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WO2006121335A1 - Procédé et système de production de vapeur - Google Patents

Procédé et système de production de vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006121335A1
WO2006121335A1 PCT/NO2005/000165 NO2005000165W WO2006121335A1 WO 2006121335 A1 WO2006121335 A1 WO 2006121335A1 NO 2005000165 W NO2005000165 W NO 2005000165W WO 2006121335 A1 WO2006121335 A1 WO 2006121335A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
pressure generator
low pressure
water
high pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2005/000165
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Terje Kaspersen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kanfa Tec AS
Original Assignee
Kanfa Tec AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kanfa Tec AS filed Critical Kanfa Tec AS
Priority to PCT/NO2005/000165 priority Critical patent/WO2006121335A1/fr
Publication of WO2006121335A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006121335A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
    • F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a system for generating substantially pure steam as recited in the preamble of claim 1 and claim 8, respectively.
  • a recognized method for reducing the emissions is to inject steam at a pressure somewhat higher than the combustion chamber pressure into the combustion chamber of the gas turbine in order to reduce the combustion temperature and thereby the formation of thermal NOx.
  • the emissions may be reduced substantially, from about 200-300 ppm down to below 25 ppm without loss of efficiency.
  • This is regarded as one of the better measures for reducing NOx emissions from gas turbines on installations in the North Sea. It is relatively easy to perform, but the main problem is simply to provide the water necessary for producing the steam. The steam may quite simply be produced in a waste heat boiler. Since the steam consumption is high and the steam injected into the combustion chamber is lost, large amounts of water have to be produced. Today, the platforms rarely have extra water capacity. Furthermore, the available space for installing water production plants is limited.
  • the common way of producing the steam for STIG is to install a waste heat boiler in the exhaust conduit (also called Heat Recovery Steam Generator, HRSG) .
  • HRSG Heat Recovery Steam Generator
  • Pressurized water is fed to this generator, and heat is transferred to the water in the waste heat boiler so that the water evaporates and is overheated before the steam is conducted to the gas turbine.
  • the water supplied to the waste heat boiler must be of a very high quality in order to limit corrosion and deposit formation in the waste heat boiler and because very strict purity requirements are imposed on the steam to be injected into the gas turbine. Due to the requirement imposed on the feedwater by current standards (e.g. EN 12952) , the water must be completely desalinated and deaerated. In order for this to be achieved, the water must be treated in a desalination plant.
  • sea water first must be fed to a plant producing fresh water from sea water (typically by reverse osmosis or a distillation plant) , whereupon the water is fed to a total desalination plant before it can be fed to the waste heat boiler.
  • the system must have a buffer tank and deaerating tower (the deaeration depends on the choice of materials) .
  • a gas turbine installation comprising a compressor which is driven by a first turbine, and a second power producing turbine. Between the compres- sor and the first turbine a combustion chamber is arranged operating at a relatively high pressure, whereas between the first turbine and the power producing turbine a second combustion chamber is arranged operating at a lower pressure. Both water and steam are fed to the first combustion chamber at said relatively high pressure, while steam at a lower pressure is fed to the second combustion chamber.
  • the high pressure steam and low pressure steam are generated in a steam boiler of the HRSG type having two compartments .
  • the boiler is furnished with fresh water from a desalina- tion plant based on reverse osmosis.
  • the major part of the water production on an offshore installation in the Norwegian sector takes place by the use of distillation plants. They have a very high heat requirement and use a heating medium as heat source.
  • the heating medium is usually heated by high temperature energy (about 500 0 C) taken from the gas turbine exhaust.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to build a waste heat boiler utilising sea water as feedwater. Furthermore, it is desirable to utilise low temperature energy present in exhaust gas from a gas turbine for distilling water and therefore obviating the installation of a large fresh water production plant. Common problems regarding deposit formation will thereby be avoided by lowering the evaporation pressure to a sub-atmospheric pressure. In addition, it is suggested to omit the common feedwater tank (buffer tank) and the common deaerating process and let these functions be integrated in the system. The result will be a plant having fewer components than usual, and the plant can therefore be very compact and relatively light .
  • the invention provides a steam plant using sea water from the sea water system of the platform as feedwater, and which integrates distilling and desalination in the steam plant .
  • the residual heat in the exhaust after the exhaust having passed an ordinary part of the steam boiler may therefore be used as a source of energy for the distillation. This heat would otherwise* not be utilised.
  • the distillation In order to utilise this residual heat the distillation must take place at a low pressure, and the plant must therefore have two pressure levels, where the high pressure part is as in an ordinary steam plant, while the low pressure level is used for distilling sea water.
  • a variant of this scheme may also be used to recover steam having been injected into the gas turbine. By lowering the exhaust temperature sufficiently for the steam in the exhaust to condense (typically 40-60 0 C) , the condensed water may be drained off and recovered.
  • Figure 1 shows a process flow plan for a steam generating system according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a process flow plan for a modified embodiment of the steam generating system illustrated in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a first embodiment of a steam generating system according to the invention.
  • the system comprises a low pressure generator generally designated 1 and a high pressure generator generally designated 2.
  • the low pressure generator 1 comprises an evaporator 3 , a separator 4 and a condenser 5, with appurtenant pipes, pumps and valves.
  • the evaporator 3 is arranged in an exhaust conduit 7 conducting exhaust gases 8 from a gas turbine (not shown) .
  • the plant is located on an offshore installation.
  • Feedwater in the form of sea water 9 is taken from the sea water mains of the installation and is fed through the condenser 5, where it serves the purpose of a cooling medium while concurrently being preheated.
  • the sea water continues via a level regulating valve 10 in through the bottom of the separator 4. From there, the water goes to a circulation pump 11 causing transportation of the water through the evaporator 3. In the evaporator, parts of the water will evaporate, resulting in a mixture of water and steam flowing into the separator 4 where steam is separated from the water.
  • the water is mixed with the incoming feedwater and is circulated anew by means of the pump 11.
  • the circulating water will have a higher salinity than the feedwater, and in order to avoid too strong a salt concentration, a part of the circulating water is drained off downstream of the pump 11 via the drainage valve 12. The drained water may be dumped overboard.
  • the steam in the separator 4 is led via a pressure regulating valve 13 to the condenser 5, where it is condensed through heat exchange with the sea water 9 flowing therethrough. If the flow rate of feedwater to the separator 4 is not sufficient to keep the desired temperature in the condenser 5, the flow rate through the condenser may be increased by opening the temperature regulating valve 14, which dumps a suitable amount of sea water overboard 6.
  • Oxygen and inert gases released from the water in the evaporator 3 will collect in the condenser 5 and may be removed therefrom by means of a vacuum pump 15. This is because a sub-atmospheric pressure may exist in the condenser 5 if one wishes to lower the temperature in the evaporator 3 sufficiently for water vapour in the exhaust gases 8 to be condensed out for recycling.
  • a collecting device 16 for condensate is arranged in the exhaust duct 7 below the evaporator 3. The condensate may be sucked up into the separator 4 via a regulating valve 17.
  • a pump may also be arranged in the pipe between the collecting device 16 and the separator. In such a system one will not only recover steam having been injected into the gas turbine, but one will also take out more heat from the exhaust gases than usual for common HRSG plants.
  • the condensate formed in the condenser 5 is conducted via a feedwater pump 18 to the high pressure generator 2 of the system, more specifically via a level regulating valve 19 into the separator 20 of the generator. From this separator the feedwater is circulated via the pump 21 through a high pressure evaporator 22. In a manner similar to the one in the low pressure generator, parts of the water circulating in the high pressure evaporator 22 will evaporate and be conducted as steam out of the separator 20 to an overheater 23 , and further via a regulating valve 24 to the consumer 25 of the steam, in this case the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. If there is still some salt left in the water leaving the low pressure generator, it will be concentrated in the liquid in the separator 20. In order to keep the salt content low, some of the liquid in the separator may be drained off through the valve 26.
  • FIG. 2 a modified, somewhat simplified embodiment of the steam generating system according to the invention is shown.
  • the same reference numerals are used for parts having like parts in Figure 1.
  • the embodiment in Figure 2 is func- tionally different in that the sea water fed to the low pressure generator does not go into the separator, nor does a circulation loop go through the separator and the evaporator. Instead, the feedwater goes through a flow rate regulating valve 27 directly into the evaporator 3 and from there into a separator 28, which is arranged vertically and having a steam outlet at the upper end and a water outlet at the lower end. Water which is not evaporated in the evaporator 3 will be separated in the separator and pumped out by means of the pump 29.
  • the feedwater goes directly into the evaporator 22 and on to a vertically oriented separator 30, from where the steam is led to the superheater 23 and further on to the consumer 25.
  • a recycle line having a regulating valve 31 is arranged for regulating the temperature of the steam.
  • the water separated in the separator 30 is drained via a valve 26. In this case a pump is not necessary due to the gauge pressure in the separator 30.
  • the separator and condenser may be built into the same container in order to save space, and a small extra volume in the condenser may be used as water buffer for the high pressure generator. In this case, the need for a separate feedwater tank is obviated.
  • the system according to the invention produces more steam than the primary user needs, the surplus steam may used for other purposes or condensed for use as fresh water.
  • the invention may also be used for other contaminated feedwaters than sea water.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de production de vapeur sous pression, principalement dans le but de l’injecter dans la chambre de combustion d’une turbine à gaz, comportant un système possédant un générateur basse pression (1) et un générateur haute pression (2) recevant de la chaleur des gaz d’échappement (8) d’une turbine à gaz. Le générateur basse pression (1) est alimenté en eau de mer (9) qui est convertie en un mélange de vapeur et d’eau dans un évaporateur (3) lequel peut être exploité à une pression sous-atmosphérique. La vapeur est séparée dans un séparateur (4) et condensée par la suite dans un condenseur (5). L’eau condensée est amenée via une pompe d’alimentation (18) au générateur haute pression (2) où elle est convertie en vapeur haute pression dans un évaporateur (22), ladite vapeur étant surchauffée dans un surchauffeur (23) avant d’être conduite plus avant à l’utilisateur final (25), la chambre de combustion de la turbine à gaz en particulier.
PCT/NO2005/000165 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Procédé et système de production de vapeur Ceased WO2006121335A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO2005/000165 WO2006121335A1 (fr) 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Procédé et système de production de vapeur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO2005/000165 WO2006121335A1 (fr) 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Procédé et système de production de vapeur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006121335A1 true WO2006121335A1 (fr) 2006-11-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2005/000165 Ceased WO2006121335A1 (fr) 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Procédé et système de production de vapeur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2006121335A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011091072A3 (fr) * 2010-01-19 2012-07-12 Zeropoint Clean Tech, Inc. Production simultanée d'énergie électrique et d'eau potable
CN103663585A (zh) * 2012-09-14 2014-03-26 苏州工业园区七星电子有限公司 一种有机废水处理方法及其装置
CN108506057A (zh) * 2018-03-01 2018-09-07 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 一种用于切除低压缸进汽的热电联产系统及调节方法
CN109268094A (zh) * 2017-07-17 2019-01-25 斗山重工业建设有限公司 防止低温腐蚀的超临界二氧化碳发电系统
CN115199997A (zh) * 2022-07-05 2022-10-18 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 一种船舶低压蒸汽系统及船舶

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1215930A (en) * 1967-09-20 1970-12-16 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Dual purpose plants for production of power and high purity water
JPH0874602A (ja) * 1994-09-02 1996-03-19 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd ガスタービンコージェネレーションシステム

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1215930A (en) * 1967-09-20 1970-12-16 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Dual purpose plants for production of power and high purity water
JPH0874602A (ja) * 1994-09-02 1996-03-19 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd ガスタービンコージェネレーションシステム

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 199621, Derwent World Patents Index; Class D15, AN 1996-206515 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011091072A3 (fr) * 2010-01-19 2012-07-12 Zeropoint Clean Tech, Inc. Production simultanée d'énergie électrique et d'eau potable
CN103663585A (zh) * 2012-09-14 2014-03-26 苏州工业园区七星电子有限公司 一种有机废水处理方法及其装置
CN109268094A (zh) * 2017-07-17 2019-01-25 斗山重工业建设有限公司 防止低温腐蚀的超临界二氧化碳发电系统
CN109268094B (zh) * 2017-07-17 2022-04-12 斗山重工业建设有限公司 防止低温腐蚀的超临界二氧化碳发电系统
CN108506057A (zh) * 2018-03-01 2018-09-07 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 一种用于切除低压缸进汽的热电联产系统及调节方法
CN115199997A (zh) * 2022-07-05 2022-10-18 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 一种船舶低压蒸汽系统及船舶

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