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WO2007042847A1 - Système d’entraînement par engrenages de stabilisation de vitesse pour générer une énergie électrique - Google Patents

Système d’entraînement par engrenages de stabilisation de vitesse pour générer une énergie électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007042847A1
WO2007042847A1 PCT/HU2006/000084 HU2006000084W WO2007042847A1 WO 2007042847 A1 WO2007042847 A1 WO 2007042847A1 HU 2006000084 W HU2006000084 W HU 2006000084W WO 2007042847 A1 WO2007042847 A1 WO 2007042847A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
gears
drive
generator
drive system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/HU2006/000084
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English (en)
Inventor
István OROSZ
Ferenc Apro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
K-B AKTIV KFT
Original Assignee
K-B AKTIV KFT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by K-B AKTIV KFT filed Critical K-B AKTIV KFT
Publication of WO2007042847A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007042847A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using externally powered electric machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is a speed stabilizing gear drive system for generating utility-grade electric power, comprising a drive means connected to a generator and to a variable-speed input.
  • the prior art includes numerous solutions for electric energy generating wind power plants as far as controlling the speed of the wind turbine rotor and the speed of the generator are concerned.
  • the application of variable-speed windmills suitable for better exploiting the energy of fluctuating winds and synchronous generators rotating at the synchronous rpm determined by the pole number of the generator and mains frequency has gained considerable ground.
  • a drive system with variable gear ratio has to be applied.
  • the document a US 5,140,170 includes a drive system with variable gear ratio.
  • the rotor of the wind turbine is connected to the generator running with synchronous rpm through a transmission assembly comprising an epicyclic gearbox supplemented by a hydraulic circuit.
  • a hydraulic pump is attached through gears to the ring gear of the epicyclic gearbox of the transmission stage before the generator, the pump being adapted to prevent (with the help of the hydraulic circuit connected to it) the rotation of the ring gear in low wind-speed conditions but gradually enabling the rotation of the ring gear as the speed of the wind increases, thereby providing a substantially constant torque for driving the synchronous generator.
  • the aim of our invention has been to provide a drive system that is capable of producing constant-speed output for driving a fixed-speed generator, preferably a synchronous generator in case a variable-speed input (resulting from fluctuations in wind speed, flywheel rpm or water energy) is present.
  • the object of our invention is therefore a speed stabilizing gear drive system for generating utility-grade electric power, comprising a drive means connected to a variable- speed input and to a generator.
  • the two degree-of-freedom drive means has two differential gear systems containing sun gears and/or ring gears and planet gears, with the planet gears being connected through bearings to a planet carrier and single degree-of- freedom drive gears disposed between the differential gear systems, where two of the sun gears and/or ring gears and/or planet carriers of the differential gear systems are interconnected, with the not interconnected sun gear or ring gear or planet carrier of the first differential gear system being connected to a synchronous motor and the not interconnected sun gear or ring gear or planet carrier of the second differential gear system being connected to the generator, where the input is connected to either one of the interconnected sun gears and/or ring gears and/or planet carriers and/or to either one of the drive gears, with the kinematic gear ratio of the drive means being constant between the connection points of the synchronous
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the inventive drive system
  • Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the drive means of the inventive drive system
  • Fig. 3 shows a possible kinematic scheme of the drive means comprising bevel gear differential gear systems
  • Fig. 4 shows the kinematic scheme of a coaxial configuration of the drive means according to Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 shows the kinematic scheme of an embodiment of the drive means of Fig. 2 assembled from cylindrical gear differential gear systems
  • Fig. 6 shows the kinematic scheme of a drive means comprising cylindrical gear differential gear systems with negative internal gear ratio.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the speed stabilizing gear drive system according to the invention.
  • a drive means 1 is connected to a varying speed input 4 adapted for feeding in kinetic energy for electric power generation, and to a generator 2 adapted for transforming kinetic energy into electricity.
  • Energy fed in through input 4 is used either for reducing the amount of power the synchronous motor absorbs from the power grid or for increasing the torque applicable for driving the generator 3.
  • Generator 2 is preferably a synchronous generator rotating with a synchronous speed corresponding to the electric power grid.
  • the drive means 1 has two degrees of freedom in all embodiments, and thus the energy flows of the fixed-speed generator 2 and synchronous motor 3 and that of the varying-speed input 4 can be coupled together.
  • the internal state of motion of the two degree-of-freedom drive means is determined by the dynamic conditions, and thus, according to the principle of least action the drive operates at optimal efficiency.
  • the two degree-of-freedom drive means 1 contains two differential gear systems Dl, D2 and two single degree-of-freedom drive gears Hl, H2.
  • Differential gear systems Dl, D2 are built of sun gears, ring gears and planet gears, with the planet gears being connected through bearings to a planet carrier.
  • the role of sun gears may be performed by ring gears, and vice versa.
  • Any two of the sun gear or ring gear or planet carrier of the first differential gear system are connected to any two of the sun gear or ring gear or planet carrier of the second differential gear system.
  • the not interconnected sun gear or ring gear or planet carrier of the first differential gear system Dl is connected to the synchronous motor 3, with the not interconnected sun gear or ring gear or planet carrier of the second differential gear system D2 being connected to the generator 2.
  • the input 4 is connected to any one of the interconnected sun gears, ring gears, or planet carriers of differential gear systems Dl, D2, or to any one of the drive gears Hl, H2.
  • a necessary condition for the proper operation of the drive system is that the kinematic gear ratio of the drive means 1 between the connection points of the synchronous motor 3 and the generator 2 should be a specific and constant value.
  • phase synchronization of the generator 2 to the power grid should always be ensured.
  • an adjustment or control unit 5 is disposed between the synchronous motor 3 and the drive means 1. This unit 5 is applied for adjusting the relative angular position of the stators of the synchronous motor 3 and the drive means 1 to the desired value, and thus providing synchronized-phase operation of the generator 2.
  • the synchronous motor 3 may be connected to the electric power grid directly or through a phase control circuit.
  • Phase synchronization of the generator to the electric power grid can be achieved by means of connecting the generator 2 to the power grid through an electronic synchronizing unit, preferably a sync relay.
  • an electronic synchronizing unit preferably a sync relay.
  • the wind turbine of a wind power plant or an energy storage flywheel may also be applied.
  • the inventive drive system has the particular advantage that the rotational direction of the input 4 is reversible, and thus the shaft of input 4 may even undergo reciprocating rotary motion. Thanks to that, the drive system according to the invention may be advantageously utilized in tidal or wave power plants.
  • connection scheme of the drive means is described in detail referring to Fig. 2.
  • the drive means is a two degree-of-freedom gear drive having two differential gear systems Dl, D2 comprising sun or ring gears p j , q ⁇ , P2, q2 and planet gears connected through bearings to planet carriers r ⁇ , ⁇ .
  • Differential gear systems Dl and D2 can be for instance connected by means of planet carrier r ⁇ , sun and ring gears $2 > ⁇ i » ⁇ 2' tnrou S n shafts 22, 24 and 23, 25, via single degree-of-freedom drive gears Hl, H2.
  • the input shaft 21 of sun or ring gear p ⁇ and the output shaft 28 of planet carrier ⁇ are not directly connected to any of the central elements.
  • the input and output element can be a sun or ring gear as well as a planet carrier.
  • Drive gears Hl, H2 may be implemented as simple gear drives, planetary gear sets, chain drives or other types of drive, the sole requirement being that they should exactly (that is, with an error of 0%) realize the necessary kinematic gear ratio.
  • the constant kinematic gear ratio of the drive is determined by the respective internal kinematic gear ratios L j ⁇ l 311 ⁇ *n2 ⁇ 2 0 ⁇ differential gear systems Dl and D2, and the respective kinematic gear ratios k ⁇ i , k-rro of drive gears Hl,
  • Fig. 3 shows the kinematic scheme of an embodiment of the drive means illustrated in Fig. 2, with a non-coaxial configuration comprising bevel gear differential gear systems and cylindrical-gear drive gears.
  • the input shaft 32 of differential gear system Dl and the output shaft 38 of differential gear system D2 are connected to each other through drive gears Hl, H2.
  • Internal gear ratios (the kinematic gear ratios of central bevel gears in the reference frame of the planet carrier) of the differential gears systems can be chosen arbitrarily (in the configuration shown in the drawing, they have the value of -1).
  • the kinematic gear ratio of drive gears Hl, H2 can vary in a wide range, corresponding to application requirements.
  • Fig. 4 shows a coaxial configuration of the drive means shown in Fig. 3, with input 41 and output 48 being shown for the case where the kinematic gear ratio of drive gear H2 is 1, meaning that the corresponding central gears of the differential gear systems can be interconnected directly and also that the kinematic gear ratio of drive gear Hl is negative.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show the kinematic scheme of coaxial drive means built from cylindrical-gear differential gear systems, indicating inputs 51, 61 and outputs 58, 68.
  • the internal gear ratios of differential gear systems Dl and D2 are -1, with the kinematic gear ratio of drive gear H2 being 1 (direct coupling).
  • the solution illustrated in Fig. 6 differs from the one shown in Fig. 5 in that the negative internal gear ratios of differential gear systems Dl, D2 are different from -1.
  • the drive system according to the invention provides connection between the variable-speed, reversible-direction input and the constant-speed generator solely with the application of positive (shape-fit) mechanical connections, by means of gears, providing the necessary constant rpm of the generator without external control devices, only by means of the synchronous motor.
  • positive (shape-fit) mechanical connections by means of gears, providing the necessary constant rpm of the generator without external control devices, only by means of the synchronous motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d’entraînement par engrenages de stabilisation de vitesse pour générer une énergie électrique de qualité utilitaire, qui possède un moyen d’entraînement (1) relié à une entrée de vitesse variable (4) et à un générateur (2). L’invention est essentiellement caractérisée en ce que le moyen d’entraînement à deux degrés de liberté (1) comprend deux systèmes d’engrenages différentiels (D1, D2) qui contiennent des planétaires et/ou des couronnes et des engrenages satellites, les engrenages satellites étant reliés par l’intermédiaire de paliers à un porte-satellite, des engrenages d’entraînement de degré de liberté unique (H1, H2) étant disposés entre les systèmes d’engrenages différentiels (D1, D2). Deux des planétaires et/ou des couronnes et/ou des porte-satellites des systèmes d’engrenages différentiels (D1, D2) sont reliés mutuellement, le planétaire ou la couronne ou le porte-satellite non relié mutuellement du premier système d’engrenage différentiel (D1) étant relié à un moteur synchrone (3), et le planétaire ou la couronne ou le porte-satellite non relié mutuellement du second système d’engrenage différentiel (D2) étant relié au générateur (2). L’entrée (4) est reliée à l’un des deux planétaires et/ou couronnes et/ou porte-satellites reliés mutuellement des systèmes d’engrenages différentiels (D1, D2) et/ou à l’un des deux engrenages d’entraînement (H1, H2), le rapport d’engrenage cinématique du moyen d’entraînement (1) étant constant entre les points de liaison du moteur synchrone (3) et du générateur (4).
PCT/HU2006/000084 2005-10-04 2006-09-28 Système d’entraînement par engrenages de stabilisation de vitesse pour générer une énergie électrique Ceased WO2007042847A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUP0500917 2005-10-04
HU0500917A HUP0500917A2 (en) 2005-10-04 2005-10-04 Rotational speed stabilizer for generator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007042847A1 true WO2007042847A1 (fr) 2007-04-19

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HU (1) HUP0500917A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007042847A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010040166A3 (fr) * 2008-10-09 2010-10-07 Gerald Hehenberger Éolienne
WO2010040168A3 (fr) * 2008-10-09 2010-11-18 Gerald Hehenberger Éolienne
US8845471B2 (en) 2013-01-23 2014-09-30 General Electric Company Variable input synchronous output drivetrain for wind turbine
WO2015055441A1 (fr) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-23 Universiteit Gent Centrale houlomotrice
US9847697B2 (en) 2013-10-15 2017-12-19 Universiteit Gent Wave energy convertor
CN107685828A (zh) * 2017-09-19 2018-02-13 八方电气(苏州)股份有限公司 电动自行车无级变速传动装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1323617A (fr) * 1962-02-27 1963-04-12 Variateur de vitesse mécanique à couple variable
US3119282A (en) * 1961-01-31 1964-01-28 Douglas D Raze Variable speed power transmission
US4109551A (en) * 1977-01-12 1978-08-29 Nemec Allen R Variable speed gear ratio transmission apparatus
EP0110471A1 (fr) * 1982-12-02 1984-06-13 TEMA S.p.A. Méthode et appareil pour la conversion d'énergie éolienne en énergie électrique
GB2219640A (en) * 1988-04-20 1989-12-13 Richard Thomas White Drive transmission apparatus
US5140170A (en) * 1988-11-30 1992-08-18 Henderson Geoffrey M Power generating system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3119282A (en) * 1961-01-31 1964-01-28 Douglas D Raze Variable speed power transmission
FR1323617A (fr) * 1962-02-27 1963-04-12 Variateur de vitesse mécanique à couple variable
US4109551A (en) * 1977-01-12 1978-08-29 Nemec Allen R Variable speed gear ratio transmission apparatus
EP0110471A1 (fr) * 1982-12-02 1984-06-13 TEMA S.p.A. Méthode et appareil pour la conversion d'énergie éolienne en énergie électrique
GB2219640A (en) * 1988-04-20 1989-12-13 Richard Thomas White Drive transmission apparatus
US5140170A (en) * 1988-11-30 1992-08-18 Henderson Geoffrey M Power generating system

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010040166A3 (fr) * 2008-10-09 2010-10-07 Gerald Hehenberger Éolienne
WO2010040168A3 (fr) * 2008-10-09 2010-11-18 Gerald Hehenberger Éolienne
US8845471B2 (en) 2013-01-23 2014-09-30 General Electric Company Variable input synchronous output drivetrain for wind turbine
WO2015055441A1 (fr) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-23 Universiteit Gent Centrale houlomotrice
US9784238B2 (en) 2013-10-15 2017-10-10 Universiteit Gent Wave energy convertor
US9847697B2 (en) 2013-10-15 2017-12-19 Universiteit Gent Wave energy convertor
CN107685828A (zh) * 2017-09-19 2018-02-13 八方电气(苏州)股份有限公司 电动自行车无级变速传动装置
CN107685828B (zh) * 2017-09-19 2023-03-24 八方电气(苏州)股份有限公司 电动自行车无级变速传动装置

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Publication number Publication date
HU0500917D0 (en) 2005-12-28
HUP0500917A2 (en) 2007-06-28

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