WO2007052481A1 - Ground supporting force test equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] A plate loading tester is generally used in ground supporting force test, but the entire tester is bulky to increase manufacturing costs and the test time per one point. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A ground supporting force test equipment comprising a stool (1) of such a size as allowing a person to mount thereon, a piston (2) integrated onto the stool (1), a pressure means (3) for pushing down the moving element (25) of the piston (2), a means (4) for measuring the pressure of the pressure means (3), a rod-like body (5) fixed to the moving element (25) of the piston (2) and penetrating into the ground (G) as the moving element (25) moves downward, and a means (6) for measuring penetration depth of the body (5) into the ground (G). Since ground supporting force can be calculated from the measurements of pressure and penetration when a person mounts on the stool (1) and the body (5) is pushed down by the pressure means (3) for penetration into the ground (G), ground supporting force test can be carried out in a short time while requiring reduced manufacturing costs.

Description

 Specification

 Ground bearing capacity test equipment

 Technical field

 [0001] The present invention relates to a ground bearing capacity test apparatus for measuring the bearing capacity of the ground when a structure such as a building or a retaining wall is constructed or road II is installed. Background art

 [0002] For example, when constructing a structure such as a building or a retaining wall or paving a road, it is preferable to measure the supporting force of the ground of the planned construction site in advance.

 [0003] As a typical example of a device for measuring this kind of ground supporting force, there is a flat plate loading test device as shown in FIG. 15, for example. The known flat plate loading test apparatus shown in FIG. 15 includes a loading plate 101 having a diameter of about 30 cm, a hydraulic jack 102 (integrated with the loading plate 101) for pushing down the loading plate 101, and a hydraulic pressure for the jack. A pump 103, a pressure gauge 104 that measures the output of the hydraulic pump 103, and a settlement amount measuring instrument 106 that generally measures the settlement amount of the loading plate 101 (four dial gauges are generally used) 106. . A known example of this type of flat plate loading test apparatus is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-296159 (Patent Document 1).

The known flat plate loading test apparatus shown in FIG. 15 is used as follows. That is, at the place where the ground support force should be measured, a loading plate 101 with a hydraulic jack 102 is placed on the ground G, and a heavy load 110 (for example, a heavy machine such as a heavy machine) is placed on the hydraulic jack 102. The hydraulic jack 102 is extended by the hydraulic pump 103 in a state where the jack can receive the reaction force of the jack. At this time, the output of the hydraulic pump 103 (extension force of the hydraulic jack 102) is increased to a predetermined pressure according to the test purpose (in the precision test, staged loading may be performed in which the planned maximum load is equally divided into multiple stages. The pressure is maintained for a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes). When the loading plate 101 is pushed down by the hydraulic jack 102, the loading plate 101 sinks from the ground surface. At that time, the pushing force (extension side pressure) of the hydraulic jack 102 is reduced, but the pressure gauge 104 is used for a predetermined test time. Increase the pressure while looking at it and keep it at the specified pressure. Then, the settling amount of the loading plate 101 after the predetermined test time has elapsed It is measured by the quantity measuring device 106, and the ground bearing capacity is calculated from the measured settlement amount. The ground bearing force is calculated by dividing the pressure of the hydraulic jack 102 measured by the pressure gauge 104 by the amount of settlement of the loading plate 101 measured by the settlement amount measuring instrument 106.

 [0005] In the staged loading test, after the test with the first stage load is completed for each location, the test is sequentially performed in multiple steps from the second stage load to the maximum planned load. In this case, it takes about 30 minutes at a time X time for each test). Also, if the site where the ground bearing capacity is to be measured is a large area or a long distance, measure multiple locations by dividing them into appropriate area ranges (or length ranges).

 [0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-296159

 Disclosure of the invention

 Problems to be solved by the invention

[0007] However, although the above-described conventional flat plate loading test apparatus can measure the ground supporting force relatively accurately, it has the following problems.

[0008] (1) Since it is necessary to sink the loading plate 101 having a relatively large area (diameter of about 30 cm) into the ground, a testing device that requires a large force (for example, a high-power hydraulic jack-related device) Is used, the equipment cost becomes high.

[0009] (2) If the test equipment is large, the movement of the entire test equipment (including heavy machinery that becomes a heavy load) will become a large force and the setting becomes complicated each time the test location is changed. Moreover, the time cost becomes high because they require a long time.

[0010] (3) In general, a heavy load body (for example, heavy machinery) is used as a reaction force receiver for a hydraulic jack, but heavy machinery (heavy load body) is used in places where the ground bearing capacity test location is narrow. Carrying in can be difficult.

[0011] (4) Since the test time per site is long, the labor cost for the ground bearing capacity test is high and the test period is long.

[0012] It should be noted that the construction site has a wide variety of geology, and if the number of test sites is reduced in a large area or a long-distance construction site, etc., there may be sites where the ground support capacity is low at locations not tested.

May cause troubles at a later date. Also, in relatively small-scale construction, there are many cases where the construction cost is not high enough to perform the large-scale flat plate loading test as described above. The main work may be carried out without carrying the bearing capacity test, but in that case, the safety may be impaired.

 [0013] Therefore, the present invention has an object to provide a ground bearing capacity test apparatus that can measure the ground bearing capacity simply and inexpensively in a short time, although the accuracy of the ground bearing capacity test is slightly inferior. It is what.

 Means for solving the problem

 The present invention has the following configuration as means for solving the above problems. The invention of the present application is directed to a ground bearing capacity test apparatus for measuring the bearing capacity of the ground.

 [0015] The invention of claim 1 of the present application

 The ground supporting force test apparatus according to the invention of claim 1 of the present invention is such that a movable body can move up and down in a platform that is large enough to be placed on a person and in a cylinder that cannot be lifted on the platform. The piston, the pressure means for pushing down the movable body of the piston, the pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the pressure means, and indirectly or directly connected to the movable body of the piston and moving into the ground by the downward movement of the movable body It is composed of a thin rod-shaped approaching body that enters, and an approach amount measuring means that measures the amount of approaching object's underground approach.

[0016] For the step board, a steel plate / hard plastic 'wood or other rigid plate material such as wood is used. A plate-made step can be formed into a suitable shape such as a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, or a quadrangle, and a frame-like step can be formed into a square frame or a parallel bar. The size of this platform is sufficient if it has a diameter (or left and right length) of about 40 to 50 cm, and there is enough space for placing a person's feet with the piston standing on the platform. In addition, even a platform made of frame material in the shape of a square frame or a parallel bar will be constructed so that both feet can be placed on it. It is advisable to attach a level to detect the level of the step on the upper surface of the step.

[0017] The platform may be fixed to the piston cylinder (including indirectly fixed via a spacer) or detachably combined with the piston cylinder. It's okay. In addition, if the platform can be removably combined with the piston cylinder, the platform and the piston cylinder (or the spacer fixed to the piston cylinder) are moved to the test site and bolts, nuts, etc. It can be fixed or the platform is on the flange at the lower end of the piston cylinder (if the spacer is fixed to the cylinder lower end, the lower end of the spacer You can simply place it on the top).

 [0018] As long as the movable body can move up and down in a cylindrical body having an appropriate height, for example, a hydraulic (or hydraulic) jack, an air jack, or a manual pressing type piston can be used. . The standing position of the piston cylinder is preferably the center of the step, but may be a position deviated from the center of the step. In the case where the step is installed on the lower surface of the piston cylinder, a hole capable of moving the entry body up and down is formed at the cylinder mounting position on the step.

 [0019] The pressure means may be any means that can push down the movable body of the piston by pressure. For example, if the piston is a hydraulic jack, a hydraulic pump can be used as the pressure means, if the jack is an air jack, an air pump can be used as the pressure means, and if the piston is a manual pressure type, a coil panel can be used as the pressure means. .

 [0020] The pressure measuring means measures the pressure of the pressure means. If the pressure means is a hydraulic pump or a heat pump, a pressure gauge is used as the pressure measuring means. If the pressure means is a coil panel, the compression of the coil panel is used. A scale plate for measuring the amount can be used.

 [0021] The intruder is a steel straight rod, and is not particularly limited, but may have any diameter as long as it has a diameter of about 5 to 50 mm and a length of about 100 mm that can enter the ground (total length is 150 mm). mm is enough). The entry body is attached so as to protrude below the movable piston body. It is also possible to prepare several types of intruders with different thicknesses, and use different types of intruders depending on the supporting force of the ground to be measured. In that case, use a thicker approaching body for soft ground.

 [0022] The approach amount measuring means measures an approach amount of the approaching body into the ground, and a scale plate that can visually recognize the approaching body's underground approaching amount from the outside can be used.

 [0023] Then, in the ground supporting force test device according to claim 1 of the present application, in the ground supporting force test portion, a person is placed on the platform, and the approaching body is pushed down through the movable body by the pressure means, and the approaching body is placed in the ground. The ground support force can be calculated from the pressure measurement amount measured by the pressure measurement means and the approach measurement amount measured by the approach amount measurement means.

[0024] In addition, when using the ground bearing capacity testing device of the present application, each ground bearing capacity based on a plurality of pressure amounts of the pressure means and a plurality of ground approach amounts of the approaching body is preliminarily made into a data map by experiment. Actual pressure measurement and pressure measurement measured by pressure measurement means It is better to be able to obtain the ground bearing capacity instantly from the actual approach measurement measured by the means using the data map! /.

 [0025] By the way, when using the ground bearing capacity testing device of the present application, when the approaching body enters the ground with the pressure of the pressure means (hydraulic pump, air pump, manual compression type coil panel, etc.) The reaction force (approach resistance) is generated in the body and acts to lift the cylinder and the platform of the piston. However, the approach body used in the ground bearing capacity test device of the present application has a small diameter (5 to 50 mm). Therefore, the reaction force (entrance resistance) when entering the ground is relatively small. In addition, when using this ground bearing capacity test device, a person is placed on the platform, so that the lifting of the moving body against the piston cylinder and platform that occurs when entering the ground can be prevented by the human weight. .

 [0026] The invention of claim 2 of the present application

 The ground bearing capacity testing device of the invention of claim 2 of the present application is obtained by changing the step board in claim 1 to a chair.

 [0027] The ground supporting force test apparatus according to claim 2 is configured such that a movable body can move up and down in a chair on which a person can sit in a seated state and a cylinder fixed downward on the lower surface of the seat portion of the chair. The piston, the pressure means for pushing down the movable body of the piston, the pressure measuring means for measuring the pressure of the pressure means, and indirectly or directly connected to the movable body of the piston. It is configured to include a thin rod-shaped approaching body that enters, and an approaching amount measuring means that measures the amount of approaching the approaching object into the ground!

 [0028] The seat portion of the chair is of a size that allows a person to sit down, and of a normal height such that the sole of the chair sits on the ground while sitting on the seat portion.

 [0029] The piston, the pressure measuring means, the approaching body, the intrusion amount measuring means, etc. in the ground supporting force test apparatus of claim 2 can each use the one described in claim 1 above. In the case of Claim 2, it is preferable to use a fluid pressure pump such as a hydraulic pump or an air pump as the pressure means. (Because the piston is on the lower surface of the seat portion of the chair, the pressure means is a manual compression type. The coil panel is unsuitable).

[0030] Then, in the ground supporting force test apparatus according to claim 2, a person sits on the ground supporting force test portion and pushes down the approaching body through the movable body by the pressure means. The The ground support force can be calculated from the pressure measurement amount measured by the pressure measurement means when the approaching body enters the ground and the approach measurement amount measured by the measurement means.

[0031] In the ground supporting force test apparatus according to claim 2, when the approaching body enters the ground by the pressure of the pressure means (hydraulic pump, air pump, etc.), the reaction force (entrance resistance) is applied to the approaching body. Occurs, and the action of lifting the cylinder of the piston and the seat of the chair works, but the intruder used in the ground support force testing device of this application has a small diameter (5 to 50 mm), so The reaction force (entrance resistance) at the time of approach is relatively small. And, when using this ground bearing capacity test device, a person sits on the chair seat, so that the lifting action on the piston cylinder and chair seat that occurs when the approaching body enters the ground can be prevented by the human weight. .

 [0032] The invention of claim 3 of the present application

 The invention of claim 3 of the present application uses, as the pressure means, the ground supporting force test apparatus of claim 1 (using a tread), which can push down the movable body by the repulsive force of the coil panel compressed by human power. is doing.

 [0033] In this case, the coil panel is disposed on the upper part of the movable body in the cylinder of the piston, and the coil panel is compressed by a compression member that is manually operated from the upper side of the cylinder, so that the elastic force of the coil panel is reduced. It acts on the upper surface.

 [0034] In the case of claim 3, the amount of pressure by the coil panel can be calculated from the amount by which the compression member is pushed down and the amount by which the movable body moves downward.

 [0035] In the case of using the coil panel that is compressed by human power as the pressure means as in claim 3, the hydraulic pump used in the case of the hydraulic jack, its piping, and the like are not required.

 [0036] The invention of claim 4 of the present application

The invention of claim 4 of the present application uses the manual fluid pressure pump that can be operated while sitting on the seat of the chair in the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the above claim 2 (using a chair). In addition, the pressure gauge, which serves as a pressure measuring means, can be positioned where a person sitting on the seat of the chair can see, while the amount of intrusion measured by the approach amount measuring means is displayed. The part is provided on the upper surface of the seat so that a person sitting on the seat can see. [0037] The fluid pressure pump used in the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of claim 4 is a force S using a hand pump or a foot pump such as a hydraulic pump or an air pump, and the fluid pressure pump. Can be operated by a person sitting on the seat of the chair. The fluid discharge port of the fluid pressure pump and the fluid introduction port of the piston are connected by a hose.

 As the pressure measuring means, a pressure gauge (measuring the fluid pressure in the piston) is used, and this pressure gauge can be positioned at a place where a person sitting on the seat of the chair can see.

 [0039] As the approach amount measuring means, for example, a flexible scaled tape can be used. Then, this scaled tape has one end fixed to a movable part of the piston (for example, a lower rod or an entrance body continuous to the movable body) and the other end to the lower surface side force of the chair seat. After passing through the upper surface close to the outer circumference and exposing it within a predetermined length range (for example, 2-5 cm length) on the upper surface of the seat, it is hung down below the seat. In addition, it is good to attach a weight to the lower end part of the hanging side of a tape with a scale, and to maintain this tape with a scale in a tension state always. In this case, the portion of the scaled tape that is exposed on the upper surface near the outer periphery of the chair seat is the display unit for the measured entry amount. Then, when sitting on the chair seat, the display can be visually observed while sitting on the chair seat by sitting so that the display is positioned between the crotch.

 [0040] In the approach amount measuring means using the scaled tape, the scaled tape is pushed and pulled as the movable part of the piston moves up and down, and the scale change exposed on the display section is read. Now you can measure the amount of body entry! /

 [0041] In the ground supporting force test apparatus according to claim 4, one person sitting on the chair seat part operates the pressure means (fluid pressure pump), reads the pressure measurement amount (pressure gauge), It is possible to read the measured amount of approach by the approach amount measuring means.

 [0042] Invention of claim 5 of the present application

 The invention of claim 5 of the present application is the ground bearing capacity test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the straight bar is connected to the lower end of the straight bar portion indirectly or directly connected to the movable body as the entry body. Use a part with a large diameter part that is slightly larger than the thickness of the part.

[0043] Incidentally, the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the present application is designed to measure the ground bearing capacity by allowing a thin rod-shaped approach body to enter the ground. In the case of a rod with a diameter, the outside of the entry body (rod-like body) when the entry body enters the ground 1 The side will also be in contact with the ground soil. In this way, when the outer surface of the approaching body comes into contact with the ground soil when the approaching body enters the ground, frictional resistance is also generated on the outer surface of the approaching body. Depending on the amount of water, depending on the ground conditions (soil and water content), even if the same pressure is applied to the approaching body, the amount of approaching body will vary.

 [0044] Therefore, in the ground bearing capacity test device according to claim 5 of the present application, by using an approaching body provided with a large diameter portion at the lower end of the straight rod portion, the approaching body lower end portion when the approaching body enters the ground. (Large diameter part) can be made to enter while forming a hole having an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the intruder body straight rod part, so that friction resistance with the ground soil does not occur in the intruder body straight bar part. And That is, when the approaching body enters the ground, only the large diameter portion at the lower end of the approaching body receives resistance.

 The invention's effect

 [0045] Claim for this application: ¾ί

 The ground bearing capacity testing device of the invention of claim 1 of the present application has the following effects.

 [0046] (1) Since a thin rod-shaped object is used as the approaching body to enter the ground, the pressure for pressing the approaching body into the ground can be small, and the entire device can be made compact accordingly. And it can be manufactured at low cost.

 [0047] (2) Since the approaching body has a thin rod shape, the reaction force generated when the approaching body enters the ground is small! /. Therefore, a platform with an area on which a person can rest is used as the reaction force receiver. (In the actual test, only a person needs to be on the platform). Therefore, a heavy load body (for example, heavy equipment) is not required (such as setting work of the load body) as in the conventional flat plate loading test apparatus (for example, Fig. 15), and preparation for ground bearing capacity test is not required. Can be done easily and in a short time.

 [0048] (3) Since a person is placed on the platform and the approaching body is pushed down by pressure means, the ground support force can be calculated from the pressure measurement amount at that time and the approaching measurement amount of the approaching body. The test can be performed in a short time (reducing the test period and labor cost).

[0049] (4) Since the entire apparatus is compact and has a weight that is portable enough to be carried by manpower, it can be easily set in the test place and handled when moving, and can be performed in a short time. [0050] Effect of the invention of claim 2 of the present application

 In the ground supporting force test apparatus according to the invention of claim 2 of the present application, a chair on which a person can sit is used instead of the step board of claim 1. Since the ground bearing test can be performed while sitting on the seat, the same effect as in claim 1 can be achieved.

[0051] Effect of the invention of claim 3 of the present application

 The invention of claim 3 of the present application uses the ground bearing capacity test device of claim 1 that can push down the movable body by the spring of the coil panel compressed by human power as the pressure means.

 [0052] Therefore, in the ground supporting force test apparatus according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the pressure means can be configured simply and compactly, and is less expensive than that using a hydraulic pump. It will be effective.

 [0053] The light effect of claim 4 of the present application

 The invention of claim 4 of the present application is the ground bearing capacity test device according to claim 2, wherein the operation of the pressure means (fluid pressure pump), the reading of the pressure measurement amount by the pressure measurement means (pressure gauge), and the measurement of the ingress amount are performed. A single worker sitting on the seat of the chair can read the measured amount of approach.

 [0054] Therefore, in the ground supporting force test apparatus according to claim 4, in addition to the effect of claim 2, the ground supporting force test can be performed by one worker. In addition to the effect of claim 2, If labor costs can be further reduced, there is a positive effect.

 [0055] Effect of the invention of claim 5 of the present application

 The invention of claim 1 of the present application is the ground bearing capacity test device according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the lower end of the straight bar portion connected to the movable body is slightly larger than the thickness of the straight bar portion and has an outer diameter as the entry body. A large-diameter part is used.

[0056] In the approaching body used in claim 5, the approaching body straight bar portion does not come into contact with the ground soil when entering the ground, and therefore, the frictional resistance with the ground soil does not occur in the straight rod portion. (Only the large diameter part at the lower end of the entry body receives entry resistance). This contributes to reducing the error range of measured data. Therefore, in the ground bearing capacity test device according to claim 5, the accuracy (reliability) of the ground bearing capacity calculated by the test can be improved in addition to the effects of claims 1 to 4. There is.

 Example

 [0058] Hereinafter, with reference to Figs. 1 to 14, some examples of the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the present application will be described. Figs. 1 to 4 show the first example, and Figs. The second embodiment, FIGS. 7 to 9 show the third embodiment, FIGS. 10 to 11 show the fourth embodiment, and FIGS. 12 to 14 show the fifth embodiment.

 [0059] First example of 闵 1 to 闵 4

 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the first embodiment includes a platform 1 having an area that can be placed on a person, a piston 2 mounted on the platform 1, and a piston 2 The pressure means 3 that pushes down the movable body 25, the pressure measurement means 4 that measures the pressure of the pressure means 3, the thin rod-like entry body 4 that enters the ground by the downward movement of the movable body 25, and the ground of the entry body 5 The basic structure is the approach amount measuring means 6 that measures the amount of intermediate progress.

 [0060] In this first embodiment, the step 1 is made of a rigid plate material such as an iron plate 'hard plastic' wood or the like and formed in a circular shape. The size of the step 1 is sufficient if it has a diameter force S of about 40 to 50 cm, and there is a space for placing both feet F and F (Fig. 1) of a person with the piston 2 standing on the step 1. A level 9 for detecting the level of the platform 1 is attached to the upper surface of the platform 1.

 In another embodiment, the shape of the platform 1 can be an appropriate shape such as an ellipse, a triangle, or a rectangle in addition to a circle. In still another embodiment, a frame material may be used as the material for the step 1 and the frame material may be assembled in a square frame shape or simply arranged in a parallel bar shape.

 [0062] The piston 2 is arranged in a state in which the movable body 25 can move up and down in the cylindrical body 21 in the vertical orientation, and a hydraulic jack is employed in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the piston 2 is sometimes called a hydraulic jack.

[0063] The effective stroke of the hydraulic jack 2 is not limited as long as the movable body 25 can be moved up and down by at least about 10 cm. However, in this first embodiment, the stroke of about 15 cm can be provided with a margin. Use one hydraulic jack.

 [0064] The cylinder 21 of the hydraulic jack (piston) 2 is erected and fixed to the upper surface of the platform 1 via a cylindrical spacer 8 having an appropriate height (for example, about 15 cm). Further, the step 1 and the cylindrical spacer 1 8 and the cylindrical spacer 8 and the cylinder 2 of the piston 2 are connected and fixed, respectively, and the step 1, the cylindrical spacer 8 and the piston cylinder 21 are connected. And are integrated. In the first embodiment, the piston 2 and the cylindrical spacer 8 are located at the center of the platform 1. A hole 11 is formed in the step 1 where the cylindrical spacer 8 is positioned to allow the entry body 5 to move up and down.

 An upper rod 26 and a lower rod 27 are attached to the movable body 25 of the piston 2. The upper rod 26 passes through the top plate of the piston cylinder 21 and protrudes upward by a predetermined length, and the lower lid 27 passes through the bottom plate of the piston cylinder 21 and extends downward by a predetermined length. Only protruding. Then, as the movable body 25 moves up and down within the piston cylinder 21, the upper rod 26 and the lower rod 27 are projected and retracted above and below the cylinder 21, respectively.

 In this first embodiment, a hydraulic jack is used as the piston 2, so that a hydraulic pump 31 (manual type using a lever) is used as the pressure means 3 for moving the movable body 25 up and down. Yes.

 [0067] The hydraulic pump 31 and the hydraulic jack 2 are connected by two hoses 32 and 33. As shown in FIG. 2, the supply side port 31a of the hydraulic pump 31 is connected to the movable body push-down side port 21a of the hydraulic jack 2, and the return side port 31b of the hydraulic pump 31 is pushed up the movable body of the hydraulic jack 2. Is connected to side port 21b.

 In the first embodiment, the pressure measuring means 4 uses a hydraulic pressure gauge 41 because the hydraulic pressure pump 31 is used as the pressure means 3. The hydraulic gauge 41 is connected to the supply side hose 32 from the hydraulic pump 31.

[0069] As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 3, the entry body 5 is made of a steel bar, and is provided with a large diameter portion 52 having an outer diameter E slightly larger than the diameter D of the straight rod portion 51 at the lower end of the straight rod portion 51. Things are used. For example, a straight rod portion 51 having a diameter D in the range of about 5 to 50 mm and a length in the range of about 120 to 200 mm can be used, but in the illustrated example, the diameter D is 10 as the straight rod portion 51. Approx. 13mm length and 150-160mm length are used. The large diameter part 52 at the lower end of the straight bar The outer diameter E is about 3-5mm larger than the straight rod diameter D.

 [0070] For the intruder 5, a plurality of types having different outer diameters E of the large-diameter portion 52 are prepared (even in this case, the large-diameter portion outer diameter E is larger than the diameter D of the straight rod portion 51), Depending on the supporting force of the ground to be measured, it is possible to use different intruders 5 having different outer diameters E. Further, in another embodiment, it is possible to use only the straight rod portion 51 having no large diameter portion 52 at the lower end as the entry body 5, but in this case, a plurality of the straight rod portions 51 having different thicknesses may be used. It is good to have a kind.

 In the first embodiment, the entry body 5 is coupled to the lower end of the lower rod 27 of the piston movable body 25 so as to protrude downward. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the up / down movement amount of the piston movable body 25 becomes the vertical movement amount of the entry body 5 as it is.

 [0072] As a method of connecting the entry body 5, in this first embodiment, a male screw 53 is formed at the upper end portion of the entry body straight rod portion 51, and a female screw 28 is formed at the lower end portion of the lower rod 27. The entry body 5 can be detachably screwed to the lower rod 27. In the connected state of the entry body 5, when the movable body 25 of the piston (hydraulic jack) 2 is in the uppermost moving position, the lower end (large diameter portion 52) of the entry body 5 is positioned slightly above the lower surface of the platform 1. It is supposed to be. In the state shown in FIG. 2, the lower end surface of the entry body 5 is shown as being at the same height as the lower surface of the platform 1, but there is room for the movable body 25 to move slightly upward from the state shown in FIG. Have.

 [0073] The approach amount measuring means 6 measures the approach amount of the approach body 5 into the ground G. In this first embodiment, the approach amount measuring means 6 is movable with the scale plate 61 provided on the piston cylinder 21 on the fixed side. It is composed of a pointer 62 provided on the upper rod 26 of the movable body 25 on the side. The scale plate 61 is fixed upright on the upper surface of the piston cylinder 21, and the pointer 62 is attached to the upper end of the upper rod 26. The approach amount measuring means 6 is configured so that the pointer 62 indicates the position of the “0” point of the scale plate 61 in a state where the lower surface of the large-diameter portion 52 of the entry body 5 is positioned at the same height as the lower surface of the platform 1. Set it! / Accordingly, in this approach amount measuring means 6, the piston movable body 25 is moved downward, and the pointer 62 is moved downward by the length of the approach when the approaching body 5 enters the ground as indicated by the chain line in FIG. However, by reading the scale amount of the scale plate 61 indicated by the pointer 62 at that time, it is possible to measure the amount of the approaching object 5 entering the ground.

[0074] In the ground supporting force test apparatus of the first embodiment, since the entry body 5 to be entered into the ground G has a thin rod shape, the pressure means 3 (hydraulic pump 31), the piston (hydraulic jack) 2, etc. With low ability Small size can be adopted. Therefore, the entire apparatus can be reduced in size and weight to the extent that it can be carried by human power, and the manufacturing cost is low.

 [0075] By the way, in using the ground bearing capacity testing device of the first embodiment, each ground according to a plurality of pressure amounts of the pressure means 3 (hydraulic pump 31) and a plurality of ground penetration amounts of the approaching body 5 is used. The support force is preliminarily data mapped by experiment, and the actual pressure measurement amount measured by the pressure measurement means 4 (hydraulic gauge 41) and the approach amount measurement means 6 (scale plate 61 and pointer 62) are measured. The ground support force can be obtained instantaneously with the actual measured amount of approach.

 [0076] The ground bearing capacity testing device of the first embodiment is used as follows. First, level the ground surface of the ground bearing capacity test location flat (horizontal), and clean the ground surface with scissors or the like to expose the substantial ground G. Then, as shown in Fig. 2, the platform step 1 of the device is installed horizontally on the ground G. At this time, check the horizontal state of the platform 1 using the level 9. In this state, the lower end (large-diameter portion 52) of the entry body 5 may be grounded or may be separated from the ground force.

 [0077] Next, an operator (which may be alone) rests on the platform 1 (place both feet F and F across the piston 2 as shown in Fig. 1), and loads (weight) on the platform 1 In the state where the force is applied, another worker operates the pressure means 3 (hydraulic pump 31) to the movable body push-down side. Then, a pressing force acts on the movable body 25 of the hydraulic jack 2 due to the hydraulic oil pressure, and the entry body 5 enters the ground while receiving the resistance of the ground G. At this time, a reaction force (entrance resistance) is generated in the entry body 5 and works to lift the piston cylinder 21 and the platform 1 but the entry body 5 is a thin rod, so the reaction force (approach to the underground) Resistance) is relatively small. Since a person is placed on the platform 1 during the test, the human body weight can sufficiently prevent the approach body 5 from lifting when the approach body 5 enters the ground.

 Further, in this embodiment, when the approaching body large diameter part 52 enters the ground, a force using the approaching body 5 having the large diameter part 52 provided at the lower end of the straight bar part 51 is used. As shown in FIG. 4, a hole Ga having the same diameter as the outer diameter (dimension E in FIG. 3) of the large-diameter entry body 52 is formed in the ground G around the entry body 5. This hole Ga is larger than the diameter D (Fig. 3) of the straight rod portion 51 of the entry body 5, so that friction resistance is generated between the entry rod straight portion 51 and the ground soil when the entry body 5 enters the ground. do not do . Therefore, the measurement data is affected by the ground conditions (soil quality and water content).

[0079] By the way, there are two kinds of forces to determine the ground bearing capacity at the test site. This is a method of reading the actual approaching body approaching amount by the approaching amount measuring means 6 (the scale plate 61 and the pointer 62) when the pressure displayed on the screen reaches a predetermined value. This is a method of reading the pressure of the oil pressure gauge 41 when the amount of approaching reaches a predetermined value. Then, based on the pressure measurement amount (hydraulic gauge 41) and the approach measurement amount (entrance amount measurement means 6) measured by any one of the methods, the ground supporting force at the test position can be obtained from a data map prepared in advance. . When the ground bearing force at the test position is calculated, the hydraulic pump 31 is reversely operated to remove the entry body 5 from the ground G.

 [0080] In the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the first embodiment, the ground bearing capacity test at one location is completed by the above-described work, and therefore the work is extremely simple and can be performed in a short time. In addition, when the ground bearing capacity test at the test position is completed, the entire device is carried to the next test place and the same test work as described above is carried out. It is easy and can be done in a short time.

 [0081] Second example of 闵 5 to 闵 6

 The ground bearing capacity testing device of the second embodiment is a modification of the platform 1 in the first embodiment.

 In this second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, two divided plate materials la, 1 a are used as the platform 1, and each divided plate material la, la is attached to the lower part of the piston cylinder 21. Be sure to be able to detachably join the lower part of the cylindrical spacer 8 fixed to the!

 [0083] At the lower end of the cylindrical spacer 8 fixed to the lower part of the piston cylinder 21, there are provided overhanging plates 81, 81 protruding in the front-rear horizontal direction by a small length (for example, 5 to 6 cm). . On each of the overhanging plates 81, 81, two bolts 82 that are upward and have a small height are attached. In another embodiment, each overhang plate 81, 81 may be a narrow annular flange.

[0084] Each of the divided plate materials la and la has an elongated V shape having a long side length of 40 to 50 cm and a short side length of about 10 to 15 cm, and the cylindrical spacer 8 is arranged at an intermediate position on the long side. An arc-shaped cutout is provided to fit the outer surface. Ground plates 12 and 12 having substantially the same thickness as the overhanging plates 81 and 81 of the cylindrical spacer 8 are attached to the lower surfaces near the left and right ends of the divided plate materials la and la, respectively. In addition, two small holes 13 and 13 through which the respective bolts 82 and 82 erected on the overhanging plate 81 are formed are formed at intermediate positions of the divided plate materials la and la. still, A nut 14 is screwed into each Bonoleto 82, 82.

[0085] Other configurations (hydraulic jack 2, hydraulic pump 31, etc.) in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is the same as that described in the first embodiment. Is used.

 [0086] In the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the second embodiment, the piston 2 (cylindrical spacer 8) force is separated as shown by the solid line in Fig. 5 during storage or transportation. At the time of on-site testing, the divided plate materials la and la are combined with the extended plates 81 and 81 as follows. That is, when the divided plate materials la and la are joined to the overhanging plates 81 and 81, the divided plate materials la and la are first connected to the cylindrical spacer 8 from the front and rear of the cylindrical spacer 8 as shown by the chain line in FIG. Place the spacers 8 so that the two small holes 13 and 13 of each divided plate material la and la are fitted into the two bolts 82 and 82 of each overhang plate 81 and 81, respectively. The upper force of the divided plate materials la and la is also completed by screwing and tightening the nuts 14 and 14 to the bolts 82 and 82, respectively (the step 1 comprising both divided plate materials la and la is completed).

 [0087] In the chain line shown in FIG. 5 or in the combined state of the platform 1 shown in FIG. 6, each divided plate material la, la is fixed on each overhang plate 81, 81 of the cylindrical spacer 8 with nuts 14, 14,. Therefore, it is firmly integrated. Also, when the divided plate materials la and la are installed on the test ground in a combined state, the four ground plates 12, 12 ··· of the lower surfaces of the divided plate materials la and la are grounded to the upper surface of the ground, respectively. Can be made to stand in a stable posture.

 [0088] Then, in order to perform the ground supporting force test, both feet F and F are placed on the combined platform 1 so as to straddle the piston 2. Note that the ground bearing capacity test method in the second embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is incorporated.

 [0089] In the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the second embodiment, the platform 1 can be detachably attached to the apparatus body (cylindrical spacer 8). If it is separated from the main unit, it can be handled in a compact manner.

 [0090] As a modification of the second embodiment (another embodiment), the following can be performed.

[0091] First, the step 1 may be detachably attached on the lower surface side of each overhang plate 81, 81. In this case, you can divide it as a step 1 and use a single board.

[0092] Secondly, instead of each divided plate material la, la, a frame (square material) can be used. A frame may be removably fixed to the upper surface or the lower surface of each overhanging plate 81, 81 (such as nut tightening).

 [0093] Third, the divided plate materials la and la may simply be placed on the overhanging plates 81 and 81 (no bolts and nuts are used). Even in this case, if both legs are placed across the divided plate materials la and la, the piston cylinder 21 can be prevented from lifting due to the weight, but each of the projecting plates 81 and 81 and the divided plate materials can be prevented in terms of stability. It is preferable to fix la and la.

 [0094] Third Example of FIGS. 7 to 9

 As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the third embodiment has a piston 2 (a movable body 25 that can move up and down in a cylinder 21) standing and fixed on a platform 1. In addition, the pressure panel 3 is used as the pressure means 3 for pushing down the movable body 25, the compression member 35 is provided for compressing the coil panel 34, and the scale plate for measuring the compression amount of the coil panel 34 as the pressure measurement means 4. 42 and two pointers 43 and 44 are provided, and the moving body 5 is directly attached to the lower surface of the piston movable body 25.

 The cylindrical body 21 of the piston 2 is a single body and has the total length of the cylindrical body of the hydraulic jack 2 and the cylindrical spacer 8 in the first embodiment. The movable body 25 is accommodated in the piston cylinder 21 so as to be movable up and down.

 [0096] The coil panel 34 serving as the pressure means 3 is one that can be compressed by human power and has a relatively strong urging force.

 The compression member 35 for compressing the coil panel is provided on the pressing plate 36 accommodated in the cylindrical body 21, the rod 37 whose upper surface force projects above the cylindrical body 21, and the upper end of the rod 37. And a handle 38 for pushing down.

 The coil panel 34 is interposed between the push plate 36 of the compression member 35 and the piston movable body 25 in the piston cylinder 21. The upper end of the coil panel 34 is locked to the lower surface of the pressing plate 36 with a hook, while the lower end of the coil panel 34 is locked to the upper surface of the movable body 25 with a hook. It is suspended by a pressing plate 36 through a coil panel 34.

[0099] On the lower surface of the piston movable body 25, the entry body 5 is attached in a downward posture. In the same way as in the first embodiment (FIG. 3), the intruder 5 of the third embodiment also has a large diameter portion 5 at the lower end of the straight rod portion 51. 2 and a male thread 53 is provided at the upper end of the straight bar portion 51. In this entry body 5, the upper end male screw 53 is detachably screwed into the center of the lower surface of the movable body 25.

 [0100] In the state where the compression member 35 is lifted to the uppermost position, the lower end surface of the entry body 5 is not protruded from the lower surface of the platform 1 (it is slightly above the height). Further, the compression member 35 can be locked at the uppermost position with, for example, a lock pin so that the movable body 25 and the entry body 5 are not moved down carelessly.

 [0101] On the side surface of the piston cylinder 21, a vertically long and slit-shaped guide hole 22 is formed. On the other hand, the pressing plate 36 of the compression member 35 is provided with a protruding portion 39 protruding from the guide hole 22, and the piston movable body 25 is also provided with a protruding portion 29 protruding from the guide hole 22. The protrusion 39 of the push plate 36 moves up and down together with the push plate 36, and the protrusion 29 of the movable body 25 moves up and down together with the movable body 25.

 [0102] In the vicinity of the guide hole 22 on the outer surface of the piston cylinder 21, there are a scale plate 42 which is a part of the pressure measuring means 4 and a part of the approach amount measuring means 6 as shown in FIG. A scale plate 61 is attached.

 [0103] In this third embodiment, the pressure measuring means 4 measures the pressure (pressing force) against the movable body 25 (entrance body 5) by reading the compression amount of the coil panel 34. The pointer 43 is provided on the protruding portion 39 of the push plate 36 and the pointer 44 is provided on the protruding portion 29 of the movable body 25. The pressure measuring means 4 used in the third embodiment can confirm the compression amount of the coil panel 34 by reading the interval between the two hands 43, 44 with the scale plate 42.

 In this third embodiment, the approach amount measuring means 6 measures the underground approach amount of the approach body 5 by reading the downward movement amount of the movable body 25. It consists of a pointer 62 provided on the protrusion 29. The pointer 62 is set to indicate the position of the “0” point of the scale plate 61 when the lower surface of the large-diameter portion 52 of the entry body 5 is at the same height as the lower surface of the platform 1.

 [0105] The remaining structure of the third embodiment is similar to that of the aforementioned first embodiment.

[0106] Also, in the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the third embodiment, the ground bearing capacity based on the plurality of compression amounts of the pressure means 3 (coil panel 34) and the plurality of penetration depths of the approaching body 5 is determined in advance. The data map was obtained by experiment, and the actual pressure measurement amount (coil panel compression amount) measured by pressure measurement means 4 (scale plate 42 and both hands 43 and 44) and approach amount measurement means 6 (scale plate 6 1 And the actual amount of approach measured by the guideline 62), the ground bearing capacity should be obtained instantaneously.

 In the ground bearing capacity test device of the third embodiment, the coil panel 34 accommodated in the piston cylinder 21 is adopted as the pressure means 3, so that the hydraulic pump 31 of the first embodiment is not necessary. At the same time, it is not necessary to use a hydraulic jack for the piston 2. Therefore, the entire apparatus becomes more compact and can be manufactured at a lower cost.

 [0108] In order to use the ground bearing capacity test device of the third embodiment, the platform 1 is installed in a horizontal posture on the ground G of the ground bearing capacity test location. At this time, if the compression member 35 is in an up-and-down free state, the lower surface of the large-diameter portion 52 of the entry body 5 is lightly grounded on the ground G as shown in FIG. Although added, the compression amount of the coil panel 34 is almost “0”. Then, the distance between the push plate side pointer 43 and the movable body side pointer 62 in this state is read by the scale plate 42, and this is set to the coil panel initial state (compression amount “0” state). At this time, the pointer 62 of the approach amount measuring means 6 indicates the “0” point position with respect to the scale plate 61.

 [0109] Then, when an operator (which may be one person) is placed on the platform 1 and the operator pushes down the handle 38 of the compression member 35, the coil panel 34 is compressed as the push plate 36 moves downward. Then, the coil spring repulsive force at that time acts on the upper surface of the movable body 25, and the entry body 5 enters the ground (see Fig. 9). Then, as shown in FIG. 9, when the handle 38 is pushed down to an appropriate position, the compression amount of the coil panel 34 is read from the pressure measuring means 4 (the interval between the push plate side pointer 43 and the movable body side pointer 44 in FIG. 9). 7)) On the other hand, the amount of the approaching object 5 that has entered the ground is read from the approach amount measuring means 6 (the position of the pointer 62 is read by the scale plate 61 of FIG. 7), and a data map prepared in advance. Obtain the ground bearing capacity at the test position. In the ground bearing capacity testing device of the third embodiment, the measurement of the compression amount of the coil panel 3 4 and the underground penetration amount of the approaching body 5 are performed by an operator different from the operator who presses down the compression member 35. .

[0110] Also in the case of the third embodiment, since the large-diameter portion 52 is provided at the lower end of the entry body 5, the entry body 5 As shown in Fig. 9, when Ga enters the ground, a hole Ga having the same diameter as the outer diameter of the large-diameter portion 52 is drilled in the ground G. There is no frictional resistance. Therefore, the measurement data is influenced by the ground conditions (geology and water content).

[0111] After reading each data, when the compression member 35 is lifted to the uppermost position (Fig. 8), the coil panel 34 and the movable body 25 are pulled up, and the entry body 5 can be pulled out from the ground. Carry the entire device to the next test site and perform the same test work as above. In the ground bearing capacity test apparatus according to the third embodiment, since the hydraulic pump is not used as in the first embodiment, the entire apparatus is more compact and the movement of the place is further simplified.

 [0112] Fourth embodiment of 闵 10 to 闵 11

 The ground bearing capacity test apparatus according to the fourth embodiment shows a modification of the compression member 35 portion in the third embodiment.

 That is, in the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the fourth embodiment, the male threaded rod 40 is used for the rod portion of the compression member 35, while the female threaded body 28 is attached to the upper surface of the piston cylinder 21 to Screw the screw rod 40 into the female screw body 28!

 [0114] The lower end of the male threaded rod 40 is connected to the upper surface of the push plate 36 so as to be freely rotatable (for example, via the thrust bearing 10).

 [0115] The remaining configuration of the fourth embodiment is the same as that of the third embodiment (FIGS. 7 to 9), and the description of the third embodiment is incorporated herein by reference.

 [0116] In the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the fourth embodiment, as shown in Fig. 10, the test piece is set at the test position, and a person is placed on the platform 1 and the handle 38 is rotated in the screwing direction of the male threaded rod 40. As a result, the coil plate 34 can be compressed by sequentially pushing down the push plates 36. When the coil panel 34 is compressed, a repulsive force is generated in the coil panel 34, and the movable body 25 is pushed down by the repulsive force to cause the entry body 5 to enter the ground (see FIG. 11).

Then, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, when the compression member 35 is moved down by a predetermined amount, the handle 38 is released, and the compression amount of the coil panel 34 at that time is read from the pressure measuring means 4. (The interval between the push plate side pointer 43 and the movable body side pointer 44 is read by the scale plate 42 in FIG. 7) On the other hand, the amount of underground approach of the approaching body 5 is read from the approach amount measuring means 6 (the position of the pointer 62 is determined). Read with the scale plate 61 in Fig. 7), and determine the ground bearing capacity at the test position using the data map created in advance.

 [0118] In the fourth embodiment, the compression member 35 moves up and down by screwing in the male threaded rod 40. Therefore, even if the hand 38 is released halfway, Is held in the same position. Then, for example, at the end of the depression shown in FIG. 11, the hand is released from the handle 38, and the operator of the compression member 35 can read various measurement data. Accordingly, in the fourth embodiment, the number of workers for the ground bearing capacity test can be reduced as compared with the case of the third embodiment.

 [0119] The remaining functions of the fourth embodiment are substantially the same as those of the third embodiment, so the description of the third embodiment is incorporated herein.

 [0120] Fifth Example of 闵 12 to 闵 14

 In the ground bearing capacity test apparatus of the fifth embodiment, a chair 7 is used in place of the step board 1 of the first to fourth embodiments.

 [0121] As shown in Fig. 12, the chair 7 has three legs 72, 72, 72 attached to the lower surface of a seat 71 having an area enough for a person M to sit on. The height of the seat 71 is such that both feet F and F can reach the ground with the person M sitting on the seat 71. Ground plates 73, 73, 73 for preventing sinking are attached to the lower ends of the legs 72, 72, 72, respectively. In addition, each leg 72, 7 2, 72 can adopt a structure that can be folded inward in the radial direction, and when carrying around, each leg 7 2, 72, 72 can be made compact by folding it in the center direction. Good.

 [0122] Two elongated holes 74, 74 (013, Fig. 14) are formed in the portion near the outer periphery of the seat 71 of the chair 7 for bypassing a scaled tape 64 described later to the upper surface of the seat.

 [0123] The piston 2 is fixed to the center of the lower surface of the seat 71 in a downward posture. In this fifth embodiment, an air jack (or a hydraulic jack in other embodiments) is used as the piston 2. As shown in FIG. 14, the air jack 2 has a movable body 25 that is pushed down by air pressure in a cylindrical body 21, and a lower rod 27 is attached downward to the lower surface of the movable body 25. In addition, the lower end of the lower rod 27 projects the bottom surface force of the cylindrical body 21 by a predetermined length.

[0124] A thin rod-shaped entry body 5 is connected to the lower end of the lower rod 27 of the piston 2 downward. As in the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 4), the entry body 5 has a large diameter portion at the lower end portion of the straight rod portion 51. The one with 52 is used. In addition, the connection structure with respect to the lower rod 27 of this approach body 5 can employ | adopt the screwing by a screw similarly to 1st Example (FIGS. 1-4).

[0125] As the pressure means 3, a hand-push type air pump 31A is employed. The air pump 31A can discharge compressed air by manually pushing down the handle 38A.

 [0126] The air discharge port of the air pump 31 A and the air inlet port of the air jack 2 are connected by the hose 32, and when the air pump 31A is operated, the compressed air is connected to the expansion side chamber of the air jack 2 via the hose 32. To be introduced.

 [0127] When a hydraulic jack is used for the piston 2, a hydraulic pump (for example, a stepping type shown in Fig. 1) is employed instead of the air pump 31A. If a foot-operated fluid pressure pump is used, the foot plate of the fluid pressure pump is placed at the foot of the person sitting on the chair seat, and the fluid pressure pump is operated while the person is sitting on the chair seat. It can be activated.

 [0128] As the pressure measuring means 4, a pressure gauge 41 for measuring the air pressure in the air jack 2 is employed. In this embodiment, the pressure gauge 41 is installed in the vicinity of the air pump 31A so that the pressure gauge 41 can be seen while the air pump 31A is operated. Even when a foot-operated fluid pressure pump is used, the pressure gauge 41 is provided at a position where a person sitting on the chair seat can see.

 [0129] In the fifth embodiment, a flexible graduated tape 64 is used as the approach amount measuring means 6 for measuring the approach amount of the approaching body 5 into the ground G. The scaled tape 64 has one end 64a fixed to a mounting base 27a attached to the lower rod 27 of the piston 2, and the other end provided from the lower surface side of the chair seat 71 to the outer periphery of the seat 71. In addition, after exposing a predetermined length range (for example, 2-5 cm length) on the upper surface of the seat through the two long holes 74, 74, it is hung down below the seat and installed. A weight 66 is attached to the hanging side end portion 64b of the graduated tape 64 so that the graduated tape 64 is always kept in tension. In this case, the portion of the scaled tape 64 exposed on the upper surface near the outer periphery of the chair seat 71 becomes the display unit 63 for the measured amount of entry of the entry body 5.

[0130] In addition, a pointer 65 (Fig. 13) is provided on the display portion 63 of the scaled tape 64. The display unit 63 is located at the lower end (below the large-diameter portion 52) of the entry body 5 with the chair 7 placed on the ground. The display value when the (surface) is in contact with the ground is the starting point ("0" point).

[0131] On the upper surface of the chair seat 71, a level 9 is provided in the vicinity of the display unit 63. This level 9 checks whether or not the seat 71 is horizontal (the piston 2 is vertical) when the chair 7 is placed on the ground.

[0132] The ground bearing capacity testing device of the fifth embodiment is used as follows. First, the chair 7 is placed on the ground G of the ground bearing capacity test location (the seat 71 is leveled). When the chair 7 is placed on the ground G, the lower end (the large diameter portion 52) of the entry body 5 is placed. The bottom surface may be separated from the ground force by a slight height.

 [0133] Next, the force with which the worker M holds the air pump 31A in his hand and sits on the chair seat 71. As shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the display 63 of the approach amount measuring means 6 is positioned between the crotch. Sit like you do. Then, when the air pump 31A is placed on the upper surface of the seat 71 between the crotch in a vertical orientation as indicated by a chain line (reference numeral 31A ′) in FIG. 12, preparation for work is completed.

 [0134] In this work-ready state, the worker sitting on the chair 7 can operate the M-force air pump 31A (operating the valve 38A), the pressure gauge 41 and the display 63 of the approach amount measuring means 6 respectively. Visible.

 Next, when the air pump 31A is operated to supply air to the piston 2, the movable body 25, the lower rod 27, and the entry body 5 move downward, and the lower end of the entry body 5 (large diameter portion 52) The grounding force on the ground The scale of the scaled tape 64 at this time is recorded as the starting point (“0 point”).

 Subsequently, when the air pump 31 A is operated, a push-down force is applied to the movable body 25 by the air pressure, and the entry body 5 enters the ground while receiving the resistance of the ground G. At this time, a reaction force (approach resistance) is generated in the entry body 5 and the piston cylinder 21 and the chair seat 71 are lifted. However, since the person M is sitting on the chair seat 71, the entry body 5 5 can sufficiently prevent the lifting of the chair seat 71 that occurs when entering the ground with the human weight.

[0137] When the entry body 5 enters the ground G (for example, in the state of reference numeral 5 'shown by the chain line in Fig. 14), the fixing base end 64a of the scaled tape 64 is pulled downward, While the scale (entry measurement amount) of the scaled tape 64 corresponding to the pointer 65 of the display unit 63 changes, the pressure measurement amount of the pressure gauge 41 also changes. However, these measurement amounts (the scaled tape 64 and the pressure gauge) 41) can be read by one worker sitting on the chair seat 71. [0138] When the pressure measurement amount (pressure gauge 41) reaches a predetermined value, or when the approach measurement amount (scale of the scaled tape 64) reaches a predetermined value, the pressure measurement amount at that time And the measured amount of approach (the amount of displacement from the starting point), it is possible to determine the ground bearing capacity of the test location using a data map created in advance.

 [0139] Using the ground bearing capacity test device of the fifth embodiment, each work of the ground bearing capacity test (operation of the air pump 31A, reading of the pressure gauge 41 and the scaled tape 64) can be performed by one worker. This can be done and the labor cost can be reduced.

 [0140] The other basic functions of the ground bearing capacity testing device of the fifth embodiment are the same as those of the above-described embodiments, and the description thereof is incorporated herein.

 Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a ground bearing capacity testing device according to a first embodiment of the present application.

 FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

 FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an approaching body used in the ground bearing capacity test apparatus shown in FIGS.

 FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the operating state of the ground bearing capacity test device of FIG. 2.

 FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a ground bearing capacity testing device according to a second embodiment of the present application.

 FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state where the platform is assembled in the ground bearing capacity test device of FIG.

 FIG. 7 is a front view of a ground bearing capacity testing device according to a third embodiment of the present application.

 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG.

 FIG. 9 is an operation change diagram from FIG. 8.

 FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 8 of the ground bearing capacity testing device according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.

 FIG. 11 is an operation change diagram from FIG.

 FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a ground bearing capacity testing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.

 FIG. 13 is a plan view of FIG.

 FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line XIV—XIV in FIG.

 FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a conventional flat plate loading test apparatus.

 Explanation of symbols

[0142] 1 is a step, 2 is a piston, 3 is a pressure means, 4 is a pressure measurement means, 5 is an entry body, 6 is an entry amount measurement means, 7 is a chair, 21 is a piston cylinder, 25 is a piston movable body, 31 is a hydraulic pump, 31 A is an air pump, 34 is a coil panel, 35 is a compression member, 41 is a pressure gauge, 42 is a scale plate, 4 and 44 are pointers, 51 is a straight bar part, 52 is a large diameter part, 61 is a scale plate, 62 is a scale plate Pointer, 63 is a display, 64 is a scaled tape, 65 is a pointer, and 71 is a seat.

Claims

The scope of the claims  [1] A platform (1) large enough for a person to rest on, and a cylindrical body that is fixed to or removable from the platform (1) and cannot be lifted with respect to the platform (1) ( 21) a piston (2) in which the movable body (25) can move up and down, a pressure means (3) for pushing down the movable body (25) of the piston (2), and the pressure means (3) Pressure measuring means (4) for measuring the pressure of the piston (2) and indirectly or directly connected to the movable body (25) of the piston (2)! A thin rod-shaped approaching body (5) that enters the vehicle, and an approaching amount measuring means (6) that measures the amount of approaching object (5) into the ground,  At the ground bearing capacity test location, a person is placed on the platform (1), and the pressure means (3) pushes down the entry body (5) via the movable body (25), thereby removing the entry body (5). The ground bearing capacity can be calculated from the pressure measurement amount measured by the pressure measuring means (4) when the vehicle enters the ground (G) and the approach measurement amount measured by the approach amount measurement means (6). Like,  A ground bearing capacity testing device characterized by that. [2] A chair (7) on which a person can sit in a seated state, and a movable body (25) moves up and down within a cylinder (21) fixed downward on the lower surface of the seat (71) of the chair (7) A piston (2) configured to be capable of pressure, pressure means (3) for pushing down the movable body (25) of the piston (2), and pressure measuring means (4) for measuring the pressure of the pressure means (3) A thin rod-like entry body (5) that is indirectly or directly connected to the movable body (25) of the piston (2) and enters the ground (G) by the downward movement of the movable body (25); An approach amount measuring means (6) for measuring the amount of the approaching object (5) in the ground,  At the ground bearing capacity test location, a person sits on the seat (71) of the chair (7), and the pressure means (3) pushes down the entry body (5) via the movable body (25), From the pressure measurement measured by the pressure measurement means (4) when the approaching body (5) enters the ground (G) and the approach measurement measured by the advance measurement means (6), the ground A ground bearing capacity testing device characterized in that the bearing capacity can be calculated. [3] The ground bearing capacity test device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure means (3) can push down the movable body (25) by the repulsive force of the coil panel (34) compressed by human power. . [4] In claim 2, the pressure means (3) can be operated while sitting on the seat (71) of the chair (7). The hand-operated fluid pressure pump (31A) is used, and the pressure gauge (41), which is the pressure measuring means (4), is positioned in a place where a seated person (71) of the chair (7) can be seen On the other hand, the display portion (63) of the measured entry amount measured by the approach amount measuring means (6) is displayed on the upper surface of the seat portion (71). A ground bearing capacity testing device that is installed at a position where a seated person can see.  The force 1 of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the entry body (5) has a thickness of the straight bar portion (51) at a lower end of the straight bar portion (51) indirectly or directly coupled to the movable body (25). Slightly larger than (D)! / Ground bearing capacity testing device using a large diameter portion (52) having an outer diameter (E).