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WO2007042861A1 - Collecteur pour eau de pluie en mer - Google Patents

Collecteur pour eau de pluie en mer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007042861A1
WO2007042861A1 PCT/IB2005/053327 IB2005053327W WO2007042861A1 WO 2007042861 A1 WO2007042861 A1 WO 2007042861A1 IB 2005053327 W IB2005053327 W IB 2005053327W WO 2007042861 A1 WO2007042861 A1 WO 2007042861A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rainwater
booms
collector
catchment
sea
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2005/053327
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yew Cheng Wan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/IB2005/053327 priority Critical patent/WO2007042861A1/fr
Publication of WO2007042861A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007042861A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the collection, storage and distribution of rainwater and other forms of fresh water precipitation falling over the seas.
  • floating marine structures such as ships and barges could collect water by utilizing their deck areas to contain precipitation out at sea.
  • these areas are extremely small compared with the areas of seas over which rainwater falls.
  • the costs of construction of such deck areas and their supporting hull structures would be unfeasibly high especially if such a method were to be used for the purpose of collecting precipitation. Disclosure of Invention
  • a suitable invention needs to be not only economically feasible, but also needs to be scalable, to enable large-scale coverage while withstanding the forces of wind, waves and currents at sea. Additionally, the invention has to be able to substantially prevent contamination due to seawater spray generated during stormy conditions.
  • U.S. Patent 3,230,967 to Castro (1966) discloses a rigid tank open at its top and with its bottom supported by a sea borne float and connected to storage bellows. It requires the use of sumps and pumps to transfer collected water into the bellows. From stability and cost considerations, it does not allow for large-scale coverage.
  • U.S. Patent 3,730,120 to Dobell (1973) discloses an apparatus for collecting rainwater using a floating collar which supports a deck for rainwater to fall onto and drain via a non-return valve into a collecting vessel below.
  • the floating collar incorporates a wave barrier surrounding each collecting vessel, which is connectable to other collecting vessels using grommets.
  • these floating collars are single units without articulating means, if they are connected to form a large-scale catchment area at sea, the enormous forces of wind, waves and current in storm conditions would cause the collectors to fold over and stack, as explained above, especially if the floating collars are not large relative to the heights of waves.
  • U.S. Patent 4,092,827 to Schneider (1977) discloses an apparatus for capturing rainwater at elevated aerial locations above the seas. It requires the use of lighter- than-air balloons, aerial funnels and ducts. Since wind speeds generally tend to be high during times of precipitation, wind forces combined with the weight of the apparatus and the weight of an appreciable quantity of fresh water will require the use of many large balloons. These will in turn generate yet greater wind loads. Even if suitably strong and light materials were available, the cost of the apparatus would be uneconomical compared to alternative means of fresh water collection on land or production through desalination processes presently available.
  • U.S. Patent 5,010,837 to Hirose (1991) discloses a floating raceway consisting of a floating bank portion and a raceway portion, all made with flexible film material, with the intention of storing and transporting water. While the function of collecting rainwater is not claimed by Hirose, the lack of stiffness in the structure will not enable the apparatus to maintain the opening in the floating bank portion to collect rainwater as well as maintain the necessary volume in the raceway portion to contain the water. Under the action of wind and forces of the sea, the flexible floating banks would collapse together and cause the collected water to be squeezed out and over the floating banks.
  • WIPO Patent Application International Publication Number WO 02/40125 A2 issued to Glozman discloses a water collection device essentially similar to Dobell's but without the collecting deck and the non-return valve. It also uses a single piece buoyant support fastened to an impermeable membrane collector sheet into which rainwater falls. A flexible material covers over the collected water under normal conditions to prevent evaporation and is individually rolled back with a roller for rainfall collection. It is rolled up or unrolled as necessary with the action and function similar to that of a cover for a small swimming pool. A baffle is used to form a shielding wall around a limited group of floating collectors so as to prevent waves washing over and depositing seawater onto the collector sheet.
  • the floating collector is towed to a pump station to transfer the collected water for storage.
  • the buoyant support is a single piece frame without articulating means thereby causing it to fail for the same reasons if used on a large scale in stormy seas.
  • the design renders the apparatus impractical and uneconomical for large-scale use in the open seas.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method of rainwater collection at sea which is technically feasible and economically competitive with present day alternatives of fresh water production. It provides for floating booms connected together with flexible joints into a stable and seaworthy ring, which hold in place a flexible waterproof catchment bag. Tension ties constrain the shape of the ring to ensure the mouth of the bag stays open for rainwater to fall into and allows the collected rainwater to be contained within the bag for storage and subsequent delivery.
  • the articulated floating boom ring and catchment bag form a modular catchment unit, which is flexibly rafted together with other units to form larger catchment networks for increased stability and coverage. The size of individual catchment networks covering several hundred hectares of sea surface is envisaged. The design and installation of the system allows for the adoption of mass-production processes.
  • a catchment module consisting of a ring of floating booms connected by articulating means to form a polygonal shaped boom ring from which suspends a catchment bag consisting of a flexible waterproof membrane for catching and storing rainwater and other forms of weather precipitation;
  • the modules may be anchored to the sea bottom at as many points as necessary to prevent drift due to wind, current and waves and to maintain the shape of the modules;
  • floating pump stations may be joined to the catchment network to deliver the collected rainwater via flexible piping into tankers or pipe delivery systems;
  • the large scale catchment network using modular units assembled tightly together minimizes exposed sea surfaces within the catchment network thereby reducing contamination especially to the inner modular units due to seawater spray caused by wind and waves;
  • the use of articulating means to connect floating booms together allows for the construction of sufficiently large boom rings able to withstand capsizing moments in stormy seas and yet able to withstand bending stresses due to long- wave bending moments; [26] the use of articulating floating booms avoids situations inherent in single-piece buoyant supports where one portion of the buoyant support is thrust downwards whilst the corresponding opposite portion is thrust upwards during stormy seas, a motion known as pitching, resulting in the uprising portion attempting to lift the load of collected water thereby causing damage to the buoyant support or membrane; [27] the modular nature of the catchment network allows all parts to be mass-produced to achieve economies of scale; [28] the modular nature of the catchment network allows any damaged module to be isolated without contaminating the collected water contained in the rest of the modules; [29] the modular nature of the catchment network allows any damaged module to be easily replaced; [30] the simplicity of the invention as designed allows for the use of a floating factory vessel to rapidly lay and connect the catchment network
  • Fig 1 shows a hexagonal catchment module. (Plan View)
  • Fig 2 shows a vertical cross-section of the catchment module.
  • Fig 3 shows flexible end joints and tension ties connecting the ends of booms.
  • Fig 4 shows a catchment network consisting of several modules connected by rafting ties. (Plan View)
  • Fig 5 is an expanded view showing a junction of the catchment network.
  • Fig 6 shows the catchment module equipped with a perforated cover.
  • Fig 1 shows a plan view of the preferred embodiment of a catchment module 10.
  • Module 10 has a hexagonal shape, other shapes such as triangles, rectangles and circles are possible.
  • Module 10 consists of six buoyant struts or booms 12 connected at their ends to adjacent booms 12 by flexible end joints 14 to form an articulated boom ring.
  • the boom ring floating in the sea 40, is constrained to maintain the hexagonal shape by tension ties 16 connected across the far ends of every two adjacent booms 12.
  • Anchors may be used at as many points as necessary to further constrain the module to maintain its hexagonal shape and to prevent drift due to wind, current and tides.
  • Fig 2 is a sectional side view of module 10 with catchment bag 18 suspending downward and attached to booms 12 to contain the collected rainwater 42.
  • Bag 18 may be made of any flexible waterproof membrane or fabric such as polyethylene sheet. Depending on the design load of collected rainwater and sea conditions, a flexible waterproof material of appropriate tear strength may be used. Bag 18 may be shallow, essentially a membrane loosely stretching across the mouth of the boom ring, or it may be deep, if a larger quantity of water is to be collected and stored.
  • Booms 12 may be constructed using any flexible or rigid elongated material that is buoyant in seawater including wood logs, rigid foam core tubes, and air-inflated and pressurized tubes.
  • Fig 2 shows a preferred embodiment where boom 12 is of a composite construction consisting of a wood log core 20 within a rubber tube 22 filled with polymeric foam 24.
  • Fig 3 is a side view of two adjacent ends of booms 12 connected by flexible end joints 14 which may be any form of flexible joints including universal joints, swivel joints, hinges, chained links and ropes.
  • flexible joints 14 consist of wire ropes with looped ends.
  • Tension ties 16 may be rods, poles, tubes, ropes or any material capable of sustaining a tension force.
  • tension ties 16 also consist of wire ropes with looped ends.
  • End joints 14 and tension ties 16 are shown attached to the floating booms through D-shackles 26 to ringbolts 28 attached to wood log core 20.
  • Fig 4 shows a plan view of several catchment modules 10 joined together with rafting ties 30. The modules are positioned within a matrix where other modules may be added to form a large floating catchment network. The number of modules joined together may be any number necessary to cover an area of sea where rainfall is to be collected.
  • Fig 5 is an expanded plan view showing a junction of the hexagonal matrix where a module is joined to other modules.
  • Rafting ties 30 connect the modules flexibly together.
  • rafting ties 30 also consist of wire ropes with looped ends connected through D-shackles to ringbolts 28.
  • a flexible suction pipe 32 is installed with one end attached to the center of catchment bag 18.
  • Suction pipe 32 is connected to other suction pipes serving other catchment bags and piped to suction pumps (not shown).
  • FIG 6 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment showing an additional installation of a perforated cover 34 across the mouth of catchment module 10 and attached to the boom ring.
  • Cover 34 is made from any material, such as firm, fabric or foam board, that is buoyant in fresh water and has perforations 36 or other means that allow water to drain through.
  • Catchment module 10 is deployed individually or in combination with other modules to form a catchment network over an area of the sea where rainfall is sufficiently available for collection. Where necessary to prevent drift due to wind and current, anchors may be installed at as many points as appropriate to hold the modules in place and to assist in maintaining their geometric shapes.
  • the accumulated rainwater 42 being less dense compared to seawater, floats on the sea surface separated from seawater by the flexible waterproof membrane bag 18.
  • the collected rainwater level (FWL) is shown above the seawater level (SWL).
  • the freeboard of booms 12 contains the height above the sea surface level of the accumulated rainwater within bag 18. For every 1 m design depth of collected rainwater, approximately 25 mm to 30 mm minimum freeboard is required depending on the salinity of the location at sea.
  • catchment modules 10 may be flexibly rafted together as shown in Fig 4.
  • rafting ties 30 consisting of flexible joints connect adjacent modules and substantially enable the modules to roll and pitch independently. This reduces the stress load transferred between modules and allows for larger modules to be used.
  • Perforated cover 34 reduces losses of collected rainwater through evaporation and through spray generated by wind and waves. Perforations 36 allow rainwater to drain into the collection space below the cover.
  • FIG 1 shows suction tube 32 which suck the collected rainwater by means of suction pumps when sufficient rainwater has accumulated.
  • the collected water may be pumped to tanker vessels moored nearby or via pipe delivery systems for use or processing onshore (not shown).
  • contamination due to seawater spray will be very much reduced in inner catchment modules compared to the outer modules at the periphery of the network because the inner modules are protected by the outer modules. This fact allows for the advantageous selection of modules in the transfer of collected water to delivery systems and, if necessary, for the discard of collected water in the peripheral modules.
  • This invention of a collector for rainwater falling at sea is presented to solve many of the problems faced by others when contemplating the means to salvage 'sea rain'. Even if they had arrived about the use of an inexpensive and vast plastic sheeting laid onto the sea surface, problems such as tearing of the sheeting, spilling of the collected rainwater into the sea, contamination by seawater spilling onto the sheet, and the drifting of the sheet away from the designated area are not easily solved.
  • this invention using catchment modules presents a technically feasible and economical solution to these and other problems.
  • the module may be used singly, such as for the fresh water requirement of a fish farm at sea, or in combination with other modules to form large networks to collect the world's 'sea rain', which would otherwise be lost.
  • the rainwater catchment modules floating at sea or in lakes may also be used in conjunction with many other purposes including the following:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil pour la collection d’eau de pluie en mer au moyen d’un module de captage constitué d’un anneau de flèches flottantes reliées par des moyens d’articulation pour former une forme polygonale reliée de façon flexible. Un sac de captage flexible étanche à l’eau pour capter et stocker de l’eau de pluie est suspendu à partir de l’anneau des flèches. Des tirants de tension retiennent les flèches pour maintenir le sac ouvert et pour maintenir la forme polygonale pour l’assemblage modulaire avec d’autres unités. Une pluralité de modules peuvent être joints les uns aux autres pour former un grand réseau de captage, qui peut être positionné en mer où la pluie est disponible par l’intermédiaire de moyens d’ancrage, si nécessaire. Les flèches reliées de façon flexible permettent au réseau entier de flotter, assemblé à la manière d’un radeau, pour une meilleure stabilité et permet le passage de vagues de mer sans générer de contraintes excessives dans la structure. Des tubes d’aspiration raccordés à des pompes permettent à l’eau recueillie d’être distribuée à des bateaux-citernes ou des systèmes de tuyaux de distribution.
PCT/IB2005/053327 2005-10-11 2005-10-11 Collecteur pour eau de pluie en mer Ceased WO2007042861A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2005/053327 WO2007042861A1 (fr) 2005-10-11 2005-10-11 Collecteur pour eau de pluie en mer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2005/053327 WO2007042861A1 (fr) 2005-10-11 2005-10-11 Collecteur pour eau de pluie en mer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007042861A1 true WO2007042861A1 (fr) 2007-04-19

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/IB2005/053327 Ceased WO2007042861A1 (fr) 2005-10-11 2005-10-11 Collecteur pour eau de pluie en mer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2007042861A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103850291A (zh) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-11 无锡市新都环保设备有限公司 蜂窝状强化储水模块、装置及该装置的安装方法
WO2015122852A1 (fr) * 2014-02-13 2015-08-20 Freeman Zhenhua Yu Collecteur d'eau douce
CN105887978A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2016-08-24 刘广 淡水集蓄装置
US9469383B1 (en) 2014-04-16 2016-10-18 Google Inc. Rainwater harvesting system
WO2018044401A1 (fr) * 2016-08-29 2018-03-08 Yew Cheng Wan Solution au réchauffement planétaire
CN108316397A (zh) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-24 张江武 海洋工程平台上的雨水收集储存设备
CN108357646A (zh) * 2018-01-08 2018-08-03 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 一种用于保持甲板平稳的海上公路浮力补偿装置
US10099759B1 (en) 2016-11-08 2018-10-16 X Development Llc Autonomous submersible structure
US10191489B1 (en) 2016-11-08 2019-01-29 X Development Llc Control systems for autonomous submersible structures
CN109537673A (zh) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-29 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 一种漂浮式水上雨水收集装置
US11533861B2 (en) 2021-04-16 2022-12-27 X Development Llc Control systems for autonomous aquaculture structures
ES2968495A1 (es) * 2022-10-06 2024-05-09 Endothermicbag S L Cubierta flexible y plegable para capturar y mantener el agua de las lluvias, para piscinas inflables y plegables, tanques y depósitos, para la extinción de incendios, regadíos y procedimiento de obtención de la misma

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3517513A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-06-30 Clarence Renshaw Fresh-water cistern
US3730120A (en) * 1971-03-01 1973-05-01 Aquavoir Holding Co Sa Method and apparatus of collecting rainwater
US4899400A (en) * 1987-10-07 1990-02-13 Serrot Corporation Rain-collection pad
WO2002040125A2 (fr) * 2000-11-14 2002-05-23 Vladimir Glozman Systeme de collecte d'eau douce
JP2003138612A (ja) * 2001-11-02 2003-05-14 Hiroshi Okawa 水上貯水タンクおよび集水装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3517513A (en) * 1968-07-31 1970-06-30 Clarence Renshaw Fresh-water cistern
US3730120A (en) * 1971-03-01 1973-05-01 Aquavoir Holding Co Sa Method and apparatus of collecting rainwater
US4899400A (en) * 1987-10-07 1990-02-13 Serrot Corporation Rain-collection pad
WO2002040125A2 (fr) * 2000-11-14 2002-05-23 Vladimir Glozman Systeme de collecte d'eau douce
JP2003138612A (ja) * 2001-11-02 2003-05-14 Hiroshi Okawa 水上貯水タンクおよび集水装置

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015122852A1 (fr) * 2014-02-13 2015-08-20 Freeman Zhenhua Yu Collecteur d'eau douce
CN103850291A (zh) * 2014-03-14 2014-06-11 无锡市新都环保设备有限公司 蜂窝状强化储水模块、装置及该装置的安装方法
US10569842B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2020-02-25 X Development Llc Rainwater harvesting system
US9469383B1 (en) 2014-04-16 2016-10-18 Google Inc. Rainwater harvesting system
US9908593B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2018-03-06 X Development Llc Rainwater harvesting system
US11305847B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2022-04-19 X Development Llc Rainwater harvesting system
CN105887978B (zh) * 2016-04-08 2018-06-08 刘广 淡水集蓄装置
CN105887978A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2016-08-24 刘广 淡水集蓄装置
WO2018044401A1 (fr) * 2016-08-29 2018-03-08 Yew Cheng Wan Solution au réchauffement planétaire
US10099759B1 (en) 2016-11-08 2018-10-16 X Development Llc Autonomous submersible structure
US10191489B1 (en) 2016-11-08 2019-01-29 X Development Llc Control systems for autonomous submersible structures
US10599147B1 (en) 2016-11-08 2020-03-24 X Development Llc Control systems for open ocean aquaculture
CN109537673A (zh) * 2017-09-21 2019-03-29 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 一种漂浮式水上雨水收集装置
CN108357646A (zh) * 2018-01-08 2018-08-03 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 一种用于保持甲板平稳的海上公路浮力补偿装置
CN108357646B (zh) * 2018-01-08 2019-12-10 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 一种用于保持甲板平稳的海上公路浮力补偿装置
CN108316397A (zh) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-24 张江武 海洋工程平台上的雨水收集储存设备
US11533861B2 (en) 2021-04-16 2022-12-27 X Development Llc Control systems for autonomous aquaculture structures
US12185679B2 (en) 2021-04-16 2025-01-07 TidaIX AI Inc. Control systems for autonomous aquaculture structures
ES2968495A1 (es) * 2022-10-06 2024-05-09 Endothermicbag S L Cubierta flexible y plegable para capturar y mantener el agua de las lluvias, para piscinas inflables y plegables, tanques y depósitos, para la extinción de incendios, regadíos y procedimiento de obtención de la misma

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