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WO2006010780A1 - Broyage mecanique de poudres active par rayonnement ultraviolet - Google Patents

Broyage mecanique de poudres active par rayonnement ultraviolet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006010780A1
WO2006010780A1 PCT/ES2005/000343 ES2005000343W WO2006010780A1 WO 2006010780 A1 WO2006010780 A1 WO 2006010780A1 ES 2005000343 W ES2005000343 W ES 2005000343W WO 2006010780 A1 WO2006010780 A1 WO 2006010780A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grinding
procedure
material according
carried out
obtaining powder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2005/000343
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Juan Manuel Montes Martos
Jesús CINTAS FÍSICO
Francisco de Paula GÓMEZ CUEVAS
José Antonio RODRÍGUEZ ORTIZ
Enrique Juan Herrera Luque
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad de Sevilla
Original Assignee
Universidad de Sevilla
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad de Sevilla filed Critical Universidad de Sevilla
Publication of WO2006010780A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006010780A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the present invention has as its object the mechanical powder grinding activated by ultraviolet radiation, which allows the improvement of the characteristics of powder materials prepared by grinding. Specifically, the realization of grinding in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation makes it possible to shorten their duration, with the economic savings that this entails. In addition, if they are carried out in the presence of gases, liquids and / or other solids, it enables solid-gas, solid-liquid and / or solid-solid reactions to be carried out, difficult to produce by other methods, and even more so. temperatures close to the environment. This allows altering the structure of the material and improving its properties.
  • UV radiation ultraviolet
  • This process can be applied to all types of materials, regardless of their metallic or non-metallic nature.
  • the mechanical alloy is basically a high-energy grind that allows to obtain compound powders with a controlled and extremely fine structure. It was developed by John S. Benjamin in 1966, in order to combine the hardening by precipitation of the Y 'phase in the nickel base superalloys, and that produced by dispersion of oxides (BENJAM ⁇ N, JS "Dispersion strengthened superalloys by mechanical alloying" Met Trans. A-Phys. Met. Mater. Sc, 1 (10); 2943-2951, (1970)).
  • AM can, in principle, be applied to a wide variety of metals, or mixtures of metals, and non-metallic particles.
  • the mechanical alloy is a solid state process, which does not require the fusion of the materials, it can be used to produce alloys from immiscible components in a liquid state or with a wide difference between their melting points. .
  • the dust particles are subjected to repetitive deformation, fracture and welding processes. With the fracture of the material, fresh surfaces are created that can react with the grinding atmosphere or
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) with other materials present inside the vessel.
  • the subsequent welding of the particles through these surfaces allows changing the chemical composition of the material. For example, in the case of the grinding of aluminum-based powders, this causes the oxide (alumina) films that cover the surface of the particles to be fragmented and incorporated into each of them.
  • a lubricant also called the process controlling agent (ACP)
  • ACP process controlling agent
  • this additive is incorporated into the dust particles, which, given the generally organic character of this ACP, implies inclusion of carbon and oxygen in the material.
  • particles composed of aluminum base with submicroscopic dispersoids, aluminum oxide and aluminum carbide, homogeneously distributed in the matrix are originated.
  • the energy that can be achieved by altering the aforementioned milling variables is insufficient to produce reactions.
  • This is mainly critical in the case of grinding in the presence of gases, where it is more complicated to cause the decomposition of the gas and the subsequent incorporation of its elementary components to the powder.
  • the importance of the use of gas atmospheres during grinding is that, if the energy is sufficient, the integration of atoms of the chemical elements that make up the gas inside the crystalline structure of the powder being ground is achieved, forming solid supersaturated solutions. Subsequently, to obtain pieces with this ground powder, it is necessary to subject it to a processing that necessarily includes one or several hot stages.
  • One of the main advantages of using the mechanical alloy for the mecanosynthesis of materials is that it can cause, at temperatures close to the environment, the onset of reactions that normally require high temperatures to occur. This phenomenon seems to be promoted by the intimate contact of the reagents that occurs during grinding, the generation of chemically very active surfaces, the increase of the total contact surface as a result of the fracture of the dust particles, as well as the high Density density and structural refinement derived from the mechanical alloy process.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) suitable, can cause the dissociation of the molecules of the gases that form the grinding atmosphere.
  • gases such as, for example, nitrogen (N 2 ) or methane (CH 4 )
  • N 2 nitrogen
  • CH 4 methane
  • the acceleration of said processes in addition, can result in an attractive reduction of the grinding time and in the reduction of costs of the process that is derived from it.
  • gases such as methane (or nitrogen) are a very cheap source of carbon (nitrogen) to obtain composite materials reinforced by dispersion of carbides (or nitrides).
  • Refractory phases of these types that, thanks to the grinding process, are of a nanometric scale and are well distributed in the matrix of the material, allow to significantly improve its mechanical behavior at elevated temperatures.
  • the use of ultraviolet radiation should not be restricted to the grinding of powders in the presence of gases, but may be used in cryogenic grinding to activate substances in a liquid state, such as N 2 ( I ).
  • the ultraviolet light has been applied directly inside the grinding vessel (activation in situ), it is also possible to perform the activation of the atmosphere in a lung external to the vessel (ex situ activation ).
  • a recirculation system would drive the activated gas into the vessel, and vice versa.
  • Said lung could also be used to apply electric shocks that would collaborate in the activation of the atmosphere.
  • the present invention aims at high energy grinding using attritor type mills, with elemental aluminum powder in vacuum atmospheres,
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) confined air and methane, and with application, in situ, of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In all cases, an improvement in the mechanical properties of the parts manufactured from the powders resulting from the grinding has been observed.
  • the aluminum powder is introduced together with 3% EBS wax.
  • This lubricant acts as the controlling agent of the grinding process.
  • the grinding vessel After extracting the air inside the mill, by means of a vacuum equipment, the grinding vessel is filled with CH 4 gas.
  • the ultraviolet generator used is connected, so that the frequency of the radiation is sufficiently energetic to cleave the CH 4 molecule.
  • the UV radiation is channeled into the grinding vessel, and after that, the grinding of the aluminum powder begins.
  • the grinding can be carried out in any type of mill, it being advisable that it be of high energy and that the walls of the vessel be reflective.
  • the operating conditions indicated in Table 1 could be used. Any change in some or some of these operating variables will affect the rest of the variables. So, for example, if the rotor is rotated at 300 rpm instead of 500 rpm, the grinding time should be longer than 5 hours.
  • the mechanical characteristics of the powder obtained can be modified by changing the percentage of EBS wax and the frequency of the UV radiation used.
  • the ground powder, a metal-ceramic aluminum base compound powder is consolidated by uniaxial cold pressing, 850 MPa, and sintering in vacuum at 650 0 C for 1 hour.
  • any other hot consolidation method such as pressing and extrusion, hot pressing, electric resistance sintering, etc. can be used.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet le broyage mécanique de poudres activé par un rayonnement ultraviolet ce qui permet d'améliorer les caractéristiques de matériaux sous forme de poudre. Concrètement, la mise en oeuvre de broyages en présence d'un rayonnement ultraviolet (UV) permet de raccourcir la durée desdits broyages, avec un gain économique induit. De plus, si le broyage est effectué en présence de gaz, de liquides et/ou d'autres solides, ceux-ci permettent de conduire des réactions solide-gaz, solide-liquide et/ou solide-solide, difficiles à produire par d'autres procédés, et qui plus est à des températures proches de la température ambiante. Ceci permet de modifier la structure du matériau et d'améliorer ces propriétés. Ce procédé peut être appliqué à tout type de matériau, indépendamment de leur nature métallique ou non métallique.
PCT/ES2005/000343 2004-06-25 2005-06-17 Broyage mecanique de poudres active par rayonnement ultraviolet Ceased WO2006010780A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200401579A ES2249985B1 (es) 2004-06-25 2004-06-25 Molienda mecanica de polvos activada por radiacion ultravioleta.
ESP200401579 2004-06-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006010780A1 true WO2006010780A1 (fr) 2006-02-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2005/000343 Ceased WO2006010780A1 (fr) 2004-06-25 2005-06-17 Broyage mecanique de poudres active par rayonnement ultraviolet

Country Status (2)

Country Link
ES (1) ES2249985B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006010780A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011115096A1 (de) 2011-04-14 2012-10-18 Andreas Jahr Methode und Anlage für Oberflächenbeschichtung mittels kathodischem Vakuum-Lichtbogen-System (Catodic Arc System)
WO2014087031A1 (fr) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-12 Universidad De Sevilla Procédé pour la fabrication de noyaux magnétiques par métallurgie des poudres
US9899032B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2018-02-20 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods of performing gain adjustment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3591362A (en) * 1968-03-01 1971-07-06 Int Nickel Co Composite metal powder
US3740210A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-06-19 Int Nickel Co Mechanically alloyed aluminum aluminum oxide
US3816080A (en) * 1971-07-06 1974-06-11 Int Nickel Co Mechanically-alloyed aluminum-aluminum oxide

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3591362A (en) * 1968-03-01 1971-07-06 Int Nickel Co Composite metal powder
US3740210A (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-06-19 Int Nickel Co Mechanically alloyed aluminum aluminum oxide
US3816080A (en) * 1971-07-06 1974-06-11 Int Nickel Co Mechanically-alloyed aluminum-aluminum oxide

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CALKA A. AND WEXLER D.: "Mechanical milling assisted by electrical discharge", NATURE, vol. 419, 12 September 2002 (2002-09-12), pages 147 - 152 *
SMITH A.P. ET AL: "On the simularity of macromolecular responses to high-energy processes:mechanical milling vs. irradiation", POLYMER DEGRATION AND STABILITY, vol. 72, June 2001 (2001-06-01), pages 519 - 524 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011115096A1 (de) 2011-04-14 2012-10-18 Andreas Jahr Methode und Anlage für Oberflächenbeschichtung mittels kathodischem Vakuum-Lichtbogen-System (Catodic Arc System)
WO2014087031A1 (fr) * 2012-12-05 2014-06-12 Universidad De Sevilla Procédé pour la fabrication de noyaux magnétiques par métallurgie des poudres
US9899032B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2018-02-20 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods of performing gain adjustment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2249985B1 (es) 2007-06-16
ES2249985A1 (es) 2006-04-01

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