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WO2006112763A1 - Outil de forage et procede de forage au fond du puits - Google Patents

Outil de forage et procede de forage au fond du puits Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006112763A1
WO2006112763A1 PCT/SE2005/000588 SE2005000588W WO2006112763A1 WO 2006112763 A1 WO2006112763 A1 WO 2006112763A1 SE 2005000588 W SE2005000588 W SE 2005000588W WO 2006112763 A1 WO2006112763 A1 WO 2006112763A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reamer
diameter
drilling tool
hole
cutting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE2005/000588
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Uno LÖF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/SE2005/000588 priority Critical patent/WO2006112763A1/fr
Publication of WO2006112763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006112763A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/265—Bi-center drill bits, i.e. an integral bit and eccentric reamer used to simultaneously drill and underream the hole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
    • E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
    • E21B10/327—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools the cutter being pivoted about a longitudinal axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
    • E21B10/40—Percussion drill bits with leading portion
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/64—Drill bits characterised by the whole or part thereof being insertable into or removable from the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe
    • E21B10/66—Drill bits characterised by the whole or part thereof being insertable into or removable from the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe the cutting element movable through the drilling pipe and laterally shiftable

Definitions

  • Drilling tool and method for down-the-hole drilling are Drilling tool and method for down-the-hole drilling.
  • the present invention relates to a drilling tool for down-the-hole drilling, which drilling tool is intended to drill a hole ahead of a following casing tube having an outer diameter, the drilling tool comprising a central pilot drill bit with cutting buttons arranged to form a hole of a first diameter , a reamer and a guide body for steering the drilling tool and casing tube relative to one another, said reamer having a first set of cutting buttons arranged to enlarge said hole to a second diameter.
  • Drilling tools are previously known that comprise a central pilot drill bit, a reamer and a guide body for steering the drilling tool and the casing tube relative to one another, said guide body having an axially fixed position on a drilling tool shaft during all working phases of the drilling tool.
  • Said guide body is located inside the casing tube and transfers rotation and percussion energy to the reamer and the pilot drill bit.
  • the reamer can take up both a position concentric with the guide body and the pilot drill bit, in which position the pilot drill bit and the reamer can be guided through the casing tube, and an operational, radially projecting position for drilling a hole larger than the casing tube.
  • the tube casing In order to be able to continue drilling in a safe and efficient manner, after having reached solid rock ground, it is necessary to fixedly attach the end of the tube casing to the rock ground and to arrange for a seal. According to known methods this is achieved by supplying concrete to the end of the drill hole and to let concrete harden before the drilling operation may be continued, which is rather time consuming.
  • the arrangement according to the invention it is possible to obtain fixing of the tube casing merely by forcing it into sealing contact with the edge that is formed by the second/intermediate cutting button of the reamer. This is made possible thanks to the positioning thereof, which will create a kind of tapered transition zone from the wider area of the hole down to the more narrow area of the hole.
  • the conditions for reliable and sealed fixations of the tube casing may be improved by means of using a drill tool according to the basic principles described in WO 03/004824.
  • Fig. 1 shows in cross-section the casing tube conveying the guide body, reamer and pilot drill bit shown in side view, with the reamer in a retracted position concentric with the guide body.
  • Fig. 2 shows a corresponding view, but with the pilot drill bit and the extended reamer in the working position
  • Fig. 3 shows a side view of a preferred pilot drill bit of a preferred drill tool to be used in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of a reamer, in a side view, to be used in accordance with the preferred drill tool according to the invention
  • Fig.5 shows the reamer in a side view rotated 90° in relation to Fig. 4,
  • Fig. 4a, 5a show a slightly modified embodiment compared to Figs. 4 and 5
  • Fig. 6 shows a view from the above of the reamer
  • Fig. 7 shows a view from below of the reamer
  • Fig. 8 shows a side view of the guide tool for the preferred drill tool according to the invention
  • Fig. 9 shows a partial cross sectional view of a drill hole according to the invention
  • Fig. 10 shows the same drill hole, wherein the tube casing has been fixed in the drill hole.
  • Fig. 1 shows a drilling tool according to the invention, comprising a central pilot drill bit 20, a reamer 33 and a guide body 12, wherein the basic working principle is the same as described in WO 03/004824, which is herewith introduced by way of reference.
  • the tool is in a retracted (non-operational) position with the reamer 33.
  • the guide body 12 is coupled (not shown) in the usual way to a continuous drill string in a casing tube 13, by means of which string it rotates clockwise in the embodiment illustrated and can be assigned percussion energy from a down-the-hole hammer or a left-rotating top-hammer coupled in a torsionally rigid manner between the drill string and the guide body 12.
  • the drill string and its parts are of a conventional type and are not shown in the figures.
  • the guide body 12 has a circular-cylindrical guide part 47, which with a centring fit is guided by the orifice of the casing tube 13 for rotation coaxially with the drill axis 16.
  • the orifice of the casing tube consists of a welded-on casing shoe 14, which forms a circular collar 15 in the inside of the casing tube 13, and a guide opening 19 for the guide part 47 of the guide body 12.
  • the guide body 12 has rear shoulders 17 that during operation rest against the collar 15, so that a part of the percussion energy of the down-the-hole hammer can be transferred to the casing tube 13 to drive this down.
  • the pilot drill bit 20 (see Fig. 3) comprises a shaft 21 and a cam 22 in one piece with a camshaft 42 and an operational drill bit 48, substantially exactly of the same design as shown/described in WO 03/004824.
  • the shaft 21 is terminated by an end surface 24 at right angles to the longitudinal axis 16 to take up the percussion energy and is of such a length that a gap 59 is formed between the lower surface of the guide body and the opposed, upper surface of the reamer.
  • the shaft 21 is supported rotatably in a centric hole of the guide body.
  • a reamer 33 according to the invention.
  • the reamer is arranged with an elliptic through hole 28 and an adjacent recess 34, for interaction with the pilot drill bit 20 and the shoulder 22 arranged thereon, to allow torque to be transmitted to the pilot drill bit 22 via the reamer 33.
  • part of the reamer 33 is exactly the same as shown in WO 03/004824.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 it is shown that the reamer 33 is arranged with a shoulder 36, protruding from its plane upper surface 27A.
  • the shoulder 36 presents to sideways facing surfaces 36 A, 36B intended for interaction with corresponding surfaces 27 A, 27B of the guide tool 12.
  • One of the surfaces 36B of the reamer 33 is arranged to form an angle ⁇ in relation to the vertical plane, e.g. 25 - 35°. The reason for having this angle is that it provides for improved conditions to transmit the very high rotational forces that are transferred from the guide tool 12 to the reamer 33.
  • a further improvement to increase durability is the arrangement of a concave moulding 300 within the transition zone between the sloping surface 36B and the horizontal upper surface 37A of the reamer 33.
  • a vertical surface 36A On the opposite side of the shoulder 36 there is arranged a vertical surface 36A, wherein the orientation of said surfaces 36A, 36B are such that the lines formed by the crossing of any horizontal plane with said surfaces, will be parallel.
  • the reason for such an orientation of these surfaces 36A, 36B is to allow them to slide in the radial direction in relation to the guide tool 12, within a corresponding recess.
  • a first set of cutting buttons 49 arranged on the reamer 33, positioned to protrude outside of the periphery of the reamer 33.
  • This first set of buttons 49 are positioned within an upper transversal plane P2 on the reamer 33.
  • a second arrangement of a cutting button 490 which cutting button 490 is arranged in a transversal plane Pl that is closer to the pilot drill bit 20 than the plane P2 of the first set of cutting buttons 49.
  • the second cutting button 490 is positioned at a diameter D2 that is smaller than the diameter D3 for then second set of cutting buttons 49.
  • the setting of the cutting buttons within the different sets are such that the first set of cutting buttons 49 are arranged within a large angle in relation to the vertical axis (about 30 - 40°) than the corresponding angle for the second button 490 (e.g. 10 - 20°).
  • Figs. 4a and 5a there is shown a slightly modified embodiment where the distance between the different buttons 49, 490 on the reamer is relatively large in the axial direction.
  • the distance between the upper transversal plane P2 and the lower transversal plane Pl in this preferred embodiment is considerably larger than in the one shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • the distance between the two transversal planes Pl, P2 is preferably as large as indicated in Fig. 4A, i.e. larger than the diameter of any of the buttons 49, 490 and in most cases preferably the distance between Pl and P2 is at least larger than the diameter of the smallest of the buttons 49, 490.
  • the diameter of the buttons is the same and the distance between Pl and P2 about 1-2 times the diameter of a button. It is evident for the skilled person that buttons of different diameters may be used depending on the circumstances.
  • the different set of cutting buttons 49, 490 are positioned within different sectors.
  • the first set of cutting buttons 49 are positioned within a sector bordered by a first longitudinal plane LPl and a second longitudinal plane LP2 that approximately corresponds to about 60 - 70°.
  • This section LPl - LP2 is positioned such that its centre line substantially corresponds to the longitudinal extension of the elliptic hole 28 of the reamer 33.
  • the second cutting button 490 is arranged.
  • a guide body 12 according to the invention. As can be seen the guide body 12 is arranged with a recess extending upwardly from the lower most surfaces 121 and which recess is provided with facing surfaces 27A, 27B adapted to the configuration of the corresponding surfaces 36A, 36B of the shoulder 36 of the reamer 33.
  • the sloping surface 27A of the guide body 12 is arranged with the same angle ⁇ as the corresponding surface 36B of the reamer 33. Furthermore the guide body 12 is also arranged with a concave moulding 120 at the transition zone between the sloping surface 27 A and the adjacent upper wall portion.
  • Fig. 9 there is shown the creation of a drill hole in accordance with a preferred embodiment according to the invention.
  • the pilot drill bit 20 moves first into the ground, thereby creating a hole A having a diameter Dl corresponding to the position of the cutting buttons 46 on the pilot drill bit 20.
  • Dl is about 115 mm.
  • the reamer 33 will create an enlargement of the first hole A to create a larger hole C having a diameter D3 that corresponds to the first set of cutting buttons 49 of the reamer 33.
  • D3 is about 148 mm, which is a desired diameter to be able to introduce a casing tube 13, having a diameter of about 140mm, i.e.
  • the second cutting button 490 of the reamer 33 will create an intermediate enlargement, i.e. a kind of an edge B with a diameter D2 in between Dl and D3.
  • This diameter D2 is chosen to substantially corresponds to the diameter D of the casing tube 13, and in most cases preferably slightly smaller than D.
  • Fig. 9 by positioning the cutting buttons 49, 490 of the reamer as in the preferred embodiment there will be created a kind of tapering from the larger hole C to the smaller hole A.
  • This intermediate edge section B has proven to facilitate a surprising improvement in relation to earth drilling. The reason is that by choosing a position of this second cutting button 490 as described above, (i.e.
  • the tube casing 13 with its casing shoe 14 may be forced into sealing contact with the intermediate edge B between the two holes A, C.
  • a drill tool as described above is being used, whereby the transition section between the two different sizes of the hole A, C may be made more extended. This is achieved by, when having reached a desired level for fixing the casing tube 13, the drill 12, 20, 33 its counter rotated.
  • the reamer 33 When counter rotating the drill, the reamer 33 will move into a concentric position, as described above. From this position a smooth drilling action may again be initiated, whereby the reamer slowly will start moving outwards and thereby successively create an enlargement at the top end of the smaller hole A which leads to a creation of a tapered section that has a sloping surface between B and A. Hence such a measure will further improve conditions for obtaining a securely fixed and sealed tube casing 13, 14 without any supply of additional material.
  • a flushing channel As described in WO 03/004824 inside the drill bit there is a flushing channel, the diameter of which is adapted to the desired flushing medium and/or flow quantity.
  • the flushing channel in the guide body 12 passes over into a flushing channel in the pilot drill bit 20.
  • the pilot drill bit 20 and reamer 33 are in the working position.
  • the casing shoe 14 with the rebate 15 transfers the percussion energy from the shoulders 17 lying at the rear to the collar 15 (does not apply when driving using a top-hammer, as the casing shoe is absent and the guide body 12 is guided against the inside of the actual casing tube) in the axial direction of the drill string in the casing tube.
  • the periphery-cutting reamer buttons 49 rest against a hard base, the plane 37A is pressed against the underside 121 of the guide body and percussion energy is transferred to the reamer buttons 49, the reamer being in the extended position interacting with the cam 22, and being supported to the rear by the shaft 21 in the hole 28.
  • the opposing pattern of carbide buttons 46 of the pilot drill bit providing a counter-pressure from the drilled hole wall.
  • the coupling 27, 36 between the guide body 12 and the reamer 33 can be executed in the reverse manner, so that the guide body 12 instead of the reamer 33 is provided with a central shoulder, and the reamer is provided with two laterally arranged shoulders.
  • the number of cutting button in the different sets of the reamer 33 may be varied, e.g. by using two buttons in the second set 490, also the size of the sector LPl - LP2, as well as the position of the (or more) second button (e.g. could also be positioned leading instead of lagging), etc. may be varied.
  • claim 1 and 9 may be applied in any drilling tool using a reamer, independent of working principle. Moreover it is evident that the preferred embodiment defined in claim 7 and 8 may be beneficial irrespective of the position of the cutting buttons or the reamer, and therefore might be made the subject for an independent patent protection.
  • the displacement of the reamer does not necessarily have to take place along a straight sliding plane, but can take place via a sliding plane that is curved to a certain extent, a certain rotation of the reamer 33 in relation to the guide body 12 occurring, the displacement however continuing to be regarded as essentially radial in relation to the guide body 12.
  • the basic principle according to the invention can also be used if threaded connections are used in the power transfer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un outil de forage pour effectuer un forage au fond du puits. L'outil de forage est conçu pour forer un trou en amont d'un tube de gainage suivant (13) possédant un diamètre externe (D), l'outil de forage comprenant un trépan pilote central (20) pourvu de boutons de découpage disposés de manière à former un trou (A) d'un premier diamètre (D1), un aléseur (33) et un corps de guidage (12) afin de guider l'outil de forage et le tube de gainage l'un par rapport à l'autre, l'aléseur (33) étant doté d'un premier ensemble de boutons de découpage (49) conçus pour agrandir ledit trou (A) selon un second diamètre (D3), au moins un second bouton de découpage (490) étant disposé sur l'aléseur (33) selon un plan transversal (P1) qui est plus proche du trépan pilote central (20) que le plan transversal (P1) du premier ensemble de boutons de découpage (49) et selon un diamètre (D2) qui est inférieur au diamètre (D2) du premier ensemble de boutons de découpage (49), le diamètre d'au moins un second bouton de découpage (490) étant conçu pour créer un rebord intermédiaire (B) correspondant sensiblement au diamètre (D) du tube de gainage (13).
PCT/SE2005/000588 2005-04-21 2005-04-21 Outil de forage et procede de forage au fond du puits Ceased WO2006112763A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE2005/000588 WO2006112763A1 (fr) 2005-04-21 2005-04-21 Outil de forage et procede de forage au fond du puits

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SE2005/000588 WO2006112763A1 (fr) 2005-04-21 2005-04-21 Outil de forage et procede de forage au fond du puits

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006112763A1 true WO2006112763A1 (fr) 2006-10-26

Family

ID=37115392

Family Applications (1)

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PCT/SE2005/000588 Ceased WO2006112763A1 (fr) 2005-04-21 2005-04-21 Outil de forage et procede de forage au fond du puits

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2006112763A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010088339A3 (fr) * 2009-01-28 2010-11-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Dispositif de forage d'agrandissement de trou et ses procédés d'utilisation
US9187959B2 (en) 2006-03-02 2015-11-17 Baker Hughes Incorporated Automated steerable hole enlargement drilling device and methods
US9399892B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2016-07-26 Baker Hughes Incorporated Earth-boring tools including movable cutting elements and related methods
US9759014B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2017-09-12 Baker Hughes Incorporated Earth-boring tools including movable formation-engaging structures and related methods
CN117888826A (zh) * 2024-01-25 2024-04-16 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 钻具及井下定向钻孔压裂套管全程下入方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2031481A (en) * 1978-09-26 1980-04-23 Marriott R Drilling bits
EP0391874A2 (fr) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-10 Uniroc Aktiebolag Dispositif de rinçage pour outils de forage
WO2003004824A1 (fr) * 2001-07-02 2003-01-16 Loef Uno Dispositif de forage

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2031481A (en) * 1978-09-26 1980-04-23 Marriott R Drilling bits
EP0391874A2 (fr) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-10 Uniroc Aktiebolag Dispositif de rinçage pour outils de forage
WO2003004824A1 (fr) * 2001-07-02 2003-01-16 Loef Uno Dispositif de forage

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8875810B2 (en) 2006-03-02 2014-11-04 Baker Hughes Incorporated Hole enlargement drilling device and methods for using same
US9187959B2 (en) 2006-03-02 2015-11-17 Baker Hughes Incorporated Automated steerable hole enlargement drilling device and methods
US9482054B2 (en) 2006-03-02 2016-11-01 Baker Hughes Incorporated Hole enlargement drilling device and methods for using same
WO2010088339A3 (fr) * 2009-01-28 2010-11-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Dispositif de forage d'agrandissement de trou et ses procédés d'utilisation
US9399892B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2016-07-26 Baker Hughes Incorporated Earth-boring tools including movable cutting elements and related methods
US9759014B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2017-09-12 Baker Hughes Incorporated Earth-boring tools including movable formation-engaging structures and related methods
US10358873B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2019-07-23 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Earth-boring tools including movable formation-engaging structures and related methods
US10570666B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2020-02-25 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Earth-boring tools including movable formation-engaging structures
US10689915B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2020-06-23 Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc Earth-boring tools including movable formation-engaging structures
CN117888826A (zh) * 2024-01-25 2024-04-16 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 钻具及井下定向钻孔压裂套管全程下入方法

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