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WO2007055588A1 - Système de compensation antifuites - Google Patents

Système de compensation antifuites Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007055588A1
WO2007055588A1 PCT/NO2006/000406 NO2006000406W WO2007055588A1 WO 2007055588 A1 WO2007055588 A1 WO 2007055588A1 NO 2006000406 W NO2006000406 W NO 2006000406W WO 2007055588 A1 WO2007055588 A1 WO 2007055588A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vessel
compensating unit
transformer
piping
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2006/000406
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Olav Haram
Ola SKRØVSETH
Harald Amt Friisk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydro Energi AS
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Produksjon AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Produksjon AS filed Critical Norsk Hydro Produksjon AS
Publication of WO2007055588A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007055588A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/12—Oil cooling
    • H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a subsea transformer system comprising a large transformer contained in a vessel.
  • Modern oil and gas production increasingly relies on subsea installations wherein the collection, separation, boosting, and transport of production fluids takes place on the seabed.
  • This process requires large amounts of power that has to be transferred from a remote location at suitable voltages and currents for minimum power loss, to the subsea equipment.
  • the transport of this power preferably takes place at high voltages and low current to ensure minimum losses.
  • the power arrives at the subsea location, the power has to be transformed into more usable voltages and currents for the various specific subsea applications, such as the powering of pumps, compressors etc.
  • the large power requirements results in the need of large transformers that have to be contained in a protective environment inside a large vessel.
  • the transformer vessel must be filled with an insulating medium that ensures optimal working conditions for the transformer over many years.
  • the preferred insulating medium comprises transformer oil that contributes towards dissipating heat and preventing shorts and flashovers.
  • the size of the transformer warrants an oil filled vessel with a size in the order of 10-50 cubic meters, containing 10-50 000 litres of transformer oil.
  • the heat produced by the transformer and the properties of typical transformer oil results in an oil expansion in the order of cubic metres. This expansion has to be handled in some way by an expansion system. As the size of a transformer vessel increases, the problems of expansion also increase, posing a need for new solutions.
  • US 2004051615 relates to a system for distribution of electric power between a transmission system and local consumers, especially in a subsea environment.
  • the system includes a transformer arranged in a first chamber, said first chamber being filled with an insulating medium, and a distribution unit arranged a second chamber, said second chamber also being filled with an insulating medium, the insulating medium in the first chamber being separated from the insulating medium in the second chamber.
  • the system comprises a first volume compensation device for equalising the pressure between the insulating media in the two units, and a second volume compensation device for equalising the pressure between the units and ambient salt water.
  • the system thus comprises a two step volume compensation system comprising at least two different volume devices, the first volume compensation device comprising a flexible membrane, and the second volume compensation device comprising a compensating unit including a flexible membrane and/or a piston.
  • the system according to US 2004051615 does not offer the possibility of exchanging failed components.
  • Fig. 1 shows a principal outline of one possible embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a large transformer 1 contained in a vessel 2.
  • the capacity of the transformer 1 is typically in the range of 10-100 MW, and the vessel 2 has a size in the order of 10-50 cubic meters.
  • the vessel is filled with an insulating medium 3, and according to one embodiment of the present invention the insulating medium 3 comprises hygroscopic transformer oil that maintains its required electric properties even with significant water content.
  • Typical transformer oil may contain 2.5-3.5 % water without losing its properties.
  • the thermal expansion of the oil will typically result in a volume increase in the order of 1-2 cubic meter, i.e. 1000-2000 litres.
  • one or more compensating units 4 are provided in the vicinity of the vessel 2, the compensating unit or units 4 standing in fluid communication with the vessel 2 through one or more pipes 6.
  • the capacity and dimensions of the pipe or pipes 6 are such that the expanding volume only will displace parts of the fluid in the pipe or pipes 6.
  • the pipe or pipes 6 are configured to form an oil lock 7, and the system may also comprise one or more buffer tanks 8, preferably in the vicinity of the oil lock 7.
  • the buffer tanks 8 are not required, the important point is that the combined volume of the compensating unit(s) 4, pipe(s) 6, and possible buffer tank(s) 8, is correctly dimensioned compared to the differential volume in the main vessel 2 when the system is shut down and carrying full load.
  • the volume of the compensating unit(s) 4 and the piping 6 on the outside of the so-called oil lock 7 as compared to the vessel 2 must at least correspond to the differential volume in the main vessel 2 when the system is down and fully operational.
  • the transformer is unenergized and the oil 3 inside the vessel 2 and the compensating system is cooled to the ambient sea water temperature around the entire transformer system.
  • the compensating unit 4 may typically comprise a bellow 9 of some flexible material, a piston or the like.
  • the compensating unit 4 will constitute the most vulnerable element in the system, due to the nature of the construction of e.g. a bellow and the necessary continuous flexing or movements that may result in fatigue failure of e.g. the bellow 9 or some other leak path.
  • the compensating unit or units 4 must be able to handle the abovementioned volume increase, and in one embodiment the system will comprise 2 compensating units 4 of the bellow type, each with an expansion volume of 1000-2000 litres.
  • the compensating units 4 are each provided with a shut-off valve 5, and the system is configured to work with either one of the compensating units 4 alone, or both of the compensating units 4. This configuration ensures redundancy, and by working both expansions units at the same time, the bellows 9 only need to work within a limited range, thus reducing the chances for fatigue failure.
  • the system allows for leaks in one or both of the compensating units, without risking a system failure.
  • the configuration of the system is robust enough to allow for e.g. a full bellow rupture, without water migrating rapidly into the vessel 2, mixing with transformer oil and causing a short in the transformer 1.
  • the configuration of the system allows the system to run at full capacity for extended periods of time even with a considerable leak in the compensating unit. This is achieved by the dimension and capacity of the piping connecting the vessel 2 with the compensating units 4, and the abovementioned oil lock 7.
  • the oil lock 7 is provided by a pipe loop that extends above both the vessel 2 and the compensating unit or units 4, thereby trapping transformer oil and blocking water from permeating through the oil in the pipe from the compensating unit and into the vessel 2.
  • the part of the piping that extends from the compensating unit to the oil lock 7, must have sufficient volume to contain all of the water in a fully ruptured compensating unit, even if the temperature of the transformer oil should drop down to the ambient sea water temperature and the volume of the oil thereby is reduced by approximately 1000-2000 litres, i.e. the volume of this part of the piping, possibly in combination with a buffer tank 8, must exceed 1000-2000 litres.
  • the opening 10 of the piping 6 into the vessel 2 is preferably arranged below the transformer, whereby water penetrating into the vessel 2 may rapidly collect in the sump 12 without having to sink through and disperse into the transformer oil 3. Since the oils used most often are lighter than water, an oil-water interface 11 will form on the compensating unit side of the oil lock 7 if a failure should arise in one or both of the compensating units, and this interface in combination with the considerable volume of the piping on each side of the oil lock 7, will prevent
  • a water filtering unit 14 can be fitted.
  • water is filtered out using for example silicon dioxide or a similar absorbent. 5
  • the operator may decide to permanently shut down the leaking compensating unit by closing its shut-off valve 5, or replace the malfunctioning compensating unit with a new unit by first shutting off its shut-off valve, disconnecting o the unit, and installing a new unit. If the system comprises two compensating units 4 and a leak is found in both of them, an event that is considered to be rather unlikely, the operator may shut down one of the faulty compensating units by closing its shut-off valve 5, letting the other unit continue to operate while the first compensating unit is being re- 5 placed, then either shutting off the other faulty unit permanently, or carrying out the further necessary steps to replace the other unit as well.
  • the compensating units may comprise an indication system, e.g. a float o in combination with a meter.
  • the shut-off valve in connection with a compensating unit may be shut off at the same time as a reading is made of the meter.
  • the compensating unit is then left alone for prolonged period, e.g. 24 hrs or a week, and then a new reading is made. If the
  • meter has climbed, this indicates that the compensating unit has a leak.
  • the 5 same procedure may then be carried out with the other unit.
  • the operation of the shut-off valve and the reading of the meter is preferably carried out by a ROV.
  • an electronic measuring system that may be. monitored from the surface, but use of such devices in combination with power supplies, transmitters, wires etc., is considered to introduce more o potential sources of error.
  • Other methods for detecting introduction of water in the system may also be used, e.g. electric measurements of the transformer that reveals reduced insulation of the transformer due to elevated levels of water in the insulating medium 3. Such methods usually require that the system is out of operation for a period of time. 5
  • the main vessel 2 may be provided with a water sump 12 that collects water if the water content in the insulating medium exceeds the level that it is able to hold on to and water precipitates from the insulating medium 3. The precipitating water will then descend in the vessel and collect in the sump, 0 ensuring further operation of the transformer for a prolonged period of time until the next revision or periodic inspection.
  • the sump may also be equipped with a water level meter that may be read from the outside by the ROV.
  • the vessel may also be provided with an external connection 13 that may be used for draining the contaminated transformer oil from the vessel. By connecting suitable tubes to the muff 13 and connection points between the compensating units 4 and piping 6, the contaminated transformer oil may be circulated out of the vessel, and replaced with new fresh oil.
  • the system does not require any parts of the system to be completely waterproof to ensure continued optimal operation.
  • the system comprises several "lines of defence" against penetrating water.
  • the first line of defence is the unbroken barrier of an intact system.
  • the second line of defence is the combined dimension of the compensating unit(s) 4 and the piping 6 on the outside of the oil lock 7, possibly in combination with one or more buffer tanks 8.
  • the third line of defence is the oil lock 7, the configuration of which makes the penetration and passing of water from a possible faulty compensating unit 4 into the vessel 2 difficult.
  • the fourth line of defence may comprise the water filter 14.
  • the fifth line of defence is the hygroscopic transformer oil 3 that constitutes the insulating medium in the system, and ensures full operation of the system over prolonged periods of time, even if some water is allowed into the system.
  • a "prolonged period of time" in this context may be a period of one or two years.
  • the sixth line of defence may be the water sump 12, ensuring that free water precipitating out of water saturated oil 3 is collected at the bottom of the vessel 2, further delaying the time that water level ascends in the vessel, finally reaching the transformer windings and causing full system breakdown. Since the system is able to function at full capacity for such prolonged periods of time even with for example a fully ruptured compensating unit 4, the operator is given ample time to remedy the problem if he even finds is necessary. If a revision or periodic inspection reveals a leak towards the end of the system life, the operator may even ignore the leak because he knows the various lines of defences will ensure that the system will outlast the system lifetime.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention vise un système de transformateur sous-marin comprenant un grand transformateur (1) contenu dans un récipient (2), le récipient (2) étant rempli d’un milieu isolant (3), le système comprenant en outre au moins une unité de compensation (4), ladite/lesdites unité(s) de compensation (4) étant agencée(s) pour gérer les variations de volume du milieu isolant (3) dues aux phénomènes de dilatation et contraction thermique, ladite/lesdites unité(s) de compensation (4) étant en communication fluide avec le récipient (2) par une tuyauterie (6). Le système se caractérise en ce que la tuyauterie (6) est configurée pour former un barrage d’huile (7) entre le récipient (2) et ladite/lesdites unité(s) de compensation (4), tandis que le volume combiné de ladite/lesdites unité(s) de compensation (4) et la tuyauterie (6) sur l’extérieur du barrage d’huile (7) par rapport au récipient (2) correspond à la différence de volume de milieu isolant (3) dans le récipient principal (2) quand le système est à l’arrêt et quand le système fonctionne à plein débit.
PCT/NO2006/000406 2005-11-11 2006-11-10 Système de compensation antifuites Ceased WO2007055588A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20055354A NO324576B1 (no) 2005-11-11 2005-11-11 Arrangement for undervannstransformator
NO20055354 2005-11-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007055588A1 true WO2007055588A1 (fr) 2007-05-18

Family

ID=35520207

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2006/000406 Ceased WO2007055588A1 (fr) 2005-11-11 2006-11-10 Système de compensation antifuites

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO324576B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007055588A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2169690A1 (fr) 2008-09-24 2010-03-31 ABB Technology AG Compensateur de pression
EP2704162A1 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-05 ABB Technology AG Compensateur de pression
EP2925102A1 (fr) * 2014-03-28 2015-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Détection d'une défaillance d'un compensateur de pression
EP2924231A1 (fr) * 2014-03-28 2015-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de compensation de pression
EP3343575A1 (fr) * 2016-12-28 2018-07-04 ABB Schweiz AG Compensateur de pression d'une installation sous-marine
CN108594874A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-09-28 卧龙电气银川变压器有限公司 一种变压器静压罐自动补油装置
CN111370206B (zh) * 2020-05-10 2021-05-28 佛山市泰立电子有限公司 一种变压器内部电路自动保护装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103745808B (zh) * 2014-01-06 2016-01-06 国家电网公司 带有无线远程控制主变免更换吸湿剂的呼吸器及控制方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US945688A (en) * 1909-03-16 1910-01-04 Elihu Bozarth Wheel.
US6456179B1 (en) * 1998-06-02 2002-09-24 Merger Recipient Abb Oy Transformer
DE10127276A1 (de) * 2001-05-28 2003-01-23 Siemens Ag Unterwassertransformator und Verfahren zum Anpassen des Drucks im Außenkessel eines Unterwassertransformators
US20040051615A1 (en) * 2000-11-14 2004-03-18 Gunnar Hafskjold System for distribution of electric power

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US945688A (en) * 1909-03-16 1910-01-04 Elihu Bozarth Wheel.
US6456179B1 (en) * 1998-06-02 2002-09-24 Merger Recipient Abb Oy Transformer
US20040051615A1 (en) * 2000-11-14 2004-03-18 Gunnar Hafskjold System for distribution of electric power
DE10127276A1 (de) * 2001-05-28 2003-01-23 Siemens Ag Unterwassertransformator und Verfahren zum Anpassen des Drucks im Außenkessel eines Unterwassertransformators

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2169690A1 (fr) 2008-09-24 2010-03-31 ABB Technology AG Compensateur de pression
EP2169691A1 (fr) 2008-09-24 2010-03-31 ABB Technology AG Compensateur de pression
US8439080B2 (en) 2008-09-24 2013-05-14 Abb Technology Ag Pressure compensator
US8549924B2 (en) 2008-09-24 2013-10-08 Abb Technology Ag Pressure compensator
EP2704162A1 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-05 ABB Technology AG Compensateur de pression
WO2014033063A1 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-06 Abb Technology Ag Compensateur de pression
US9759241B2 (en) 2012-08-29 2017-09-12 Abb Schweiz Ag Pressure compensator
RU2590886C1 (ru) * 2012-08-29 2016-07-10 Абб Текнолоджи Аг Компенсатор давления
US20150277452A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Knut Schonhowd Kristensen Pressure Compensation System
WO2015144437A1 (fr) 2014-03-28 2015-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Détection de défaillance de compensateur de pression
EP2924231A1 (fr) * 2014-03-28 2015-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système de compensation de pression
US9570224B2 (en) 2014-03-28 2017-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pressure compensation system
US20170055356A1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2017-02-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pressure compensator failure detection
EP2925102A1 (fr) * 2014-03-28 2015-09-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Détection d'une défaillance d'un compensateur de pression
EP3343575A1 (fr) * 2016-12-28 2018-07-04 ABB Schweiz AG Compensateur de pression d'une installation sous-marine
WO2018122152A1 (fr) * 2016-12-28 2018-07-05 Abb Schweiz Ag Compensateur de pression d'une installation sous-marine
US11212931B2 (en) 2016-12-28 2021-12-28 Abb Schweiz Ag Subsea installation
CN108594874A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2018-09-28 卧龙电气银川变压器有限公司 一种变压器静压罐自动补油装置
CN111370206B (zh) * 2020-05-10 2021-05-28 佛山市泰立电子有限公司 一种变压器内部电路自动保护装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20055354D0 (no) 2005-11-11
NO324576B1 (no) 2007-11-26
NO20055354L (no) 2007-05-14

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