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WO2006134867A1 - Pile à combustible - Google Patents

Pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006134867A1
WO2006134867A1 PCT/JP2006/311743 JP2006311743W WO2006134867A1 WO 2006134867 A1 WO2006134867 A1 WO 2006134867A1 JP 2006311743 W JP2006311743 W JP 2006311743W WO 2006134867 A1 WO2006134867 A1 WO 2006134867A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grooves
cooling fluid
flow path
separator
fuel cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2006/311743
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shinsuke Takeguchi
Kazuhito Hatoh
Hiroki Kusakabe
Yasuo Takebe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Publication of WO2006134867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006134867A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel cell used for a portable power source, a power source for electric vehicles, a domestic cogeneration system, and the like.
  • an electrode catalyst for example, platinum
  • a polymer electrolyte membrane 201 that selectively transports hydrogen ions.
  • Catalyst layers 202a and 202b made of a mixture of a catalyst body made of carbon powder supporting (metal) and a polymer electrolyte having hydrogen ion conductivity are formed.
  • Gas diffusion layers 203a and 203b are disposed outside the catalyst layers 202a and 202b.
  • the catalyst layer 202a and the gas diffusion layer 203a constitute an anode 204a, and the catalyst layer 202b and the gas diffusion layer 203b are in force.
  • Sword 204b is configured. Then, the catalyst layer 202a of the anode 204a, equation (1): H ⁇ reaction protons caused by represented by 2H + + 2e ", the force Sword 204b touch
  • Gaskets 206a and 206b are disposed around the anode 204a and the force sword 204b with the polymer electrolyte membrane 201 interposed therebetween to prevent mixing of various types of gases.
  • Gaskets 206a and 206b are composed of anode 204a, force sword 204b, A structure obtained by assembling together with the subelectrolyte membrane 201 and combining them together may be referred to as MEA.
  • the unit cell 210 includes conductive plate-like separators 205a and 205b for mechanically fixing and electrically connecting adjacent unit cells. Then, the reaction gas (fuel gas or oxidant gas) is supplied to the anode 204a or the power sword 204b to the part where the separators 205a and 205b are in contact with the anode 204a and the power sword 204b, respectively. Gas flow paths 207a and 207b for carrying away excess gas are formed.
  • cooling water passages 208a and 208b are provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the gas passages 207a and 207b are formed, and a cooling fluid such as cooling water is provided here. Is distributed.
  • the cooling water channels 208a and 208b include a plurality of linear grooves, a turn-shaped groove that connects the ends of the adjacent linear grooves from the upstream side to the downstream side, and a powerful serpentine type A cooling water flow path is often used, and the grooves are generally formed at equal intervals.
  • the cooling water channels 208a and 208b may be constituted by a plurality of substantially parallel linear grooves, but in this case as well, the grooves are generally formed at equal intervals.
  • the cooling capacity of the cooling fluid is determined by the flow path for oxidant gas and Z or fuel gas. It is configured so that the outlet side is lower than the inlet side of the flow path, and more heat is removed in the region on the inlet side where the calorific value is excessive, and saturation occurs due to the temperature rise of the reaction gas on the outlet side.
  • Methods have been proposed that are intended to increase the water vapor and increase the water discharge.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-39540
  • the number of rib portions separating the grooves is reduced in the downstream region of the cooling water flow path of the separator where the cooling capacity is reduced.
  • the number of grooves is reduced, and the width of the grooves ⁇ that is, the pitch between the channels ⁇ is extremely wide.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cooling water flow path on the downstream side increases, the speed at which the cooling water flows per unit area on the downstream side or the outlet side decreases, and the heat exchange amount to the cooling water decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to flow excess cooling water in order to achieve a predetermined amount of heat removal in the plane of the cell, and the work of the pump that supplies the cooling water increases, and the fuel cell is systemized. Another problem is that it reduces the overall efficiency of the entire system.
  • the separator described in Patent Document 1 the number of grooves is reduced by reducing the number of rib portions separating the grooves in the downstream region. Therefore, it is inferior in mechanical strength, and when a single cell using the separator is laminated and a stack for a fuel cell is manufactured and fastened, there is a concern that the separator may be cracked or cracked due to mechanical fatigue. There is also a problem that the contact area between the separator and the anode or the force sword is small and the efficiency is lowered due to an increase in electrical resistance.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is applied to the entire fuel cell. Without reducing the cooling efficiency due to the cooling fluid, the cooling effect on the inlet side of the flow path for fuel gas and the flow path for oxidant gas is higher than that on the outlet side. Since the temperature distribution can be realized and the cooling efficiency is increased, it becomes unnecessary to supply the cooling water unnecessarily, so that the cooling fluid can be circulated without increasing the power consumption of the pump. It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable polymer electrolyte fuel cell with excellent durability and heat recovery capability, which is less prone to cracks and cracks due to mechanical fatigue and increases in electrical resistance. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a cell router capable of easily and surely realizing the polymer electrolyte fuel cell as described above.
  • the cooling fluid channel is composed of two or more grooves, and the fuel gas channel and the oxidant gas channel.
  • the gap between the grooves constituting the cooling fluid flow path is widened from at least one of the inlets to the outlet, and the number of grooves is the same from the inlet to the outlet.
  • the present inventors have found that the above-described problems can be solved by adopting a configuration in which the widths of the grooves equal to or larger than the above are constant from the above-mentioned inlet to the outlet, and the present invention has been completed.
  • Conductive anode side including a polymer electrolyte membrane having hydrogen ion conductivity, an anode and a force sword sandwiching the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a fuel gas passage for supplying and discharging fuel gas to and from the anode
  • a unit cell comprising a separator and a conductive power sword side separator including a flow path for an oxidant gas for supplying and discharging an oxidant gas to the power sword;
  • a cooling fluid flow path including at least one groove of at least one of the anode side separator and the force sword side separator;
  • the distance between adjacent grooves of the two or more grooves is determined by the fuel gas flow path and the oxidation flow path.
  • the force S that extends from at least one of the agent gas flow paths to the outlet spreads, and the number of two or more grooves is the same from the inlet to the outlet.
  • a fuel cell characterized in that the width of each of the two or more grooves is constant up to the inlet force and the outlet.
  • the cooling efficiency by the cooling fluid in the entire fuel cell is not lowered, and the outlet side of at least one of the fuel gas channel and the oxidant gas channel is reduced. It is possible to increase the cooling effect on the inlet side to realize a preferable temperature distribution in the plane of the unit cell, and to realize such a preferable temperature distribution without increasing the pressure loss. Cooling fluid can be circulated without reducing the volume (pump efficiency), and it is difficult to cause cracks and cracks due to mechanical fatigue of the separator and increase in electrical resistance.Excellent durability and heat recovery In addition, a highly reliable polymer electrolyte fuel cell can be provided.
  • the present invention eliminates such a conventional problem and reduces at least one of the fuel gas flow path and the oxidant gas flow path without reducing the cooling efficiency by the cooling fluid in the entire fuel cell.
  • the cooling effect on the inlet side can be enhanced rather than the outlet side of the cell, and a suitable temperature distribution can be realized in the plane of the unit cell.
  • the cooling fluid can be circulated without reducing the amount of work (pump efficiency), and it is difficult for cracks and cracks to occur due to mechanical fatigue of the separator and increase in electrical resistance!
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable polymer electrolyte fuel cell with excellent heat recovery capability.
  • the present invention reduces the cooling efficiency by the cooling fluid in the entire fuel cell.
  • the cooling effect on the inlet side of the fuel gas channel and the oxidant gas channel can be enhanced more than the outlet side of the fuel gas channel and the oxidant gas channel, and a suitable temperature distribution can be realized in the plane of the unit cell.
  • the present invention by adopting the above-described configuration, at least one of the fuel gas channel and the oxidant gas channel without reducing the cooling efficiency by the cooling fluid in the entire fuel cell.
  • the cooling effect on the inlet side can be enhanced rather than one outlet side to achieve a suitable temperature distribution in the plane of the unit cell, and such a suitable temperature distribution can be realized without increasing the pressure loss. Therefore, the cooling fluid can be circulated without reducing the work volume (pump efficiency), and it is difficult to cause cracks and cracks due to mechanical fatigue of the separator and increase in electrical resistance, durability and heat recovery.
  • a polymer electrolyte fuel cell with excellent performance can be provided. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily and reliably realize the polymer electrolyte fuel cell as described above, and it is difficult to cause cracks or cracks due to mechanical fatigue or increase in electrical resistance.
  • a separator can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the basic configuration of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) included in a unit cell mounted on a polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention.
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • FIG. 4 is a rear view of the separator 5a on the anode 4a side in the unit cell 110 shown in FIG. 3, that is, a front view seen from the fuel gas flow path 7a side.
  • FIG.5 Power sword in unit cell 110 shown in Fig. 2 Separator 5b for cooling fluid 5b It is the front view seen from the flow path 8b side.
  • FIG. 6 is a rear view of the separator 5b on the side of the force sword 4b in the unit cell 110 shown in FIG. 5, that is, a front view of the side force of the oxidizing gas channel 7b.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of the separator 4a on the anode 4a side used in the comparative example of the present invention as viewed from the cooling fluid channel 8a side.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a basic configuration of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) included in a unit cell mounted on a conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
  • MEA membrane electrode assembly
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the basic configuration of a unit cell using the membrane electrode assembly shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a basic configuration of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) included in a unit cell mounted on a polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the basic configuration of a unit cell using the membrane electrode assembly shown in FIG.
  • a polymer electrolyte membrane that selectively transports hydrogen ions for example, Naf ion (trade name, manufactured by DuPont, USA)
  • catalyst layers 2a and 2b are formed which are a mixture force of conductive carbon particles carrying an electrode catalyst (for example, a noble metal such as platinum) and a polymer electrolyte having hydrogen ion conductivity.
  • the catalyst layers 2a and 2b are formed by a method known in the art using a catalyst layer forming ink containing conductive carbon particles supporting a noble metal electrode catalyst, a high molecular electrolyte, and a dispersion medium. can do.
  • Gas diffusion layers 3a and 3b are disposed outside the catalyst layers 2a and 2b.
  • the catalyst layer 2a and the gas diffusion layer 3a constitute an anode 4a.
  • the catalyst layer 2b and the gas diffusion layer 3b Constitutes power sword 4b.
  • the material constituting the gas diffusion layers 3a and 3b is not particularly limited, and those known in the art can be used.
  • carbon cloth and carbon paper One such conductive porous substrate can be used.
  • the conductive porous substrate may be subjected to a water repellent treatment by a conventionally known method.
  • the MEA 100 can also be produced from the polymer electrolyte membrane 1, the catalyst layers 2a and 2b, and the gas diffusion layers 3a and 3b as described above by techniques known in the art.
  • gaskets 6a and 6b are disposed around the anode 4a and the force sword 4b with the polymer electrolyte membrane 1 interposed therebetween.
  • Conventionally known gaskets can be used as the gaskets 6a and 6b.
  • the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention comprises one or more unit cells 110 as described above. On both sides of the unit cell 110, conductive plate-like separators 5a and 5b are arranged. Then, the reaction gas (fuel gas or oxidant gas) is supplied to the anode 4a or the power sword 4b to the part where the separators 5a and 5b are in contact with the anode 4a and the power sword 4b, respectively, and the generated gas and surplus gas are carried away. Gas flow paths 7a and 7b for the purpose are formed. Such separators 5a and 5b mechanically fix and electrically connect adjacent unit cells when two or more unit cells 110 are stacked and used.
  • the MEA 100 when power is generated in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, the MEA 100 generates heat. Therefore, in order to maintain the temperature of the MEA 100 at an allowable operating temperature, a surplus heat is generated by circulating a cooling fluid such as cooling water. Is removed, that is, heat recovery is performed. Therefore, in both the separators 5a and 5b in the present embodiment, the cooling water flow paths 8a and 8b are provided on the surface opposite to the surface where the gas flow paths 7a and 7b are formed. The cooling fluid is circulated.
  • a cooling fluid such as cooling water.
  • the cooling fluid channels 8a and 8b are formed on both sides of the unit cell 110.
  • the unit cells 2 to A cooling fluid flow path may be arranged for every three.
  • a cooling fluid flow path is not formed between the cells, a fuel gas flow path is provided on one side and an oxidant gas flow path is provided on the other side.
  • a single separator that also serves as the sword side separator plate.
  • a separator plate there are a metal, a carbon, a material excellent in thermal conductivity and conductivity obtained by mixing graphite and resin, and these can be widely used.
  • a separator plate obtained by injection molding a mixture of carbon powder and a binder, or a titanium or stainless steel separator plate whose surface is gold-plated can also be used.
  • each of the grooves 8a and 8a is the same as that of the inlet.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the separator 5b on the force sword 4b side of the unit cell 110 shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from the cooling fluid flow path 8b side.
  • FIG. 6 is a rear view of the separator 5b on the side of the force sword 4b in the unit cell 110 shown in FIG. 5, that is, a front view of the oxidant gas channel 7b side force.
  • the separator 5b has an oxidant gas flow path 7b connecting the oxidant gas merge holes 11 and 12 on the surface facing the force sword 4b, and a cooling fluid hold on the back surface.
  • a cooling fluid flow path 8b connecting the holes 13 and 14 is provided.
  • the region surrounded by the broken line 15 corresponds to the region where the power generation unit including the force sword 4b of the MEA 100 is located.
  • the distribution of the cooling fluid can be improved to be closer to a uniform state. Further, since the flow path length of the cooling fluid flow path can be shortened without reducing the cooling efficiency, the pressure loss can be reduced, and the reduction in system efficiency can be suppressed. , Multiple grooves 8b, 8b force
  • the reaction gas flow path inlets in the separators 5a and 5b in the present invention (the fuel gas inlet side hold hole 9 and the oxidant gas inlet side hold hole)
  • the amount of cooling fluid contributing to heat exchange increases per unit volume of the separators 5a and 5b.
  • the separator 5a On the other hand, on the outlet side of the reaction gas flow path in the separators 5a and 5b (the fuel gas outlet side hold hole 10 and the oxidant gas outlet side hold hole 12), that is, on the downstream side, the separator 5a
  • the amount of cooling fluid that contributes to heat exchange is reduced per unit volume of 5b.
  • the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention has a cooling fluid channel and a separator as compared with a conventional cooling fluid channel comprising a plurality of grooves formed at equal intervals.
  • the total length of the cooling fluid flow path is shortened, and there is an advantage that pressure loss is reduced when the same amount of cooling fluid is circulated. Therefore, considering the maintenance of the conventional pressure loss, the flow rate of the cooling fluid can be increased, and a relatively large amount of heat is removed from the inlet side of the conventional cooling fluid channel. The amount of heat can be removed.
  • the cooling efficiency by the cooling fluid in the entire fuel cell is not lowered, and at least one outlet side of the fuel gas flow path and the oxidant gas flow path is provided.
  • the cooling effect on the inlet side can be enhanced and a suitable temperature distribution can be realized in the plane of the unit cell.
  • the cooling fluid can be circulated without reducing the work amount (pump efficiency), and the separator is cracked due to mechanical fatigue.
  • FIG. 3 shows the inlet gas manifold hole 11 and the oxidizing gas outlet manifold hole 12, and the cooling fluid inlet hole 13 and cooling fluid outlet hole 14. It is preferable to provide at the positions shown in -6.
  • the oxidant gas inlet side hold hole 11, the fuel gas inlet side hold hole 9 and the cooling fluid inlet port are provided in the upper half position.
  • An inlet gas hold hole 11 for the oxidant gas which is preferably provided close to the side hold hole 13, is more effective.
  • the fuel gas outlet side hole 10, the oxidant gas outlet side hole 12, and the cooling fluid outlet side hole 14 are in the lower half position. If so, they may be provided close to each other or separated from each other.
  • the cooling fluid channel may be provided as a cathode-side separator.
  • a pair of channels may be formed by providing grooves on both anode side separators, or a channel for cooling fluid may be formed between both separators by providing grooves on only one separator.
  • the constituent elements other than the structure of the separator plate can be appropriately selected within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
  • Acetylene black (Denka Black manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., particle size: 35 nm), which is a conductive carbon particle, was added to a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) aqueous disperse rayon (Daikin Industries, Ltd.).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • a water repellent ink containing 20% by mass of PTFE as a dry mass was prepared by mixing with D1). The dry mass is such that PTFE is not decomposed and the dispersion medium is sufficiently removed. Obtained experimentally under the following conditions.
  • This water-repellent ink is applied and impregnated on carbon paper (TGPH060H manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.), which is a conductive porous substrate that constitutes the gas diffusion layer, and is heated at 300 ° C using a hot air dryer. Heat-treated to form a gas diffusion layer (about 200 ⁇ m)
  • a catalyst obtained by supporting platinum particles on Ketjen Black (Ketjen Black EC, particle size 30 nm) manufactured by Ketjen Black International Co., Ltd., which is conductive carbon particles ( Perfluorocarbon sulfonate ionomer (a 5 mass 0 / oNafion dispersion manufactured by Aldrich, USA), 33 parts by mass (polymer) Dry mass).
  • Ketjen Black Ketjen Black EC, particle size 30 nm
  • conductive carbon particles Perfluorocarbon sulfonate ionomer (a 5 mass 0 / oNafion dispersion manufactured by Aldrich, USA), 33 parts by mass (polymer) Dry mass).
  • the obtained mixture was molded to form a catalyst layer (thickness 10 to 20; ⁇ ⁇ ).
  • the dry mass was experimentally determined under conditions where the polymer electrolyte was not decomposed and the dispersion medium was sufficiently removed.
  • FIG. 2 a unit cell having the structure shown in FIG. 2 was produced using the MEA.
  • the anode side separator 5a having the structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 and the structure shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 were used, using a graphite plate impregnated with phenol resin having an outer size of 30 cm ⁇ 32 cm ⁇ 2.5 mm.
  • the separator 5a, 5b is provided with an oxidant gas inlet hole 11 and an oxidant gas outlet hole 12, a fuel gas inlet hole 9 and a fuel gas outlet.
  • the side mar- hold hole 10, the cooling fluid inlet-side mar- mal hole 13, and the cooling fluid outlet-side mar- mal hole 14 were formed by cutting using an end mill.
  • rubber plate-like gaskets 6a and 6b were disposed and joined to the outer peripheral portion of the polymer electrolyte membrane 1 in the MEA 100 at a portion corresponding to the broken line 15 in FIGS.
  • the shape of the cooling fluid flow path in the separator 5a on the anode 4a side is constituted by two parallel grooves as shown in FIG.
  • Each groove consists of 22 straight lines extending in the horizontal direction and 10 turn sections connecting adjacent straight lines.
  • the shape of the cooling water flow path in the separator 5b on the side of the force sword 4b is also composed of two parallel grooves, and in the region surrounded by the broken line 15, each groove is divided into 22 horizontal directions. It consists of 10 straight turns that connect the adjacent straight parts.
  • a polymer electrolyte fuel cell for comparison was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • a mixed gas of 80% hydrogen, 20% carbon dioxide, and 20ppm carbon monoxide was supplied after being moistened. At this time, it was humidified so that the dew point of the mixed gas was 70 ° C.
  • the oxidizing agent gas air was humidified and supplied. The air was humidified so that the dew point was 70 ° C.
  • the temperature of the cooling water, which is the cooling fluid supplied to the fuel cell, was 70 ° C
  • the current density was 0.3 A / cm 2
  • the fuel utilization rate was 70%
  • the oxygen utilization rate was 40%.
  • the change with time of the voltage of the fuel cells 1 and 2 was measured. According to this, the tendency of the battery voltage of the comparative fuel cell 2 to decrease was larger than that of the fuel cell 1 of the present invention. This is because the fuel cell 1 can remove more of the heat generated by power generation concentration at the inlet side of the fuel gas flow path and the oxidant gas flow path, and the temperature rise of the MEA can be reduced. This is thought to be because the deterioration of MEA100 on the inlet side was suppressed.
  • the pressure loss when circulating the cooling water is approximately the length of the cooling fluid channel. 30% of the auxiliary equipment when the fuel cell 1 is installed in the system. A reduction in power was achieved.
  • the cooling efficiency by the cooling fluid in the entire fuel cell is not reduced, and the outlet side of at least one of the fuel gas channel and the oxidant gas channel is reduced.
  • the cooling effect on the inlet side can be enhanced to achieve a suitable temperature distribution in the plane of the unit cell, and in order to realize such a suitable temperature distribution without increasing the pressure loss, the work load Cooling fluid can be circulated without reducing (pump efficiency), cracking due to mechanical fatigue of the separator, occurrence of cracks, and increase in electrical resistance, excellent durability and heat recovery capability
  • a polymer electrolyte fuel cell can be provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract

Pile à combustible polyélectrolyte à haute fiabilité présentant une durabilité et une puissance de récupération de chaleur excellentes en améliorant l'effet de refroidissement plus du côté de l'admission que du côté de l'échappement d’au moins un canal choisi entre un canal de gaz combustible et un canal de gaz oxydant sans abaisser l’efficacité de refroidissement totale du fluide de refroidissement. Au moins un séparateur choisi parmi un séparateur du côté de l’anode et un séparateur du côté de la cathode comporte un canal de fluide de refroidissement constitué de deux ou plusieurs sillons. Tout en élargissant graduellement l’intervalle entre les sillons depuis une admission vers l’échappement d’au moins un canal choisi entre un canal de gaz combustible et un canal de gaz oxydant, le nombre de sillons est maintenu constant et les largeurs de deux ou plusieurs sillons restent constantes depuis l’admission jusqu’à l’échappement.
PCT/JP2006/311743 2005-06-13 2006-06-12 Pile à combustible Ceased WO2006134867A1 (fr)

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JP2005172755 2005-06-13
JP2005-172755 2005-06-13

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3033667A1 (fr) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-16 Snecma Empilement ameliore pour pile a combustible pour l'etablissement d'un debit homogene

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JPS6273568A (ja) * 1985-09-26 1987-04-04 Toshiba Corp 燃料電池
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JPH0329271A (ja) * 1989-06-26 1991-02-07 Hitachi Ltd 燃料電池冷却器
JPH05144451A (ja) * 1991-11-20 1993-06-11 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池の反応ガス・冷却媒体通流構造
JPH08306370A (ja) * 1995-04-28 1996-11-22 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 積層リン酸型燃料電池
JPH09245809A (ja) * 1996-03-07 1997-09-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 燃料電池の冷却装置
JP2004247289A (ja) * 2003-01-20 2004-09-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃料電池及びその運転方法

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JPS59149658A (ja) * 1983-02-02 1984-08-27 Toshiba Corp 燃料電池
JPS6273568A (ja) * 1985-09-26 1987-04-04 Toshiba Corp 燃料電池
JPS63155561A (ja) * 1986-12-18 1988-06-28 Toshiba Corp 燃料電池
JPH0329271A (ja) * 1989-06-26 1991-02-07 Hitachi Ltd 燃料電池冷却器
JPH05144451A (ja) * 1991-11-20 1993-06-11 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池の反応ガス・冷却媒体通流構造
JPH08306370A (ja) * 1995-04-28 1996-11-22 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 積層リン酸型燃料電池
JPH09245809A (ja) * 1996-03-07 1997-09-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 燃料電池の冷却装置
JP2004247289A (ja) * 2003-01-20 2004-09-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃料電池及びその運転方法

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FR3033667A1 (fr) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-16 Snecma Empilement ameliore pour pile a combustible pour l'etablissement d'un debit homogene

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