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WO2006006942A1 - Appareil et procede de dessalement - Google Patents

Appareil et procede de dessalement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006006942A1
WO2006006942A1 PCT/SG2005/000233 SG2005000233W WO2006006942A1 WO 2006006942 A1 WO2006006942 A1 WO 2006006942A1 SG 2005000233 W SG2005000233 W SG 2005000233W WO 2006006942 A1 WO2006006942 A1 WO 2006006942A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seawater
unit cell
reverse osmosis
brine
desalination
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SG2005/000233
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Xiaoning Wang
Soon Leong Ong
Jungang Cai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TRITECH WATER TECHNOLOGIES Pte Ltd
Original Assignee
TRITECH WATER TECHNOLOGIES Pte Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TRITECH WATER TECHNOLOGIES Pte Ltd filed Critical TRITECH WATER TECHNOLOGIES Pte Ltd
Priority to EP05761308A priority Critical patent/EP1776319A1/fr
Priority to CN2005800303624A priority patent/CN101044094B/zh
Priority to AU2005262928A priority patent/AU2005262928B2/en
Publication of WO2006006942A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006006942A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the apparatus and methods for desalination of salt water. More particularly, the present invention relates to apparatus and methods of desalination of salt water by process of reverse osmosis (RO).
  • RO reverse osmosis
  • the first method is the evaporation of water through application of heat. Water is then collected from the condensation of the steam.
  • the second method makes use of a natural phenomenon known as reverse osmosis, where seawater is forced within a pressure vessel against a semi-permeable membrane, which allows water to permeate.
  • This seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is gaining wider acceptance as a cost effective method of desalination.
  • SWRO plant design based on existing technologies is relatively complex which require heavy investments in mechanism, plant and equipment. Nevertheless, with the increasing global water shortages, such heavy investments are still justifiable as an option.
  • SWRO desalination plants typically require pumps to create pressure within pressure vessels to effect reverse osmosis process.
  • a deep vertical shaft is constructed and filled up with seawater. This creates a hydrostatic pressure for reverse osmosis units to operate at the base of the vertical shaft. Freshwater is then pumped up to the surface.
  • Another variation to this method as disclosed in EP 0764610 is to first pump the seawater to a higher ground to create the hydrostatic pressure for the reverse osmosis production unit at ground surface level. Comparatively, this latter method may not be as energy effective since all of the seawater would have to be pumped up to the water tank above.
  • the permeate makes up only a portion of the full seawater feed, typically between 40% to 70% depending on the various factors such as pressure head, total dissolved solid (TDS) and temperature.
  • US 5,916,441 discloses an on-shore method.
  • the reverse osmosis takes place in a pressure vessel, and the shafts are suggested to be driven to 3,000 ft.
  • the invention requires a two stage reverse osmosis process to produce drinking and agricultural use water.
  • GB 2068774 discloses a method where reverse osmosis takes place in pressure vessels and the reverse osmosis mechanism is located in underground gallery/ cross shaft.
  • US 4,125,463 utilises a series of independent but connected vertical reverse osmosis pressure vessels. There is a need to remove the whole piping system to maintain the reverse osmosis membranes.
  • EP 0968755 A2 and WO 9906323 disclose offshore methods. Here again reverse osmosis takes place in pressure vessels.
  • the desalination plant location needs to be as close to ideal as possible to enable such system to perform economically. Otherwise the heavy infrastructure cost required would be prohibitive and cause the total production cost to be uneconomical.
  • a further object of the present invention is to alleviate at least one disadvantage associated with the prior art.
  • This invention discloses a desalination plant comprising of at least one seawater inlet, a means to filter seawater from the seawater inlet, a means to pre-treat the filtered seawater, a means to introduce the pre-treated seawater in a controlled manner to form seawater column, at least one unit cell to contain the seawater column, at least one reverse osmosis desalination means located in the bottom area of the unit cell, means to let brine from the unit cell into a brine discharge cell via a conduit and one-way valve means and means to let desalinated water from the reverse osmosis desalination means to a storage reservoir.
  • the unit cell to contain seawater column has a height so that the weight of the said seawater column exerts pressure that substantially contributes to production of brine and desalinated water in the reverse osmosis desalination means.
  • Reverse osmosis desalination means is removable from the unit cell for maintenance services.
  • the brine in brine discharge cell is removable therefrom in a controlled manner.
  • the desalinated water from the storage reservoir is removable therefrom in a controlled manner.
  • a plurality of unit cells each containing a seawater column is accommodated in a vertical shaft column. The brine water from all the unit cells is introduced into one or more common brine discharge cell.
  • At least one extraction pipe to remove desalinated water from the storage reservoir is contained within an access well unit.
  • the plurality of unit cells, the brine discharge cell and the access wall unit are all contained within a vertical shaft column or in a plurality of vertical shaft columns.
  • a storage reservoir to hold desalinated water at the bottom portion of the vertical shaft is provided.
  • a conduit with a one way pressure valve is provided to connect the unit cell and the brine discharge cell.
  • the reverse osmosis desalination means is removable from and reintroduceable into the unit cell by hoisting means or by other mechanical handling means.
  • the desalinated water from the reverse osmosis desalination means flows into the storage reservoir by gravitational flow.
  • the hydrostatic pressure acting on the reverse osmosis desalination means is in part regulated by the level of brine water maintained in the brine discharge cell and in part regulated by the seawater inflow.
  • the rate of desalination of seawater in unit cell is increased by increasing the flow out rate of brine in the brine discharge cell.
  • the height of the unit cell is substantially the same as the height of the brine discharge cell.
  • the storage reservoir is exposed to atmosphere via the access well or by other conduit means.
  • the invention further discloses a method to desalinate seawater by reverse osmosis by hydrostatic pressure wherein the seawater is led from a seawater inlet port to a seawater filtering system and thereafter to a pre- treatment system.
  • the treated seawater is led into a unit cell containing at least one reverse osmosis desalination unit to form a seawater column.
  • the desalinated water from the unit cell is led into a storage reservoir and brine water from the unit cell is led into a brine discharge cell.
  • the desalinated water is pumped out from the storage reservoir and brine water in brine discharge cell is pumped out in a controlled manner.
  • the seawater is led into the system by gravitational flow, or by mechanical pump means to form a seawater column.
  • the hydrostatic pressure formed by the seawater column acting in the reverse osmosis desalination unit is regulated by the level of brine water in the brine discharge cell.
  • the seawater inlet port, the seawater filtering system and the pre-treatment system are positioned above the unit cell and the brine discharge cell to take advantage of gravitational force for liquid flow.
  • the reverse osmosis desalination units are removable for maintenance works from the unit cell by hoisting the said means from the unit cell.
  • a method to desalinate seawater by reverse osmosis by hydrostatic pressure comprises the steps of, drilling a well to a pre-determined depth, introducing a vertical shaft with a storage reservoir at its basal region, placing at least one unit cell with at least one reverse osmosis desalination unit within the unit cell and placing at least one brine discharge cell in liquid communication with unit cell, introducing seawater into unit cell, pumping out desalinated water from storage reservoir and pumping out brine water from brine discharge cell.
  • the seawater is filtered and pre-treated before introduction into unit cell.
  • the present invention has been found to result in a number of advantages, such as:
  • Figure 1 is vertical cross-sectional view of the assembly of a desalination apparatus
  • Figure 2 is horizontal cross-sectional view across line A-A of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is the horizontal cross-sectional view across line B-B of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 shows the sequence of removing and replacing a typical reverse osmosis membrane module in the apparatus.
  • the invention will be described in detail with reference to a preferred embodiment.
  • the desalination plant is located close to the sea for easy drawing of seawater for desalination preferably by gravitational flow means.
  • the seawater inlet (1 ) is located at sufficient depth below average mean sea level to ensure the lowest seawater level during lowest tide will be above the seawater inlet.
  • the seawater flows by gravity to a seawater filtering system (2).
  • Established systems known in prior art for filtering seawater is adopted to ensure seawater is filtered to remove solid particles to produce the "cleanest" possible quality using existing commercially available technology. Such technology will not be described here.
  • the raw seawater is subjected to a pre-treatment process (3) to remove organics and suspended solids in accordance with those currently practised by commercial reverse osmosis plants prior to feeding seawater into the reverse osmosis process.
  • the seawater will be channelled through an inclined shaft (4) by gravity into a number of independent reverse osmosis production modules or unit cells (5) within a vertical shaft (6).
  • TDS total dissolved solids
  • the build up of brine concentration can also be controlled and minimised. As such, the impact on marine environment at point of discharge is minimised.
  • the apparatus consists of a large diameter vertical shaft (6), preferably approximately 8 meters in diameter and 150 meters deep or more as appropriate.
  • the apparatus is installed in a well which may be drilled in land surface or may be drilled in offshore areas using techniques known to the art.
  • the well is drilled to a predetermined depth to accommodate the apparatus.
  • These dimensions are subject to the required production rate as well as the hydrostatic pressure required to enable the reverse osmosis process to occur. These are further dictated by, but not limited to, the salinity of seawater, permeability of the reverse osmosis membrane and the desired yield of freshwater from the whole system.
  • the depth of the vertical shaft (6) would be about 150 meters below ground or more.
  • the water head in the unit cell (5) that is the seawater column would be relatively lower than most conventional pressure heads used in reverse osmosis systems. As explained later, shorter water heads would reduce permeability of the seawater.
  • This setback can be offset or compensated by the provision of greater number of reverse osmosis modules (9) within the vertical shaft (6). Alternatively, additional plants working in series can be provided to achieve the required volume. Further shallower vertical shaft also reduces the initial capital investment costs.
  • Within the shaft are at least three main types of vertical wells, namely, reverse osmosis production well or termed as unit cell (5) where the reverse osmosis process takes place; brine discharge well (7), and an access well (8).
  • These vertical wells may be arranged in any other configurations.
  • the unit cell (5), the brine discharge well (7), and the access well (8) are arranged in honeycomb like formation.
  • each of the unit cell 5 is an independent well where reverse osmosis process takes place at the reverse osmosis membrane module (9) located at the basal portion of each well. The reverse osmosis membranes are exposed directly to the hydrostatically pressured seawater.
  • the permeate is allowed to flow freely towards the outlet pipe (10) at the bottom of the reverse osmosis membrane module (9), which then flows by gravitational force into the storage reservoir (11) at the base of the vertical shaft (6).
  • the bottom region of the vertical shaft (6) below the unit cell is storage reservoir (11 ) to receive permeate from reverse osmosis membrane module (9).
  • All the reverse osmosis membrane modules (9) are standardised so that they are all interchangeable. This feature would avoid high inventory of spare reverse osmosis membrane modules (9), which can be costly.
  • the water in the storage reservoir (11) is then pumped to the surface for distribution via the extraction pump (15) and the extraction pipe (16).
  • the storage reservoir (11) is exposed to the atmosphere via the access wall (8), Thus, the storage reservoir (11) is at atmosphere pressure.
  • the desalted water from the reservoir could be pumped to an underground cavern for storage and future use; or discharged into aquifers to recharge depleted groundwater or for groundwater extraction at a faraway distance. In situations where groundwater has been over extracted, the recharging of aquifer by this way would also minimize the possible ground settlement of the urban or residents areas.
  • the near brine quality water at the base of all the unit cells (5) is then channelled via a pipe (12) to the central brine discharge well (7).
  • This pressure valve (13) also enables any one of the unit cells (5) to be totally drained during maintenance independent of other unit cells.
  • a pump (14) is situated at the top of the brine discharge well (7) to discharge the central brine discharge as well as to induce the circulation of raw seawater from the unit cell (5) to the central core brine discharge well (7) through the connecting pipe (12). By controlling the rate of the brine discharge pump (14), the circulation of the seawater can be regulated.
  • the flow rate of the brine discharge pump (14) is increased.
  • an imbalance level of hydrostatic pressure is being created between the discharge well (7) and the unit cell (5).
  • the seawater level at the unit cell (5) referred to also as the seawater column is always kept at the highest point through the continuous flow of pretreated seawater from the inclined shaft (4).
  • This differential hydrostatic pressure would cause the seawater from the unit cell (5) to flow into the central core brine discharge well (7).
  • the pumping rate of the brine discharge pump (14) the circulation of the seawater is accordingly slower.
  • An optimised flow rate would minimise clogging up of the reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the design and construction of the reverse osmosis membrane module (9) enables easy set up and removal and hence eases the on-going maintenance of the system.
  • the whole reverse osmosis membrane module (9) can be removed and lifted up to the ground level for regular cleaning and maintenance; and then lowered back into the unit cell (5) by hoisting means or by other mechanical handling means.
  • FIG 4 shows the sequence in replacing the reverse osmosis membrane module (9).
  • the reverse osmosis membrane module (9) within each unit cell (5) is replaced one at a time and hence, would not affect the continuous production of the desalinated water.
  • Stage 1 the inflow of pretreated water is stopped and a pump (16) is used to discharge the seawater within the unit cell (5).
  • the one-way pressure valve (13) placed in the conduit (12) connecting the unit cell (5) and the central core (7) will stop any backflow of seawater from the central core (7) into the unit cell (5) due to the imbalance hydrostatic pressure created.
  • a vertical hoist (17) is then fixed to the reverse osmosis membrane module (9).
  • Stage 2 As shown in Stage 2, once the seawater level is discharged until a level in the unit cell (5) below the reverse osmosis membrane module (9), the pump (16) is stopped. The reverse osmosis membrane module (9) is then lifted up and removed for servicing and cleaning as illustrated in Stage 3 and Stage 4 respectively. Referring to Stage 5, a new or clean reverse osmosis membrane module (9) is then lowered and connected to the outlet pipe (10) by using a self locking coupler (not shown). In Stage 6, which is the final stage, the pre-treated seawater is released to flow back into the unit cell (5) via the inclined shaft 4. Once the seawater level reaches the top of the unit cell (5), the desalination process recommences.
  • An alternate method of replacing the reverse osmosis membrane module (9) does not require the discharging of the pretreated seawater within the unit cell (5).
  • This can be achieved with a specially designed self-locking coupler between the reverse osmosis membrane module (9) and the outlet pipe (10).
  • Such coupler enables the reverse osmosis membrane module (9) to be replaced while submerged under the water column, and prevents any seawater flowing into the storage reservoir (11) through outlet pipe (10).
  • the reverse osmosis membranes in the reverse osmosis module in each of the unit cells are built of commercially available membranes. As the size of the reverse osmosis membranes are preferably uniform, the reverse osmosis membranes can be standardised. With the standardisation of the reverse osmosis membrane module, replacement of defective membrane modules can be carries out much more efficiently. Further the removed reverse osmosis membrane modules can then be serviced, maintained and shared as back up module.
  • the plurality of unit cells (5) can be arranged in any other manner, subject to the unit cells being in liquid communication with the central core (7) via a connecting pipe (12).
  • each brine discharge well serves at least one unit cell (5).
  • each reverse osmosis membrane module (9) in each unit cell (5) subject to a spatial configuration wherein each reverse osmosis membrane module (9) is removable from the unit cell for routine maintenance work.
  • the outlet pipe (10) from each module (9) is in liquid connection to the storage reservoir (11). Where the output of desalinated water from the unit cells (5) is large, there can be provided more than one extraction pipe (16) and pumps (15) to pump out the desalinated water.
  • each of reverse osmosis production unit or unit cell (5) is self contained and independent of other unit cells. This configuration simplifies on-going maintenance of each unit all and in particular the membrane modules (9).
  • Each unit cell (5) can be drained, the reverse osmosis membrane filler(s) within it can be lifted up for cleaning and maintenance without significantly interrupting the operation of the other unit cells.
  • the reverse osmosis membranes can be lifted and reintroduced into the unit cells by a fully mechanised means.
  • the honeycombs like assembly of unit cells within a vertical shaft also results in saving of space. As such the invention provides an economical and feasible method of desalination of seawater.
  • an assembly of desalination plants as described above can be arranged subject to the arrangement that a common sea water inlet, a common means to filter the seawater and a common seawater treatment means can be provided.
  • each vertical shaft can be connected by conduit means and a common or single extraction pipe can be provided to remove the desalinated water from the reservoirs so connected.
  • One of the major advantages of the present invention is the elimination of the need of pressure vessels as in prior art.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane immersed in the well is directly exposed to hydrostatic pressure of the salt water.
  • the membrane removes the need for complex and complicated mechanism piping and instrumentations, resulting in a overall simplified, less expensive desalination plants.
  • the invention offers the possibility of using different types of membranes, ranging from low pressure to high pressure reverse osmosis membrane, enabling the maximising of desalination rates in the vertical shaft.
  • the seawater inlet As the seawater inlet is constructed below the seawater levels, it enables the seawater to flow into pre-treatment chamber by gravity. Similarly, the pre-treated seawater then flows into reverse osmosis unit cells by gravity. Thus by using gravity induced flow, a saving of energy cost is realised.
  • a nail and a screw may not be structural equivalents in that a nail employs a cylindrical surface to secure wooden parts together, whereas a screw employs a helical surface to secure wooden parts together, in the environment of fastening wooden parts, a nail and a screw are equivalent structures.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

Une usine de dessalement permettant l'écoulement gravitationnel d'eau salée (1) à prétraiter (2, 3) et à acheminer ultérieurement dans une cellule unitaire (5) submergée sur la surface du sol. Des unités de dessalement par osmose inverse (9) sont maintenues dans chaque unité cellulaire (5). L'osmose inverse a lieu en raison de la différence de pression hydrostatique dans la cellule unitaire (5) et le réservoir de stockage (11) dans lequel l'eau dessalée s'écoule. La pression du réservoir de stockage (11) est maintenue à une pression atmosphérique. L'eau dessalée est pompée hors du réservoir de stockage (11) et la saumure (7) est pompée hors de la cellule unitaire (5). Une pluralité de cellules (5) peut être obtenue dans une grande colonne verticale (6).
PCT/SG2005/000233 2004-07-14 2005-07-13 Appareil et procede de dessalement Ceased WO2006006942A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05761308A EP1776319A1 (fr) 2004-07-14 2005-07-13 Appareil et procede de dessalement
CN2005800303624A CN101044094B (zh) 2004-07-14 2005-07-13 脱盐设备和方法
AU2005262928A AU2005262928B2 (en) 2004-07-14 2005-07-13 Desalination apparatus and method

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SG200404298-2 2004-07-14
SG200404298A SG119232A1 (en) 2004-07-14 2004-07-14 Desalination apparatus and method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006006942A1 true WO2006006942A1 (fr) 2006-01-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SG2005/000233 Ceased WO2006006942A1 (fr) 2004-07-14 2005-07-13 Appareil et procede de dessalement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1776319A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101044094B (fr)
AU (1) AU2005262928B2 (fr)
SG (1) SG119232A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006006942A1 (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008025362A1 (fr) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Danfoss A/S Système de distribution d'eau
WO2008074059A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Woodshed Technologies Limited Système de dessalement
US7416666B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2008-08-26 Water Standard Company Mobile desalination plants and systems, and methods for producing desalinated water
US8685252B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2014-04-01 Dxv Water Technologies, Llc Water treatment systems and methods
WO2016057717A1 (fr) * 2014-10-10 2016-04-14 EcoDesal, LLC Membrane exposée en profondeur pour l'extraction d'eau
WO2017010892A1 (fr) 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Seabox As Système de dessalement d'eau de mer et procédé permettant de fournir de l'eau ayant une salinité prédéterminée et de maintenir ladite salinité dans un réservoir d'eau ouvert
EP3166890A4 (fr) * 2014-07-13 2017-12-27 Phoenix Revolution Inc. Procédés et systèmes de dessalement
WO2021212186A1 (fr) * 2020-04-24 2021-10-28 Fortescue Future Industries Pty Ltd Procédé et système de traitement d'eau
US11174877B2 (en) 2017-02-09 2021-11-16 Natural Ocean Well Co. Submerged reverse osmosis system
CN114349120A (zh) * 2021-11-29 2022-04-15 三泰水技术有限公司 重力驱动式地表水处理方法及系统
USD965824S1 (en) 2020-11-02 2022-10-04 Natural Ocean Well Co. Replaceable dockable membrane module
USD965825S1 (en) 2020-11-02 2022-10-04 Natural Ocean Well Co. Replaceable dockable membrane module
USD973177S1 (en) 2020-11-02 2022-12-20 Natural Ocean Well Co. Desalination pod
US20230056889A1 (en) * 2021-06-30 2023-02-23 Enock N. Segawa Component Arrangement For Gravitational Water Desalination

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CN103212295B (zh) * 2013-04-19 2015-09-02 荷丰(天津)化工工程有限公司 工业化规模海水淡化工艺及装置
CN103204568A (zh) * 2013-04-19 2013-07-17 陈俞任 海水自动淡化井
US12195374B1 (en) 2024-04-02 2025-01-14 Kuwait University Plunging liquid jet reactor and water treatment system

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EP0764610B1 (fr) * 1995-04-07 1999-12-08 Alberto Vazquez-Figueroa Rial Installation et procede de dessalement de l'eau marine par osmose inverse et par pression hydrostatique
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4125463A (en) * 1977-10-27 1978-11-14 Chenoweth James W Reverse osmosis desalination apparatus and method
GB2068774A (en) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-19 Mesple Jose L R Apparatus for desalinating water by reverse osmosis
US5366635A (en) * 1992-11-27 1994-11-22 Global Water Technologies, Inc. Desalinization system and process
EP0764610B1 (fr) * 1995-04-07 1999-12-08 Alberto Vazquez-Figueroa Rial Installation et procede de dessalement de l'eau marine par osmose inverse et par pression hydrostatique
US5916441A (en) * 1995-11-13 1999-06-29 D'sal International, Inc. Apparatus for desalinating salt water
US5914041A (en) * 1996-09-03 1999-06-22 Nate International Channel based reverse osmosis
US5944999A (en) * 1996-09-03 1999-08-31 Nate International Modular filtration system
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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7416666B2 (en) 2002-10-08 2008-08-26 Water Standard Company Mobile desalination plants and systems, and methods for producing desalinated water
WO2008025362A1 (fr) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Danfoss A/S Système de distribution d'eau
WO2008074059A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Woodshed Technologies Limited Système de dessalement
US8685252B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2014-04-01 Dxv Water Technologies, Llc Water treatment systems and methods
US8999162B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2015-04-07 Econopure Water Systems, Llc Water treatment systems and methods
EP3166890A4 (fr) * 2014-07-13 2017-12-27 Phoenix Revolution Inc. Procédés et systèmes de dessalement
WO2016057717A1 (fr) * 2014-10-10 2016-04-14 EcoDesal, LLC Membrane exposée en profondeur pour l'extraction d'eau
US10513446B2 (en) 2014-10-10 2019-12-24 EcoDesal, LLC Depth exposed membrane for water extraction
WO2017010892A1 (fr) 2015-07-16 2017-01-19 Seabox As Système de dessalement d'eau de mer et procédé permettant de fournir de l'eau ayant une salinité prédéterminée et de maintenir ladite salinité dans un réservoir d'eau ouvert
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AU2005262928B2 (en) 2009-08-06
CN101044094B (zh) 2012-04-25
SG119232A1 (en) 2006-02-28
EP1776319A1 (fr) 2007-04-25
CN101044094A (zh) 2007-09-26

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