WO2006002449A1 - Novel materials for a land vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a land vehicle which is at least partially manufactured from concrete.

Description

 NEW MATERIALS FOR A COUNTRY VEHICLE

The invention relates to a land vehicle.

For the production of conventional land vehicles, in particular for rail vehicles and magnetic levitation railways, a relatively complicated production process is necessary due to the different materials used, which must satisfy different requirement profiles with regard to fire protection regulations and corrosion properties.

Moreover, it is disadvantageous in the known land vehicles that the usual materials used for supporting structures of the vehicle, such as steel, have a high weight.

It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages.

This object is achieved in that the land vehicle is partially made of concrete. For example, a car body and / or a base or chassis of the vehicle can be made at least partially of concrete.

Through the use of concrete in the production of the vehicle can be achieved in addition to a component reduction, high corrosion resistance and a long life also very good fire protection properties.

According to a preferred variant of the invention, the vehicle is partly made of high-strength concrete.

High-strength concrete is characterized by a dense and homogeneous structure with a low capillary pore content. It differs from normal concrete in its production by having a lower water-cement ratio (w / c = 0.25 to 0.35), the addition of high-performance plasticizers, the use of silica fume as a concrete admixture and the use of high-strength cements. For normal-strength concretes, the addition of water is usually 0.5 to 0.7 times the cement mass. This ratio is reduced to values between 0.35 and 0.25 for high-strength concretes. Thus, less water is added to these concretes than is necessary for complete hydration of the cement (w / z ~ 0.40). This leaves almost no unbound water in the cementum, which causes the formation of capillary pores. Usually, high strength concrete has a strength of 60-180 N / mm ² . Such a high-strength concrete or a process for its preparation has become known, for example, from CH 473739. According to another variant of the invention, the vehicle is at least partially made of ultra-high performance concrete.

Ultra-high-performance concrete is understood as meaning a high-strength concrete whose strength is approx. 180 - 230 N / mm2. Recipes for the production of ultra-high performance concretes have become known to the expert in numerous forms and should therefore not be explained in detail here. Ultra-high performance concrete is particularly suitable for highly stressed, wide-stretched components.

Which type of concrete is used to make the vehicle, normal concrete, high-strength concrete or ultra-high performance concrete depends primarily on the type of vehicle in which part of the vehicle is made of concrete. Thus, for example, given a sufficiently large available installation space and the use of conventional support structures made of steel, the floor of a rail vehicle can be cast from normal concrete. For this purpose, known production methods for producing concrete slabs, for example by means of formwork, can be used. However, if the floor is to freely span over a large distance, for example, high-strength or ultra-high-performance concrete may be used depending on the size of the loads occurring.

To produce any concrete components of the vehicle also known per se methods for the production of concrete elements can be used. Such methods and methods have also become known to a person skilled in the art in large numbers, which is why it should not be discussed further here. Thus, a device or a process for the production of concrete products, for example, DD 270 033 Al known become the.

The dense and homogeneous structure of the high-strength concrete or of the ultra-high-performance concrete with its low capillary pore content guarantees high strength at normal temperature, but may be unfavorable under fire stress. At temperatures of about 150 ° C, the physically bound water evaporates in the cement stone. If the resulting vapor pressure can not escape through the capillary pores due to the dense structure, it will discharge itself through concrete spalling. For this reason, made of high-strength concrete parts of the vehicle can be at least partially secured by a near-surface mesh reinforcement or by admixture of Polypropylenfa¬ fibers against chipping. In case of fire, the fibers burn or melt and leave behind tubular pores, which reduce the water vapor pressure. Conveniently, only those parts or that part of the vehicle are provided with a superficial net reinforcement or with polypropylene fibers which must or must have particularly good fire protection properties. In a particularly favorable embodiment of the invention, the car body of the vehicle is at least partially made of concrete. Since concrete is characterized by a high resistance to corrosion and good shaping properties in the context of the production process, this material is particularly suitable for the production of components of a car body or a lower frame of a rail vehicle. Here, as mentioned above, depending on the nature of the structural requirements different types of concrete can be used. The choice of the corresponding concrete is determined primarily by the occurring or expected static and dynamic loads which the component made of concrete is subjected to during operation of the vehicle.

A particularly favorable variant of the invention further provides that the vehicle is at least partially made of transparent concrete. Transparent concrete refers to a concrete that consists of at least five percent glass fibers. Through the use of transparent concrete for the production of the car body, a very bright car body interior can be realized without additional artificial light sources. Car body walls of transparent concrete can also be actively illuminated by letting the light of an artificial light source be introduced into the glass fibers arranged in parallel.

It is particularly advantageous, as already mentioned above, if the floor of the Wagenkas¬ least of the vehicle is made of concrete. This embodiment of the invention makes it possible, for example in rail vehicles or magnetic levitation trains, to achieve a very great simplification of the production process, since a large number of assembly steps can be saved when laying the floor in comparison to conventional methods. Thus, for example, eliminates the attachment and attachment of Isolierungs¬ and fire protection devices above or below the floor.

Even in the production of side walls or the roof area or roof of the car body concrete can be used in a favorable manner. For example, the flat parts, whether planar or curved, of the components just mentioned can be made of concrete. On the one hand, here too, as in the manufacture of the floor, the manufacturing process can be considerably simplified. On the other hand, the use of concrete in these areas instead of different materials, such as stainless steel or aluminum and insulating materials, can be dispensed with. On the other hand, the production of side walls or of the roof or end region of the car body can also ensure good fire protection properties. Concrete can also advantageously be used for the manufacture of the undercarriage, since Ultra high-performance concrete is comparable in its strength properties to steel, and load-bearing structures of the underframe can also be manufactured from this material. In addition to the good processing and material properties, concrete is also characterized by its low production costs, which can also significantly reduce the production costs of the vehicle.

The use of concrete according to the invention is particularly well suited in addition to the manufacture of land vehicles in general and rail vehicles in particular, especially for the production of magnetic levitation trains due to the electromagnetic shielding effect of concrete.

Claims

1. land vehicle, characterized in that it is at least partially made of concrete. 2. Land vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete is a hochfes¬ ter concrete. 3. land vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete is an ultra high performance concrete. 4. land vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is at least partially made of transparent concrete. 5. Land vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one made of concrete part of the vehicle is secured at least partially with a near-surface mesh reinforcement or admixture of polypropylene fibers against Abplat¬ zen at high temperatures. 6. Land vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a car body of the vehicle is at least partially made of concrete. 7. land vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that the floor of the car body of the vehicle is at least partially made of concrete. 8. Land vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that side walls of the car body are at least partially made of concrete. 9. Land vehicle according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the Car body is made in his roof area at least partially made of concrete. 10. land vehicle according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that at least one end wall region of the car body is at least partially made of concrete. 11. Land vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises an at least partially made of concrete base frame. 12. Land vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is a rail vehicle or a maglev train.