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WO2006037975A2 - Elements allonges, tels que des cables et des tubes, et procedes de terminaison associes - Google Patents

Elements allonges, tels que des cables et des tubes, et procedes de terminaison associes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006037975A2
WO2006037975A2 PCT/GB2005/003786 GB2005003786W WO2006037975A2 WO 2006037975 A2 WO2006037975 A2 WO 2006037975A2 GB 2005003786 W GB2005003786 W GB 2005003786W WO 2006037975 A2 WO2006037975 A2 WO 2006037975A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cable
mandrel
ribbons
collar
elongate member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2005/003786
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2006037975A3 (fr
Inventor
Simon Howard Corner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2006037975A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006037975A2/fr
Publication of WO2006037975A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006037975A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L33/00—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose-connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses
    • F16L33/20—Undivided rings, sleeves, or like members contracted on the hose or expanded inside the hose by means of tools; Arrangements using such members
    • F16L33/213—Undivided rings, sleeves, or like members contracted on the hose or expanded inside the hose by means of tools; Arrangements using such members only a sleeve being expanded inside the hose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/16—Auxiliary apparatus
    • D07B7/169—Auxiliary apparatus for interconnecting two cable or rope ends, e.g. by splicing or sewing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
    • F16G11/00—Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes
    • F16G11/02—Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes with parts deformable to grip the cable or cables; Fastening means which engage a sleeve or the like fixed on the cable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
    • F16G11/00—Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes
    • F16G11/04—Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes with wedging action, e.g. friction clamps
    • F16G11/05—Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes with wedging action, e.g. friction clamps by using conical plugs insertable between the strands
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/16—Auxiliary apparatus
    • D07B7/167—Auxiliary apparatus for joining rope components

Definitions

  • Elongate members such as cables and tubes, and methods of termination thereof
  • a first aspect of the present invention relates to elongate members of thermoplastic composite material, and in particular to a method of terminating such members.
  • thermoplastics such as polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulphide, polyamide, polyether sulphide, and polyether imide, that are reinforced by filaments of reinforcing material such as carbon fibres, glass fibres or aramid fibres.
  • tension cables that might, for example, be used in the rigging of a marine vessel, or pipes that might be used for conveying a fluid.
  • a method of terminating an end of an elongate member formed of thermoplastic composite material, the end of the elongate member having a portion or portions arranged around an axis of the end of the elongate member comprises the steps of forming an assembly of the end of the elongate member with a collar member and a mandrel member, and then working the assembly so as to secure the members to the end of the elongate member.
  • the assembling step comprises arranging the portion or portions of the end of the elongate member around the mandrel member and inside the collar member, at least one of the mandrel and collar members having a surface facing the portion or portions that is non-cylindrical and at least the other of the mandrel and collar members being deformable towards the portion or portions.
  • the working step comprises the steps of heating the assembly so that the portion or portions of the end of the elongate member become soft and tacky, then deforming said other member so that the portion or portions are compressed between the mandrel and collar members, and then allowing the assembly to cool so that the portion or portions become bonded to the mandrel and collar members.
  • the compression of the end portion or portions while soft and tacky causes it/them to deform so as to conform to the non-cylindricity of said one member so that the end of the elongate member, once cool, cannot subsequently be removed from the assembly without further deformation. Furthermore, the compression of the end portion or portions while soft and tacky between the mandrel and collar members causes the thermoplastics, once cool, to bond to the mandrel and collar members so that the end of the elongate member cannot subsequently be removed from the assembly without breaking the bond.
  • the assembling step preferably includes splaying out the ends of the strands around the mandrel member.
  • the ends of the strands are then compressed together during the deforming step to form a homogeneous mass between the mandrel and collar members, in addition to bonding the homogeneous mass to the mandrel and collar members.
  • the mandrel member preferably tapers in the direction away from the end of the cable and more preferably tapers to a point. This avoids the formation of sharp kinks in the reinforcing fibres during the deforming step.
  • the method of the first aspect of the invention can also be used to terminate an elongate member that is tubular, such as a pipe.
  • the mandrel member may be deformable and hollow, in which case the deforming step may comprise applying pressure inside the mandrel member to expand the mandrel member radially.
  • the collar member may be deformable, and the deforming step may comprise contracting the collar member, for example with a mechanical swaging or crimping action, but preferably with an electromagnetic action.
  • the assembling step preferably includes disposing filler material between the end portion or portions of the elongate member and one or both of the mandrel and collar members.
  • an elongate member of thermoplastic composite material terminated by a method of the first aspect of the invention.
  • a machine for use in performing a method of the first aspect of the invention comprising means for supporting either or both of the mandrel and collar members, means for so heating the assembly and means for so deforming said other member.
  • a fourth aspect of this invention relates to tension cables. It is well known to form a tension cable from a plurality of separate flexible strands that are twisted helically along the length of the cable. The twisting serves to hold the strands together and also makes the cable more flexible and able to be coiled. Many configurations are possible, such as three strands 10 that are mutually twisted (as shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings) and six strands 12 that are wound around a central strand 14 (as shown in Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings). Typically each strand has a circular cross-section.
  • the overall cross-sectional area of the cable can be significantly greater that the total cross-sectional area of the strands, and the cable may have a cross-sectional outline that is significantly non-circular. Accordingly, the cable has a higher wind drag coefficient, a greater bulk and the ability to absorb more water than a single circular strand having the same cross-sectional area of strand material.
  • a tension cable comprising a bundle of elongate strands of flexible material each wound helically along the length of the cable and each for bearing a proportion of a tensile load applied to the cable, wherein each strand is a ribbon having an elongate cross-section having a thickness extending in the radial direction of the cable and a length extending around the centre of the cable, the ribbons as viewed cross-sectionally of the cable being wound in a spiral series.
  • the strands can be tightly packed with an insignificant amount of interstitial space and with a relatively smooth cross-sectional outline.
  • At least some of the ribbons are four-sided having a pair of opposed shorter sides and a pair of opposed longer sides, and, for a majority of those ribbons, the shorter sides of the ribbon abut the shorter sides of the ribbons before and after that ribbon in the spiral series. It is therefore possible that at least the bulk of the cable can be formed from 'off-the-shelf ribbon stock.
  • the ribbons may be specially shaped.
  • at least some of the ribbons may be three-sided having a longer side and two shorter sides, and, for a majority of those ribbons, the longer side of the ribbon may in part overlap one of the shorter sides of the ribbon after that ribbon in the spiral series and may in part overlap the previous turn of the spiral.
  • the ribbons are preferably arranged as at least one group of a multiplicity of the ribbons, with the ribbons of the or each group being made from stock having an, or a respective, identical cross-sectional shape and size. This reduces the variety of ribbon stock that needs to be available in order to construct the cable. Nevertheless, at least the ribbon at the end of the spiral series nearer and/or further from the centre of the cable is preferably made from stock having a different cross-sectional shape and size to the stock from which the majority of the ribbons are made.
  • the cable may have a further, generally-central, strand, for example of generally circular cross-section, around which the spiral series of ribbons is wound.
  • the cable lends itself to the use of strands that are of thermoplastic composite material, and may be terminated by the method of the first aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional three-stranded cable
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional seven-stranded cable
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tension cable of a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 4-6 are end views of three different shapes of strand that are used in the cable of Figure 3;
  • Figure 7 is an isometric view of the cable of Figure 3;
  • Figure 8 is an end view of a tension cable of a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figures 9-12 are end views of three different shapes of strand that are used in the cable of Figure 8;
  • Figures 13A-E are longitudinal sectional views showing steps in a first example of a method of terminating an end of a cable; - S -
  • Figures 15A-D are longitudinal sectional views showing steps in a third example of a method of terminating an end of a pipe.
  • Each rectangular-section ribbon 22 has a width W that is, say, Vh times the diameter D of the strand 18, and a thickness T that is substantially less than its width W, for example 10 or 15% of its width W.
  • Each triangular-section ribbon 20 has a shortest side length that is about equal to the thickness T of the ribbons 22 and longer side lengths that are both about equal to the width W of the ribbons 22.
  • the ribbons 20,22 are not heated to such an extent that the thermoplastics material becomes tacky and the ribbons 20,22 tend to bond together.
  • a lubricating and anti-bonding agent may be applied to the ribbons 20,22 before they are wound, and pressure may be applied to the ribbons 20,22 by a die or rollers in order to pack the ribbons tight.
  • the central strand 18 and the innermost ribbon 20,20a may instead be provided by a single specially-shaped strand.
  • the outermost ribbon 20,20b may be omitted.
  • the central strand 18 may take up a greater or lesser proportion of the overall cross-section of the cable 16.
  • the ribbons 22 that make up the bulk of the cable need not necessarily be identical. For example, they may be grouped as two or more groups of ribbons of different widths, with the group of narrower/narrowest ribbons being towards the inner end of the spiral and the group of wider/widest ribbons being towards the outer end of the spiral.
  • the ends 50 of the ribbons of the cable 16 that project from the end 44 of the collar 40 are then splayed out, and a conical end 52 of a mandrel 54 is inserted axially into the centre of the splay, as shown in Figure 13C.
  • the mandrel 54 extends as a generally cylindrical shank 56 to a shoulder 58.
  • the shank 56 and conical end are coated with a layer 60 of thermoplastics material that is identical to or compatible with the thermoplastics material of the cable 16.
  • the mandrel 54 has a screw-threaded stub 62.
  • the mandrel 54 is hollow and opens out to a port 64 in the end of the stub 62.
  • the assembly of Figure 13D is then placed in a machine (not shown) (i) that supports the collar 40 and mandrel 54, (ii) that heats the collar 40, mandrel 54 and ends 50 of the cable 16 so that the thermoplastic material of the ends 50 and of the coating layers 48,60 reaches a temperature at which it becomes soft and tacky (for example in the range of 200 to 450 degrees centigrade depending on type of material) and (iii) that, once the required temperature is attained, applies pressure using electrohydraulic vaporisation via the port 64 sufficient to cause the shank 56 of the mandrel 54 to expand radially so as to cause the shank 56 to conform to the non-cylindrical shape of the collar 40 and to cause the ends 50 of the cable 16 and the coating layers 48,60 to be compressed between the collar 40 and the expanded mandrel 54.
  • a machine not shown
  • the effect of the pressure and temperature is to combine the thermoplastic material of the ends 50 of the cable 16 and the coating layers 48,60 into a single homogenous mass 66, as shown in Figure 13E, with the reinforcing fibres of the cable 16 embedded in the homogeneous mass 66, and with the mass 66 held under pressure between the collar 40 and the shank 56 of the mandrel 54.
  • the machine then removes the applied pressure and allows the assembly to cool, as a result of which the homogeneous mass 50 becomes bonded to the non-cylindrical inner surface of the collar 40 and the non-cylindrical outer surface of the shank 56 of the mandrel 54.
  • the cool assembly is then removed from the machine.
  • the collar 40 and mandrel 54 therefore form a termination fitting at the end of the cable 16.
  • the end of the cable 16 can be connected to anything desired using the screw thread on the stub 62 of the mandrel 54.
  • the collar 40 is instead contracted around the splayed ends 50 and the mandrel 54 so that the collar 40 conforms to the non-cylindrical shape of the shank 56 of the mandrel 54.
  • the collar 40 is electrically conductive and is contracted by electromagnetic action using a coil 68 through which a high electrical current is pulsed.
  • a system for performing this action is available under the name MagnepressTM from IAP Research Inc, OH 45429, USA.
  • expansion of the mandrel 54 may be employed in combination with contraction of the collar 40.
  • the collar 40 may be contracted using other methods, such as mechanical swaging or crimping.
  • the methods are not limited to being employed on cables as described with reference to Figures 3 to 12, and may also be employed, for example with cables as show in Figures 1 and 2 made from thermoplastic composites.
  • the methods may also be developed for the termination of pipes and tubes of thermoplastic composites, as will now be described with reference to Figures 15A to
  • FIG 15A shows a square-cut end of a thermoplastics pipe 70.
  • an electrically-conductive cylindrical mandrel 54 is inserted into the end of the pipe 70, as shown in Figure 15B.
  • the mandrel 54 is coated with a layer 60 of thermoplastics material that is identical to or compatible with the thermoplastics material of the pipe 70, and the external diameter of the coated mandrel 54 is a snug fit for the internal diameter of the pipe 70.
  • a collar 40 is then fitted over the end of the pipe 70.
  • the collar has a non-cylindrical portion 46 with an undulating internal diameter and is internally coated with a layer 48 of thermoplastics material that is identical to or compatible with the thermoplastics material of the pipe 70.
  • the effect of the pressure and temperature is to combine the thermoplastic material of the end of the pipe 70 and the coating layers 48,60 into a single homogenous mass 66, as shown in Figure 15D, with the reinforcing fibres of the pipe 70 embedded in the homogeneous mass 66, and with the mass 66 held under pressure between the collar 40 and the mandrel 54.
  • the machine then allows the assembly to cool, as a result of which the homogeneous mass 50 becomes bonded to the non-cylindrical inner surface of the collar 40 and the non-cylindrical outer surface of the mandrel 54.
  • the cool assembly is then removed from the machine.
  • the collar 40 and mandrel 54 therefore form a termination fitting at the end of the pipe 70.
  • the end of the pipe 70 can then be connected to anything desired using the screw thread 74 on the collar 40, for example, as shown in Figure 16, to another pipe 76 that has been similarly terminated except for the use of a collar 78 having a complementary internal female screw thread.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de terminaison d'une extrémité d'un élément allongé (16), tel qu'un câble ou un tuyau, fabriqué en matériau composite thermoplastique. L'extrémité de l'élément allongé est assemblée à un élément manchon (40) et à un élément mandrin (54). Cet assemblage est ensuite travaillé, de sorte à fixer lesdits éléments sur l'extrémité de l'élément allongé. L'étape d'assemblage consiste à disposer l'extrémité de l'élément allongé autour de l'élément mandrin et à l'intérieur de l'élément manchon. Au moins l'élément mandrin ou l'élément manchon présente une surface faisant face à l'extrémité de l'élément allongé qui est non cylindrique, et au moins l'élément restant est déformable en direction de l'extrémité de l'élément allongé. L'étape de travail consiste à chauffer l'assemblage de sorte que l'extrémité de l'élément allongé devienne souple et adhésive, puis à déformer les autres éléments de sorte que l'élément allongé soit comprimé entre l'élément mandrin et l'élément manchon, et enfin à permettre le refroidissement de l'assemblage de sorte que l'extrémité de l'élément allongé se lie aux éléments mandrin et manchon. La compression de l'extrémité de l'élément allongé pendant qu'elle est souple et adhésive entraîne une déformation de ladite extrémité qui prend la forme non cylindrique de l'élément, de sorte que l'extrémité, une fois refroidie, ne peut plus être retirée de l'assemblage sans être déformée à nouveau. De plus, la compression de l'extrémité de l'élément allongé, pendant qu'elle est souple et adhésive, entre l'élément mandrin et l'élément manchon, entraîne la liaison du matériau thermoplastique, une fois refroidi, aux éléments mandrin et manchon, de sorte que l'extrémité de l'élément allongé ne peut plus être retirée de l'assemblage sans rompre cette liaison. L'invention concerne également une structure de câble à rubans.
PCT/GB2005/003786 2004-10-02 2005-09-30 Elements allonges, tels que des cables et des tubes, et procedes de terminaison associes Ceased WO2006037975A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0421957.2 2004-10-02
GB0421957A GB2418713A (en) 2004-10-02 2004-10-02 Connector for cable or pipe made of composite thermoplastic material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006037975A2 true WO2006037975A2 (fr) 2006-04-13
WO2006037975A3 WO2006037975A3 (fr) 2006-06-15

Family

ID=33427995

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2005/003786 Ceased WO2006037975A2 (fr) 2004-10-02 2005-09-30 Elements allonges, tels que des cables et des tubes, et procedes de terminaison associes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2418713A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006037975A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1820999A3 (fr) 2006-02-21 2008-05-07 Faigle Kunststoffe Gesellschaft m.b.H. Procédé de formation d'un ancrage sur un faisceau longitudinal de fibres
JP4992098B2 (ja) * 2007-06-05 2012-08-08 株式会社水研 ノンボルト継手構造およびノンボルト継手構造を形成する方法
CN101925756B (zh) * 2008-01-24 2013-03-20 麦弗雷克斯长焦控制两合公司 用于驱动缆索的封闭帽、驱动缆索、用于制造封闭帽的方法以及用于制造驱动缆索的方法
WO2010000330A1 (fr) * 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 Inventio Ag Boucle d'extrémité de moyen de portage avec un corps déformable
EP3751322B1 (fr) * 2019-06-10 2022-12-21 Sterlite Technologies Limited Empilement de ruban de fibre optique à haute densité

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB816839A (en) * 1956-08-14 1959-07-22 Walter Clifford Cunningham Rope joining means
US2237618A (en) * 1940-06-06 1941-04-08 William W Weatherford Choker knob
GB1139841A (en) * 1966-08-05 1969-01-15 Ici Ltd Gripping device for ropes
JPS51134768A (en) * 1975-05-16 1976-11-22 Kubota Ltd Method of forming plastic pipe faucet joint
US4755076A (en) * 1986-11-25 1988-07-05 Conoco Inc. Spike and socket cable termination
GB8921362D0 (en) * 1989-09-21 1989-11-08 Linear Composites Limited Termination
DE9307262U1 (de) * 1993-05-13 1993-07-15 Hackforth GmbH & Co KG, 4690 Herne Schiebehülsen-Verbindung für Kunststoffrohre
GB2279085A (en) * 1993-06-18 1994-12-21 Michael William Commander Termination of thermoplastic composite tensile members
US5370425A (en) * 1993-08-25 1994-12-06 S&H Fabricating And Engineering, Inc. Tube-to-hose coupling (spin-sert) and method of making same
DE29801592U1 (de) * 1997-05-13 1998-09-10 Hewing GmbH, 48607 Ochtrup Preßfitting für ein Kunststoffrohr
US6394506B1 (en) * 2000-08-29 2002-05-28 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Hose coupling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006037975A3 (fr) 2006-06-15
GB0421957D0 (en) 2004-11-03
GB2418713A (en) 2006-04-05

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