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WO2006016162A1 - Tendeur de boulon - Google Patents

Tendeur de boulon Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006016162A1
WO2006016162A1 PCT/GB2005/003150 GB2005003150W WO2006016162A1 WO 2006016162 A1 WO2006016162 A1 WO 2006016162A1 GB 2005003150 W GB2005003150 W GB 2005003150W WO 2006016162 A1 WO2006016162 A1 WO 2006016162A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
piston
tensioner
fluid
bolt tensioner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2005/003150
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anthony Scrivens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tentec Ltd
Original Assignee
Tentec Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB0418053.5A external-priority patent/GB0418053D0/en
Application filed by Tentec Ltd filed Critical Tentec Ltd
Publication of WO2006016162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006016162A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
    • B23P19/06—Screw or nut setting or loosening machines
    • B23P19/067—Bolt tensioners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B29/00—Accessories
    • B25B29/02—Bolt tensioners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1476—Special return means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a bolt tensioner of the kind comprising a body having a central screw-threaded bore for threaded engagement with a bolt projecting from a load bearing surface, and including at least one piston in the body which is located within a cylinder for displacement in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the central bore and operable to exert a thrust force on the load bearing surface.
  • a bolt tensioner is hereinafter referred to as "of the kind described” .
  • bolt is intended to include not only a bolt but also a comparable element such as a stud, screw-threaded bar, rod or shaft.
  • Bolt tensioners are the most consistently accurate method of applying accurate pre-load to bolts.
  • a potential problem with thread tensioners of this kind stems from the need to provide a mechanism by which the piston is returned to a retracted position to reset the tensioner. If this is not done then the piston will run out of stroke after extended use.
  • the returning mechanism used can affect the accuracy with which the tensioner can work.
  • a spring is provided that applies a return force to the piston. In use the fluid pressure overcomes the force of the piston to tension a stud. When pressure is released then the spring forces the piston back expelling any remaining fluid.
  • a bolt tensioner of the kind described which comprises: a tensioner body having an upper end and a lower end and a central bore defining an outer wall of a cylinder; a piston located within the bore defined by the body and having a central co-axial bore suitable for receiving to a threaded stud and further in which the outer face of the piston is stepped such that the piston and the wall of the cylinder define a first chamber and a second chamber; a first passage extending from a first inlet port to the first chamber for introducing fluid to the first chamber; a second passage extending from a second inlet port to the second chamber for introducing fluid to the second chamber; and in which the first and second chambers are so arranged that pressurising the first chamber acts to move the piston towards the upper end of the body as the volume of the first chamber expand and pressurising the second chamber acts to move the piston towards the lower end of the body as the volume of the second chamber increases.
  • the bore of the piston may be threaded so as to receive a stud having a complimentary thread.
  • a threaded insert may be located within the bore of the piston, perhaps with a flange against which the piston can react.
  • the second chamber is preferably adapted to receive fluid which is held in the second chamber under constant pressure.
  • the fluid in the second chamber is preferably a compressible gas or mixture of gases, and is most preferably air. It may be supplied, for example, from a pressurised air supply line connected to the second chamber.
  • the constant pressure can be supplied from a supply line connected to a constant pressure source.
  • the fluid in the second space is preferably a compressible fluid. Because the change in volume of the second chamber and the supply line to the chamber will be relatively small as the tensioner is placed under load by introducing a fluid to the first chamber. Since the fluid is compressible, the small change in volume results in a substantially constant pressure opposing movement of the piston, improving accuracy of the tensioner.
  • constant pressure we mean that the pressure of the fluid in the chamber is constant at least during loading of the tensioner.
  • the pressure of the fluid in the second chamber should be chosen such that it applies enough force to the piston to cause it to retract when the pressure in the first chamber is released.
  • the first chamber may be adapted to receive a substantially incompressible fluid, such as a hydraulic fluid.
  • a seal may be provided between the piston and the wall of the cylinder to separate the first chamber from the second chamber.
  • the piston may carry the seal such that the seal moves with the piston in the cylinder.
  • the seal may be a nitrile seal, and may be a snap fit with the piston.
  • the seal may be a dual acting seal which prevents passage of hydraulic fluid and air past the seal.
  • the piston may have a stepped outer wall defining a raised step part way along its length, an outer face of the step cooperating with the wall of the cylinder through the seal.
  • hydraulic fluid can be introduced under pressure into the first space to stretch a bolt.
  • air can be introduced into the second space to push the piston back to its retracted position, thereby expelling fluid from the first space.
  • a cap may be provided which retains the piston within the body. This may be removable to permit the piston to be exchanged for a different piston. This allows different pistons with different threaded bores to be inserted, allowing the tensioner to be used with studs having different threads.
  • the cap may be fixed to the body by a plurality of bolts spaced around a circumference of the tensioner body. Alternatively, the cap may be threadedly secured to the body. The first passage connecting the first space to the first inlet may extend through the piston
  • the second passage may extend through the body of the tensioner to connect the second space to the second inlet valve.
  • the invention provides a combination of a tensioner according to the first aspect of the invention, a source ' of hydraulic fluid in communication with the first chamber and a source of compressible fluid held at a constant pressure in communication with the second chamber.
  • the source of compressible fluid may comprise a pump connected to a supply line which is in communication with the second chamber.
  • the supply line may be replaced by a self-contained source of compressible fluid, such as a gas bottle which is in communication with the second chamber.
  • the combined volume of the second chamber and the supply line/gas bottle should be relatively large such that movement in the position of the piston does not alter the pressure of the fluid in the chamber.
  • the second chamber may be sized such that the there is no significant change in pressure as the piston moves; in such a case the second chamber acts as the self-contained source of compressible fluid.
  • the second chamber may be five, ten, twenty, fifty or a hundred times bigger than the maximum volume displaced by the piston.
  • Figure 1 is an isometric view of a tensioner in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partially cut-away view of the tensioner of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is an alternative plan view of the tensioner of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged, cut away, partial view of the tensioner fitted to a stud:
  • FIG 5 is the same view as Figure 4 showing the tensioner:
  • Figure 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a tensioner according to the present invention.
  • the bolt tensioner 1 comprises a cylindrical body 2 having a central bore 3 which receives a cylindrical piston 4 having, in this example, a co-axial screw-threaded bore 5.
  • a threaded insert could be proved which sits in the bore.
  • An annular protrusion 6 extends around an outer face of the piston 4.
  • the piston 4 and the bore 3 are so shaped as to define a first, lower chamber 7 and a second, upper, chamber 8 either side of the annular protrusion.
  • a seal 9 on the outer face of the protrusion connects the piston 4 to the wall 3 of the central bore of the body 2, thus separating the first and second spaces.
  • the seal 9 is double acting and prevents the passage of fluid from the first chamber to the second chamber and vice versa.
  • the piston 4 includes a passage 10 which extends from a connector 11 provided on an upper face of the piston 4 to an opening into the first chamber 7.
  • a supply line (not shown) from a source of pressurised hydraulic fluid (not shown) may be connected to the connector 11.
  • a valve in the supply line (also not shown) allows the pressure of the hydraulic fluid at the connector, and hence in the first chamber, to be adjusted.
  • a second passage 12 is also provided which provides communication between another connector 13 and the second chamber 8.
  • This passage 12 can be seen in Figure 2 and runs through the body 2 of the tensioner 1.
  • a supply line (not shown) from a source of compressible fluid which is held under a constant pressure.
  • a suitable source would be a pump which compresses air in a supply line to the second chamber 8.
  • a lower end of the body 2 is extended downwards and has a cut-away 14 around at least a part of one side to permit access to the stud, and a nut on the stud, whilst the body is in place.
  • the air supply line is first connected and the hydraulic supply line is removed or the pressure is removed from the hydraulic line.
  • the constant pressure of air in the second chamber 8 then pushes the piston 4 down to reduce the volume of the first chamber 7.
  • the tensioner is then screwed down onto the stud to be tensioned. When the tensioner is fully screwed into position the lower end of the body will abut the load surface. In this position the tensioner is ready for a load to be applied to the stud.
  • Pressurised hydraulic fluid is then pumped along the supply line in to the first chamber 7 by passing through the passage 10 in the piston 4.
  • the piston 4 will be at its lowest position as shown in Figure 4 (a) .
  • the piston is forced upwards, in turn applying tension to the stud.
  • Figure 4(b) The movement of the piston 4 will be opposed by the constant air pressure in the second chamber 8.
  • the opposing force will be constant at all points in the stroke of the piston 4. It is therefore relatively simple to allow for the opposing force of the air to be taken into account when calculating the load applied to the stud caused by the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the first chamber.
  • the tensioner 101 functions in the same manner as that of the first embodiment except that, rather than requiring continual connection in use to a constant pressure air supply, the second chamber 108 is enlarged with respect to the first chamber 8 of the first embodiment.
  • the air supply is connected to port 113 before use, to charge the second chamber 108 with sufficient air to reach a predetermined pressure.
  • the air supply can then be disconnected, leaving the second chamber 108 at the predetermined pressure.
  • the stroke of the piston 104 is similar to that of the piston 4 of the first embodiment, the volume of the second chamber 108 will not change significantly as hydraulic fluid is introduced into first chamber 107.
  • the pressure in the second chamber 108 will therefore stay approximately constant, leading to an approximately constant force being applied to the piston as it moves.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hand Tools For Fitting Together And Separating, Or Other Hand Tools (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un tendeur de boulon (1) comprenant un corps (2) doté d'un alésage fileté central (5) permettant un engagement fileté avec un boulon ressortant d'une surface porteuse et comportant au moins un piston (4) dans le corps qui est situé dans un cylindre afin de permettre un déplacement dans une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de l'alésage central (5) et d'appliquer une pression de pénétration sur la surface porteuse. Ledit boulon comprend également : un corps de tendeur (2) doté d'une extrémité supérieure et d'une extrémité inférieure et d'un alésage central définissant une paroi extérieure du cylindre (3) ; un piston (4) situé dans l'alésage (3) défini par le corps (2) et comportant un alésage coaxial central (5) conçu pour recevoir un goujon fileté et dans lequel est insérée la surface externe du piston de telle sorte que le piston et la paroi du cylindre définissent une première chambre (7) et une seconde chambre (8) ; un premier passage (10) s'étendant à partir d'un premier port d'entrée (11) dans la première chambre (7) afin de permettre l'introduction de fluides dans la première chambre (7) ; un second passage (12) s'étendant à partir d'un second port d'entrée (13) dans la seconde chambre (8) afin de permettre l'introduction de fluides dans la seconde chambre (8) ; et dans lequel la première (7) et la seconde (8) chambres sont arrangées de telle sorte que la pressurisation de la première chambre (7) entraîne le déplacement du piston (4) vers l'extrémité supérieure du corps (2) lorsque le volume de la première chambre augmente (7) et la pressurisation de la seconde chambre (8) entraîne le déplacement du piston vers l'extrémité inférieure du corps (2) lorsque le volume de la seconde chambre (8) augmente. Ainsi, le piston peut être étendu au moyen de fluide hydraulique pour définir un tendeur de boulon hydraulique, mais il est possible d'utiliser un fluide pneumatique pour permettre la rétractation du piston.
PCT/GB2005/003150 2004-08-13 2005-08-12 Tendeur de boulon Ceased WO2006016162A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0418053.5 2004-08-13
GBGB0418053.5A GB0418053D0 (en) 2004-08-13 2004-08-13 A bolt tensioner
GB0513012A GB2412705B (en) 2004-08-13 2005-06-27 A bolt tensioner
GB0513012.5 2005-06-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006016162A1 true WO2006016162A1 (fr) 2006-02-16

Family

ID=35149652

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2005/003150 Ceased WO2006016162A1 (fr) 2004-08-13 2005-08-12 Tendeur de boulon

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2006016162A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111220372A (zh) * 2020-03-12 2020-06-02 淮南市百邦气动科技有限公司 一种气动元件检测用测试台及检测方法
US10774874B2 (en) * 2018-08-06 2020-09-15 General Electric Company Fluid bearing assembly

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4708036A (en) * 1984-02-07 1987-11-24 Haskel, Inc. Stud tensioning apparatus
EP0365157A1 (fr) * 1988-10-06 1990-04-25 Hedley Purvis Limited Dispositif hydraulique de mise en tension d'un boulon fileté
EP0687481A1 (fr) * 1994-06-15 1995-12-20 Libervit (S.A.R.L.) Procédé et dispositif de commande d'alimentation de vérin de manoeuvre d'outils hydrauliques
GB2291155A (en) * 1994-07-15 1996-01-17 Hydra Tight Ltd Hydraulic bolt or stud tensioning apparatus
WO2000035637A1 (fr) * 1998-12-17 2000-06-22 Nicholas More Tenseur de vis hydraulique
US20010027719A1 (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-11 Per-Ake Wahlberg Cylinder means of single acting type with a return function and method of operating the same
US20040033141A1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2004-02-19 Bruno Stillhard Method and drive system for the control/regulation of linear pressure/cast movement

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4708036A (en) * 1984-02-07 1987-11-24 Haskel, Inc. Stud tensioning apparatus
EP0365157A1 (fr) * 1988-10-06 1990-04-25 Hedley Purvis Limited Dispositif hydraulique de mise en tension d'un boulon fileté
EP0687481A1 (fr) * 1994-06-15 1995-12-20 Libervit (S.A.R.L.) Procédé et dispositif de commande d'alimentation de vérin de manoeuvre d'outils hydrauliques
GB2291155A (en) * 1994-07-15 1996-01-17 Hydra Tight Ltd Hydraulic bolt or stud tensioning apparatus
WO2000035637A1 (fr) * 1998-12-17 2000-06-22 Nicholas More Tenseur de vis hydraulique
US20010027719A1 (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-11 Per-Ake Wahlberg Cylinder means of single acting type with a return function and method of operating the same
US20040033141A1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2004-02-19 Bruno Stillhard Method and drive system for the control/regulation of linear pressure/cast movement

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10774874B2 (en) * 2018-08-06 2020-09-15 General Electric Company Fluid bearing assembly
CN111220372A (zh) * 2020-03-12 2020-06-02 淮南市百邦气动科技有限公司 一种气动元件检测用测试台及检测方法
CN111220372B (zh) * 2020-03-12 2021-09-21 淮南市百邦气动科技有限公司 一种气动元件检测用测试台及检测方法

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