WO2006025364A1 - 超音波診断装置 - Google Patents
超音波診断装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006025364A1 WO2006025364A1 PCT/JP2005/015728 JP2005015728W WO2006025364A1 WO 2006025364 A1 WO2006025364 A1 WO 2006025364A1 JP 2005015728 W JP2005015728 W JP 2005015728W WO 2006025364 A1 WO2006025364 A1 WO 2006025364A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Clinical applications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/02007—Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
- A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
- A61B8/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B8/485—Diagnostic techniques involving measuring strain or elastic properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/89—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S15/8906—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques
- G01S15/895—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques characterised by the transmitted frequency spectrum
- G01S15/8954—Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques characterised by the transmitted frequency spectrum using a broad-band spectrum
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
- G01S7/52025—Details of receivers for pulse systems
- G01S7/52026—Extracting wanted echo signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
- G01S7/52036—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation
- G01S7/52038—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation involving non-linear properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52023—Details of receivers
- G01S7/52036—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation
- G01S7/52042—Details of receivers using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation determining elastic properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52053—Display arrangements
- G01S7/52057—Cathode ray tube displays
- G01S7/52074—Composite displays, e.g. split-screen displays; Combination of multiple images or of images and alphanumeric tabular information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52085—Details related to the ultrasound signal acquisition, e.g. scan sequences
- G01S7/52087—Details related to the ultrasound signal acquisition, e.g. scan sequences using synchronization techniques
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Clinical applications
- A61B8/0858—Clinical applications involving measuring tissue layers, e.g. skin, interfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/52017—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00 particularly adapted to short-range imaging
- G01S7/52053—Display arrangements
- G01S7/52057—Cathode ray tube displays
- G01S7/52071—Multicolour displays; using colour coding; Optimising colour or information content in displays, e.g. parametric imaging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that obtains a tissue property characteristic by tracking the movement of a subject tissue.
- An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus irradiates a subject with ultrasonic waves and analyzes information included in the echo signal to inspect the subject non-invasively.
- an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that is widely used obtains the structure of a subject as a tomographic image by converting the intensity of an echo signal into the luminance of a corresponding pixel. This makes it possible to know the internal structure of the subject.
- Patent Document 1 uses a phase difference between ultrasonic echo signals transmitted and received at regular intervals to obtain an instantaneous movement amount of a local region of a subject, and by adding the movement amount, A method for tracking a subject tissue with high accuracy is disclosed.
- the subject tissue tracking method disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
- Ultrasonic pulses are transmitted to the same location of the subject at intervals of ⁇ , and the received signals obtained by converting the obtained echo signals into electrical signals are denoted by y (t) and y (t + A t), respectively.
- t is the reception time with the transmission time set to 0.
- Probe force Measurement point force located at a certain distance xl The relationship of the following formula (1) holds between the echo signal obtained and its reception time tl, where C is the speed of sound.
- Measurement is performed by adding the movement amount ⁇ obtained from equation (2) to the original measurement point position xl.
- the position xl after ⁇ ⁇ of the point is obtained by the following equation (3).
- ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1 + ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (3)
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of further developing the method of Patent Document 1 and obtaining the elastic modulus of a subject tissue, particularly an arterial blood vessel wall. According to this method, first, as shown in FIG. 17, ultrasonic waves are transmitted from the probe 101 to the blood vessel 222 of the subject 230, and the measurement points ⁇ and ⁇ set on the blood vessel wall of the blood vessel 222 are used. The movement of measurement points A and B is tracked by analyzing the echo signal of the above by the method of Patent Document 1.
- Figure 18 shows the trace waveforms TA and TB at measurement points A and B. The ECG waveform ECG is also shown.
- the tracking waveforms TA and TB have a periodicity that matches the ECG waveform ECG.
- the heart begins to contract, and the heart contracts to push blood into the artery and increase blood pressure.
- the blood vessel wall is rapidly expanded by this blood pressure. Therefore, after the R wave appears in the electrocardiogram ECG, the artery expands rapidly and the tracking waveforms TA and TB also rise rapidly. The heart then slowly expands, causing the artery to contract slowly and the tracking waveforms TA and TB to gradually return. The artery repeats this movement.
- the difference between the tracking waveforms TA and TB is the thickness change waveform W between the measurement points AB. If the maximum variation of thickness change waveform W is ⁇ W and the reference thickness at initialization between measurement points AB (end diastole) is Ws, the maximum strain ⁇ between measurement points AB is Required in (4).
- a distribution image of the elastic modulus can be obtained.
- FIG. 17 when an edema 220 occurs in the blood vessel wall of the blood vessel 222, the elastic modulus is different between the atheroma 220 and the surrounding blood vessel wall tissue. Therefore, If a distribution image of the elastic modulus is obtained, important information for diagnosing the nature of the atheroma, especially easily ruptured, can be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-5226
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-229078
- the amount of movement of the subject tissue during the transmission / reception interval ⁇ the amount of movement by aliasing when the half wavelength of the ultrasonic wavelength is exceeded.
- the influence of noise becomes relatively large. In order to perform accurate measurement, it is necessary to reduce the influence of noise as much as possible.
- the present invention solves at least one of the problems of the prior art, and provides an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus capable of accurately tracking the movement of a subject tissue and obtaining an accurate property characteristic. aimed to.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of the present invention includes a transmitter that drives an ultrasonic probe for transmitting ultrasonic waves to a tissue of a subject, and the ultrasonic waves are reflected by the yarn and weave of the living body.
- the reception unit that receives the reflected wave using the ultrasonic probe and generates a reception signal, and a plurality of signal components each having a different band from the reception signal
- a plurality of phase detectors that detect phases of the plurality of signal components, respectively, and a tissue tracking unit that tracks movement of each tissue of the subject from the plurality of phases and outputs tracking information.
- the plurality of filters includes a first filter having a first center frequency and a second filter having a second center frequency higher than the first center frequency.
- the tissue tracking unit tracks the movement of each tissue of the subject from the phase of the signal component that has passed through the first filter, and outputs coarse tracking information; and the second tracking unit From the phase of the signal component that has passed through the filter and the coarse tracking information, A detailed tracking unit that outputs the tracking information of each yarn and weave of the body.
- the tissue tracking unit tracks a movement of a subject tissue from each of the plurality of phases and obtains tracking information, and the plurality of tracking units.
- a calculation unit that obtains tracking information with reduced noise based on a plurality of pieces of tracking information obtained from the unit.
- the calculation unit executes at least one of a simple average or a weighted average of the plurality of tracking information.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus further includes an amplitude calculation unit that obtains at least one amplitude of the plurality of signal components, and the tissue tracking unit has the amplitude as described above.
- the tracking information is obtained without using the signal component for which the amplitude is obtained.
- the transmission unit transmits a transmission signal for driving an ultrasonic probe so as to obtain an ultrasonic wave that emphasizes at least one of the bands of the plurality of filters. Generate.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus further includes a characteristic calculation unit for obtaining a characteristic characteristic of the subject from the tracking information.
- the first filter has a band that transmits the fundamental wave component of the ultrasonic wave
- the second filter has an nth harmonic component (n ⁇ 2) of the ultrasonic wave.
- a method for controlling an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is a method for controlling an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus by a control unit of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, in which ultrasonic waves are transmitted and received using an ultrasonic probe.
- the step (B) extracts a signal component having a first center frequency and a signal component having a second center frequency higher than the first center frequency.
- the step (D) tracks the movement of each tissue of the subject from the phase of the signal component having the first center frequency, and outputs the coarse tracking information (D1),
- the step (D) includes a step (D1) of tracking the movement of the subject tissue from each of the plurality of phases and outputting tracking information, and the plurality of the plurality of phases.
- the step (D2) executes at least one of a simple average or a weighted average of the plurality of pieces of tracking information.
- the control method includes a step (E) of obtaining at least one amplitude of the plurality of signal components between the step (C) and the step (D).
- step (D) when the amplitude is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the tracking information is obtained without using the signal component for which the amplitude is obtained.
- the step (A) transmits an ultrasonic wave in which at least one of the plurality of filter bands is emphasized to the subject.
- control method further includes a step (F) of obtaining a property characteristic of the subject from the tracking information.
- the signal component having the first center frequency includes the fundamental wave component of the ultrasonic wave
- the signal component having the second center frequency is the nth harmonic of the ultrasonic wave. Includes wave components (integers with n ⁇ 2).
- a plurality of signal components in different frequency bands having different received signal strengths are extracted using a filter, and each of these signal components is analyzed, so that the characteristics depending on the frequency can be obtained. Obtainable. Therefore, measurement accuracy can be improved by appropriately utilizing this feature.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the frequency characteristics of a received signal and the frequency characteristics of a filter in a conventional ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the frequency characteristics of a received signal and the frequency characteristics of a filter in another conventional ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the frequency characteristic of the received signal and the frequency characteristic of the filter in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on the monitor of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 7 is another diagram schematically showing the frequency characteristic of the received signal and the frequency characteristic of the filter in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8 is another diagram schematically showing the frequency characteristics of the received signal and the frequency characteristics of the filter in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing frequency characteristics of a received signal and frequency characteristics of a filter in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG. 11.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart for explaining a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in the present invention.
- 15 is a flowchart for explaining a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a method of tracking a tissue also with a phase difference force of an ultrasonic echo signal.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing how the elastic modulus of the blood vessel wall is obtained.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a method of obtaining a distortion amount using a tracking waveform obtained by vascular wall force.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 301 includes a transmission unit 102, a reception unit 103, a tomographic image processing unit 104, bandpass filters 113A and 113B, phase detection units 114A and 114B, and tissue tracking.
- a unit 171, a tissue characteristic calculation unit 117, and an image composition unit 106 are provided.
- a control unit 100 for controlling these components is provided. Not shown The control unit 100 is also connected to input means such as a keyboard, trackball, switch, button, and key, and output means such as an LCD display.
- the control unit 100 includes an ASIC, FPGA, DSP, CPU, memory, and the like.
- a program for executing each step for controlling the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 301 is recorded, and the program is read as necessary. Issued and executed.
- the transmission unit 102 In response to a command from the control unit 100, the transmission unit 102 generates a high-voltage signal that drives the probe 101 at a designated timing.
- the probe 101 converts the transmission signal generated by the transmission unit 102 into an ultrasonic wave and transmits it to the subject, and detects the ultrasonic echo reflected from the inside of the subject and converts it into an electric signal.
- a plurality of piezoelectric transducers are arranged in the probe 101. Scanning of ultrasonic waves to be transmitted / received by selecting the piezoelectric transducer to be used and timing to apply voltage to the piezoelectric transducer individually. Control line position, deflection angle and focus.
- the receiving unit 103 amplifies the received signal, adds an appropriate delay to the signal received by each piezoelectric transducer, and adds the signal to the position (focus) or direction (deflection angle) determined. Only ultrasonic waves are detected (beam forming).
- the tomographic image processing unit 104 includes a filter, a detector, a logarithmic amplifier, scanning transformation, etc., and analyzes the amplitude of the received signal mainly to image the internal structure of the subject.
- the bandpass filters 113A and 113B have different passbands, and extract signal components of the respective passbands from the reception signals output from the receiving unit. Assuming that the center frequencies of the passbands of the bandpass filters 113A and 113B are f1 and f2, f1 and f2 satisfy the relationship fl ⁇ f2. Therefore, the signal obtained by passing through the band-pass filter 113A includes a low-frequency component in the received signal, and the signal obtained by passing through the band-pass filter 113B includes a high-frequency component in the received signal.
- bandpass filters 113A and 113B are used to extract a plurality of signal components in different frequency bands with different received signal strengths, and analyze each of these signal components.
- frequency-dependent features can be obtained from each signal component. Therefore, using this feature appropriately improves measurement accuracy. Can be made.
- Phase detectors 114A and 114B are specifically quadrature detectors and the like, and detect the phase of the signal component of the received signal whose band is limited by bandpass filters 113A and 113B.
- the tissue tracking unit 171 includes a rough tissue tracking unit 115 and a detailed tissue tracking unit 116, and the phase force of the signal component detected by the phase detection units 114A and 114B also uses Equation (2) and Equation (3).
- the movement of each tissue of the subject is tracked and tracking information is output.
- the tissue rough tracking unit 115 obtains tracking information from the phase of the signal component detected by the phase detection unit 114A using Equation (2) and Equation (3). Since this tracking information is obtained based on the low frequency component in the received signal as described below, it is low resolution and coarse tracking information.
- the tracking information includes a tracking waveform indicating the phase change of the received signal at the measurement point, the amount of movement of the measurement point, and the position change.
- the tissue detail tracking unit 116 uses the equation (2) and the equation (3) from the phase of the signal component detected by the phase detection unit 114B and the coarse tracking information obtained from the tissue coarse tracking unit 115. Obtain and output detailed tracking information for each organization.
- the tissue characteristic calculation unit 117 receives detailed tracking information from the tissue tracking unit 171 and calculates parameters representing the tissue properties, such as strain rate, strain amount, elastic modulus, viscosity, and the like. Output as distribution image, audio, etc.
- the tissue characteristic calculation unit 117 receives external force information related to the stress that has caused a motion change to the tissue of the subject.
- the tissue of the subject is an arterial vessel wall
- the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value are received from a force such as a sphygmomanometer and calculated using Equation (5).
- the image composition unit 106 synthesizes the tomographic image obtained from the tomographic image processing unit 104 with images and numerical values representing the tissue characteristics obtained from the tissue characteristic calculation unit, and other numerical parameters, and the like. indicate.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 301 may further include a dedicated monitor 107 for this purpose, and the monitor 107 may be a general computer display.
- FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 schematically show the frequency characteristics of the bandpass filter and the frequency characteristics of the received signal used in the conventional ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus!
- the conventional ultrasonic diagnostic equipment selectively extracts the vicinity of the center frequency (or the vicinity of the transmission frequency) of the fundamental component of the received signal using a filter, and uses the phase of the extracted signal component.
- the movement of the subject tissue was tracked by the calculations of equations (2) and (3).
- the resolution increases as the frequency of the ultrasonic wave to be detected increases, the accuracy of tracking the subject tissue can be improved.
- the frequency increases, it is affected by aliasing and cannot respond quickly to rapid movement.
- the phase of the received signal cannot be uniquely determined by aliasing.
- the phase detection unit 114B detects a phase of ⁇ ⁇ 2, it determines whether this phase is really ⁇ ⁇ 2, which is actually 3 ⁇ ⁇ 2 but is detected as ⁇ ⁇ 2 by aliasing Can not.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows the frequency characteristics of the bandpass filters 113A and 113B and the frequency characteristics of the received signal used in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 301 according to the present invention.
- the center frequency fl of the pass band of the bandpass filter 113 ⁇ matches the center frequency of the fundamental wave component, and the bandwidth so that only the fundamental wave component is included. Is also set.
- the center frequency f2 of the passband of the bandpass filter 113B matches the center frequency of the second harmonic component of the received signal so that only the second harmonic component in the received signal is extracted.
- the bandwidth is also set to include only harmonic components.
- the second harmonic component in the received signal may be generated due to the non-linear characteristic of the subject tissue, or may be included in the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the transmitting unit 103. For example, if a pulse wave transmission wave is used, harmonics can be generated in the transmission wave, and the second harmonic component in the received signal is included.
- Phase detector 114A performs phase detection on the fundamental wave component in the received signal.
- the coarse tissue tracking unit 115 uses the equation (2) and equation (3) to detect the phase change of the fundamental wave component in the received signal, the tracking waveform indicating the movement amount and position change of the measurement point, etc.
- Request tracking information including. Aliasing does not occur at the frequency of the fundamental component, and tissue movement can be detected correctly even when the movement speed of the subject tissue is high. For this reason, these tracking information are correct measurement results, although they contain errors depending on the resolution determined by the frequency.
- Phase detector 114B performs phase detection on the second harmonic component in the received signal.
- the tissue detail tracking unit 116 uses the equations (2) and (3) from the detected phase to include the phase change of the fundamental wave component in the received signal, the tracking waveform indicating the movement amount and position change of the measurement point, etc. Ask for tracking information.
- the tissue detail tracking unit 116 receives the tracking information from the tissue coarse tracking unit 115. Since the received tracking information is an accurate value although the resolution is not high, the phase of the second harmonic component cannot be identified by aliasing. The correct phase of the second harmonic component can be determined.
- tracking information including the tracking waveform indicating the amount of movement of the measurement point and the change in position is obtained.
- the sound speed is 1540 mZs
- the fundamental frequency is 5 MHz
- the second harmonic is 10 MHz. If the moving distance of the measurement point set for the subject is 26 m, aliasing will not occur at the fundamental frequency or the second harmonic. For this reason, the phase of the fundamental wave is detected as ⁇ ⁇ 3, and using this phase, the amount of movement 26 m that includes an error of a predetermined magnitude can be calculated from Equation (2). In the second harmonic, the phase is detected as 2 ⁇ ⁇ 3. Similarly, the amount of movement can be calculated with a small error from equation (2).
- the moving amount of the measurement point set on the subject is 52 ⁇ m
- aliasing does not occur basically, but aliasing occurs in the second harmonic.
- the phase is detected as 2 ⁇ ⁇ 3 in the fundamental wave, and using this phase, the amount of movement of 52 ⁇ m that includes an error of a predetermined magnitude can be calculated from Equation (2).
- the phase should be detected as ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ 3, but it is detected as 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ . According to this, the equation (2) Therefore, the movement amount is calculated as 26 m.
- the rough tissue tracking unit 115 measures the fundamental wave and determines that the movement amount is about 52 m.
- the tissue detail tracking unit 116 receives the tracking information that the movement amount is about 52 m from the tissue coarse tracking unit 115. Therefore, the phase detected by the phase detector 114B is determined to be ⁇ 4 ⁇ 3 instead of 2Z3 ⁇ , and the moving amount 52 m can be calculated with a small error using this phase. Since the second harmonic component, which is higher in frequency than the fundamental component, is used, the calculation in the tissue detail tracking unit 116 has high resolution and accuracy. Therefore, the tracking information required by the yarn and weaving detailed tracking unit 116 has high accuracy.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 301.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 301 performs measurement by the control unit 100 controlling each unit. Specifically, first, the transmission unit 102 drives the probe 101 to transmit ultrasonic waves to the subject, and the reception unit 103 uses the probe 101 to reflect the reflection obtained from the subject. Receive. As a result, the receiving unit 103 generates a reception signal based on the reflected wave reflected from the tissue of the subject (step S501).
- the bandpass filters 113A and 113B each extract a plurality of signal components having different bands from the received signal (step S502). Specifically, the fundamental wave component and the second harmonic component are extracted. The phase of the extracted signal component is detected by the phase detectors 114A and 114B, respectively (step S503).
- the coarse tissue tracking unit 115 calculates tracking information of the subject tissue from the phase of the signal component detected by the phase detection unit 114A (step S504).
- the tissue detail tracking unit 116 calculates detailed tracking information of the subject tissue from the phase of the signal component detected by the phase detection unit 114B (Ste S505).
- the tissue characteristic calculation unit 117 calculates the tissue property characteristic from the detailed tracking information of the subject tissue (step S506). By repeating this procedure, the position of each tissue of the subject can be tracked sequentially.
- Figure 6 is displayed on monitor 107. It is an example of the displayed screen, and shows an example of the result of measuring the elastic modulus of the blood vessel wall.
- a two-dimensional elastic modulus image 201 representing the distribution of elastic modulus of the corresponding part is superimposed on the monochromatic tomographic image 200 of the blood vessel wall obtained by the tomographic image processing unit 104. Is displayed.
- an observation region is set so as to include a front wall 210 and a rear wall 211 of the blood vessel wall.
- the monochrome tomographic image 200 is updated and displayed every several tens of frames Z seconds as in the conventional ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.
- the elastic modulus image 201 is updated and displayed once per heartbeat.
- the monochrome tomographic image 200 is displayed in monochrome gradation according to the reflection intensity, and a scale 202 indicating the reflection intensity is also shown.
- the elastic modulus image 201 is displayed in a color tone according to the value of the elastic modulus, and is shown with a scale 203 indicating the value of the elastic modulus.
- a biological signal waveform 204 such as an electrocardiographic waveform is shown below the monochrome tomographic image 200.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows a state in which an atheroma 220 is generated on the rear wall 211.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 301 of the present embodiment the position of the tissue of the subject can be tracked with high accuracy as described above, so that the elastic modulus can be obtained with high accuracy. Therefore, the elastic modulus distribution of the atheroma 220 generated on the blood vessel wall can be obtained, and information important for diagnosis such as the nature of the atheroma 220, particularly easily ruptureability, can be obtained with high accuracy.
- the signal of the received signal force fundamental wave component and the signal of the second harmonic component are extracted using the filter.
- the tissue rough tracking unit By analyzing the signal of the fundamental wave component by the tissue rough tracking unit, it is possible to obtain correct tracking information that is not affected by aliasing even if the movement speed of the subject tissue is high.
- the tissue detail tracking unit analyzes the second harmonic component signal. At this time, even if aliasing occurs, the tracking information can be obtained correctly by using the tracking information of the rough tissue tracking unit. Therefore, according to the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of the present embodiment, it is possible to track the subject tissue with high movement accuracy and high accuracy. Thereby, for example, the elastic modulus distribution of the blood vessel wall of the arterial blood vessel can be measured with high accuracy.
- bandpass filters 113A and 113B that extract the fundamental wave component and the second harmonic component of the received signal are used.
- bandpass filters 113A and 113B are used. May have other passband characteristics.
- the non-pass filter 113A extracts a slightly lower frequency component from the fundamental wave component of the received signal
- the band-pass filter 113B extracts a slightly higher frequency component from the fundamental wave component of the received signal. It may be extracted.
- the low frequency component is not limited to the low frequency component of the fundamental wave, but may be a subharmonic component generated by the non-linear characteristic of the tissue of the specimen, or may be included in the transmitted ultrasonic wave in advance! /.
- the rough tissue tracking unit 115 analyzes the low frequency component using the equations (2) and (3) to obtain the coarse tracking information.
- the tissue detail tracking unit 119 similarly analyzes the high frequency component using the coarse tracking information, and tracks the movement of the subject tissue in detail. This makes it possible to follow the movement of the subject tissue faster than before by using the frequency component, which is lower than when measuring using the conventional filter shown in FIG. By using, tracking can be performed with high accuracy.
- bandpass filter 113A extracts a slightly lower frequency component of the fundamental wave component of the received signal in a slightly narrower band
- bandpass filter 113B provides a fundamental wave of the received signal. You may extract the whole component.
- the band pass filter 113B partially overlaps the pass band of the band pass filter 113A! /, But has a wider pass band than the band pass filter 113A. For this reason, it can be said that relatively high-frequency components are extracted as compared with the band-pass filter 113A. Even when bandpass filters 113A and 113B having such frequency characteristics are used, compared to the case where measurement is performed using the conventional filter shown in FIG. It is possible to follow the movement of the subject tissue at high speed and to perform tracking with high accuracy by using a high frequency component. Further, since the high frequency component band is wide, the resolution is high.
- two bandpass filters are used to extract signal components of two different frequency bands from the received signal.
- the number of signal components to be extracted is not limited to two. Two or more signal components may be extracted.
- a plurality of signal components extracted by the bandpass filter may partially overlap if the frequency bands do not completely match. By using the lower frequency component of the received signal, It can follow the movement. In addition, tracking can be performed with higher accuracy by using a higher frequency component of the received signal.
- the tracking information may be obtained by extracting the third or higher order n-th harmonic (where n is an integer of 3 or more), the force extracting the second-order harmonic component.
- a transmission signal in which at least one of the signal components extracted by the bandpass filter is emphasized may be used so that at least one of the signal components extracted by the bandpass filter can be detected with an amplitude of a predetermined magnitude.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 302 is different from the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 301 of the first embodiment in that an amplitude calculation unit 118 is provided.
- Amplitude calculation section 118 calculates the amplitude of the second harmonic component of the received signal extracted by bandpass filter 113B. If the amplitude is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold, a signal indicating that is generated and output to the tissue detail tracking unit 119. When receiving the signal from the amplitude calculation unit 118, the tissue detail tracking unit 119 does not obtain the tracking information using the second harmonic component, and outputs the tracking information obtained from the tissue coarse tracking unit 115 as it is.
- the tracking accuracy is prevented from being lowered by not obtaining the tracking information from the signal component obtained by extracting the received signal force or the received signal force.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 302.
- a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 302 will be described with reference to FIG. 9 and FIG.
- the transmitter 102 drives the probe 101 to transmit ultrasonic waves to the subject, and the receiver 103 receives the reflection obtained from the subject using the probe 101.
- the receiving unit 103 generates a reception signal based on the reflected wave reflected from the tissue of the subject (step S511).
- the bandpass filters 113A and 113B respectively extract a plurality of signal components having different bands from the received signal (step S512). Extracted signal component order The phases are detected by the phase detectors 114A and 114B, respectively (step S513).
- the coarse tissue tracking unit 115 calculates tracking information of the subject tissue from the phase of the signal component detected by the phase detection unit 114A (step S514).
- Amplitude calculation section 118 calculates the amplitude of the signal component extracted by bandpass filter 113B (step S514).
- the tissue detail tracking unit 119 receives the signal from the phase of the signal component detected by the phase detection unit 114B based on the tracking information obtained from the tissue rough tracking unit 115. Detailed tracking information of the sample tissue is calculated (step S517).
- the tissue detail tracking unit 116 performs tracking obtained from the tissue rough tracking unit 115 without using the signal component extracted by the bandpass filter 113B. Output information.
- the tissue characteristic calculation unit 117 calculates the characteristic property of the tracking information power organization obtained from the tissue detail tracking unit 116 (step S518). By repeating this procedure, the position of each tissue of the subject can be tracked sequentially.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 303 includes a plurality of bandpass filters 113A to 113X, a plurality of phase detection units 114A to 114X, and a tissue tracking unit 173, and the ultrasonic wave according to the first embodiment in this respect. It is different from the diagnostic device 301.
- the bandpass filters 113-8 to 113 extract signal components having received signal powers having different bands.
- the phase detectors 114A to 114X each detect the phase of signal components having different bands.
- the tissue tracking unit 173 includes tissue tracking units 121A to 121X and a calculation unit 122.
- the tissue tracking units 121A to 121X obtain the tracking information of the subject tissue from the detected phase by using the equations (2) and (3).
- the tracking information obtained by the tissue tracking units 121A to 121X should be the same force.
- the amount of noise differs for each frequency band, which causes an error in the tracking waveform. Occurs.
- the calculation unit 122 performs noise based on the tracking information obtained from each of the tissue tracking units 121A to 121X. Produces reduced tracking information. Specifically, simple average processing or weighted average processing is performed on the tracking information obtained from each of the tissue tracking units 121A to 121X, and the averaged tracking information is output. For the weighted average, for example, a band near the center frequency of the transmission waveform or the reception waveform may be weighted with a large weight and decreased as the distance from the band increases. Alternatively, the tracking information obtained from each of the tissue tracking units 121A to 121X may be averaged by excluding tracking information whose values are different.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of passband characteristics and frequency characteristics of received signals when three bandpass filters are used.
- tracking is performed using many frequency bands, and the averaging process is performed, so that the influence of noise can be reduced, and tracking can be performed with high accuracy.
- the noise superimposed on the received signal does not affect the entire band of the received signal equally.
- multiple signal components in different frequency bands are extracted from the received signal, there are signal components that are strongly affected by noise! And signal components that are less affected by noise.
- the signal component that is strongly affected by noise is considered to have far more tracking information than other signal components. Can be tracked with high accuracy.
- the low-frequency component is extracted from the received signal as the pass band of the band-pass filters 113A to 113X and tracking is performed using the extracted signal component, the movement of the subject tissue can be followed more quickly. It becomes like this. If high frequency components are extracted from the received signal, accurate tracking can be performed.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 303.
- a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 303 will be described with reference to FIG. 11 and FIG.
- the transmitter 102 drives the probe 101 to transmit ultrasonic waves to the subject, and the receiver 103 receives the reflection obtained from the subject using the probe 101.
- the receiving unit 103 generates a reception signal by a reflected wave reflected from the tissue of the subject (step S521).
- the bandpass filters 113-8 to 113 respectively extract a plurality of signal components having mutually different bands from the received signal (step S522).
- the phases of the extracted signal components are respectively detected by the phase detectors 114A to 114X (step S523).
- Organization The tracking units 121A to 121X obtain tracking information using the detected phases (step S524).
- the calculation unit 123 averages the tracking information obtained from the tissue tracking units 121A to 12IX (step S525).
- the tissue characteristic calculation unit 117 also calculates the tissue property characteristic of the tracking information power obtained from the calculation unit 122 (step S526). By repeating this procedure, the position of each tissue of the subject can be tracked sequentially.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention.
- the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 304 is different from the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 303 of the third embodiment in that it includes amplitude calculation units 118-8 to 118.
- Each of the amplitude calculation units 118A to 118X calculates the amplitude of the signal component extracted by the bandpass filters 113A to 113X. If the amplitude is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold, a signal indicating that is generated and output to the calculation unit 123.
- the calculation unit 123 excludes the tracking information obtained from the corresponding signal component from the average calculation and obtains the average of the remaining tracking information.
- various averaging methods can be used. Also, weighted averaging may be performed according to the amplitude.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 304.
- a control method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 303 will be described with reference to FIG. 14 and FIG.
- the transmitter 102 drives the probe 101 to transmit ultrasonic waves to the subject, and the receiver 103 receives the reflection obtained from the subject using the probe 101.
- the receiving unit 103 generates a reception signal based on the reflected wave reflected from the tissue of the subject (step S531).
- the bandpass filters 113 to 113 have a plurality of bands having mutually different bands from the received signal.
- a number of signal components are extracted respectively (step S532).
- the phases of the extracted signal components are respectively detected by the phase detectors 114A to 114X (step S533).
- the tissue tracking units 121A to 121X obtain tracking information using the detected phases (step S534).
- the amplitude calculators 118A to 118X detect the amplitude of each signal component (step S535).
- the arithmetic unit 122 averages the tracking information obtained from each of the tissue tracking units 121A to 12IX (step S536). At this time, when the amplitude value of each signal component is received from the amplitude calculation units 118A to 118X and the amplitude is smaller than a predetermined threshold value, the tracking information obtained from the signal component is calculated by averaging. Don't use it.
- the tissue characteristic calculation unit 117 also calculates the tissue characteristic characteristic based on the tracking information power obtained from the calculation unit 123 (step 537). By repeating this procedure, the position of each tissue of the subject can be tracked sequentially.
- the present invention is suitably used for an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that tracks the movement of a subject tissue.
- the present invention is suitably used in an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that obtains tissue property characteristics, for example, the elastic modulus of a blood vessel wall of a living arterial blood vessel.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006532705A JPWO2006025364A1 (ja) | 2004-09-01 | 2005-08-30 | 超音波診断装置 |
| US11/574,140 US20070213614A1 (en) | 2004-09-01 | 2005-08-30 | Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2004253884 | 2004-09-01 | ||
| JP2004-253884 | 2004-09-01 |
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| WO2006025364A1 true WO2006025364A1 (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/015728 Ceased WO2006025364A1 (ja) | 2004-09-01 | 2005-08-30 | 超音波診断装置 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070213614A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2006025364A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006025364A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009118798A1 (ja) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | パナソニック株式会社 | 超音波診断装置 |
| JP2010193944A (ja) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-09-09 | Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic Inc | 超音波診断装置 |
| JP2012249844A (ja) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-20 | Fujifilm Corp | 超音波診断装置 |
| WO2017077916A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-11 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 超音波診断装置および超音波診断装置の制御方法 |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITPI20040066A1 (it) * | 2004-09-21 | 2004-12-21 | Cnr Consiglio Naz Delle Ricerche | Metodo e dispositivo per la valutazione automatica di indici di funzionalita' cardiovascolare mediante elaborazione di immagini ecografiche |
| WO2007080870A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-19 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 超音波診断装置 |
| JP2009254780A (ja) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-11-05 | Fujifilm Corp | 超音波診断装置 |
| FR2932887B1 (fr) * | 2008-06-24 | 2016-02-05 | Univ Francois Rabelais De Tours | Dispositif acoustique de mesure localisee et sans contact des non-linearites elastique et dissipative et de la viscoelasticite |
| JP5294340B2 (ja) | 2010-10-27 | 2013-09-18 | ジーイー・メディカル・システムズ・グローバル・テクノロジー・カンパニー・エルエルシー | 超音波診断装置 |
| JP5209026B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-27 | 2013-06-12 | ジーイー・メディカル・システムズ・グローバル・テクノロジー・カンパニー・エルエルシー | 超音波診断装置 |
| KR101501479B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-03-11 | 알피니언메디칼시스템 주식회사 | 초음파 최적화 방법과 그를 위한 초음파 의료 장치 |
| TWI743411B (zh) | 2017-11-08 | 2021-10-21 | 美商富士膠片索諾聲公司 | 具有高頻細節的超音波系統 |
| EP4330719A1 (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2024-03-06 | Philips Image Guided Therapy Corporation | Filtering and apodization combination for ultrasound image generation and associated systems, methods, and devices |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009118798A1 (ja) * | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | パナソニック株式会社 | 超音波診断装置 |
| JP5161954B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-27 | 2013-03-13 | パナソニック株式会社 | 超音波診断装置 |
| US8469889B2 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2013-06-25 | Panasonic Corporation | Ultrasonograph that chooses tracking waveforms for attribute value calculations |
| JP2010193944A (ja) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-09-09 | Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic Inc | 超音波診断装置 |
| JP2012249844A (ja) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-20 | Fujifilm Corp | 超音波診断装置 |
| WO2017077916A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-11 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 超音波診断装置および超音波診断装置の制御方法 |
| JPWO2017077916A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-08-09 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 超音波診断装置および超音波診断装置の制御方法 |
| US11103218B2 (en) | 2015-11-02 | 2021-08-31 | Fujifilm Corporation | Ultrasound diagnostic apparatus and control method of ultrasound diagnostic apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070213614A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
| JPWO2006025364A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
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