cylindrical sections never overlap.
  • the blank pipe sections 220 and 225 will be formed by injecting epoxy or a similar product at about one foot intervals into the interior of a continuous section of screen. After the injected material has hardened, the formerly permeable screen will have been rendered impermeable.
  • This suggested method of manufacture provides a relatively inexpensive way to manufacture sections of the instant invention 100. That being said, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that this is just one of many ways that the instant invention might be manufactured.
  • Figure 3 contains a schematic transverse cross section of a preferred embodiment of the instant invention.
  • the view of Figure 3A has been taken across a section of pipe wherein the outer cylindrical member is permeable and the inner cylindrical member is non-permeable.
  • Figure 3 is a transverse cross section that has been taken across a section of pipe wherein the outer member is blank pipe 220 and the inner member is a screen 215.
  • Figure 4 illustrates in greater detail how one preferred embodiment of the instant invention would operate in practice.
  • this figure illustrates how fluid flow is controlled through the use of impermeable spacers or packers 420 (blocking elements), certain ones of which, in some preferred embodiments, will be designed to have one or more flow channels placed therein which allows some fluid to move longitudinally along the pipe face.
  • the fluid flow pattern 410 accepts fluid in through outer screen 405, said fluid is then turned upon encountering the inner blank pipe section 450, it travels axially along the face of the blank pipe section 450 through the void created between the inner and outer pipes, and then, enters the central core of the instant invention through inner screen 415 where it is carried away 480 from its point of entry and eventually removed from the well.
  • fluid will enter through screen 465, will be turned and move axially along the outer face of blank pipe section 455 until it encounters permeable spacer 435, move though permeable spacer 435 (through such movement will preferably be retarded at least somewhat), and into the center of the instant invention through screen 440.
  • the amount of permeability in the spacer 435 could be varied to suit the occasion and, preferably, will consist of a plurality of flow channels that are designed control in a predictable way the pressure differential between the formation and the interior of the well.
  • the screen 405 will be in direct contact with the blank pipe section 450, with grooves having been cut into the face of the blank pipe section 450 to allow fluids to pass longitudinally along its upper surface after they have passed through the outer filter element 405.
  • One particularly favorable aspect of the instant invention is its ability to "repair" itself. Said another way, in the event that screen 405 develops a hole therein, unfiltered fluid will enter through the hole, pass longitudinally/axially through the gap between the cylindrical members, through filter 415, and into the center of the pipe.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 contain some additional embodiments.
  • the equal sized screens/blank pipe sections have been presented as discrete cylinders which are staggered with respect to each other and then isolated from each other with packers that prevent flow to other parts of the screen.
  • two nested cylindrical pipes 630 and 640 could be made to be permeable by way of windows that have been strategically placed in both the outer and inner screen, with screen 610 being in the outer pipe 630 and screen 620 being in an inner pipe 640.
  • the screens will preferably occupy only a relatively small portion of the pipe's outer 630 and inner 640 surfaces.
  • each group of windows will be isolated from the other (e.g., through the use of a spacer 660).
  • an outer filter panel 510 in outer pipe 550 is connected by a groove 530 or other passageway to an inner filter panel 520 in inner pipe 560, the two pipes being nested closely together so as to prevent (or greatly retard) fluid flow between their surfaces.
  • one or several windows 510 in the outer pipe 540 could be connected to one or several of the windows 520 in the inner pipe 550 through a flow channel 530.
  • the passageways between the input and output filter elements could be designed to help control pressure between the formation and the interior of the pipe, i.e., that structure could be used to create a controlled pressure differential between the internals of the completion and the outside of the completion.
  • nested cylindrically shaped elements 270 and 280 are preferred, more nested cylinders (e.g., 3, 4, etc.) could similarly be used, with the consequence that additional protection against failure would be obtained. Obviously, this process could be continued up to the ability of the hole diameter to accommodate multiple pipes (e.g., nested cylinders) within. Of course, by adding additional cylinders/filters, further protection could be provided against leakage/damage to one of the outer filters. Similarly, this would give more of an opportunity to use the preferred structure to control the pressure that is entering the center of the pipe.
  • FIG. 7 there is provided a variation of the instant invention (shown in cross section) wherein the outer member is substantially comprised of one or more screen sections 705.
  • fluid takes one of two paths from the exterior of the pipe into its central cavity, depending on where it enters. In some instances, it will take a curved path (e.g., paths 710 and 730) as a consequence of encountering inner blank pipe sections 750 and 755. In other cases, (e.g., fluid flow paths 755 and 765) it will take a more direct route. However, what is critical is that the flow of fluid downward (or upward) inside of the void 735 must be terminated and redirected by spacer 720.
  • This sort of configuration although it has certain disadvantages as compared with other embodiments, will be similarly self healing, in that if the outer screen 705 is breached, sand will tend to accumulate within the void 735 until eventually access to the inner screens 715 and 740 is blocked. Obviously, a high-pressure region could conceivable punch through both the inner and outer screen members in those regions where they overlap. However, this embodiment still implements a key aspect of the instant invention, in that in many cases after a breach of the outer screen the breached section will eventually be blocked off, thus keeping sand away from the central pipe cavity.
  • the inner screen will be a bit coarser than the outer screen.
  • the inner screen will help ensure that sand will accumulate between either an inner space or the grooves between the inner and outer screen and will eventually block off the failed section.
  • Sand from a failed outer screen will begin to accumulate against an inner screen and eventually will stop the flow of fluid through that section or reduce it to the point where the inner screen will not erode and cause a second failure.
  • two different filter elements must be breached in order for a complete failure to occur.
  • Another advantage of the instant invention is that the flow path through the outer screen will immediately encounter a blank pipe surface which is much harder or resistant to erosion than a screen.
  • the inner screen is also at risk of erosion.
  • the instant invention if the outer screen is breached the inrushing fluid will be met with an unyielding or hard surface, rather than a similarly fragile inner screen. This is because of the staggered design discussed previously. Thus, a subsurface hot spot where there is a very high flow from the formation that erodes through the outer screen will likely be stopped at the blank pipe surface and will tend to not erode the inner screen.
  • the mesh size or opening size or coarseness of the inner screen will preferably be larger than that of the outer screen - preferably large enough to prevent accumulation of the particles between the screens.
  • the instant invention has been specifically designed to increase the reliability in downhole screens by creating a structure that is in some sense self-healing or self-correcting. It is an important aspect of the invention that it is comprised of a plurality of hydraulically isolated pairs/groups of communicating screen sections — i.e., one or more inner screen sections and one or more outer screen sections - such that even a catastrophic failure in one of screen pairs does not allow sand to pass into the produced fluid and will affect only an insignificant part of the completion.
  • each screen section will be isolated from the other and will be arranged in screen/blank pipe pairs.
  • the different sections of screen are preferably isolated from pairs/groups through the use of spacers or packers that block the flower of fluid between adjacent sections.
  • the inner pipe has been generally pictured as being identical in relative composition to the outer pipe (i.e., having the same relative proportions of blank pipe and screen) that is also not a requirement.
  • the relative amounts of blank pipe and screen in the inner and outer pipes could be much different from each other. All that is required is that in each instance where there is a region of sand screen on the outer pipe there should be a corresponding region of blank pipe opposite it on the inner pipe, such that fluids cannot pass through a screen section and into the interior of the pipe without encountering a section of blank pipe on the inner member.
  • blade pipe should be broadly understood to include plain tubing of the sort traditionally used in sand control completions, as well as any other sort of pipe that is at least relatively impervious to the passage of fluids therethrough.
  • a slotted liner with very fine slots could be used as a blank pipe section.
  • the preferred embodiment utilizes nested coaxial cylindrical pipes, such a configuration is not required.
  • the inner and outer pipes might not be coaxial, i.e., the central axis of the inner pipe could be offset from the central axis of the outer pipe.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Selon la présente invention, un premier mode de réalisation concerne un dispositif de fond contenant des tamis à sable, destiné à des complétions de puits, qui comprend une pluralité de tamis à sable individuels isolés. En outre, selon le mode de réalisation préféré, ledit dispositif se compose de deux tamis, emboîtés l’un dans l’autre de manière concentrique, et les sections du tamis ne sont pas continues mais plutôt interrompues périodiquement par les sections d’un tube à paroi pleine. Les sections du tamis sont aussi disposées de manière à ce que la section du tamis présente sur le tube externe corresponde à une section de tube à paroi pleine correspondante, mais décalée, présente sur le tube interne. Ainsi, si un orifice se développe dans l’une des sections de tamis externes, un second tamis interne empêchera que le sable en mouvement n’entre dans le puits de forage.
PCT/US2006/044712 2005-11-18 2006-11-17 Tamis a sable robuste destine a des puits de petrole et de gaz Ceased WO2007061864A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US73819705P 2005-11-18 2005-11-18
US60/738,197 2005-11-18
US11/561,137 US20070114020A1 (en) 2005-11-18 2006-11-17 Robust sand screen for oil and gas wells
US11/561,137 2006-11-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007061864A1 true WO2007061864A1 (fr) 2007-05-31

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PCT/US2006/044712 Ceased WO2007061864A1 (fr) 2005-11-18 2006-11-17 Tamis a sable robuste destine a des puits de petrole et de gaz

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US (1) US20070114020A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007061864A1 (fr)

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US9085956B2 (en) * 2012-03-20 2015-07-21 Flowpro Well Technology a.s. System and method for controlling flow through a pipe using a finger valve
EA201590817A1 (ru) 2012-10-26 2015-08-31 Эксонмобил Апстрим Рисерч Компани Забойная компоновка звеньев колонны для регулирования расхода и способ заканчивания ствола скважины
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WO2016112155A1 (fr) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 Modicum, Llc Système de séparation de gaz de fond de trou
WO2018013441A1 (fr) 2016-07-09 2018-01-18 Modicum, Llc Système de séparation de gaz de fond de trou
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US11492888B2 (en) 2019-10-08 2022-11-08 Modicum, Llc Down-hole gas separation methods and system
US12104479B2 (en) 2021-06-08 2024-10-01 Modicum Llc Down hole desander

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US1604386A (en) * 1925-06-25 1926-10-26 Byerly William Fred Well strainer
US1620412A (en) * 1925-07-30 1927-03-08 Tweeddale John Liner for oil wells
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