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WO2007045570A1 - Appareillage et procédé servant à produire des paillettes de métal à partir de la masse fondue - Google Patents

Appareillage et procédé servant à produire des paillettes de métal à partir de la masse fondue Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007045570A1
WO2007045570A1 PCT/EP2006/067172 EP2006067172W WO2007045570A1 WO 2007045570 A1 WO2007045570 A1 WO 2007045570A1 EP 2006067172 W EP2006067172 W EP 2006067172W WO 2007045570 A1 WO2007045570 A1 WO 2007045570A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stream
flakes
temperature
vertically downward
change
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2006/067172
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Patrice Bujard
Peter Simmendinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Ciba Spezialitaetenchemie Holding AG
Ciba SC Holding AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ciba Spezialitaetenchemie Holding AG, Ciba SC Holding AG filed Critical Ciba Spezialitaetenchemie Holding AG
Priority to US12/083,053 priority Critical patent/US20090107293A1/en
Priority to EP06807066A priority patent/EP1945824A1/fr
Publication of WO2007045570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007045570A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
    • C22B21/0084—Obtaining aluminium melting and handling molten aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
    • B22F1/068—Flake-like particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming flakes, especially metal flakes.
  • the present invention is applicable to any metal which melts when heated and is capable of being formed into flakes.
  • metals are Al, Cu, Mo, V, Ag, Cr, Zr, Nb, Ni, Fe, Co, Ti, Au, Pd, W, Hf, Rh, Ir, Pt, Cd or alloys thereof, such as chromium-nickel, iron- nickel, iron-chromium and nickel-cobalt, wherein Cu, Ag, Ti, or Al, or alloys thereof are preferred and Al, or Ag, or alloys thereof are most preferred.
  • EP-A-289240 discloses an apparatus for forming flakes of material from a heated stream of molten material.
  • the apparatus comprises means for feeding the stream in a downwards direction into a rotating cup, the cup being arranged with its open mouth facing upwardly such that molten material within the cup is caused to flow over the upper edges of the cup and flow outwards in a radial direction due to centrifugal force.
  • the apparatus also includes a pair of spaced apart substantially parallel plates arranged about the cup such that the material leaving the cup by centrifugal force passes through a gap defined between the plates.
  • the plates are mounted within a vacuum chamber arranged such that a vacuum is applied to the space between the plates to draw air from outside the chamber between the plates in a radial direction to prevent the molten material from touching the sides of the plates and to cool material until it reaches a solid state pulling the material in a radial direction thereby keeping the material in the form of a flat film and breaking it into small platelets.
  • an apparatus for forming flakes, especially metal flakes comprising means for producing a heated stream of molten material, means for feeding the stream in a substantially vertically downward direction, means for receiving the downwardly directed stream and for forming flakes therefrom, and means for effecting a change in the temperature of the stream subsequent to the production thereof whereby flakes of a desired thickness are obtained.
  • the present invention is applicable to any material which melts when heated and is capable of being formed into flakes.
  • Such materials can be divided into metals and non-metallic materials.
  • metals are Al, Cu, Mo, V, Ag, Cr, Zr, Nb, Ni, Fe, Co, Ti, Au, Pd, W, Hf, Rh, Ir, Pt, Cd or alloys thereof, such as chromium-nickel, iron-nickel, iron-chromium and nickel-cobalt, wherein Cu, Ag, Ti, or Al, or alloys thereof are preferred and Al, or Ag, or alloys thereof are most preferred.
  • the thickness of the flakes is in the range of 10 to 300 nm, especially 30 to 200 nm.
  • aluminum comprises aluminum and alloys of aluminum. Alloys of aluminum are, for example, described in G. Wassermann in Ullmanns Enzyklopadie der lndustriellen Chemie, 4. Auflage, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, Band 7, S.
  • WO00/12634 which comprise besides aluminum silicon, magnesium, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, vanadium, lead, antimony, tin, cadmium, bismuth, titanium, chromium and/or iron in amounts of less than 20 % by weight, preferably less than 10 % by weight.
  • Highly lustrous gold colored flakes contain, for example, 1 to 49 % by weight aluminum and optionally 0.1 to 6 % by weight silicon besides copper.
  • the finished aluminum flakes can be subjected to after-coating or after- treatment, which further increases the stability to light, weathering and chemicals or facilitates handling of the pigment, especially incorporation into various media.
  • the processes described in EP-A-477433, EP-A-826745 or EP-A-1084198, for example, are suitable as after-treatment or after-coating.
  • the aluminum flakes can furthermore be converted into interference pigments by being coated with further layers.
  • the fundamental structure of such pigments is described, for example, in the following patents: EP-A-571836, EP-A-708154, EP-A-768343, EP-A- 1025168 and WO00/34395.
  • non-metallic materials are meltable thermoplastic polymers, such as polyolefins, polystyrols, polycarbonates, polyethersulfones, polyesters, polyamides etc; waxes and meltable metal hydroxides, or oxides.
  • the temperature changing means may be arranged to effect a change of temperature in the stream while it is traveling in a vertically downward direction.
  • the temperature changing means may be arranged to effect a change of temperature in the stream prior to it traveling in a vertically downward direction.
  • Heating can, for example, be made by putting along the stream heaters. Heaters are preferred for polymers, in case of which RF has no effect.
  • the apparatus includes means for applying a high frequency (RF) current to the vertically downwardly traveling stream.
  • RF high frequency
  • means are provided for applying an electric current to the vertically downwardly travelling stream.
  • the present invention is illustrated in more detail on the basis of metals, but is not limited thereto.
  • the method is conducted under an atmosphere of inert gas and the apparatus comprises means for providing the inert gas atmosphere.
  • the vacuum on the external side of the parallel plate is between 1 and 100 mbar.
  • What is important, if aluminum flakes are produced, is the purity of the inert gas, for example, argon and/or helium. It should be higher than 99 %, preferably higher than 99.9 %.
  • the apparatus is alternatively or additionally provided with means for cooling the stream prior to it being fed in a downward direction.
  • the cooling means may include a conduit through which the stream is fed, said conduit being surrounded by a cooling coil or jacket through which an appropriate cooling fluid, such as an inert gas, may be fed.
  • an appropriate cooling fluid such as an inert gas
  • variation of the volume of the flow stream is produced by varying the temperature of at least the outer region of the flow stream, it should be appreciated that variation of the volume of the flow stream represents, in general, an alternative or additional method of controlling the thickness of the resultant flakes.
  • the present invention also provides apparatus as defined above in which in addition to or in substitution of the temperature changing means there are provided mass flow control means.
  • mass flow control means are typically positioned to effect the mass flow prior to the stream being fed in a vertically downward direction.
  • the present invention further provides a method for forming flakes, especially metal flakes comprising producing a heated stream of molten material, feeding the stream in a substantially vertically downward direction, receiving the downwardly directed stream and forming flakes therefrom, and effecting a change in the temperature of the stream subsequent to the production thereof whereby metal flakes or a desired thickness are obtained.
  • the present invention also provides a corresponding method in which the mass or volume flow of the stream is controlled, prior to the stream traveling in a vertically downward direction, in order again to produce flakes of a desired thickness.
  • the apparatus includes a tank for holding molten metal. Extending from the tank is an outlet conduit or bushing which terminates in an outlet orifice. The stream is found in a conduit from material fed from the tank and the internal diameter of the orifice defines the diameter of a stream of liquid metal at the point where it leaves the conduit and descends vertically from the orifice. The stream exiting from the orifice descends vertically downwards towards a spinning device which may be substantially as described in EP-A-0289240. Indeed the apparatus includes further components for producing the flake from the liquid stream, which may be substantially as shown and described in EP-A-0289240.
  • a stream of the molten metal is fed in a downwards direction into a rotating cup which has its open mouth facing upwardly with its rim disposed at a horizontal level between a pair of spaced apart parallel plates which are mounted within a vacuum chamber in such manner that, as an inert gas is drawn from outside the chamber between the plates the molten material is drawn radially outwardly without touching the plates and is cooled with the continuing outward movement causing the material to be broken into flakes.
  • the inert gas air can be used, if the metal is not susceptible to oxidation.
  • the inert gas or air can also be partly come from openings set in the rotating cup.
  • the tank may be replaced by a plasma torch, especially an induction plasma torch.
  • the induction plasma torch is equipped with a powder feeder that operates by entraining the particles in a, upward or downward, stream of gas for transport to the plasma induction torch.
  • a powder feeder that operates by entraining the particles in a, upward or downward, stream of gas for transport to the plasma induction torch.
  • the plasma torch is preferably an induction plasma torch.
  • the preferred induction plasma torches for use in the process of the present invention are available from Tekna Plasma Systems, Inc. of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Boulos et al., US-A-5,200,595, is hereby incorporated by reference for its teachings relative to the construction and operation of plasma induction torches.
  • the transport gas is inert, i.e. does not react with the outer surfaces of the particles.
  • the fluidizing gaseous medium is selected to be compatible with the particles, i.e. do not substantially adversely affect the quality of the particles.
  • transport gases are argon, nitrogen, helium, oxygen or mixtures such as dry air or argon/hydrogen and argon/oxygen.
  • gases such as air, nitrogen, argon, helium and the like, can be used, with air being a gas of choice, where no substantial adverse oxidation reaction of the particles takes place.
  • the apparatus includes a coil which surrounds the stream around about half its length in a central section of the vertically downward path. This coil is suitable for passing a high frequency (RF) current therethrough.
  • the coil is connected to an RF generator which supplies the desired current level.
  • the high frequency magnetic field generated by the current in the surrounding coil is absorbed in the stream of molten metal flowing downward transmission.
  • a pyrometer measures the temperature of the molten metal and a suitable closed loop control circuit leads to a stabilization of the molten metal temperature.
  • Another method of directly heating the molten metal stream involves the passing of an electric current through the stream between an upward connection in the form of an electrode connected to the bushing.
  • a connection can be achieved by using a bushing made of an electrically conductive material so that the bushing is itself the electrode or, alternatively, positioning an electrode either immediately in front of the bushing within the tank or immediately after it and in contact with the flow stream.
  • electrical connection to the spinning device is made by means of a slip ring attached to the shaft of the spinning device and including static brushes through which the electrical connection is made.
  • Control of the current is by way of a transformer with suitable voltage and current output.
  • Current variation may be achieved by, for instance, thyristor control and an infrared receptor as described above.
  • the apparatus may be provided with means for controlling the mass flow.
  • the conduit is provided with an oversized aperture and is externally clad with a cooling jacket through which cooling fluid may be fed.
  • the jacket may be a simple coil wrapped round the bushing and fed with water or it may be an external annular ring through which compressed air is passed.
  • the change in temperature is linear with mass flow and the flow rate can therefore be controlled by monitoring the outflow temperature with an infrared receptor directed at the flow stream immediately below the bushing.
  • This receptor is connected to suitable electronic circuitry to vary the amount of coolant causing solidification within the bushing. Any heat losses arising from this control method are compensated for by the temperature control methods described above.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un appareillage servant à former des paillettes, en particulier des paillettes de métal. Le procédé comprend de produire un flux chauffé de matière fondue, de charger le flux pratiquement verticalement dans la direction du bas, de collecter le flux dirigé vers le bas et de former des paillettes à partir de celui-ci et d'effectuer un changement de la température du flux après la production de celui-ci, ce par quoi on obtient des paillettes ayant une épaisseur souhaitée. La présente invention est applicable à n'importe quel métal qui fond lorsqu'il est chauffé et qui est capable d'être mis sous la forme de paillettes. Les exemples de métaux comprennent Al, Cu, Mo, V, Ag, Cr, Zr, Nb, Ni, Fe, Co, Ti, Au, Pd, W, Hf, Rh, Ir, Pt, Cd ou des alliages de ceux-ci, tels que des alliages de chrome-nickel, fer-nickel, fer-chrome et nickel-cobalt ; Cu, Ag, Ti, ou Al ou des alliages de ceux-ci étant préférés ; et Al ou Ag ou des alliages de ceux-ci étant préférés par-dessus tout.
PCT/EP2006/067172 2005-10-17 2006-10-09 Appareillage et procédé servant à produire des paillettes de métal à partir de la masse fondue Ceased WO2007045570A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/083,053 US20090107293A1 (en) 2005-10-17 2006-10-09 Apparatus and Method for Producing Metal Flakes From the Melt
EP06807066A EP1945824A1 (fr) 2005-10-17 2006-10-09 Appareillage et procédé servant à produire des paillettes de métal à partir de la masse fondue

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05109637.8 2005-10-17
EP05109637 2005-10-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007045570A1 true WO2007045570A1 (fr) 2007-04-26

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PCT/EP2006/067172 Ceased WO2007045570A1 (fr) 2005-10-17 2006-10-09 Appareillage et procédé servant à produire des paillettes de métal à partir de la masse fondue

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20090107293A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1945824A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007045570A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0502166D0 (en) * 2005-02-02 2005-03-09 Effectology Ltd Ink-jet printing process
CN101282804B (zh) * 2005-08-12 2012-03-21 唐维科（1198）公司 制备金属薄片的方法
CN115647376A (zh) * 2022-11-17 2023-01-31 西华大学 一种双层金属空心微球的制备方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3780153A (en) * 1969-10-02 1973-12-18 Monsanto Co Low viscosity melt spinning process
US4082207A (en) * 1975-07-04 1978-04-04 Agence Nationale De Valorisation De La Recherche (Anvar) Electromagnetic apparatus for construction of liquid metals
SU900989A1 (ru) * 1980-04-23 1982-01-30 Уральский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени политехнический институт им.С.М.Кирова Способ получени металлических порошков
EP0289240A1 (fr) * 1987-04-23 1988-11-02 Glassflake Ltd Procédé et appareil de fabrication de paillettes en verre
FR2629573A1 (fr) * 1988-04-05 1989-10-06 Aubert & Duval Acieries Tete de fusion continue pour metaux ou alliages
US4925103A (en) * 1989-03-13 1990-05-15 Olin Corporation Magnetic field-generating nozzle for atomizing a molten metal stream into a particle spray
JPH062019A (ja) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-11 Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd 急冷金属フレークの製造方法およびその装置
GB2275634A (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-07 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Metal casting employing electromagnetic levitation
JPH08157220A (ja) * 1994-11-29 1996-06-18 Nisshin Flour Milling Co Ltd 酸化鉄超微粒子およびその製造方法

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5198017A (en) * 1992-02-11 1993-03-30 General Electric Company Apparatus and process for controlling the flow of a metal stream

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3780153A (en) * 1969-10-02 1973-12-18 Monsanto Co Low viscosity melt spinning process
US4082207A (en) * 1975-07-04 1978-04-04 Agence Nationale De Valorisation De La Recherche (Anvar) Electromagnetic apparatus for construction of liquid metals
SU900989A1 (ru) * 1980-04-23 1982-01-30 Уральский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени политехнический институт им.С.М.Кирова Способ получени металлических порошков
EP0289240A1 (fr) * 1987-04-23 1988-11-02 Glassflake Ltd Procédé et appareil de fabrication de paillettes en verre
FR2629573A1 (fr) * 1988-04-05 1989-10-06 Aubert & Duval Acieries Tete de fusion continue pour metaux ou alliages
US4925103A (en) * 1989-03-13 1990-05-15 Olin Corporation Magnetic field-generating nozzle for atomizing a molten metal stream into a particle spray
JPH062019A (ja) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-11 Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd 急冷金属フレークの製造方法およびその装置
GB2275634A (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-09-07 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Metal casting employing electromagnetic levitation
JPH08157220A (ja) * 1994-11-29 1996-06-18 Nisshin Flour Milling Co Ltd 酸化鉄超微粒子およびその製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198248, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1982-04043J, XP002418605 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1945824A1 (fr) 2008-07-23
US20090107293A1 (en) 2009-04-30

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