WO2006038739A1 - 光により過屈曲する細管 - Google Patents
光により過屈曲する細管 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006038739A1 WO2006038739A1 PCT/JP2005/018909 JP2005018909W WO2006038739A1 WO 2006038739 A1 WO2006038739 A1 WO 2006038739A1 JP 2005018909 W JP2005018909 W JP 2005018909W WO 2006038739 A1 WO2006038739 A1 WO 2006038739A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- tubule
- tip
- tube
- capillary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
- A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
- A61B1/00165—Optical arrangements with light-conductive means, e.g. fibre optics
- A61B1/00167—Details of optical fibre bundles, e.g. shape or fibre distribution
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
- A61M25/0074—Dynamic characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. openable, closable, expandable or deformable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
- A61M25/0133—Tip steering devices
- A61M25/0158—Tip steering devices with magnetic or electrical means, e.g. by using piezo materials, electroactive polymers, magnetic materials or by heating of shape memory materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
- A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
- A61B1/0052—Constructional details of control elements, e.g. handles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
- A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
- A61B1/0055—Constructional details of insertion parts, e.g. vertebral elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0043—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
- A61M2025/0063—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features having means, e.g. stylets, mandrils, rods or wires to reinforce or adjust temporarily the stiffness, column strength or pushability of catheters which are already inserted into the human body
- A61M2025/0064—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features having means, e.g. stylets, mandrils, rods or wires to reinforce or adjust temporarily the stiffness, column strength or pushability of catheters which are already inserted into the human body which become stiffer or softer when heated
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0043—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
- A61M25/0054—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features with regions for increasing flexibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/2476—Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tubule that is inserted into a lumen of a body such as a blood vessel, a piping cavity or an internal space of an artificial structure such as a machine, and observes, treats, repairs, etc. inside the lumen.
- the present invention relates to a catheter used by being inserted into a tubular organ of a living body such as a blood vessel or a digestive tract.
- a method of operating the tip portion by bending the force taper with the torque transmission tube is taken.
- Judkins type catheters, etc. whose shape was adapted to a specific bent part in advance were used, but their versatility was low.
- a shape memory alloy is incorporated into the catheter tube, and the shape of the catheter is heated to change the shape of the catheter tube, thereby bending the tip of the catheter to control the advancing direction of the catheter (Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
- catheters see Patent Documents 3 and 4 that control the direction of catheter movement by adjusting the expansion of the balloon by providing a balloon on the catheter.
- catheters that can manipulate these conventional tips and control bending are slightly improved, but it is necessary for the operator to operate after monitoring the position of the catheter tip for the bending direction and degree of bending.
- This kind of monitor requires special equipment and takes a long time to operate.
- these catheters are designed on the assumption that they can be bent in any direction. Since they can be bent in any direction, it is not easy to control the bending in a specific direction.
- current was passed through the shape memory alloy part to generate heat, but strict insulation measures were necessary to prevent current from leaking to the heart and the like. .
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-255669
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-323091
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-47539
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-230629
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-028808 Disclosure of Invention
- the present invention relates to a thin tube used by being inserted into a lumen portion of a tubular object or a space portion of a structure, and by irradiating light, a bending direction of the thin tube tip portion is determined by a sensor of the thin tube tip portion. Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a narrow tube that can be bent in an arbitrary direction by actuating the distal end of the narrow tube. Furthermore, the present invention provides a capillary capable of self-determining the advancing direction that further actively bends the tip of the capillary that is passively bent in contact with the lumen or the structure in the direction of bending. Objective.
- the conventional catheter that can operate the distal end portion requires a complicated mechanism, requires skill in the operation of the distal end portion, and takes time. Furthermore, in a catheter that enables operation of the tip using a shape memory alloy However, strict insulation was necessary to prevent leakage because it was necessary to pass current through the shape memory alloy.
- the inventors of the present invention have intensively studied a thin tube such as a catheter that can easily and quickly operate the tip.
- the present inventors when irradiating light to the distal end of a catheter with a bent distal end, the light hits the outer inner wall of the bent portion of the distal end, and the light irradiated at the portion irradiated with the light or a temperature higher than the light It was found that the bending direction of the tip end portion can be determined by measuring.
- the present inventors use a material whose shape is changed by light and heat generated by light irradiation, thereby changing the shape of the distal end portion of the catheter, controlling the bending of the distal end portion of the catheter, and moving the catheter. We found that the direction can be controlled.
- a means for irradiating light such as a laser into the cavity inside the catheter is provided so as to irradiate the light in the direction of travel of the catheter.
- the light is always applied to the inner wall of the catheter opposite to the bent side of the catheter tip.
- a material that absorbs light to generate heat and a material whose shape or volume changes by heat (variable material) are brought into contact with the position where light is irradiated so that heat can be conducted.
- the heat generated by the irradiation of light changes the shape of the deformable material, and the change can be operated to change the bending of the catheter tip, thereby controlling the traveling direction of the force taper.
- the present inventors bent the catheter tip slightly due to contact with the outer circumference of the lumen or the like.
- the catheter has a double tube structure, and a light absorbing material and a deformable material are provided in contact with a part of the inner catheter tip, and light is applied to the light absorbing material and the deformable material.
- the distal end of the inner catheter By moving the distal end of the inner catheter through the outer catheter so that the light is irradiated, the light-absorbing material and the deformable material can be irradiated, and the distal end of the catheter can be bent in any direction. 9
- the catheter was designed to At this time, by providing the deformable material so as to extend in the moving direction (length direction) of the catheter, a change in the deformable material causes the portion of the catheter to be bent so that the tip of the catheter is slightly It has been found that the bent side is further bent (over-bent), and the present invention has been completed. Furthermore, the present inventors have changed the shape of the deformable material existing on an arbitrary side of the catheter tip by freely changing the light irradiation direction in the above device, and bent the catheter tip in an arbitrary direction. I also found out that
- the present invention is as follows.
- a thin tube used by being inserted into a lumen of a tubular object or a space of a structure, and a device that senses light irradiation at the tip of the thin tube and an actuator that operates by irradiation with Z or light.
- a device that senses light irradiation at the tip of the thin tube and an actuator that operates by irradiation with Z or light.
- a thin tube that is inserted into the lumen of a tubular object or the space of a structure, and a device that detects the irradiation of light contained in the distal end of the capillary is continuous over the entire circumference of the narrow tube.
- a light sensor or a temperature sensor for detecting light irradiation which is included periodically or intermittently (for example, at regular intervals), and the light irradiated by the light transmission means in the capillary tube is monitored by the light sensor, or light
- the temperature rise at the irradiated part is monitored by the temperature sensor, and by monitoring the side irradiated with light in the entire circumference of the thin tube tip, the tip of the thin tube is bent to the side opposite to the side irradiated with light.
- Tubules for internal observation or internal processing of [1] which can be judged as
- the device for detecting light irradiation is a temperature sensor selected from the group consisting of a thermocouple, a heat-sensitive semiconductor, and an infrared-sensitive sensor [1] or [2], a thin tube for internal observation or internal processing,
- the device that senses light irradiation is a light sensor [1] or [2] internal observation or internal processing capillary,
- a thin tube used by being inserted into a lumen portion of a tubular object or a space portion of a structure, and actuating by irradiation of light contained in the distal end portion of the thin tube is caused by irradiation of light. It is a deformable material that can change its shape, and the tip of the narrow tube can be bent by changing the shape of the deformable material by the action of light irradiated by the light transmission means in the narrow tube.
- the deformable material is a deformable material that absorbs light and generates heat, and the shape can be changed by the heat.
- the deformable material is included in contact with heat conduction so that it has a light transmission means in the capillary tube, and the light transmission material is irradiated with light by the light transmission means. The generated heat is transferred to the deformable material and the shape of the deformable material is changed, so that the tip of the capillary tube can be bent.
- the deformable material whose shape can change is a bimetal or a shape memory alloy [5] to [8],
- the deformable material that can change its shape is a high-performance gel gel [5] to [8mm tubule,
- the deforming force of the deformable material can be changed to control the bending angle of the tip of the capillary tube [5] to [1 0]
- the deforming force of the deformable material can be changed to control the bending angle of the tip of the capillary tube [5] to [1 0]
- the tip of the capillary is bent flexibly
- the tubule tip can bend more actively to the bent side [5] to [1 1]
- the tubule is a medical catheter, [1] to [1 3] tubule,
- the tubule is a medical endoscope, the tubule of any of [1] to [1.3],
- the tubule is an industrial endoscope, the tubule of any one of [1] to [1 3], [1 7] A double tubule including an inner tubule and an outer tubule that is used by being inserted into a lumen of a tubular object or a space of a structure, and the inner tubule is a tubule of [1], internal observation Or double capillaries for internal processing,
- the inner tubule is any one of [5] to [1 1], [1 7] internal observation or internal processing double tubule,
- the inner tubule includes a deformable material whose shape can be changed by light irradiation as an actuator that operates by light irradiation at the tip, and the deformation of the deformable material by the action of light irradiated by the light transmission means in the tubule By changing the shape, the tip of the capillary can be bent,
- An actuate that is activated by light irradiation of the inner tubule is included only on a part of the inner tubule,
- the inner tubule is provided in the outer tubule so as to be movable back and forth and to be able to rotate. By moving the inner tubule back and forth in the outer tubule and rotating, the inner tubule is bent.
- a double tubule for internal observation or internal processing which can be bent on the same side as the side or on the opposite side and can bend the inner tubule by irradiating light,
- the inner tubule is a torque transmission tube [17] to [19], a double tubule for internal observation or internal processing,
- a device that senses the illumination of light contained in the tip of the outer tubule is included continuously or intermittently (eg, at regular intervals) throughout the circumference of the tip of the tubule
- a light sensor or a temperature sensor that senses light and monitors the light emitted by the light transmission means in the narrow tube with the light sensor, or monitors the temperature rise due to light irradiation with the temperature sensor, and is on the entire circumference of the narrow tube tip
- the inner tubule is provided in the outer tubule so as to be movable back and forth and to be able to rotate. By moving the inner tubule back and forth in the outer tubule and rotating, the outer tubule can be used as an actuator for the inner tubule.
- a double tubule for internal observation or internal processing that is positioned on the opposite side to the bending direction of the tip of the monitored tubule and can further bend the inner tubule by irradiating light,
- the inner tubule is a torque transmission tube.
- the tubule is a medical endoscope, the double tubule of any of [17] to [24], and
- FIG. 1A is a view showing a state in which the tubule of the present invention is inserted into a blood vessel.
- FIG. 1B is a diagram showing a state where the tip of the thin tube of the present invention is bent by light irradiation.
- FIG. 2A is a view showing a state where the double tubule of the present invention is inserted into a blood vessel.
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing a state where the tip of the double thin tube of the present invention is bent by light irradiation. It is.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a method of introducing a thin tube using a guide wire at a blood vessel bifurcation.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a method of introducing the double tubule of the present invention at the blood vessel bifurcation.
- FIG. 3C is a diagram showing a method for introducing the double tubule of the present invention in combination with a guide wire at a blood vessel bifurcation.
- Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a bend experiment of a thin tube that irradiates a laser from the inside of the thin tube, and is a photograph showing a state before laser irradiation.
- Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a bending experiment of a thin tube that irradiates a laser from the inside of the thin tube, and is a photograph showing a state after laser irradiation.
- Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a bending experiment of a thin tube that irradiates a laser from the outside of the thin tube, and is a photograph showing a state before laser irradiation.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a bending experiment of a thin tube that irradiates a laser from the outside of the thin tube, and is a photograph showing a state after laser irradiation.
- Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a bend experiment of a thin tube in a simulated blood vessel, and is a photograph showing a state before laser irradiation.
- Fig. 9 is a diagram showing a bend experiment of a thin tube in a simulated blood vessel, and is a photograph showing the state after laser irradiation.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the results of a tube temperature measurement experiment in the case of laser irradiation.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the results of a tube temperature measurement experiment in the case of laser irradiation.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing a state of observation in a blood vessel using the thin tube of the present invention incorporating a blood vessel endoscope.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an endoscope apparatus that can irradiate high-intensity pulsed light into a lumen to generate water vapor bubbles and temporarily remove liquid in the lumen.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a cross-section of the catheter portion of the endoscope apparatus that can irradiate high-intensity pulsed light into the lumen to generate water vapor bubbles and temporarily remove liquid in the lumen.
- FIG. 15 is a view showing the apparatus used in Examples 4 to 6.
- FIG. 16 shows the water vapor bubbles induced by the laser.
- Figure 17 shows the temporal relationship between high-intensity pulsed light irradiation, generation of water vapor bubbles, and illumination light flash.
- Figure 18 shows a photograph of milk filled in a silicone tube and observed inside the tube with a delay time of 70 s.
- Fig. 19 is a photograph of the tube filled with milk and observed inside the tube with a delay time of 140 / is.
- Figure 20 shows the relative size of the delay time between the laser irradiation and pulse illumination, the size of the captured image, and the relative size when the silicone tube is filled with milk and the inside of the tube is imaged by laser irradiation. It is a figure which shows a relationship.
- the present invention inserts into a lumen of a tubular object such as a body lumen or a pipe, or into an internal space of a structure such as a mechanical structure or a building structure, and performs processing such as observation, repair, and treatment of a target site.
- a tubular object such as a body lumen or a pipe
- an internal space of a structure such as a mechanical structure or a building structure
- processing such as observation, repair, and treatment of a target site.
- This is a thin tube that can determine the bending direction of the tip by light irradiation.
- the present invention can be operated so that the distal end portion can be freely bent, and when the lumen portion is bent, without performing a complicated operation, from the distal end of the light transmission fiber housed in the narrow tube
- the tip of the narrow tube can be easily bent in any direction, and the tube is meandering and branching in a complex manner
- a thin tube can be smoothly inserted along the lumen or space so that the thin tube can reach the target site.
- the tip of the thin tube when the tip of the thin tube is passively bent at the bent portion of the lumen, light of a certain intensity is irradiated from the tip of the light transmission fiber housed in the thin tube for a certain period of time in the bending direction. Further, the tip of the thin tube can be bent actively. As a result, it is possible to change the course of the catheter at, for example, a branch, stenosis, or aneurysm entrance in the blood vessel. That is, the thin tube of the present invention has a bending mechanism. In addition, since the tubule of the present invention can be further bent in the already bent direction, it is also a tubule that is excessively bent by light.
- the thin tube of the present invention includes a medical catheter, a medical endoscope, an industrial endoscope, and the like.
- Medical catheters include all medical catheters such as cardiac catheters, vascular catheters, kidney force tails, infusion catheters, and nerve catheters.
- the lumens targeted by these medical catheters are body lumens, such as blood vessels, ureters, digestive tracts, trachea, and fallopian tubes, depending on the purpose.
- Medical endoscopes include heart endoscopes, blood vessel endoscopes, large intestine (colon) endoscopes, upper gastrointestinal endoscopes, fallopian tube endoscopes, neuroendoscopes, and the like. Since endoscopes are usually used in combination with catheter-like tubes, endoscopes are also included in catheters. These medical catheters and medical endoscopes may include balloons and various therapeutic devices.
- Industrial endoscopes include industrial piping such as reactor piping and boiler piping, and endoscopes for observing the inside of machines and structures.
- industrial endoscopes may include special equipment for processing such as repairs.
- the inside of the machine or structure has a space, and the thin tube of the present invention is inserted into the space and moves. However, since it is understood as one kind of cavity of the space part, the machine or structure is used in the present invention.
- the space inside is sometimes called the lumen.
- the size of the tubule is not limited, and an appropriate size can be selected depending on the type and size of the lumen to be inserted.
- the material is not limited, and a synthetic resin, a metal, or a combination thereof can be appropriately used as long as it is flexible enough to bend according to the bending in the bent lumen.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- polyurethane Tan polyamide
- polyamide elastomer polyimide
- polyimide elastomer polyimide
- fluororesin silicone
- silicone and natural rubber.
- a net or coil metal is used and may be combined with the above resin.
- the thin tube of the present invention can be produced by processing the tip end of a thin tube such as a catheter conventionally used for the above-mentioned purpose.
- a vascular catheter As an example of a tubule, a vascular catheter is used.
- the size is 3Fr. To 6Fr.
- the length is about 1 to 2 m.
- the tubule of the present invention has at least one lumen over its entire length or almost the entire length, and is capable of changing its shape by heating the tip of the tubule and absorbs heat by absorbing light.
- a light-absorbing material that can be generated is placed, and the light-absorbing material is irradiated with light such as laser light, and the heat generated by the light-absorbing material is transferred to the deformable material.
- the tip of the narrow tube is bent by changing its shape, and it can be applied to a desired part in a complex meandering or branching lumen, or to a desired part inside a machine or structure having a complicated internal structure. It is a tubule that can be reached.
- the tip of the thin tube is sometimes referred to as a distal end of the thin tube, which means a portion close to the most distal portion of the thin tube, and refers to a portion from the most distal portion to about several tens of centimeters.
- the end opposite to the tip is called the hand or proximal end, and the narrow tube is connected to the operation part that controls the movement of the thin tube at the hand.
- an optical fiber for irradiating light to heat the deformable material an optical fiber for functioning as an endoscope, treatment in the body lumen
- Various devices for repairing the inside of a cavity such as a pipe and the inside of a machine or a structure, such as a medication device, are incorporated.
- the thin tube of the present invention may have a double thin tube structure composed of an inner thin tube and an outer thin tube.
- the inner tubule can be moved back and forth in the outer tubule, and the inner tubule can be rotated in the outer puncture tube.
- Rotational motion is possible by hand operation by using a torque transmission tube for the inner tubule.
- the rotational movement of the narrow tube does not actually rotate the entire thin tube uniformly, but the tip of the narrow tube rotates when the narrow tube is twisted.
- the rotational motion of the capillary tip due to the twist of the capillary tube is expressed as “rotational motion” or “movement in the rotational direction” of the capillary tube.
- the size of the outer tubule and inner tubule is It can be determined as appropriate.
- an optical sensor and a temperature sensor can be raised.
- the optical sensor directly detects the irradiated light.
- the type of the optical sensor is not limited. Photoconductive elements such as CdS, phototransistors, photodiodes, photothyris, etc., photovoltaic elements, photoelectric imaging tubes, photomultiplier tubes and other light receiving elements, optical diodes, etc. Array, PSD, CCD image sensor,
- thermosensor detects an increase in temperature at a portion irradiated with light. For this reason, the thermal sensor itself absorbs light to generate heat, or a portion that is irradiated with light is provided with a material that absorbs light and generates heat in contact with the thermal sensor. It is necessary to keep.
- a thermal sensor includes a material that absorbs light and generates heat. This light absorbing material will be described later.
- the heat sensor is not limited, and thermocouples, heat sensitive semiconductors, infrared sensitive sensors, and the like can be used.
- Devices that detect light irradiation should be provided continuously or intermittently (for example, at regular intervals) over the entire circumference of the capillary tube tip. Further, since the front and rear positions in the axial direction (front and rear direction and length direction) on the thin tube to which light is irradiated change depending on the degree of bending, a plurality of them may be provided in the front and rear direction. By providing such a device, a portion irradiated with light can be detected by light or temperature. If the tip of the capillary tube is not bent, the light travels immediately and does not hit the device, so neither light nor heat is detected.
- the tip of the capillary tube when the tip of the capillary tube is bent, the light hits the inner wall of the bent tube and the position of the light irradiated by the device provided in that portion can be detected. However, it can be determined that the light is bent in the direction opposite to the position irradiated with light.
- the thin tube introduced into the lumen is bent in many cases when the tip of the thin tube comes into contact with the outer peripheral side of the lumen, and in this case, it comes into contact with the lumen of the thin tube by a light sensor or a temperature sensor. You can determine which side is the other side.
- the temperature sensor that is exposed to light detects the maximum temperature and the surrounding temperature sensor detects a lower temperature.
- the signal sensed by the device that senses the irradiation of light is, for example, by providing a lead wire in a thin tube and using the lead wire to connect the device and the detection device on the hand side. It can be detected by electrical communication.
- the side opposite to the bending direction of the tubule is determined based on which side is the side. can do.
- the side opposite to the bending direction of the tubule, that is, the side in contact with the lumen portion can be determined at the hand portion, so that a tubule including an actuate that operates by light irradiation is introduced at the tip of the tubule as described later.
- a device that senses the light irradiation may be included in a conventional capillary (catheter) in which the capillary can bend only in one direction.
- the positional relationship between the side in contact with the lumen and the side that can be bent is included.
- the capillary can be advanced in the bending direction of the bent portion of the lumen by moving the capillary so that the side that can be bent is located on the side opposite to the side where the capillary is in contact.
- “Akuyue Ichiyu” is an element or device that converts some operating energy into a mechanical quantity in response to an input signal.
- “Akuyue Ichiyu” that operates by light irradiation
- a deformable material is a material whose shape or volume can be changed by heat. In the present invention, it is sufficient that the deformable material is present at least on the side opposite to the side where the tip of the thin tube bends, and the deformable material is stretched by heat so that the tip of the thin tube is partially stretched and stretched. The capillary tip bends toward the side opposite to the side where the deformable material is located.
- the deformable material of the present invention is sometimes referred to as an extensible material. Since the deformable material bends the tip of the capillary tube due to a change in shape, the force with which the deformable material bends must be greater than the force to overcome the rigidity of the capillary tube. Typically, resin tubules and metal deformable materials may be used in combination. Also, because the deformable material is extended by deformation, the tip of the capillary tube is bent, so the deformable material is arranged so as to extend in the length direction of the capillary tube (the direction that proceeds during insertion). For example, a deformable material processed into a linear or strip shape may be provided on the inner wall, inner wall, and outer wall of the thin tube (see Figure 1B).
- the deformable material may be present on a part of the entire circumference of the thin tube wall, or may be present intermittently (for example, at regular intervals) or continuously over the entire circumference of the thin tube wall. In this way, because it exists over the entire circumference, no matter which side of the inner wall is irradiated with light, it is narrowed to the side opposite to the side irradiated with light.
- the tube can be bent.
- a plurality of deformable materials may be provided in the front-rear (length) direction of the thin tube. In this case, the thin tube can be bent at an arbitrary position in the front-rear (length) direction of the thin tube by the deformable material that emits light.
- deformable materials include bimetals and shape memory alloys.
- Bimetal is a combination of two or more types of metal plates with different coefficients of thermal expansion. When the temperature changes, the shape changes to bend toward a metal with a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion.
- a combination of three types of metals is sometimes referred to as a trimetal.
- trimetal includes a combination of three or more types of metals. If a metal with a low coefficient of thermal expansion is included at the tip of the thin tube, the bimetal bends to the side with the low coefficient of thermal expansion due to heat, so the tip of the thin tube also bends to the same side. For bimetal, the bending coefficient and the operating temperature range are determined depending on the metal to be combined.
- the necessary bending coefficient and operating temperature range are determined according to the use of the thin tube, and the bimetal to be used can be selected accordingly. Depending on the lumen, there is an abrupt bend, so it is preferable that the maximum bend is large. In this respect, pie metal having a large curvature coefficient is preferred.
- the larger the curvature coefficient the larger the bimetal curvature (displacement).
- the amount of bending refers to the distance from the original horizontal position of the most bent portion of the tip of the bimetal when an unbent horizontal bimetal is heated and bent.
- the amount of bending varies depending on the temperature, and the amount of bending increases as the temperature rises.Therefore, the displacement position can be changed arbitrarily by adjusting the rising temperature. The degree can be controlled.
- the bending coefficient of the bimetal used in the thin tube of the present invention is 5 X between room temperature and 100 ° C.
- the operating temperature range varies depending on the application.
- the thin tube is a thin tube inserted into a lumen in a living body such as a medical catheter, it is desirable to use it at about 60 ° C or less.
- the bimetal that can be used in the thin tube of the present invention include BR-1 manufactured by NE0MEX Co., Ltd.
- the shape memory alloy is a metal whose shape can be changed by applying heat to a certain temperature, and a known shape memory alloy can be used.
- shape memory alloys such as NI-TI (nickel titanium) and CU-ZN-AL (copper-zinc-aluminum).
- the shape memory alloy is provided so as to extend in the length direction of the thin tube as described above.
- the shape memory alloy having a linear shape or a strip shape may be bent at a low temperature so that the coil shape or a part of the shape memory alloy is short at a high temperature.
- the shape memory alloy in a coiled shape or a partially bent state is extended by heating, so that the tip of the capillary tube can be bent.
- the transformation temperature of the shape memory alloy can be set as appropriate depending on the use of the capillary tube. For example, in the case of a capillary tube inserted into a lumen in a living body, it is preferably about 60 ° C or lower.
- the deformable material not only the metal bimetal and the shape memory alloy as described above, but also a material made of a polymer material can be used.
- a deformable material made of a polymer material there is a polymer gel material that uses a polymer gel material that undergoes volume change, expansion, contraction, and bending due to environmental changes such as temperature and light.
- a volume change / stretch-bend that occurs when irradiated with light is azobenzene-polyacrylate acrylate rubber (shrinks with ultraviolet light and expands with visible light), and volume changes with temperature.
- Petyl methacrylate / acrylamide-acrylic acid monomer (shrinks at low temperature, expands at high temperature), PV-crosslinked PVME (shrinks at high temperature, expands at low temperature), etc.
- These polymer gel overnights may be processed and molded and included in the tip of the capillary tube so that the tip of the capillary tube bends due to volume change, expansion / contraction, and bending.
- Polymer change / extension / bending is caused by volume change / extension / bending in the case of a change / expansion / bend.
- an actuary that is subject to expansion / contraction or bending
- light is applied to the light-absorbing material in contact with the actuary, and heat is generated in the light-absorbing material, and the heat is conducted to the actuate or It is only necessary to irradiate the light overnight to generate heat.
- the high polymer gel overnight for example, those described in Tadokoro, Journal of the Japan Mouth Pot Society Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 318-322, 1997 can be used.
- the light-absorbing material that absorbs light and generates heat is not limited, but what is used depends on the combination with the wavelength of light used.
- the light absorbing material absorbs light and conducts heat to the deformable material. In order to conduct heat efficiently, one having a high thermal conductivity is preferable. Possible from light absorbing material Both materials must be in contact in order to conduct heat to the deformable material. The contact may be partial contact, but in order to conduct heat efficiently, it is preferable that the contact is made over a large area. For example, the light absorbing material and the deformable material are added to approximately the same size. It can be used after pasting. Since the light-absorbing material receives light from the light transmission fiber disposed in the cavity inside the narrow tube, the light-absorbing material is present inside the deformable material so as to contact the deformable material.
- the deformable material may be coated with a light absorbing material. In this case, the entire deformable material may be coated, or only the portion irradiated with light may be coated. Even if the light-absorbing material and the deformable material are not in direct contact, they are in contact if the heat generated in the light-absorbing material can be conducted to the deformable material. That's it. Further, in the device of the present invention, the light absorbing material and the deformable material may be the same.
- the deformable material not only a metal bimetal and a shape memory alloy as described above, but also a material made of a polymer material can be used. Since both metals and polymer materials can absorb light and generate heat, the deformable material itself can be used as a light-absorbing material.
- the deformable material when the deformable material also serves as a light-absorbing material, it may be called a light-absorbing / variable material (light-absorbing / extensible material).
- the contacted material may also be called a light-absorbing / variable material (light-absorbing / extensible material).
- the tip of the thin tube may be produced using a light absorbing material.
- the deformable material comes into contact with the light absorbing material, and heat can be conducted from the light absorbing material to the deformable material.
- the type of light that can be detected by a light sensor or a temperature sensor and the type of light that is irradiated to generate heat in the light-absorbing material are not limited, but a continuous or pulsed laser beam or a wavelength-tunable optical parametric meter.
- the light generated by the oscillator (0P0; Optical Parametric Oscillator) is desirable.
- the laser a semiconductor laser, a dye laser, a second harmonic wave of a variable wavelength near infrared laser, or the like can be suitably used.
- the beam can be a pulsed beam such as a pulsed laser. Continuous light such as a continuous laser may be used. Continuous light can also be interrupted using a light chopper and irradiated as a pulsed beam.
- the means for transmitting the light into the lumen includes a light irradiating means located near the tip of the capillary tube and an optical fiber for transmitting the light from the light generator to the light irradiating means (quartz fiber, plastic fiber).
- a hollow optical transmission line In the present invention, quartz fiber is desirable.
- the quartz fiber 1 is contained in the cavity of the narrow tube, and is connected to the light generator at one end and connected to the light irradiation means at the other end.
- the fiber used in the present invention may be appropriately selected depending on the use and thickness of the thin tube, but from a very thin one having a diameter of about 0.05 to 0.3 mm to one having a visible thickness, A wide variety of diameters can be used as long as the light energy can be transmitted within the narrow tube. Note that the fiber for irradiating light to the device that detects light irradiation and the fiber for irradiating the light that is activated by the light irradiation may be different. Use thicker fiber than fiber.
- the thick fiber After monitoring the bending of the tip of a thin tube using a thick fiber, the thick fiber is extracted once, and then a thin fiber for irradiating light is inserted into the actuary that operates by light irradiation.
- the light irradiation direction may be parallel to the length direction of the capillary tube, or the light irradiation direction of the light irradiation means may be movable and the light irradiation direction may be controllable. In the former case, if light is applied when the tip of the capillary tube is slightly bent, the tip of the capillary tube is further bent to the same side as the slightly bent side. In the latter case, the capillary tip can be bent in any direction by changing the direction of light irradiation.
- the light irradiation means may be rotated by a small motor or the like, or a prism or the like for changing the light irradiation direction is arranged in the light irradiation means, and the prism etc. May be moved.
- the tip of the capillary tube can be bent in any direction.
- the position of the light irradiation part can be changed. For example, by inserting / removing an optical fiber accommodated in a narrow tube, the light can be irradiated to an arbitrary front / rear (length) position of the light-absorbing material.
- a thin tube that is bent in advance at an angle such that when the tip part irradiates light, the light hits the actuator at the tip part may be used. If the degree of bending of a specific part in the lumen and the bending angle of the branching cavity are known in advance, a capillary with the tip bent to that part is inserted, and the tube is moved to the position of Actuye overnight. The tip of the capillary tube can be bent further in the desired direction by adjusting the position opposite to the direction and irradiating light. As a result, the narrow tube can be smoothly advanced in a portion where the bending is large, and the narrow tube can be advanced to a desired branch portion at the branch portion.
- the amount of actuating overnight can be changed, and the degree of bending of the tip of the capillary tube, that is, the bending angle can be controlled.
- the degree of bending of the tip of the capillary tube that is, the bending angle can be controlled.
- the higher the intensity of light the greater the generated heat, the greater the amount of deformation of the deformable material, and the more narrow the tip of the capillary tube To do.
- how much the capillary tube should be bent can be determined by monitoring the degree of bending of the capillary tube tip before irradiation with light.
- the thin tube has intraluminal observation means such as an endoscope
- the position of the thin tube and the degree of bending of the thin tube tip can be known by the observation means. It is also possible to know the bending degree of the tip from the ⁇ fluoroscopic image.
- the laser generator include LASERl-2-3 SCHWARTZ (manufactured by ELECTRO-OPTICS).
- the device of the present invention can be used in a double (parent-child) capillary structure.
- the double tubule structure consists of an inner tubule and an outer tubule, preferably double from the distal end to the proximal end.
- the inner tubule may be provided in the lumen of the outer tubule.
- the inner thin tube is provided with an actuator that operates by the irradiation of the light.
- the inner tubule can be moved in the front-rear direction (axial direction) by sliding in the outer tubule, and can also be rotated in the outer tubule.
- a torque transmission tube as the inner capillary
- the inner capillary can be rotated.
- 8909 can be rotated.
- the outer tubule may be provided with a device that senses the irradiation of light.
- the device can determine the direction of bending of the outer tubule, and the inner tubule is moved so that the actuate at the tip of the inner tubule is located on the opposite side of the bending direction.
- the device that senses light irradiation is located outside the bending direction of the outer tubule, but it is marked in advance in the axial direction of the tubule with a groove or paint, and the device that senses light irradiation. Make sure you know the location. Also, make sure that the position of the inner tubule—the evening is clear. By aligning the marks, the position of the inner capillary can be adjusted to the side opposite to the bending direction.
- the apparatus of the present invention is used as follows.
- the drawing is an example of introducing a thin tube into a blood vessel.
- the thin tube 1 of the present invention is inserted into the lumen using a guide wire 8 or the like.
- a guide wire 8 or the like As shown in FIG. 1A, when the thin tube 1 reaches the bent portion in the lumen, the thin tube 1 comes into contact with the tube wall and the tip of the thin tube is passively bent slightly in the advancing direction of the lumen. However, in this case, even if it tries to insert the tubule 1 further, it cannot be inserted smoothly, and the force to stop or the lumen wall will be damaged.
- “passively bends” means that a portion of the capillary tube is brought into contact with the outer peripheral side of the lumen and receives pressure, and the capillary tube is bent by the force.
- the thin tube of the present invention when the thin tube reaches or contacts the bent part or the internal structure of the structure, and the tip of the thin tube is bent slightly passively, the light absorption / variable material 4 Irradiate toward (Fig. 1 B). If the tip of capillary tube 1 is not bent, light 5 will travel parallel to the direction of travel of capillary tube 1 even if light 5 is irradiated from optical fiber 1 in capillary tube 1, so it will not hit the inner wall of capillary tube 1. When the tip of capillary 1 is slightly bent, light 5 irradiated straight from optical fiber 1 hits the inner wall of capillary 1 opposite to the bent side (Fig. 1B, right). The right figure in Fig.
- the light-absorbing material and the deformable material are in contact with the portion where the light 5 hits. Or exist as the same material (light absorbing / variable material 4).
- the light-absorbing material absorbs light and generates heat, and the generated heat is conducted to the deformable material.
- the deformable material rises in temperature due to the conducted heat and deforms and extends.
- the deformable material itself also serves as a light-absorbing material. The deformable material absorbs light and generates heat, and the deformable material deforms and expands.
- the deformable material is bimetal
- the material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion is located outside the narrow tube 1 and the material with a small coefficient of thermal expansion is located outside the narrow tube 1, so it is located inside the tube 1 when heat is conducted.
- the material located outside expands more than the material (elongates), the bimetal bends, the tip of the capillary tube 1 is bent toward the side opposite to the side where the bimetal exists, and the tip of the capillary tube 1 is contacted Bends more actively to the side that was passively bent.
- the deformable material is a shape memory alloy, it will try to return to its original shape, that is, the stretched state, so that the tip of the capillary tube 1 is also bent more actively to the side that was passively bent by contact. To do.
- the tubule 1 advances in the bent direction. Therefore, in the apparatus of the present invention, when the tip of the capillary 1 is slightly bent, the tip of the capillary 1 can be bent further in the bent direction.
- the device of the present invention is also a device that can automatically discriminate between the inside and the outside of the bent capillary 1 and bend it further inward.
- the apparatus of the present invention is also a thin tube that self-determines the traveling direction and bends in the traveling direction.
- the position of the light irradiation part is not limited, but it is preferably arranged so as to be located behind the tip part of the capillary tube 1. In this case, even when the tip of the thin tube 1 is slightly bent, the irradiation direction is the direction that was directed before reaching the bent portion.
- the light 5 is a light-absorbing material or a light-absorbing deformable material (on the side opposite to the bent side of the capillary tube 1). Light absorption
- the position of the light irradiating part is variable, and the position of the light irradiating part is changed by inserting and removing the light transmission fiber 2 in the length direction in the narrow tube 1, and the position where the light is irradiated also changes.
- the capillaries 1 can be bent at any position. .
- the thin tube 1 contacts the tube wall of the bent portion in the lumen.
- the tip of the capillary tube Before the end of 2005/018909, the tip of the capillary tube may be bent slightly, and light 5 may be irradiated to the light-absorbing 'variable shape material 4 after being bent. Also in this case, the tip of the narrow tube 1 is bent more by the same principle as described above. Bending of the tip before contact can be performed by a conventional method of bending a catheter.
- the light-absorbing / variable material 4 located on an arbitrary side of the tip of the thin tube 1 is extended, and the thin tube is formed in an arbitrary direction.
- the tip can be bent.
- the central axis of the lumen and the axis of the capillary can be controlled to be coaxial, and the capillary 1 always controls the center of the lumen. It can be made to face.
- a good image can always be obtained in endoscopic observation, and blood vessels can be formed even in angioplasty.
- the apparatus having the double thin tube structure of the present invention is used as follows. As shown in FIG.
- the outer tubule 6 when the outer tubule 6 reaches the bent portion in the lumen, the outer tubule 6 comes into contact with the tube wall, and the tip of the tubule passively bends in the direction of the lumen.
- the tip of the outer narrow tube 6 is provided with a device that detects the irradiation of light 5 over the entire circumference.
- the device When the light 5 is irradiated, the device provided on the side opposite to the bending direction detects the light. The direction can be detected by judging that the outer thin tube 6 is bent in the opposite direction to the side on which the light has been struck.
- the inner tubule is omitted.
- the inner tubule 7 may be left in place, and the inner tubule 7 may be inserted there (Fig. 2 B left).
- the position of the branching portion or strong bending portion of the blood vessel is known in advance, and when passing a thin tube through such a portion, the outer thin tube 6 is first inserted and left in that portion, and the inside of the outer thin tube 6
- the inner thin tube 7 is passed through the bent portion or at the branch portion by allowing the tip of the inner thin tube 7 to reach this portion and bending the tip of the inner thin tube 7 in an arbitrary direction. Can be passed through in the branching direction. Further, in this case, the inner tubule 7 whose tip is bent at a predetermined angle may be used.
- Light-absorbing inner capillary 7 whose tip is bent at a certain angle ⁇ Adjust the position so that the part with variable material 4 is located outside the bent part, and then irradiate light 5 to the inside
- the distal end portion of the thin tube 7 can be further bent in a desired direction, and the thin tube can be passed through even a strong bent portion or branch portion.
- the inner thin tube 7 is moved back and forth and rotated to adjust the position of the light-absorbing and deformable material 4 (actuyue overnight) provided in the inner thin tube 7 to the position where light is irradiated ( Figure 2 B right).
- the deformable material is deformed, and the inner tubule ⁇ is further bent in the direction in which the outer tubule 6 is bent.
- FIG. 3A shows a conventional method for inserting a catheter into a blood vessel, in which only the guide wire 8 is inserted. As shown in the figure, the guide wire 8 easily enters the outer blood vessel 3 having a large curvature radius.
- FIG. 3B shows a tubule having a double tubule structure according to the present invention, in which a deformable material (light absorbing / variable material 4) is used for the inner tubule 7.
- the position of the outer tubule 6 may be monitored by a known method, in which the outer tubule 6 is previously placed in the blood vessel bifurcation.
- the thin tube has intraluminal observation means such as an endoscope
- the position of the thin tube and the degree of bending of the thin tube tip can be known by the observation means.
- the degree of bending of the tip can be determined from X-ray fluoroscopic images.
- the tip is taken out, and light is emitted from the optical fiber 12 near the tip of the inner thin tube having the bending mechanism at the tip.
- Light absorption / variable material 4 outside the curvature of the tubule is irradiated with light 5, which is expanded by light or heat, so that the flexible tubule bends inside the curvature of the blood vessel.
- the tubule can be inserted in a desired direction.
- the guide wire 8 when the guide wire 8 is inserted into a bent thin tube, the guide wire 8 can be inserted into a branched blood vessel having a high curvature. Then, the tubule can be advanced along the guide wire. 5 018909
- the present invention also includes a method of manipulating the tip portion of the thin tube or double tube in the lumen.
- the thin tube of the present invention has high intensity pulsed light generating means and high intensity pulsed light transmitting means for transmitting high intensity pulsed light, and the high intensity pulsed light is irradiated into the lumen to generate water vapor bubbles.
- An endoscope apparatus that can temporarily exclude liquid in the cavity may be incorporated.
- the endoscopic device is preferably a vascular endoscopic device and can temporarily exclude blood in the blood vessel.
- a blood vessel endoscope for observing the inside of a blood vessel will be described.
- the thin tube of the present invention incorporating the endoscope device can be used for observation in any lumen filled with a liquid as well as a blood vessel. .
- the blood in the blood vessel that is, by making the inside of the blood vessel transparent by gas, a visual field space with less scattering can be obtained, and the surface state can be clearly observed by reflection of the blood vessel surface.
- the angle of view of the observed image can be increased, and the stereoscopic effect can be enhanced.
- the illumination angle increases, the surface reflectance increases, and the inside of the blood vessel to be observed can be made brighter than when water vapor bubbles are not generated. Therefore, a more accurate image can be obtained.
- the endoscope apparatus of the present invention is provided on the thin tube where the distal end portion can be bent so that the observation means is present at the distal end portion, bent in the direction in which the distal end portion of the thin tube is to be observed, and the direction is observed. can do.
- the observation means of the endoscope does not point inside the blood vessel. I cannot observe it enough.
- the tip of the capillary tube faces in a direction that allows observation to the back of the blood vessel.
- Figure 12 shows the state of observation inside the blood vessel using the thin tube of the present invention incorporating a blood vessel endoscope.
- Fig. 1 2 The left shows a state where a tubule is inserted into the blood vessel and the tip of the tubule is in contact with the inner wall of the blood vessel. In this state, the observation means of the endoscope cannot face the back of the blood vessel, and the image that can be observed is only the blood vessel wall on the side in contact with the tubule, as shown in the circle on the left of Fig. 12. is there.
- Fig. 1 2 The right side is a diagram showing this state. As shown in the circle on the right side of Fig. 1 2 2005/018909 A vivid and clear image can be obtained. In this case, what is important is that it is possible to confirm that the tip of the tubule is pointing accurately toward the back of the blood vessel.
- the degree of bending of the thin tube can be determined and the tip of the thin tube can be bent at an arbitrary angle, so that the direction in which the thin tube is directed can be confirmed accurately. it can. If you want to observe the inside of a blood vessel, align the center of the blood vessel and the thin tube that incorporates the endoscopic device, that is, make it coaxial and obtain a coaxial field of view. The back of the blood vessel may be observed, or the blood vessel wall of a specific part may be directed and only the wall may be observed. Depending on which part of the blood vessel wall is to be observed, the bending direction and bending angle of the capillary tube tip may be changed.
- the illumination light that can be emitted from the endoscope becomes light from one direction.
- the central part suddenly becomes dark.
- high-intensity pulsed light generation means and high-intensity pulsed light transmission means that transmits high-intensity pulsed light, irradiates the blood with high-intensity pulsed light to generate water vapor bubbles.
- FIG. 13 has a high-intensity pulsed light generation means and a high-intensity pulsed light transmission means that transmits high-intensity pulsed light.
- the schematic diagram of the vascular endoscope apparatus which can be excluded temporarily is shown.
- the blood vessel endoscopic device includes at least a blood vessel endoscopic catheter 9 (guide catheter), a high intensity pulsed light irradiation means for irradiating a high intensity pulsed light into the blood vessel, and enables optical observation by pulsing the inside of the blood vessel.
- a catheter-like device including an illuminating light irradiating means and an imaging means for imaging a lumen of a blood vessel illuminated by the illuminating light.
- the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation means includes high-intensity pulsed light generation means (high-intensity pulsed light source 14), means for transmitting high-intensity pulsed light into the blood vessel, means for irradiating high-intensity pulsed light into the blood vessel, etc.
- the high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 10 is arranged in the catheter 9, and the means for irradiating the high-intensity pulsed light into the blood vessel is a high-intensity pulsed light irradiation unit 12 at the distal end of the optical transmission fiber 10.
- the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation unit 12 may be provided with a member for changing the pulsed light irradiation angle, such as a prism, but normally there is no need for a special member and the distal end of the optical fiber has a high intensity. It can act as the pulsed light irradiation unit 12.
- the observation light irradiation means includes a light generation means (light source 15), a means for transmitting light into the blood vessel, a means for irradiating light into the blood vessel, etc., and the means for transmitting the light is observed in the force teeter.
- a light irradiating section 13 is provided as a means for irradiating light into the blood vessel at the distal end thereof.
- the light irradiation unit 13 may be provided with a member for diffusing observation light, but usually no special member is required, and the distal end of the optical fiber acts as the light irradiation unit 13. obtain.
- the illumination light irradiation means includes illumination light generation means (pulse illumination light source 19), means for transmitting the illumination light into the blood vessel, means for irradiating the illumination light into the blood vessel, and the like.
- the means for transmitting the illumination light is a catheter.
- a light guide 18 including an optical transmission fiber is disposed in the tella, and an illumination unit 17 is provided at the distal end thereof as means for irradiating illumination light into the blood vessel.
- the illumination unit 17 may be provided with a member or the like for diffusing illumination light, but usually no special member is required, and the distal end of the optical fiber can act as the illumination unit.
- the imaging means includes means for receiving an image of the blood vessel lumen, means for transmitting the image of the blood vessel lumen, means for converting the image into an electrical signal (image processing means), means for monitoring the image, and the like. Includes lenses for imaging and optically enlarging images.
- the means for transmitting the image of the blood vessel lumen is provided as an image guide 21 including an optical transmission fiber in the catheter, and an observation section 20 is provided at the distal end of the image guide 21 as a means for receiving the image of the blood vessel lumen.
- the observation unit 20 is provided with a lens as necessary.
- Means for converting an image into an electrical signal includes an image sensor 22 and an image processing unit 23. Examples of means for monitoring an image include a monitor 24 and a video.
- the device for sensing the light irradiation of the capillary tube of the present invention and the light that is activated by the irradiation of light or light and the light that is irradiated to form the water vapor bubbles are common, but different from each other.
- Light may be used.
- the light generating means, the light transmitting means, and the light irradiating means may be the same or different.
- tubules incorporating an endoscopic device that can irradiate high-intensity pulsed light into blood vessels to generate water vapor bubbles and temporarily remove liquid in the blood vessels.
- a liquid delivery system for injection may be included. A small amount of physiological saline or the like is delivered by the liquid delivery system, and the local blood irradiated with high-intensity pulsed light is replaced with physiological saline or the like.
- the vascular catheter 9 is a tube for inserting a part of the endoscope apparatus into the blood vessel, which can irradiate the blood vessel with high-intensity pulsed light to generate water vapor bubbles and temporarily remove the liquid in the blood vessel. Yes, it is used as a guide when moving a part of the endoscope device to the target site.
- a commonly used catheter can be used, and its diameter and the like are not limited, and can be appropriately designed according to the thickness of the blood vessel to be observed.
- the catheter 9 includes the high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 10, the observation light transmission fiber 11, the light guide 18, and the image guide 21, and these fibers and guides are incorporated into the catheter 9. .
- Each guide is composed of a transmission optical fiber, etc.
- the method of incorporating the fiber and guide is not limited.
- these fibers and guides may be randomly incorporated in the catheter 9, or a plurality of lumens may exist in the catheter 9, respectively. May be incorporated.
- the observation optical transmission fiber 11 or the light guide 18, the high-intensity pulsed optical transmission fiber 10, and the image guide 21 may be plural.
- the inside of the blood vessel can be illuminated in a wide pulse.
- These light guides 18 are preferably distributed within the catheter 9. There may also be a plurality of fibers 10 for transmitting high-intensity pulsed light.
- Fig. 14 shows a cross-sectional view of an endoscope apparatus that can irradiate high-intensity pulsed light into a blood vessel to generate water vapor bubbles and temporarily remove liquid in the blood vessel.
- High-intensity pulsed light includes pulsed light generated by a laser and an optical parametric oscillator (OPO).
- OPO optical parametric oscillator
- the laser generating means a normal laser generating apparatus can be used, and the laser type is not limited as long as the laser has a wavelength band in which the absorption coefficient of water is lO lOOOcnf 1, preferably lO lOOcffl- 1 , and rare earth ions are used.
- a solid laser or XeCl excimer laser can be used.
- the oscillation wavelength of the laser is 0.3 to 3 mm, preferably 1.5 to 3 nm, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5 mm, and more preferably a wavelength near the absorption wavelength of water (1.9 m).
- the laser is expressed by the element ion that generates the laser and the type of the base material that holds the ion.
- Ho holonium
- Tm thulium
- Er erbium
- Nd neodymium belonging to rare earths as elements. Of these, Ho and Tm are preferred.
- base materials include YAG, YLF, YSGG, and YVO.
- Ho YAG laser, Tm: YAG laser, Ho: YLF laser, Tm: YLF laser, Ho: YSGG laser, Tm: YSGG laser, Ho: YV0 laser, Tm: YV0 laser and XeCl excimer laser ( An oscillation wavelength of 308 nm) can be used.
- the laser oscillation wavelength is preferably the water absorption wavelength (1.
- a Ho: YAG laser with a relatively small absorption coefficient for living tissue and a long water vapor bubble with a long light penetration length is preferred.
- laser generators examples include LASER1-2-3 SCHWARTZ (manufactured by ELECTRO-OPTICS).
- An optical parametric oscillator can continuously change the wavelength of pulsed light, and it can emit pulsed light in a wavelength band where the water absorption coefficient is 10 to 1000 cm-1. Just choose. For example, 0.3 to 3 m, preferably 1.5 to 3 m, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5 mm, and more preferably a wavelength in the vicinity of the absorption wavelength of water (1.9 m) may be selected.
- the relative position of the distal end of the high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 10 irradiated with the high-intensity pulsed light (the high-intensity pulsed light irradiator 12) with respect to the distal end of the catheter 9 is not limited.
- Intense pulse optical fiber 10 distal end (high intensity pulse The light irradiation section 12) may protrude, the high-intensity pulse light transmission fiber 10 distal end (high-intensity pulse light irradiation section 12) may be retracted into the catheter 9, or the high-intensity pulse light
- the optical transmission fiber 10 distal end (high-intensity pulsed light irradiation unit 12) may be in the same position as the distal end with respect to the horizontal direction of the force antenna 9.
- the distal end of the high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber (the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation part 12) is connected to the catheter.
- the local blood that emits water vapor bubbles by irradiating high-intensity pulsed light is replaced with a liquid that has a low osmotic pressure, such as physiological saline, close to body fluid when irradiated with high-intensity pulsed light. It is desirable to keep it.
- a liquid that has a low osmotic pressure such as physiological saline
- infusion solutions such as dialysate are used.
- a high-intensity pulse light is irradiated into the blood vessel to generate water vapor bubbles, and liquid inside the blood vessel can be temporarily removed.
- a physiological saline solution or the like may be injected into the portion of the blood vessel irradiated with the high-intensity pulsed light using the liquid means, that is, near the irradiated portion of the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation portion.
- the liquid feeding means is composed of a liquid feeding channel provided in the catheter, an inlet provided at the distal end of the liquid feeding channel, a liquid reservoir connected to the channel, a pump for feeding, and the like.
- the lumen 25 may be provided in the catheter and the lumen 25 may be used as the liquid supply channel, or a separate tube may be provided in the catheter 9.
- the high-intensity pulsed light from the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation means is replaced in the blood vessel in order to replace the local blood part where the high-intensity pulsed light is irradiated into the blood vessel and water vapor bubbles start to be generated.
- the part to be irradiated and the inlet of the liquid feeding means must be located close to each other.
- a lumen 25 is provided in the catheter 9 and a high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 10 is passed through it. Saline or the like may be sent through the lumen 25.
- the amount of physiological saline solution to be delivered is not limited, but it may be about 1/10 to 1/1000 of the amount delivered by an endoscope that is injected with a conventional flush solution.
- a flash solution For example, in the conventional method of injecting a flash solution, it is necessary to inject a flash solution of 1 to 2 mL / sec. However, in the present invention, an injection amount of about 1 mL / min is sufficient. With this level of liquid delivery, oxygen supply to the periphery can be secured without hindering blood flow.
- Means for transmitting high-intensity pulsed light into the blood vessel include means for irradiating high-intensity pulsed light (high-intensity pulsed light irradiation unit 12) located near the distal end of catheter 9 and high-intensity pulsed light.
- a quartz fiber (one optical fiber) (high-intensity pulsed light transmission fiber 10) that is transmitted from the intense pulsed light generator to the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation means is included.
- near the distal end means a portion near the end opposite to the end (proximal end) connected to the high-intensity pulsed light generator, and the distal end and This refers to a portion of several tens of centimeters from the far end.
- the quartz fiber 1 is contained in the catheter 9 and is connected to a high-intensity pulsed light generator at one end and connected to a high-intensity pulsed light irradiation means (high-intensity pulsed light irradiation unit 12) at the other end.
- a high-intensity pulsed light irradiation means high-intensity pulsed light irradiation unit 12
- the quartz fiber used in the present invention can be accommodated in the catheter 9 from a very thin one having a diameter of about 0.05 to 0.3 mm to a visible thickness, it can transmit high-intensity pulsed light energy. A wide variety of diameters can be used.
- High-intensity pulsed light irradiation means is a means for irradiating high-intensity pulsed light into blood vessels, and is generated by an external high-intensity pulsed light generator (high-intensity pulsed light source 14).
- the high-intensity pulsed light transmitted along the blood vessel in the pulse light transmission fiber 10) is irradiated into the blood vessel so that water vapor bubbles are formed in the blood.
- the direction of irradiation with high-intensity pulsed light is not limited. Further, as described above, a plurality of high-intensity pulsed light transmission fibers 10 may be dispersed.
- the maximum dimension of water vapor bubbles generated by irradiation with high-intensity pulsed light is about 4 mm in diameter in the horizontal direction and about 5 thighs in the vertical direction, and the duration is about 100 s to 300 S.
- the size of the generated water vapor bubbles can be controlled by changing the intensity of the high-intensity pulsed light and the diameter of the fiber that emits the high-intensity pulsed light. T / JP2005 / 018909 If there are multiple transmission fibers, they can also be controlled by adjusting their arrangement.
- the intensity of the high-intensity pulse light, the diameter of the fiber, and the arrangement of the plurality of fibers can be appropriately set according to the thickness of the blood vessel to be observed.
- the fiber diameter is preferably I OO B! ⁇ Between IO OO DI.
- the intensity (pulse energy) of the high-intensity pulsed light is not limited and can be set as appropriate.
- the pulse width of the high-intensity pulse light is not limited, but is 10 ns to 10 ms, preferably 100 MS to l ms, and more preferably 150 S to 250 S.
- the pulse width is shown in full width at half maximum.
- Blood flow is a pulsatile flow.
- the elimination of blood by bubbles affects not only blood pressure (static pressure) but also dynamic pressure. Therefore, it is difficult to eliminate a large volume of blood.
- the blood flow stops completely the blood is a non-Newtonian fluid, so the viscosity increases and it is difficult to eliminate the blood by bubbles. Therefore, when the pulsatile blood flow rate has decreased,
- the timing can be detected by setting a delay time specific to the observation blood vessel in the heart rate information from the electrocardiogram.
- an electrocardiogram signal is passed through a delay generator so that the high-intensity pulsed light is emitted when the electrocardiogram and the laser generator are electronically connected and the pulsatile blood flow is reduced. What is necessary is just to transmit to a generator.
- the time delay can be determined as appropriate by a combination of an electrocardiograph, a delay generator, and a high-intensity pulsed light generator.
- a person skilled in the art can easily determine the timing of transmitting a signal such that a high-intensity pulsed light is emitted when the pulsatile blood flow decreases from the electrocardiograph based on the known relationship between the cardiac cycle, the aortic blood flow velocity, and the electrocardiogram. For example, in the case of coronary arteries, blood hardly flows during the systole when the aortic blood flow rate is large, and blood flows during the diastole when the aortic blood flow rate is small.
- the blood flow velocity in the coronary artery is maximized during the appearance of the P wave after the appearance of the T wave in the electrocardiogram, and the irradiation timing of the high-intensity pulsed light is preferably from the appearance of the P wave to the disappearance of the QRS wave.
- a pressure sensor or the like is disposed on the catheter of the endoscope apparatus, and the pulsation of blood flow is monitored by the sensor to monitor the pulsation of blood flow. At this time, high-intensity pulsed light may be irradiated.
- the pressure sensor and the high intensity pulsed light generator are electronically connected, and the signal from the pressure sensor is transmitted to the high intensity pulsed light generator with a delay.
- Light for observation such as pulse illumination light
- a signal from a high-intensity pulsed light generator delayed, or a signal from an electrocardiograph or pressure sensor.
- Irradiation may be further delayed from the intensity pulsed light generator.
- the delay time in this case can also be set as appropriate.
- the preferred delay time varies depending on the laser irradiation conditions, etc., it is, for example, several tens to several hundred ⁇ S, and laser irradiation and illumination are performed by changing the delay time in the blood vessel to be actually observed using the apparatus of the present invention. It is only necessary to select the time when the most appropriate image can be obtained by light irradiation.
- the blood flow may be closed when the water vapor bubbles are generated, and the closing time in this case is, for example, about 150 is.
- Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of water vapor bubbles generated in an endoscopic device that can irradiate high-intensity pulsed light into blood vessels to generate water vapor bubbles and temporarily remove liquid in the blood vessels.
- laser is irradiated from the laser transmission fiber 10 in the catheter 9, and water vapor bubbles are generated in the front portion of the catheter 9.
- the generation time of water vapor bubbles is as short as about 200 _i s to 300 ⁇ s and cannot be observed with the naked eye. Therefore, in order to exhibit the effect by irradiating the blood vessel lumen with observation light within an extremely short time during which bubbles are generated and blood is excluded, for example, in order to observe the blood vessel lumen by irradiating visible light
- the pulsed irradiation of the inside of the blood vessel is performed with a flash lamp for illumination according to the generation of water vapor bubbles.
- the inside of a blood vessel is pulse-illuminated and time-resolved imaging is performed.
- a delay may be provided between the irradiation of the high-intensity pulse light and the observation pulse irradiation light.
- a delay pulse generator 16 may be used to provide the delay.
- the delay time depends on the combination of the high-intensity pulse light generator and the observation light irradiation device used, and the pulse width of the high-intensity pulsed light when the vapor bubble size is near the maximum. What is necessary is just to set suitably so that it may irradiate.
- the pulse illumination means includes an illumination light generator having a flash xenon lamp, a flash halogen lamp, etc. as a pulse illumination light source 19, an infrared cut filter, a light intensity control shirt, a condenser lens, and an illumination light from the light source. It includes an optical fiber that transmits to the part that is irradiated into the blood vessel.
- the illumination light generator and the optical fiber are connected, and the illumination light generated by the illumination light generator and collected by the condenser lens is introduced into the optical fiber and through the light guide 18 to the inside of the blood vessel to be observed.
- the light is transmitted and the inside of the blood vessel is illuminated from the distal end of the optical fiber.
- the optical fiber may be made of quartz glass as in the case of the high intensity pulsed light irradiation means.
- an LED Light Emitting Diode
- a delay is provided between the LED emission and the high-intensity pulsed light irradiation. Control.
- the pulse width of the pulse illumination light is set smaller than that of the high-intensity pulse light. With such a setting, pulse illumination can be performed while water vapor bubbles are present, and imaging can be performed reliably.
- the position of the distal end of the light guide 18 (illuminating unit 17) relative to the distal end of the catheter 9 is not limited, and the distal end of the light guide 18 (illuminating unit 17) may protrude from the distal end of the catheter 9.
- the distal end of the light guide 18 (illuminating part 17) may be retracted into the catheter 9, and the distal end of the light guide 18 (illuminating part 17) is distal to the horizontal direction of the force table 9. May be in the same position.
- the light guide 18 distal end (illumination part 17) protrudes from the distal end of the catheter 9, it is advantageous because the inside of the blood vessel can be illuminated without shadowing by the catheter 9.
- the image of the blood vessel lumen is made a still image by performing pulse illumination.
- a blood vessel lumen image is obtained as a moving image by irradiating pulsed high-intensity pulsed light at a constant repetition frequency, continuously generating water vapor bubbles, and performing pulse illumination according to the generation of water vapor bubbles. it can.
- the repetition frequency at this time is, for example, about 20 Hz.
- An image of the blood vessel lumen can be obtained by an imaging means.
- an imaging means an optical fiber, an imaging device 22, an image processing unit 23, a monitor 24, etc. are connected, and an objective lens such as a cell hook lens is disposed at the distal end of the optical fiber, and an observation unit Configure 20 JP2005 / 018909
- the blood vessel lumen image enters the lens installed at the distal end of the image guide 21 of the catheter 9 as reflected light and is transmitted through the optical fiber to be visualized as a blood vessel lumen image.
- the light is collected by the objective lens present in the observation unit 20 at the distal end of the image guide 21 and an image is formed on the image pickup device 22 of the television camera through the optical fiber.
- an eyepiece may be provided between the lens and the TV camera.
- the eyepiece is a device that forms an image that has passed through the image guide 21 on the image sensor 22 of the TV camera, and requires a magnifying lens, focus adjustment function, magnification adjustment function, image rotation function, and optical axis adjustment function.
- a television camera having an image sensor 22 such as a CCD may be used.
- the blood vessel lumen image can be obtained by matching the CCD gate with the generation of water vapor bubbles.
- the position of the blood vessel lumen to be imaged may be in the direct viewing direction for a normal blood vessel, but if the blood vessel endoscope is a heart mirror for the heart or a thick blood vessel, It can be set freely by changing the orientation. Changing the direction of the lens and focusing the lens can be done with a motor. Also, the observation direction of the blood vessel lumen can be changed using a prism or the like.
- the image formed on the image sensor 22 is displayed on the monitor 24, and the image is recorded and stored as necessary.
- the direction in which the thin tube of the present invention is directed can be known, and the tip of the thin tube may be bent accordingly.
- Figure 17 shows high-intensity pulsed light irradiation, pulsed light irradiation for generation and observation of water vapor bubbles
- the pulse width of the pulsed irradiation light is small compared to the pulse width of the high-intensity pulsed light so that it can act when the water vapor bubbles are near the maximum (imaging in the case of a blood vessel endoscope). Yes.
- An image can be obtained as a moving image by repeating irradiation with high-intensity pulsed light, generation of water vapor bubbles, and pulse irradiation for observation at short intervals.
- the position of the distal end of the image guide 21 (observation section 20) relative to the distal end of the catheter 9 is not limited, and the distal end of the image guide 21 (observation section 20) may protrude from the distal end of the catheter 9.
- the distal end of the guide 21 (observation part 20) may be retracted into the catheter 9, and the distal end of the image guide 21 (observation part 20) is the same position as the distal end with respect to the horizontal direction of the force tape 9. May be.
- the distal end of the catheter 9 protrudes from the distal end of the catheter 9 (observation unit 20) it is advantageous because the front can be imaged without being blocked by the catheter 9.
- a tube that incorporates an endoscopic device and can bend the tip of the present invention can bend, for example, at the tip of the catheter 9 in FIG. It is only necessary to provide an actuating device that operates by light irradiation, and to provide a light transmission means for irradiating the device and / or actuating device in the catheter 9.
- the light transmission means may be connected to the high-intensity pulse light source 14 to generate light for irradiating the device and Z or actuate from the light source, or a separate dedicated light source may be used.
- a separate dedicated light source may be used.
- such a thin tube is used as an inner thin tube, and an outer thin tube is provided outside thereof, thereby providing a high-intensity pulsed light generation means and a high-intensity pulsed light transmission means for transmitting high-intensity pulsed light. It is possible to obtain the double tubule of the present invention incorporating an endoscope apparatus that can irradiate the lumen and generate water vapor bubbles to temporarily remove the liquid in the lumen.
- a tube with an inner diameter of 9 mm (manufactured by Sanyo Riken Kagaku Seisakusho) was processed on the helix, and pie metal was attached to one outside.
- the bimetal used is BR-1 (size 4 minX 60 dragon) manufactured by NE0MEX Co., Ltd., and is mounted so that the high expansion metal is located outside the tube. 18909.
- a semiconductor laser was irradiated at 3 W from the inside and outside of the tube.
- ODLMPUS UDL-60 was used as the laser generator.
- Figures 4 and 5 show the laser irradiation from the inside of the tube
- Figures 6 and 7 show the laser irradiation from the outside of the tube.
- Figures 4 and 6 show the tube before laser irradiation
- Figures 5 and 7 show the tube immediately after laser irradiation.
- the rod-like one attached above the tube is a bimetal
- the tubular thin rods in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 are one of the optical fibers for laser irradiation.
- the tube is bent by irradiating the bimetal with a laser.
- Example 2 Using a tube with an inner diameter of 38 mm as a simulated blood vessel, the simulated blood vessel was fixed in a curved state, and the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed in the simulated blood vessel.
- a tube with an inner diameter of 9 mm attached with the bimetal used in Example 1 was inserted into a curved simulated blood vessel and bent in the same direction as the simulated blood vessel (FIG. 8).
- FIG. 9 shows the results after irradiation.
- the tube with the bimetal attached bent further in the same direction as the bending direction of the simulated blood vessel. This indicates that the capillary tube of the present invention can bend more actively to the bent side by irradiating light when the capillary tube tip is passively bent.
- Thermocouples (Ishikawa Sangyo Co., Ltd., TS-T-36-1) were irradiated at a temperature of 3 W with a semiconductor laser irradiated from a fiber with an inner diameter of 750 mm and an outer diameter of lmin inserted into a tube with an inner diameter of 9 mm. ). The temperature measurement was performed at the point irradiated with the laser, 1/4 turn and half turn.
- Figure 10 shows the measurement results at the point where the laser was irradiated and the point half a circle ahead.
- 1 1 shows the measurement results at the point where the laser was irradiated and at a point 1/4 of that point.
- the temperature rises at the point of laser irradiation and almost no increase in temperature is observed at the points one-quarter and half-turn ahead from the point of laser irradiation.
- This result can be determined by measuring the temperature rise in each part of the capillary tube. JP2005 / 018909 This shows that this can be done, and when the laser-absorbing material “extensible material” is present in the laser-irradiated part, it can be seen that the part is a bent part.
- the upper right figure shows the state of laser irradiation.
- Example 4 A high-intensity pulsed light generation unit and a high-intensity pulsed light transmission unit that transmits high-intensity pulsed light are generated, and water vapor bubbles are generated by irradiating the lumen with high-intensity pulsed light. Endoscopic device that can temporarily remove liquid
- FIG. 15 The endoscope apparatus used in this example is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, a thin endoscope 30 was placed in a sheath 31 made of stainless steel and having a length of about 3 cm and an inner diameter of 0.8 cm.
- An image guide 28 and a light guide 29 are disposed in the small-diameter endoscope 30.
- a laser transmission fiber 27 is installed along the fiber, and these are placed in the catheter sheath.
- the optical fiber for imaging 27 in the transmission optical fiber 27 and the image guide 28 were made of the same quartz.
- the light guide 29 was made of plastic.
- the diameter of the transmission fiber 27 is about 0.6 mm, light guide 29 and image guide
- the diameter of the small diameter endoscope 30 with 28 integrated was about 0.7 thigh.
- the optical fiber 27 for laser transmission was connected to a Ho: YAG laser generator 32 (LASER 1-2-3SCHWARTZ (ELECTRO-OPTICS (USA))).
- the light guide 29 for pulsed light illumination used several fibers as the optical fiber for transmitting pulsed illumination light.
- An optical fiber for transmitting pulse illumination light was connected to a flash lamp 33 (fiber-one video flash M0DEL FA-1J 10TS (Nisshin Electronics Co., Ltd.)) via a condensing lens 34. In Fig. 15, thick white lines on both sides of the condenser lens 34 indicate light.
- the Ho: YAG laser generator 32 and flash lamp 33 are connected to a delay generator 35 (digital delay delay generator).
- a cell hook lens is placed at the distal end of the image guide 28 optical fiber, and the other side is the CCD camera 36 (Endoscope 3 CCD video camera system MV-5010A (manufactured by Machida Mfg. Co., Ltd.)). Connected. Furthermore, the CCD camera 36 was connected to a monitor 37 (PVM-9040 (manufactured by SONY)) with an RGB cable so that the blood vessel lumen image could be observed on the monitor 37. 8909
- the isolated porcine coronary artery and porcine blood used in this example were obtained from the meat market of the Tokyo Central Wholesale Market.
- the coronary artery 38 was cut into a length of about 5 cm.
- Pig One end of coronary artery 38 was ligated, and physiological saline or heparinized peta blood was placed inside, and the above-mentioned laser transmission optical fiber 27, light guide 29, and image guide 28 were disposed.
- Place the distal end in saline or porcine blood irradiate the pulse illumination light with a pulse width of 10 s without irradiating the laser, and monitor the blood vessel lumen image obtained with the CCD force meter 36. And recorded with video.
- the pig blood sample was imaged by irradiating a laser to generate water vapor bubbles.
- the laser intensity at this time was about 200 mJ / pulse and the pulse width was about 200 lis.
- the vascular lumen image obtained by the CCD camera after being delayed by the delay generator was displayed on the monitor and recorded on video.
- Example 5 A high-intensity pulsed light generation unit and a high-intensity pulsed light transmission unit that transmits high-intensity pulsed light are generated.
- the high-intensity pulsed light is irradiated into the lumen to generate water vapor bubbles. Examination of an endoscopic device that can remove liquid temporarily.2.
- the endoscope apparatus used was the same as in Example 4.
- a silicone tube with an inner diameter of 3 min was cut open, paper colored with red water-resistant ink was pasted inside, and the silicone tube was closed again.
- the distal end of the catheter sheath 26 provided with 28 was inserted into the tube, and the tube was placed in the milk so that the tube was filled with milk.
- a pulsed laser was irradiated to generate water vapor bubbles and imaged.
- the laser intensity at this time was 200 mJ / pulse or 450 mJ / puIse at one end of the laser irradiation fiber.
- the pulse width was about 200 s.
- the image of the vascular lumen obtained by the CCD camera after being delayed by the delay generator was displayed on the monitor and recorded on video.
- the delay time was 70 s or 140 s when the laser intensity was 200 mJ / pulse, and 70 S, 105 MS, 140 MS, 175 s and 210 s when the laser intensity was 450 nJ / pulse.
- images were taken without laser irradiation.
- a tube filled with milk without filling milk was imaged in the same manner, and this was used as an air control.
- the laser intensity is 450 mJ / puIse
- the size of the image is greatly increased when there is scattered liquid (milk) in front of the focus position, and when the scattered liquid (milk) is removed beyond the focus position, the image is focused and reduced.
- the brightness of the screen indicates how much scattering liquid (milk) is present in the observation field (the part where there is illumination light and can be seen). Indicates that it has been eliminated.
- the obtained image is represented by L * a * b * color system using color processing software (Photoshop (Adobe, USA), and the size is the radius of the Lab image where the brightness is 20 or more. Was measured with calipers, and the brightness was measured at the brightest part of the Lab image.
- FIG. 18 shows the delay time of 70 S (0.05 deg)
- Figure 18 A shows the laser intensity of 200 mJ / pulse (charging voltage 900 V)
- Figure 18 B shows the laser intensity.
- FIG. 19 shows a delay time of 140 s (0.ldeg)
- Fig. 9A shows a laser intensity of 20 (kJ / piilse (charging voltage 900V)
- Fig. 9B shows a laser intensity of 450nJ / pulse (charging voltage 1000V).
- Fig. 19 C shows no laser irradiation (control)
- Fig. 19D shows the image of air-controlled images
- the optimal condition is a condition where nothing is captured.
- Fig. 20 shows the relative values of magnitude and brightness at each delay time when the laser intensity is 450 mJ / pu I se. The smaller the image size and brightness, the more water vapor bubbles were generated.
- the aortic lumen of the rabbit was observed using an endoscopic device that can irradiate the lumen with high-intensity pulsed light to generate water vapor bubbles and temporarily remove the liquid in the lumen.
- the configuration of the endoscope apparatus used is the same as the endoscope apparatus shown in Fig. 15 used in Example 4, but the laser generator is a flash lamp excitation Ho: YAG laser (manufactured by Cyper Laser, type FLHY-1). ) was used.
- the laser irradiation fiber a fiber having a core diameter of 0.6 mm and an outer diameter of 1.45 ⁇ was used and bundled with an endoscope having an outer diameter of 1.3 mm (manufactured by au Medical Studio).
- a sheath of l OFr. Is placed in the rabbit aorta, and the above fiber and endoscope are bundled together. Inserted 2005/018909.
- the laser irradiation conditions were 10 Hz and 400 mJ / pul se.
- the lumen of the blood vessel was imaged without irradiating the laser.
- the apparatus of the present invention By using the apparatus of the present invention, light is applied to the tip of a thin tube such as a catheter inserted into a lumen of a blood vessel or the like, and the position where the light is applied to the tip of the thin tube or the position where the temperature is increased by light irradiation It is possible to easily determine the bending direction of the tip end of the thin tube by monitoring with a sensor included in.
- the apparatus of the present invention includes an actuator that deforms by irradiating light on the tip of the capillary tube. By irradiating light to the actuator and transforming the actuator overnight, the tip of the capillary tube can be easily formed. Can be bent in any direction.
- the direction of bending of the thin tube is determined in advance by the sensor, and then the inner thin tube is moved in the front-rear direction or the rotational direction, thereby being included in the distal end portion of the inner thin tube.
- the tip of the capillary tube can be further bent by positioning the actuator overnight so that it is irradiated with light, irradiating the actuator overnight with light, and deforming the actuator overnight.
- the device of the present invention can radiate light to the tip end of a thin tube such as a catheter inserted into a lumen such as a blood vessel, and the tip corresponds to the state of bending, branching, etc. in the lumen. And bend.
- the device just by performing an operation of irradiating light for a certain period of time, the device itself determines the direction in which it should be bent and easily and quickly controls the advancing direction of the tubule without checking the tip end position of the tubule. It becomes possible.
- the high-intensity pulsed light generation means of the present invention and the high-intensity pulsed light transmission means for transmitting the high-intensity pulsed light, and irradiates the high-intensity pulsed light into the lumen to generate water vapor bubbles.
- 8909 can be used to temporarily remove the liquid in the lumen, and the distal end of the thin tube equipped with the observation means is placed in the lumen by using an endoscopic device with a flexible tube. It can be directed in a direction suitable for observation, for example, the center of the lumen, and enables accurate observation within the lumen.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/783,185 US20080021416A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 | 2007-04-06 | Thin tube which can be hyperflexed by light |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004295374A JP4756258B2 (ja) | 2004-10-07 | 2004-10-07 | 光により過屈曲する細管 |
| JP2004-295374 | 2004-10-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/783,185 Continuation-In-Part US20080021416A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 | 2007-04-06 | Thin tube which can be hyperflexed by light |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2006038739A1 true WO2006038739A1 (ja) | 2006-04-13 |
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| PCT/JP2005/018909 Ceased WO2006038739A1 (ja) | 2004-10-07 | 2005-10-07 | 光により過屈曲する細管 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20080021416A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4756258B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006038739A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080021416A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
| JP2006102325A (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
| JP4756258B2 (ja) | 2011-08-24 |
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