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WO2006120437A1 - Element de fixation et element de distraction externes - Google Patents

Element de fixation et element de distraction externes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006120437A1
WO2006120437A1 PCT/GB2006/001706 GB2006001706W WO2006120437A1 WO 2006120437 A1 WO2006120437 A1 WO 2006120437A1 GB 2006001706 W GB2006001706 W GB 2006001706W WO 2006120437 A1 WO2006120437 A1 WO 2006120437A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collet
pin
jaws
transfixion
clamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2006/001706
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Elloy
Peter James Raffan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FIXATOR INNOVATIONS Ltd
Original Assignee
FIXATOR INNOVATIONS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FIXATOR INNOVATIONS Ltd filed Critical FIXATOR INNOVATIONS Ltd
Publication of WO2006120437A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006120437A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • A61B17/64—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
    • A61B17/6466—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned with pin-clamps movable along a solid connecting rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/60—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • A61B17/64—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
    • A61B17/6458—Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned with pin-clamps fixed at ends of connecting element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pin clamp for use in external fixator and distractor devices useful in aiding the healing of bone fractures and the like.
  • the present invention relates to a collet type pin clamp and its use in securing transfixion pins.
  • Fractures of the long bones may be treated by means of internal fixation devices such as pins, plates and screws. These are applied to the broken bones once the fragments have been properly aligned and then fixed to maintain that alignment while healing takes place.
  • Bone fragments can be difficult to align prior to the application of an internal fixation device because of the considerable force usually needed to stretch the soft tissue contraction that normally accompanies displaced fracture. The services of a strong assistant to the operating surgeon are often required.
  • Another way to facilitate realignment or reduction of a fracture is to use devices known as fracture tables or reduction machines. Usually clamps or pins are secured to the limb or directly to the bone fragments and then manipulated and locked in the desired position while the internal device is being applied.
  • An alternative system for fracture fixation known as an external fixator, comprises an adjustable frame clamped to transfixion pins that are screwed into appropriate positions in the fractured bone. By adjusting the frame attached to the pins, realignment of the bone fragments can be achieved.
  • the frame and clamps may be locked in position to function as an external fixator.
  • Such external fixators are often complex and have a number of joints which have to be secured against loss of position. The result is usually a bulky and costly construction that impedes radiographic checks on the quality of reduction.
  • EP 1312316 teaches a transfixion pin securing device having a portion that is fitted about a pin and then secured to the pin using a crimped band.
  • the band requires a crimping tool to effect attachment.
  • the crimping secures the pin irreversibly to the device and so adjustment requires the removal of the band and the crimping of another band about the device.
  • the invention provides a transfixion pin clamp, comprising a collet having jaws moveable between a clamping position, in which the jaws are closed around and clamp a transfixion pin, and an open position, in which the jaws are open and the pin can be removed axially from the collet.
  • a transfixion pin clamp comprising a collet having jaws moveable between a clamping position, in which the jaws are closed around and clamp a transfixion pin, and an open position, in which the jaws are open and the pin can be removed axially from the collet.
  • two or more clamps are part of a fixator or distractor apparatus and are held spaced apart by a frame, each clamp being clamped to a pin attached to a bone. The clamps can be attached and released without disturbing the pins or any other fixing apparatus attached to the pins.
  • the invention provides a transfixion pin clamp, comprising (i) a collet having jaws and a tapered portion and (ii) a body having a hole therethrough sized to receive a part of the tapered portion of the collet and having means for attachment of one or more frame members, wherein in use a transfixion pin may be placed in the jaws, the body located about the collet and urged further onto the collet so as to tighten the jaws about the transfixion pin.
  • the body In use, the body hence acts on the collet to close the jaws to clamp the pin in place.
  • a fastener is optionally provided which co-operates with the collet and body to fasten and release the clamp.
  • the body and fastener are in threaded engagement and turning the fastener fastens or releases the clamp.
  • the collet and fastener are in similar threaded engagement.
  • the fastener can be or' comprise a nut or canulated screw. Threaded portions can be provided on one or more of the collet, body and/or fastener.
  • a transfixion pin clamp comprising (i) a collet having jaws, a tapered portion and a threaded portion, (ii) a body having a hole therethrough sized to receive at least the threaded portion of the collet and having means for the attachment of one or more frame members, and (iii) a nut sized to index the threaded portion of the collet, wherein in use a transfixion pin may be placed within the jaws of the collet, the body placed about the collet and the nut threaded onto the collet and tightened to move the body onto the tapered portion of the collet thereby tightening the jaws about the transfixion pin.
  • the clamp apparatus includes a bush which is adapted to fit about the pin and within the jaws of the collet.
  • the bush can be of a split variety and have an aperture passing all the way through so the split can be opened and the bush passed over the pin before clamping.
  • a transfixion pin clamp adapted for connection to or disconnection from a transfixion pin in a direction which is not substantially along the axis of said transfixion pin.
  • the apparatus can thus be clamped onto an existing pin, or the apparatus removed without disturbing an overlying fixator.
  • the bush may also be of a similar arrangement but sprung so that sides of the bush can be forced apart to locate the pin in the aperture and the sides will then spring back to grip the pin.
  • the bush is of a circular cross section, more preferably the bush is of substantially spherical shape, allowing more flexibility in moving the pin relative to the collet.
  • the pin bush has two flat faces parallel to the plane of the split which are adapted to engage corresponding flat faces inside the jaws of the collet.
  • the pin bush may have prominences on the flat surfaces to engage corresponding recesses in the jaws of the collet.
  • the collet, body, nut and any other components used in the clamp may be made of any suitable material.
  • the components are made of a radiolucent material which helps to prevent the clamp interfering with radiographical investigation of fracture reduction or repair.
  • the apparatus may include inside the collet an expander rod which when urged further into the collet opens the jaws to release the pin.
  • One such rod described in more detail below, has a tapered end capable of engaging a shoulder inside the collet and another end which passes through and protrudes beyond the collet.
  • the rod is secured within the collet by a collar having a diameter large enough so as not to pass through the nut and adapted so that when the nut is loosened and wound back down the thread of the collet, it engages the collar pulling the expander rod into the collet where its tapered end indexes the shoulder inside the collet opening the jaws of the collet, thereby releasing the pin or the bush (and pin).
  • the collet is of substantially circular cross-section.
  • the jaws of the collet may be sized to accommodate different sized transfixion pins so that the optimal sized pins can be used for the type of animal to be treated.
  • the collet, body and nut may be of any scale; typically smaller for use on dogs and cats or larger for use on any larger animals, including humans
  • the diameter of the hole through the body of the pin clamp is preferably the same size or only slightly larger than the major diameter of the threaded portion of the collet. It is preferably smaller than the major diameter of the conical region of the collet. This ensures that, in use, the body can engage the tapered portion of the collet close to or at the point where the threaded portion of the collet ends and the taper begins.
  • the hole in the body of the clamp is tapered.
  • the collet is caused to clamp the pin or bush by the interaction of an external taper of the collet with the internal taper of the body.
  • Action on the fastener e.g. when a nut is threaded onto the collet, drives the two tapers together locking the relative positions of the collet and the body.
  • the jaws of the collet may be adapted to provide re-entrant or leading geometry.
  • a transfixion pin or bush is retained within the jaws by a combination of friction between the clamped surfaces and re-entrant geometry, which can only be released by separating the jaws of the collet.
  • leading geometry is provided, forcible engagement and separation can be effected when the jaws are unlocked by a wedging action between the counter surfaces of the re-entrant geometry. This is effected in a direction substantially perpendicular to the bush pivot axis.
  • the invention provides a fixator or distractor device comprising one or more transfixion pin clamps according to the invention.
  • the device can be comprised of two or more clamps attached via one or more frame members.
  • a device with two or more frame members can include frame members in different planes.
  • the attachment of one or more frame members to the body of the clamp may be in the form of any suitable type of connection, for example a male or female screw thread, push fit or any other known attachment means.
  • Preferred embodiments have a female screw thread into which frame elements having a corresponding male screw thread may be threaded.
  • Other preferred embodiments have a hole through the body adapted to receive a rack.
  • two clamps on the same rack can be moved relative to each other.
  • These embodiments advantageously include means within the body to move the body relative to the rack such as a pinion in connection with a pinion driver.
  • the pinion driver is in the form of a lobed handle.
  • Further embodiments may include a means for locking the collet housing on the rack, such as a lever or locking pin.
  • the lever or locking pin may be configured to lock into the pinion teeth or wedge the pinion shaft.
  • the locking mechanism is provided on the pinion.
  • the locking mechanism comprises a cam bearable against the surface of the pinion or the pinion drive shaft.
  • the attachment means includes threads having an axis essentially perpendicular to the axis of the pin clamp. Two such threads may be provided diametrically opposed and have opposite handedness, i.e. one right-handed (RH) thread and the other left-handed (LH).
  • RH thread right-handed thread
  • LH left-handed
  • adjacent clamp bodies are joined by connecting rods provided with RH thread at one end and LH thread at the other so that screwing in one direction causes adjacent bodies to separate whilst screwing in the other direction causes them to close together.
  • the device of the invention is relatively simple to use but allows easy adjustment of pin angles as well as fixture of the pins after adjustment without the need for bulky tools or extra parts.
  • the invention provides a method for distracting, fixing or securing a bone fracture in an animal (including a human) comprising using a transfixion pin clamp according to the invention.
  • the invention also provides a method for distracting, fixing or securing a bone fracture in an animal (including a human) comprising using a fixator or distractor device according to the invention.
  • the invention provides a kit comprising a plurality of collets, bodies and nuts, and optionally transfixion pins, bushes and frame members, which can be assembled into a clamp or distractor of the invention.
  • the invention comprises a transfixion pin clamp for use in a bone distractor, the transfixion pin clamp comprising a collet having jaws, the jaws adapted for clamping a transfixion pin at an angle substantially perpendicular to the axis of the collet and for allowing adjustable angular positioning of the transfixion pin relative to the axis of the collet.
  • Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a pin clamp according to one embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of three devices of the invention connected via frame elements
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a further embodiment of the device of the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a section through the device shown in figure 3 on a plane through the axes of the pinion and the locking pin;
  • Figure 5 shows a section through the device shown in figure 3 in the plane of one face of the rack
  • Figure 6 shows a section through the device shown in figure 3 in the plane of the top face of the body with the locking pin shown in a locked position
  • Figure 7 shows a section through the device shown in figure 3 in the plane of the top face of the body with the locking pin shown in an unlocked position.
  • the pin clamp shown in Figure 1 comprises a bush (1), in the form of a split bush which is placed around the transfixion pin (2) which is to be secured.
  • the bush fits over the transfixion pin by virtue of a split which passes substantially through its section but does not completely divide the bush and may be sprung open to fit onto the pin or clamped closed to grip it.
  • the bush (and pin) is fitted inside the jaws of a split collet (3) having a portion with a tapering outside diameter and a threaded portion.
  • a body portion (4) is placed over the collet and driven onto the collet by a nut (5) so that the jaws of the collet clamp down about the bush.
  • the body portion (4) may be rotated about the collet axis prior to tightening of the nut (5) to give the desired alignment of the transfixion pin relative to the body or to another pin attached via the body portion.
  • the body (4) as shown in Figure 1 is adapted for the attachment of further devices engaging the limb to be secured.
  • two or more of the depicted devices can be used to align and/or fix portions of fractured bone by attaching the bodies of two or more devices together via frame elements.
  • Figure 2 shows three transfixion pins (2) secured in clamps according to the invention.
  • the frame elements (8) attach to the body (4) of each apparatus and retain the clamps and therefore the transfixion pins in fixed relative geometry.
  • the bodies can be connected together with frame elements adapted to allow the bodies to be brought closer together or further apart.
  • the bodies may be positioned in a variety of angular relationships to one another so as to provide at least two more degrees of freedom to the relative positioning of the transfixion pins.
  • the device shown in Figure 1 has an expander rod (6) which fits inside the collet and has a tapered end capable of engaging a shoulder inside the collet.
  • the expander rod is secured within the collet by a collar (7) having a diameter large enough so as not to pass through the nut (5).
  • the expander rod merely sits inside the collet.
  • the nut (5) is loosened and wound back down the thread of the collet until it touches the collar (7).
  • further pressure is placed on the collar (7) it pulls the expander rod into the collet where the tapered end of the expander rod indexes the shoulder inside the collet opening the jaws of the collet, thereby releasing the bush (and pin).
  • the pin (2) can be clamped at any position along its length, at any angle about its axis and at any angle to the axis of the collet (3). Before locking, the collet can be set in any angular position about the collet axis relative to the position of the body
  • the device of the invention therefore provides four degrees of freedom to adjustment of the body relative to the pin.
  • the device may be used to arrange bones and then hold them in position while healing of the fracture takes place.
  • the device may be clamped onto a pin in situ, without disturbing the pin.
  • the device may also be used to hold the bones in place while another type of fixator is applied, and can then be removed from below the fixator.
  • the device shown in figure 3 has a hole through the body adapted to receive a rack (9).
  • the device includes a pinion (11) inside the body (4) in connection with a pinion driving handle (10), to move the body relative to the rack.
  • the nut (5) acts in the same way as discussed in other embodiments to close the jaws of the collet (3).
  • the pinion driving handle (5) can be turned to contract or extend the gap between this device and others which may be mounted to the same rack. This allows the device to be used in the movement of transfixion pins relative to one another to gain desired bone geometry before fixing.
  • locking pin (12) is fitted with a handle portion to facilitate rotation about its axis between the unlocked and locked positions.
  • Other configurations are also possible.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross section of the pinion (11) and its attached driving handle (10). Also shown is one possible configuration of the locking pin (12), which has a cam form cross section so that when rotated from its unlocked position it interferes with the pinion driving handle (10) at a point (13) and wedges it against rotation.
  • Figure 5 shows the pinion in driving engagement with the rack so that rotation of the pinion causes relative movement of the body along the axis of the rack.
  • Figure 6 shows the locking pin (12) wedged against the outer diameter of the pinion driving handle (10) thus preventing rotation of the pinion.
  • Figure 7 shows the locking pin (12) in its unlocked position with no contact with the pinion driving handle (10).
  • the locking pin could be made to engage the pinion teeth to prevent rotation.
  • the invention thus provides a pin clamp and uses thereof.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un serre-broche transfixiante comprenant (i) un collet présentant des mâchoires, une partie tronconique et une partie filetée, (ii) un corps comprenant un trou dimensionné de manière à recevoir au moins la partie filetée du collet et comprenant des moyens destinés à la fixation d'un ou de plusieurs éléments de cadre et (iii) un écrou dimensionné de manière à saisir la partie filetée du collet, pendant l'utilisation, une broche transfixiante pouvant être placée dans les mâchoires du collet, le corps placé autour du collet et l'écrou fileté sur le collet et serré de manière à déplacer le corps sur la partie tronconique du collet, serrant ainsi les mâchoires autour de la broche transfixiante.
PCT/GB2006/001706 2005-05-10 2006-05-09 Element de fixation et element de distraction externes Ceased WO2006120437A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0509491.7 2005-05-10
GB0509491A GB2425958A (en) 2005-05-10 2005-05-10 Collet type pin clamp for an external fracture fixator or distractor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006120437A1 true WO2006120437A1 (fr) 2006-11-16

Family

ID=34685357

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2006/001706 Ceased WO2006120437A1 (fr) 2005-05-10 2006-05-09 Element de fixation et element de distraction externes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2425958A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006120437A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102813544A (zh) * 2011-06-07 2012-12-12 丁真奇 髋部骨折的外固定架

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2085036B1 (fr) * 2008-02-01 2012-04-04 Stryker Trauma SA Dispositif de fixation d'un fil pour un fixateur externe

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4662365A (en) * 1982-12-03 1987-05-05 Ortopedia Gmbh Device for the external fixation of bone fragments
US5989250A (en) * 1996-10-24 1999-11-23 Spinal Concepts, Inc. Method and apparatus for spinal fixation
US20020042613A1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2002-04-11 Jacques Mata Positioning and locking device
WO2003065911A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-14 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Systeme de fixation externe

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2031731A (en) * 1978-10-12 1980-04-30 Knonner R F Fracture reducing and joint immobilizing apparatus
US4483334A (en) * 1983-04-11 1984-11-20 Murray William M External fixation device
US6565564B2 (en) * 2000-12-14 2003-05-20 Synthes U.S.A. Multi-pin clamp and rod attachment
DE20118441U1 (de) * 2001-11-14 2002-05-08 Tantum AG, 24534 Neumünster Fixationselemente zur Herstellung einer Fixationsverbindung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4662365A (en) * 1982-12-03 1987-05-05 Ortopedia Gmbh Device for the external fixation of bone fragments
US5989250A (en) * 1996-10-24 1999-11-23 Spinal Concepts, Inc. Method and apparatus for spinal fixation
US20020042613A1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2002-04-11 Jacques Mata Positioning and locking device
WO2003065911A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-14 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Systeme de fixation externe

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102813544A (zh) * 2011-06-07 2012-12-12 丁真奇 髋部骨折的外固定架

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2425958A (en) 2006-11-15
GB0509491D0 (en) 2005-06-15

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