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WO2007058665A2 - Composite de blindage a transmission optique - Google Patents

Composite de blindage a transmission optique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007058665A2
WO2007058665A2 PCT/US2005/044050 US2005044050W WO2007058665A2 WO 2007058665 A2 WO2007058665 A2 WO 2007058665A2 US 2005044050 W US2005044050 W US 2005044050W WO 2007058665 A2 WO2007058665 A2 WO 2007058665A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
thickness
facing
kinetic
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2005/044050
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007058665A3 (fr
Inventor
Richard L. Cook
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CCCIP LLC
Original Assignee
CCCIP LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CCCIP LLC filed Critical CCCIP LLC
Priority to JP2007545551A priority Critical patent/JP2008522874A/ja
Priority to EP05858577A priority patent/EP1828705A4/fr
Priority to CA002592452A priority patent/CA2592452A1/fr
Publication of WO2007058665A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007058665A2/fr
Priority to IL183482A priority patent/IL183482A0/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2007058665A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007058665A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix

Definitions

  • the present invention generally provides improved systems, compositions and methods for substantially transparent/translucent, breakage-resistant composite structures; and more particularly, representative and exemplary embodiments of the present invention generally relate to bullet-resistant windows and/or ballistic laminate materials.
  • various exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to ballistic glass and transparent armor useful in military and security vehicle applications.
  • Still other representative embodiments of the present invention relate to architectural and design elements for security purposes in hostile environments. BACKGROUND
  • the various layers used in the composite may be chosen for their different projectile resistance characteristics and functions.
  • glass layers are hard and thus readily erode bullets and are highly abrasion resistant; however, glass layers are also brittle, which generally causes any glass layers opposite a penetration threat to spall, which in turn creates shrapnel fragments.
  • the shrapnel may produce numerous projectiles on the interior surface of the vehicle.
  • the resulting spall (or fragments) may in fact be more dangerous than the original penetrator.
  • Plastic material layers used as part of a composite sandwich provide a means to introduce flexibility into the transparent armor composite. The addition of one more plastic layers to the composite changes the failure mode of the transparent armor so it fails in a more ductile manner rather than spalling.
  • Acrylic-, polyurethane- and polycarbonate-based materials are among the plastic materials which have been shown to have utility in producing transparent armor composites.
  • polycarbonate One class of plastics that has proven both useful and reliable in constructing transparent armor composites and architectural bandit type barriers is polycarbonate.
  • Polycarbonate has demonstrated superior characteristics in terms of providing overall protection because it demonstrates the highest spread between brittleness transition temperature and heat distortion temperature. For this reason, polycarbonates are generally preferred materials in transparent armor composites.
  • polycarbonate and the other plastic materials are also soft and easily abraded by the action of dirt and dust.
  • polycarbonates are frequently adversely affected by solvents and cleaning solutions when used to remove dirt. Thus, the cleaning of surface dirt and grime will inevitably cause scratching. This causes the optical properties to be adversely effected. Scratching can cause the transparency of the armor composite to substantially degrade in under one year. The substantial degradation of transparency generally necessitates replacement of the composite. Since transparent armor composites are expensive, frequent replacement creates a substantial financial burden on maintenance budgets.
  • the present invention provides systems, devices and methods for providing bullet resistant windows ⁇ e.g., ballistic glass) utilizing thin laminate glazing over resilient polymer backing capable of sustaining multiple close proximity hits from a variety of munitions.
  • Advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the Detailed Description which follows and may be apparent from the Detailed Description or may be learned by practice of exemplary embodiments of the invention. Still other advantages of the invention may be realized by means of any of the instrumentalities, methods or combinations particularly disclosed herein.
  • FIG. 1 representatively illustrates a three-quarter, isometric view of a substantially optically transmissive armor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 representatively illustrates a three-quarter, isometric view of another substantially optically transmissive armor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 representatively illustrates a three-quarter, isometric view of another substantially optically transmissive armor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 representatively illustrates a three-quarter, isometric view of yet another substantially optically transmissive armor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 representatively illustrates a three-quarter, isometric view of another substantially optically transmissive armor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 representatively illustrates a three-quarter, isometric view of still another substantially optically transmissive armor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Various embodiments of the present invention provide a tough kinetic backing layer with an overlying, relatively thin glass facing.
  • the glass facing being only of sufficient thickness to spoil the pointedness of the incoming projectile (e.g., 1/8") may be bonded to the kinetic layer with an elastic medium.
  • the present invention provides an improved optically transmissive armor.
  • the optically transmissive armor has a first layer 110 ⁇ e.g., a 'facing layer' presenting a surface of first contact to an incoming projectile), a second layer 100 (e.g., a 'kinetic layer' for depleting the projectile's energy), and an optional elastomeric layer at least partially disposed therebetween ⁇ e.g., a 'bonding layer' suitably configured for immobilizing facing layer 110 with respect to the disposition of kinetic layer 110).
  • the bonding layer may be composed of material having high elongation characteristics, or any other suitable material capable of mitigating temperature-rated expansion differentials associated with the kinetic layer 100 and the facing layer 110. If the bonding layer does not have suitable elongation characteristics over a given temperature range, the bonding layer may become damaged should the first and second layers expand or contract.
  • the thickness ratio of the kinetic layer 100 ⁇ e.g., polymeric material) to the facing layer 110 ⁇ e.g., glass material) should be at least approximately unity. It will be appreciated, however, that various other thickness ratios may be alternatively, conjunctively or sequentially employed to achieve a substantially similar result. It will also be appreciated that different thickness ratios will produce different armor characteristics that are uniquely adapted for particular threats or operating environments.
  • the facing layer 110 may be comprised of a hard, glass-like material that operates to blunt or otherwise deform a bullet or projectile incident to its surface.
  • the facing material may be almost any composition, such as, for example: soda lime; crown; borosilicate; aluminum oxynitride; sapphire; etc. Any glass material, whether now known or otherwise hereafter described in the art, may be alternatively, conjunctively or sequentially employed in order to achieve a substantially similar result.
  • projectile may refer to any object that may strike the surface of a optically transmissive armor assembly. These may include projectiles used to attack the integrity of the optically transmissive armor such as ballistic items (bullets, shrapnel, thrown objects such as bricks, stones and other similar objects) and self-propelled items (such as RPGs, missiles, and other rocket- like objects). Projectiles may also include objects used to directly strike the surface of the optically transmissive armor, such as, for example: bricks, bats, metal objects, stones, wooden clubs, etc. Finally, projectiles may also include other objects that come into contact with the surface of the optically transmissive armor. For example, if the optically transmissive armor is used as part of a vehicle and that vehicle were to be involved in an accident, portions of other vehicles, the road, buildings or other objects may strike the surface of the optically transmissive armor.
  • projectiles used to attack the integrity of the optically transmissive armor such as ballistic items (bullets, shrapnel,
  • facing layer 110 has a preferable thickness of about 1/8" ( ⁇ approximately 50%).
  • the principle structure consists of a plurality of thick layers of glass - as conventional glass layers are primarily used as kinetic depletion layers rather than as facing and blunting layers, as representatively disclosed and claimed in the instant application.
  • the glass material generally serves to merely blunt or otherwise deform a projectile that is striking its surface, as opposed to depleting a substantial fraction of the kinetic energy of the projectile.
  • glass facing layers in accordance with the instant invention may be relatively thin compared to those of the conventional art.
  • a thinner layer of glass material is preferable because it significantly reduces the weight of the armor assembly without substantially decreasing penetration impedance, and simultaneously provides improved optical characteristics and retention of localized structural integrity after the armor assembly is struck by a projectile.
  • the present invention weighs considerably less than that of conventional transparent armor alternatives. Optical clarity after a projectile strike (i.e., hit proximity performance) is also improved. As the thickness of the glass facing material decreases, the damaged area (i.e., hit radius) and glass loss also decreases. For example, the glass loss in a 1/8" facing is only about 1" diameter; however, with 1/4" glass, this area extends out to roughly 3" in diameter or greater. Accordingly, after a hit on a thinner layer of glass, less of the material's optical characteristics will have been compromised.
  • the optical occlusion of conventional transparent armor extends out over a 6" radius from any given hit.
  • Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention present an occluded area of only about 1.5" radius under similar conditions.
  • Second hit capability i.e., the ability of the optically transmissive armor assembly to stop a projectile that strikes its surface in close proximity to the location of a prior hit
  • Second hit capability is substantially improved due to the minimized glass loss that results from use of thinner layers of glass facing.
  • the glass loss area after a first hit is greatly weakened and will not provide much protection against a second hit. Accordingly, it is preferable to employ a thinner layer of glass material in the facing layer 110, thereby minimizing the amount of glass loss.
  • the kinetic layer 100 of the optically transmissive armor generally comprises a tough, semi-rigid material having a high cut and puncture resistance capable of catching the blunted projectile by depleting its kinetic energy.
  • a single casting of a clean, hard urethane polymer is an exemplary material that may be employed in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.
  • Hard urethane has demonstrated ease of casting and superb close hit capability.
  • Other materials having similar characteristics e.g., polycarbonate and acrylic, whether now known or otherwise hereafter described in the art, may be alternatively, conjunctively or sequentially employed to achieve a substantially similar result.
  • interspersed kinetic layers 200, 220, 240 may comprise 1/4" polycarbonate optionally interleaved with relatively thin layers of urethane 210, 230.
  • an optically transmissive armor substantially comprising polymer and elastomeric layers having various other thickness dimensions in combination with a relatively thin, hard facing layer 250.
  • the layers' dimensions may be altered by up to approximately ⁇ 50% and still provide significant performance improvement over the conventional art.
  • the ratio of the facing ⁇ inetic thickness dimensions maybe significantly, which may be alternatively, conjunctively or sequentially employed to achieve a substantial benefit over the conventional art. It will also be appreciated that different thickness ratios will produce different armor characteristics that are uniquely adapted for particular threats or operating environments.
  • the facing may comprise more than one sheet of material 310, 320, 330 overlying a relatively thicker kinetic layer 300.
  • Suitable configurations of the facing may comprise two sheets of glass material 310, 320; or the facing may comprise more than two sheets of glass material 310, 320, 330.
  • the facing material may be significantly altered and still provide substantial benefit over the conventional art.
  • a first layer 410 maybe substantially articulated. Facing layer 410 may be articulated with a plurality of tile elements 420.
  • Tile elements 420 may comprise different shapes, including, for example: discrete tiles (as generally depicted in Figure 4); spheres; polyhedra; cylinders; and/or regular solids. Marbles ⁇ e.g., spheres) have been demonstrated as an efficient tile element material (with net area density calculated in the range of 10-12 lbs/ft 2 ); however, even plate glass (1/4" to 1/2" thick) mosaics have demonstrated themselves to be quite efficient with densities in the 14 lbs/ft 2 range.
  • An exemplary glass/polymer composite embodiment comprises borosilicate glass
  • the index of refraction match can be nearly perfect (within a given temperature range). This limit of temperature range may preclude the use of sphere tile elements, but flat mosaics may be useful under similar conditions. Although it is generally preferable to match the indices of refraction for certain applications, substantial benefit may be derived from an optically transmissive armor where the indices of refraction are dissimilar. For example, even with mis-matched indices of refraction, optically transmissive armor would still function well under a variety of conditions in diverse operating environments.
  • the facing may comprise more than one layer of substantially articulated glass material 510, 530, 540.
  • the articulation may be accomplished via a plurality of tile elements 520.
  • Tile elements 520 may comprise different shapes, including, for example: discrete tiles (as generally depicted in Figure 5); spheres; polyhedra; cylinders; and/or regular solids.
  • boundaries 525 of tile elements 520 in the sheets of glass facing 540, 530, 510 may be suitably configured so as not to substantially overlap. Such a configuration may find particular utility in specific applications where the boundaries 525 of tiles 520 are generally less able to blunt or deform a projectile than the normal substantially unitary surface of tiles 520 themselves.
  • a projectile strike a boundary 525 of a tile 520 the projectile may not be sufficiently blunted such that the kinetic layer 500 can effectively stop or otherwise impede the projectile.
  • the projectile By offsetting overlap of boundaries 525, it will be unlikely that a projectile could have sufficient kinetic energy and angle-of-attack to pass through a substantial linear distance of kinetic material having first squarely struck any given boundary 525 of facing tiles 520.
  • Substantial benefit may be derived for configurations of the facing layer(s) where some sheets of facing material are substantially articulated and others are not.
  • the first layer of facing material 540 presented to a projectile may not be articulated, but the other sheets of facing material may be articulated - thereby minimizing glass loss within those layers, as well as reducing construction complexity and fabrication costs.
  • the facing may comprise more than one layer of glass material 610, 620, 630.
  • Overlying facing layer 630 may be substantially contiguous, so as to prevent or otherwise impede dirt and/or other materials from lodging in the interstitial regions between the tile elements of articulated layers 610, 620.
  • Tile elements may comprise different shapes, including, for example: discrete tiles/blocks (as generally depicted in Figure 6); spheres; polyhedra; cylinders; and/or regular solids.
  • the boundary edges between the tile elements in the articulated sheets of glass facing 610, 620 may be suitably configured so as to substantially overlap. Such a configuration may find particular utility in specific applications where optically clarity is to be maximized - especially where the indices of refraction between the tile elements (as well as between overlying and underlying layers) can be well-matched.
  • Optically transmissive armor composite assemblies in accordance with various embodiments disclosed herein, may be constructed using vacuum and autoclave processes of laminate stack-ups.
  • the stacks may comprise a combination of multi- layered thick glass, polymeric inner-layers and polymeric backing.
  • the composite laminate assembly may then be heated and cooled under pressure.
  • Various other embodiments of the present invention may also be cast with conventional equipment.
  • any method or process claim may be executed in any order and are not limited to the specific order presented in the claims.
  • the components and/or elements recited in any apparatus embodiment may be assembled or otherwise operationally configured in a variety of permutations to produce substantially the same result as the present invention and are accordingly not limited to the specific configuration recited in the claims.
  • Benefits, other advantages and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to particular embodiments; however, any benefit, advantage, solution to problem or any element that may cause any particular benefit, advantage or solution to occur or to become more pronounced are not to be construed as critical, required or essential features or components of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un exemple d’appareil proposant un matériau composite de blindage sensiblement transparent/translucide d’un point de vue optique ayant : une première couche (110) d’un matériau transparent dur (à savoir, une couche de revêtement en verre) adaptée pour une liaison avec une seconde couche (100) de support en polymère (à savoir, une couche cinétique) et une couche de matériau de liaison élastomère disposée entre la première couche (110) et la seconde couche (100). Les caractéristiques et spécifications de la présente invention peuvent être commandées, adaptées ou éventuellement être autrement modifiées de diverses manières pour améliorer et/ou modifier les caractéristiques de performance du composite de blindage transparent/translucide. Les exemples de modes de réalisation de la présente invention proposent généralement un blindage léger transparent/translucide pour un usage comme, par exemple, des fenêtres à l'épreuve des balles pour des véhicules et des bâtiments.
PCT/US2005/044050 2004-12-03 2005-12-05 Composite de blindage a transmission optique Ceased WO2007058665A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007545551A JP2008522874A (ja) 2004-12-03 2005-12-05 光学的透過性のある防護具用複合材
EP05858577A EP1828705A4 (fr) 2004-12-03 2005-12-05 Composite de blindage a transmission optique
CA002592452A CA2592452A1 (fr) 2004-12-03 2005-12-05 Composite de blindage a transmission optique
IL183482A IL183482A0 (en) 2004-12-03 2007-05-28 Optically transmissive armor composite

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US63336504P 2004-12-03 2004-12-03
US60/633,365 2004-12-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007058665A2 true WO2007058665A2 (fr) 2007-05-24
WO2007058665A3 WO2007058665A3 (fr) 2007-11-15

Family

ID=38049095

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2005/044050 Ceased WO2007058665A2 (fr) 2004-12-03 2005-12-05 Composite de blindage a transmission optique

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20080092729A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1828705A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008522874A (fr)
KR (1) KR20070107678A (fr)
CA (1) CA2592452A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL183482A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007058665A2 (fr)

Cited By (6)

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WO2009011951A3 (fr) * 2007-04-23 2009-04-23 L Livermore Nat Security Llc Armure transparente en mosaïque
DE102010042812B3 (de) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-05 Schott Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schutzvorrichtung
US8297168B2 (en) 2005-06-10 2012-10-30 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Transparent ceramic composite
EP2589483A1 (fr) * 2011-11-02 2013-05-08 EUROCOPTER DEUTSCHLAND GmbH Composite multi-couches résistant aux chocs et aux impacts ainsi que méthode pour sa fabrication
US8685161B2 (en) 2004-04-08 2014-04-01 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Method of forming a sapphire crystal using a melt fixture including thermal shields having a stepped configuration
US11047650B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-06-29 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Transparent composite having a laminated structure

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US8176829B1 (en) 2007-03-21 2012-05-15 Schott Corporation Armor system and method of manufacture
US8603616B1 (en) 2007-09-27 2013-12-10 Schott Corporation Lightweight transparent armor window
US20090258974A1 (en) * 2008-02-06 2009-10-15 Edwin Slagel Optically transmissive resilient polymers and methods of manufacture
FR2932411B1 (fr) * 2008-06-12 2011-01-21 Saint Gobain Vitrage a resistance aux balles augmentee
US8176831B2 (en) * 2009-04-10 2012-05-15 Nova Research, Inc. Armor plate
US20110088541A1 (en) * 2009-10-20 2011-04-21 Linda Ruth Pinckney Transparent armour having improved ballistic properties
US20110203452A1 (en) * 2010-02-19 2011-08-25 Nova Research, Inc. Armor plate
US8695476B2 (en) 2011-03-14 2014-04-15 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Armor plate with shock wave absorbing properties
CO2017012225A1 (es) 2017-08-23 2018-02-20 Agp America Sa Blindaje transparente multi impacto
US10690451B2 (en) * 2017-09-17 2020-06-23 Kris McKenna Transparent projectile-proof panes, devices and methods
US20200025527A1 (en) * 2017-09-17 2020-01-23 Tardigrade Industries Transparent Projectile Proof Panels, Devices and Methods
WO2020055457A1 (fr) * 2018-09-10 2020-03-19 Mckenna Kris Dispositifs, procédés et panneaux transparents résistant aux projectiles

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8685161B2 (en) 2004-04-08 2014-04-01 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Method of forming a sapphire crystal using a melt fixture including thermal shields having a stepped configuration
US9926645B2 (en) 2004-04-08 2018-03-27 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Method of forming a single crystal sheet using a die having a thermal gradient along its length
US9963800B2 (en) 2004-04-08 2018-05-08 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Method of making a sapphire component including machining a sapphire single crystal
US8297168B2 (en) 2005-06-10 2012-10-30 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Transparent ceramic composite
WO2009011951A3 (fr) * 2007-04-23 2009-04-23 L Livermore Nat Security Llc Armure transparente en mosaïque
DE102010042812B3 (de) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-05 Schott Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schutzvorrichtung
US8568550B2 (en) 2010-10-22 2013-10-29 Schott Ag Method for the production of a protection device
EP2589483A1 (fr) * 2011-11-02 2013-05-08 EUROCOPTER DEUTSCHLAND GmbH Composite multi-couches résistant aux chocs et aux impacts ainsi que méthode pour sa fabrication
US11047650B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-06-29 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Transparent composite having a laminated structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007058665A3 (fr) 2007-11-15
EP1828705A2 (fr) 2007-09-05
IL183482A0 (en) 2007-09-20
US20080092729A1 (en) 2008-04-24
EP1828705A4 (fr) 2009-11-11
JP2008522874A (ja) 2008-07-03
CA2592452A1 (fr) 2007-05-24
KR20070107678A (ko) 2007-11-07

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