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WO2006018348A1 - Procede pour produire un corps d'injecteur de carburant resistant a la temperature et a la corrosion - Google Patents

Procede pour produire un corps d'injecteur de carburant resistant a la temperature et a la corrosion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006018348A1
WO2006018348A1 PCT/EP2005/053150 EP2005053150W WO2006018348A1 WO 2006018348 A1 WO2006018348 A1 WO 2006018348A1 EP 2005053150 W EP2005053150 W EP 2005053150W WO 2006018348 A1 WO2006018348 A1 WO 2006018348A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
treatment
temperature
atmosphere
bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2005/053150
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nils Lippmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2006018348A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006018348A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below

Definitions

  • Fuel injector or nozzle body in fuel injection systems for self-igniting internal combustion engines are subjected to increasing thermal stress due to the ever-increasing power density.
  • the pressure level with which fuel injectors in particular are subjected to fuel injectors increases continuously; on the other hand, owing to the restricted installation space, it is desirable to design fuel injectors so that they are installed in the most space-saving manner possible. the fuel injectors are getting smaller and smaller.
  • the thermal stress is significant that the fuel injector are exposed to corrosion stress.
  • the high thermal stress and the stress caused by corrosion phenomena of the fuel injector body result in failures, especially in the shaft region of the fuel injector body due to stress corrosion cracking.
  • the enumerated case-hardened materials have the disadvantage that they either are not or only slightly resistant to corrosion.
  • the corrosion resistance which is present only to a small extent, is further enhanced by the heat treatment, carburized carbide or chromium nitrite precipitate are further reduced.
  • the heat treatment is essential for producing a sufficient hardness of the material.
  • an injector or nozzle body made of a corrosion-resistant steel, preferably a ferritic or martensitic, stainless steel having the composition C 0.06-0.4%, Cr 11-25% and Mo ⁇ 1.5 % to manufacture. Furthermore, nickel, silicon and manganese can be contained up to 1.5%.
  • a fuel injector or nozzle body is subjected to an embroidery treatment in a vacuum oven, the following treatment parameters being considerable:
  • the treatment temperature within the vacuum furnace is between 1000 ° C - 1150 ° C;
  • the atmosphere prevailing inside the vacuum furnace is a nitrogen atmosphere with a pressure of between 0.1 and 2 bar, whereby the duration of the nitrogenizing process within the vacuum furnace may be between 0.5 and 8 hours.
  • the treatment temperature is set at between 1000 ° C. and 1150 ° C. to room temperature. Quenching is preferably carried out with nitrogen at a pressure of 2-10 bar.
  • the quenching of the injector or nozzle body should be done directly from the make-up atmosphere to provide denitration, i. a decrease in the nitrogen content in the edge region of the workpiece or workpiece blank to avoid.
  • the temperatures, the atmosphere and the duration of the sticking process within the vacuum furnace depend on the nitrogen profile to be achieved.
  • marginal nitrogen contents are adjusted between 0.3 and 0.6%, the depths of injection varying between 0.3 and 1.5 mm, depending on the load and size of the nozzle body.
  • the Auf ⁇ embroidery depths depend to a considerable extent on the duration of the embroidery treatment within the vacuum furnace.
  • the workpiece After embroidering, the workpiece is deep-frozen within a temperature range of -60 ° C. to -196 ° C. in order to convert the retained austenite. Thereafter, one or possibly several tempering treatments of the parts takes place at temperatures between 400 ° C - 550 ° C to reduce further retained austenite while maintaining a high toughness.
  • the core hardness of the workpieces subjected to an embossing treatment, as proposed according to the invention depends on the carbon content of the base material. Since the core hardness is lower in comparison to the edge hardness after the pinch-off treatment and the subsequent Ab ⁇ , the workpieces treated as proposed according to the invention have better toughness properties than through-hardening stainless steels that are carbon and nitrogen-alloyed. A further advantage is that the workpieces proposed as proposed according to the invention are distinguished by high resistance to cavitation.
  • Figure 1 shows a hardness / depth profile of the material X6Cr17 at 1050 ° C, a treatment lungsdauer of 5 h, an N 2 pressure of 1 bar, a freezing at -196 ° C and after an eight-hour tempering at 420 ° C and
  • FIG. 2 shows a micrograph of the material whose hardness / depth profile is shown in FIG. 1, with the treatment parameters mentioned therein (without tempering). variants
  • an injector body or a nozzle body for a fuel injector or a nozzle holding body is produced from a ferritic or martensitic stainless steel of the following composition.
  • the ferritic or martensitic stainless steel contains between 0.06 and 0.4% carbon, as well as chromium between 11 and 25%, and molybdenum with a content of ⁇ 1.5%.
  • nickel, silicon and manganese can contain up to 1.5% in the steel.
  • An injector body or a nozzle body is produced from a ferritic or martensitic stainless steel of this type, which in the soft pre-processed state is subjected to an embroidery treatment within a vacuum furnace with the following treatment parameters:
  • the treatment temperature to which the injector body or the nozzle body of the fuel injector or a nozzle holding body is exposed is between 1000 ° C. and 1150 ° C.
  • the atmosphere which prevails within the vacuum furnace and which is exposed to the nozzle body or the injector body for the duration of the treatment time contains nitrogen, at a pressure between 0.2 and 2 bar.
  • the achievable Aufsticktiefen in the edge regions of the nozzle body or Injektor stresses depend on the treatment time of the component, i. from the contact time of the prevailing in the vacuum furnace Stickstoffatmo ⁇ sphere on the component contained in the vacuum furnace.
  • the treatment periods can be between 0.5 h and 8 h.
  • the surface of the injector or the nozzle body is exposed to the nitrogen atmosphere prevailing inside the vacuum furnace.
  • the nitrogen thus diffuses into the surface of the nozzle body or injector body so that its edge region has an increased nitrogen concentration.
  • the component is quenched from the treatment temperature, which is between 1000 ° C. and 1150 ° C., to room temperature, for which purpose preferably nitrogen is used under a pressure of between 2 and 10 bar .
  • This quenching of the component contained in the vacuum furnace is preferably carried out directly in the supercharging atmosphere prevailing inside the vacuum furnace, ie in the presence of nitrogen, in order to avoid edge desorption of the edge areas of the injector body or the nozzle body previously subjected to an embossing treatment.
  • the temperatures, the atmosphere and the duration of the treatment of the Aufstick- process is selected It has proved to be advantageous if in Randbreich one Nozzle contents between 0.3% and 0.6% be set ein ⁇ nozzle body or an injector body.
  • the depth, ie the Aufsticktiefen in the edge regions of the injector body or nozzle body, depending on the stress and size of the injector body and the nozzle body can be between 0.3 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the Aufsticktiefen until the depth of the workpiece relative to the nitrogen enrichment takes place depend essentially on the stress of the component, ie of its thermal stress, of its mechanical stress by Drackbeetzschung and of its size.
  • the workpiece After embroidering the injector or nozzle body within the vacuum furnace, the workpiece is frozen within a temperature range between -60 ° C to -196 ° C to convert the retained austenite. Thereafter, the workpieces at temperatures between 400 ° C to 550 ° C for several hours one or more ange ⁇ let.
  • FIG. 1 shows, as an exemplary embodiment, the hardness / depth profile of the materials X6Cr17, which has undergone an embroidery treatment at 1050 ° C. for a treatment time of 5 hours.
  • the nitrogen atmosphere inside the vacuum furnace was under a pressure of 1 bar.
  • deep-freezing took place at a temperature of -196 ° C. (curve 6), followed by tempering of the workpiece over a period of 8 hours at a tempering temperature of 420 ° C. (curve 7).
  • Curve 6 shows the resulting hardness in the surface region of the workpiece toward the core during a Aufstick aspect and a subsequent deep freezing, while the curve 7 the self-adjusting hardness from the surface of the materials to the core after an embroidery treatment the deep freezing and a tempering at a temperature of 420 ° C over 8 h.
  • the workpiece embroidered in accordance with this treatment parameter has an attachment depth 9 in an edge region 2, which can be divided into a first subregion 3 and into a second subregion 4.
  • a third subregion 5 represents the core of the workpiece.
  • the hardness measured in Vickers hardness is 0.30, in a range of about 600 at a constant level.
  • the holding of 600 HV falls to the core hardness.
  • the second portion 4 extends in the edge region 2 of the component 1 between 0.5 mm and 1 mm; to the second portion 4, the portion 5 connects, which extends approximately from 1 mm to 1.5 mm in Richtimg on the core of the workpiece to be treated.
  • FIG. 2 shows a microsection which corresponds to the heat treatment state of the workpiece shown in its hardness / capping profile in FIG.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 2 shows that a martensitic microstructure is present in the edge region 2 of the material 1, which leads to the high hardness shown in the edge region 10 of the component 1.
  • a martensitic microstructure is present in the edge region 2 of the material 1, which leads to the high hardness shown in the edge region 10 of the component 1.
  • ferritic areas which are shown in white in the illustration according to FIG.
  • the method proposed according to the invention represents a cost-effective alternative for the.
  • the resulting workpieces, which have undergone the inventively proposed Stitch treatment and quenching and subsequent tempering, are characterized by better machinability compared to through-hardening stainless steels, which can be carbon and nitrogen alloyed.
  • the materials obtained with the method proposed according to the invention have a higher mechanical resistance compared with the abovementioned steels, since due to the difference between the edge and the core hardness (compare curve according to FIG. 1) compressive stresses in the surface layer build up. Due to a lower core hardness in the range between 150 and 200 HV (hardness Vickers) lying and prevailing in the edge region hardness of about 600 to 700 HV (hardness Vickers), the workpieces we ⁇ considerably better toughness properties.
  • the workpieces obtained are further characterized by a high resistance to cavitation and are relatively insensitive to collapse. menstruating, formed in the fluid vapor bubbles, which claim the materials me ⁇ mechanically significant, as soon as the fluid pressure drops below its vapor pressure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé servant à produire des composants pour des injecteurs de carburant à partir d'un matériau ferritique ou martensitique inoxydable. Le procédé selon l'invention comprend les étapes suivantes. On soumet d'abord le composant, après l'avoir préalablement adouci, à un traitement en atmosphère N<sub
PCT/EP2005/053150 2004-08-18 2005-07-01 Procede pour produire un corps d'injecteur de carburant resistant a la temperature et a la corrosion Ceased WO2006018348A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004039926.3 2004-08-18
DE102004039926.3A DE102004039926B4 (de) 2004-08-18 2004-08-18 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines temperatur- und korrosionsbeständigen Kraftstoffinjektorkörpers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006018348A1 true WO2006018348A1 (fr) 2006-02-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2005/053150 Ceased WO2006018348A1 (fr) 2004-08-18 2005-07-01 Procede pour produire un corps d'injecteur de carburant resistant a la temperature et a la corrosion

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DE (1) DE102004039926B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006018348A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8349094B2 (en) 2007-02-02 2013-01-08 Wmf Aktiengesellschaft Dining and/or serving cutlery made of ferritic stainless steel with a martensitic boundary layer
WO2016005073A1 (fr) * 2014-07-11 2016-01-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de nitruration d'un élément d'un système d'injection de carburant
US11873547B2 (en) 2020-10-15 2024-01-16 Cummins Inc. Fuel system components

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BRPI0504417B1 (pt) * 2005-09-27 2014-11-04 Bosch Do Brasil Processo para aumento de resistência à têmpera de peça de aço
EP2351860B1 (fr) * 2008-10-08 2014-04-09 Barth, Peter Utilisation pour implants d'une matière première biocompatible en acier inoxydable dotée d'une couche martensitique obtenue par trempe après nitridation de la surface
DE102014201097A1 (de) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Magnetventils
US10100867B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2018-10-16 Expanite Technology A/S Lock washer
DE102018212111A1 (de) * 2018-07-20 2020-01-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einem Stahl mit einer stickstoffhaltigen Schutzschicht und entsprechend hergestelltes Bauteil
DE102019125839A1 (de) * 2019-09-25 2021-04-08 Danfoss A/S Verfahren zum Herstellen einer wasserhydraulischen Maschine
DE102020131031A1 (de) 2020-11-24 2022-05-25 Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Martensitische Stahllegierung mit optimierter Härte und Korrosionsbeständigkeit
DE102021211107A1 (de) 2021-10-01 2023-04-06 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Behandlung von Stahl, Bauteil umfassend Stahl sowie Verwendung davon

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4033706A1 (de) * 1990-10-24 1991-02-21 Hans Prof Dr Ing Berns Einsatzhaerten mit stickstoff zur verbesserung des korrosionswiderstandes martensitischer nichtrostender staehle
US5503797A (en) * 1994-04-06 1996-04-02 Fag Kugelfischer Georg Schafer Aktiengesellschaft Stainless steel for case hardening with nitrogen
DE19626833A1 (de) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-08 Hans Prof Dr Ing Berns Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer hochkorrosionsbeständigen martensitischen Randschicht über einem ferritisch-martensitischen Kern in Bauteilen aus nichtrostendem Stahl
US6168095B1 (en) * 1997-07-31 2001-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine
WO2003016708A1 (fr) * 2001-08-11 2003-02-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne et procede de trempe de ladite soupape

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63293143A (ja) * 1987-05-25 1988-11-30 Nippon Kinzoku Kogyo Kk 深冷処理硬化型マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4033706A1 (de) * 1990-10-24 1991-02-21 Hans Prof Dr Ing Berns Einsatzhaerten mit stickstoff zur verbesserung des korrosionswiderstandes martensitischer nichtrostender staehle
US5503797A (en) * 1994-04-06 1996-04-02 Fag Kugelfischer Georg Schafer Aktiengesellschaft Stainless steel for case hardening with nitrogen
DE19626833A1 (de) * 1996-07-04 1998-01-08 Hans Prof Dr Ing Berns Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer hochkorrosionsbeständigen martensitischen Randschicht über einem ferritisch-martensitischen Kern in Bauteilen aus nichtrostendem Stahl
US6168095B1 (en) * 1997-07-31 2001-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine
WO2003016708A1 (fr) * 2001-08-11 2003-02-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne et procede de trempe de ladite soupape

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8349094B2 (en) 2007-02-02 2013-01-08 Wmf Aktiengesellschaft Dining and/or serving cutlery made of ferritic stainless steel with a martensitic boundary layer
WO2016005073A1 (fr) * 2014-07-11 2016-01-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de nitruration d'un élément d'un système d'injection de carburant
CN106661712A (zh) * 2014-07-11 2017-05-10 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于氮化燃料喷射系统的构件的方法
US10125734B2 (en) 2014-07-11 2018-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for nitriding a component of a fuel injection system
CN106661712B (zh) * 2014-07-11 2019-05-28 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于氮化燃料喷射系统的构件的方法
US11873547B2 (en) 2020-10-15 2024-01-16 Cummins Inc. Fuel system components

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004039926B4 (de) 2016-09-22
DE102004039926A1 (de) 2006-02-23

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