WO2006087963A1 - フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜、それを用いる水の濾過方法およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜、それを用いる水の濾過方法およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006087963A1 WO2006087963A1 PCT/JP2006/302251 JP2006302251W WO2006087963A1 WO 2006087963 A1 WO2006087963 A1 WO 2006087963A1 JP 2006302251 W JP2006302251 W JP 2006302251W WO 2006087963 A1 WO2006087963 A1 WO 2006087963A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hollow fiber
- porous membrane
- vinylidene fluoride
- membrane
- fluoride resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0018—Thermally induced processes [TIPS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/15—Use of additives
- B01D2323/20—Plasticizers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
- B01D2325/022—Asymmetric membranes
- B01D2325/0233—Asymmetric membranes with clearly distinguishable layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
Definitions
- Vinylidene fluoride resin hollow fiber porous membrane Vinylidene fluoride resin hollow fiber porous membrane, water filtration method using the same, and production method thereof
- the present invention relates to a hollow fiber porous membrane (hollow fiber-like porous membrane) made of polyvinylidene fluoride resin that has excellent long-term water treatment performance including regeneration efficiency in addition to mechanical strength,
- the present invention relates to a method for filtering water and a method for producing the same.
- vinylidene fluoride resin is excellent in weather resistance, chemical resistance, and heat resistance, its application to a porous membrane for separation is being studied.
- a hollow fiber porous membrane is often used because it is easy to increase the membrane area per volume of the filtration device.
- the hollow fiber porous membrane used is of a certain size so as not to cause thread breakage during backwashing to remove clogging of the membrane over time as well as during filtration operation.
- Mechanical strength such as tensile strength and elongation at break is required.
- backwashing with water containing sodium hypochlorite or ozone or regular chemical cleaning is performed.
- filtration operation may be performed by adding sodium hypochlorite or ozone to the raw water (supply water). Therefore, the porous membrane is required to have high chemical resistance so that the mechanical strength (tensile strength, elongation at break) is not lowered by these chemicals over a long period of time.
- Vinylidene fluoride resin generally has excellent weather resistance, chemical resistance, heat resistance, strength, and the like! However, since the vinylidene fluoride resin is non-adhesive and low compatible, the moldability is not always good. In addition, the development of porous membranes has not always been satisfactory in terms of mechanical strength because of the pursuit of high porosity and narrow pore size distribution for the purpose of improving separation performance.
- the porous membrane thus obtained has a relatively high mechanical strength.
- an alkaline aqueous solution is used to extract hydrophobic silica, the vinylidene fluoride-based resin constituting the membrane is easily deteriorated.
- the hollow fiber porous membrane used for water treatment is subjected to physical washing such as back washing or regeneration treatment by chemical washing in order to remove clogging of the membrane over time.
- physical washing such as back washing or regeneration treatment by chemical washing
- chemical washing since it is necessary to remove the chemical from the apparatus system before the filtration operation is resumed after cleaning, it is preferable to regenerate by physical cleaning as much as possible.
- backwashing performed as a physical washing operation requires that the raw water side and the permeate side supplied to the porous membrane after the filtration operation be reversed from those during the filtration operation. It is difficult to implement appropriately.
- the air scrubbing operation which is known as a kind of physical cleaning operation, is applied to a modular hollow fiber porous membrane immersed in the water (usually feed water) of the filtration device.
- the lower force of the device The publishing air for scrubbing is applied to vibrate the hollow fiber porous membrane to remove the deposits on the outer surface, so the water supply system to the filtration device does not change during the filtration operation.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-215535
- Patent Document 2 WO 2004/081109 A Publication
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-68966
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a polyvinylidene fluoride resin hollow fiber porous membrane excellent in long-term water treatment performance including the regeneration efficiency by air scrubbing in addition to the mechanical strength.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for filtering water using the same and a method for producing the same.
- a hollow fiber porous membrane in which the ratio of the outer surface average pore diameter of the membrane and the membrane layer average pore diameter is a certain value or more is recovered in water permeability by air scrubbing after use. It has been found to be extremely effective in achieving the objectives of the present invention where the rate is significantly higher.
- the hollow fiber porous membrane of the present invention comprises a hollow fiber-shaped vinylidene fluoride-based network porous membrane having a pore size distribution in the thickness direction of the membrane, and the outer surface by a scanning electron microscope.
- the ratio P1ZP2 of the average pore size P1 to the membrane layer average pore size P2 by the half-dry method is 2.5 or more.
- the network microstructure of the hollow fiber porous membrane is effective in maintaining water permeability in harmony with mechanical strength.
- the reason why the ratio of the outer surface average pore diameter P1 by the scanning electron microscope P1 and the membrane layer average pore diameter P2 by the half dry method P1ZP2 is 2.5 or more is not necessarily clear why the air scrubbing efficiency is remarkably increased.
- the pore diameter on the outer surface of the membrane expands sufficiently, and a minimum pore diameter layer is formed inside or inside the membrane. It is presumed that the pore size distribution in the film thickness direction is effective in removing the fine particle layer deposited on the outer surface by air cladding.
- P1ZP2 must be 2.5 or more is that the average pore diameter P1 by SEM observation is due to direct observation of the outer surface, whereas the average pore diameter P2 by the half-dry method is the minimum pore diameter.
- the average pore size in the layer is dominant, it is assumed that it is also affected by the narrowing of the pore size in other parts of the film thickness direction.
- the water filtration method of the present invention includes a step of supplying raw water from the outer surface side of the hollow fiber porous membrane and performing water permeation filtration to the inner surface side, and a step of washing the hollow fiber porous membrane by air scrubbing. It is characterized by including these.
- the above-described hollow fiber porous membrane is used as a vinylidene fluoride in the cooling medium used in the method developed by the present inventors represented by Patent Document 2 above. It has been found that it is formed by containing a good ratio of the system rosin in a specific ratio.
- the method for producing a vinylidene fluoride resin hollow fiber porous membrane of the present invention comprises 70 to 250 parts by weight of a plasticizer and vinylidene fluoride with respect to 100 parts by weight of a vinylidene fluoride resin. Add 5 to 80 parts by weight of a good solvent for the resin, melt extrude the resulting composition into a hollow fiber membrane, and introduce it into a cooling medium to preferentially cool and solidify the film. Then, a plasticizer is extracted to produce a hollow fiber porous membrane, and a good solvent of vinylidene fluoride resin is contained in the cooling medium for the solidification membrane formation in an amount of 30% by weight or more. It is characterized by.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a polyvinylidene fluoride resin porous membrane having a pore size distribution in the thickness direction and having a minimum pore size layer (dense layer) inside the membrane.
- a flat membrane obtained by casting a vinylidene fluoride resin solution and evaporating the solvent after casting, and is suitable for air scrubbing regeneration as in the present invention. It is not a thread-like porous membrane.
- the dense layer is formed inside the dense layer, which is most effective for filtering and removing fine particles, to prevent the dense layer from being damaged.
- the air scrubbing as intended by the present invention is used. There is no suggestion about improvement of regenerative ability.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a water permeability measuring device used for evaluating the water treatment performance of hollow fiber porous membranes obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- a vinylidene fluoride resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 200,000 to 600,000 is used as a main film material.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the mechanical strength of the obtained porous membrane becomes small.
- Mw is 600,000 or more
- the phase separation structure between the vinylidene fluoride resin and the plasticizer becomes excessively fine, and the amount of water permeability when the obtained porous membrane is used as a microfiltration membrane is reduced. .
- the vinylidene fluoride-based resin a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride, that is, a copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride and other copolymerizable monomers is used. Alternatively, a mixture of these is used.
- Monomers that can be copolymerized with vinylidene fluoride resin include one or more of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, trifluoroethylene, trifluorochloroethylene, fluorinated butyl, etc. Can be used.
- the vinylidene fluoride resin preferably contains 70 mol% or more of vinylidene fluoride as a structural unit. In particular, it is preferable to use a homopolymer composed of 100% by mole of vinylidene fluoride because of its high mechanical strength.
- the above-mentioned relatively high molecular weight vinylidene fluoride-based resin can be preferably obtained by emulsion polymerization or suspension polymerization, particularly preferably suspension polymerization.
- the vinylidene fluoride resin forming the porous membrane of the present invention has a relatively large molecular weight of 200,000 to 600,000 as described above, and DSC measurement
- the difference between the original melting point Tm2 (° C) and the crystallization temperature Tc (° C) by Tm2--Tc is less than 32 ° C, preferably less than 30 ° C. It preferably has crystal characteristics that suppress the growth of spherical crystals during cooling and promote the formation of a network structure.
- the original melting point Tm2 (° C) of the resin is the melting point Tml (° C) measured by subjecting the obtained sample resin or the resin forming the porous film to the temperature rising process by DSC as it is. C) is distinct.
- generally available vinylidene fluoride-based resin has a melting point Tml (different from the original melting point Tm2 (° C) due to the heat and mechanical history received during its production process or thermoforming process.
- the melting point Tm2 (° C) of the above-described fluoride-redene resin is determined by subjecting the obtained sample resin to a predetermined temperature increase / decrease cycle. And after excluding the mechanical history, it is defined as the melting point (the endothermic peak temperature accompanying crystal melting) found again in the DSC heating process, The details of the measuring method will be described prior to the description of Examples described later.
- Tm 2-1 ⁇ ⁇ 32 that represents the crystallization temperature of vinylidene fluoride resin preferably used in the present invention can be achieved even if the reduction of 13 ⁇ 412 is caused by copolymerization, for example. However, in this case, there is a case where the chemical resistance of the resulting porous film tends to be lowered. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 70 to 98% by weight of a vinylidene fluoride resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 150,000 to 600,000 is used as a matrix (mainly) resin. 1.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the crystallization temperature Tc can be significantly increased without changing the crystalline melting point of the matrix resin alone (preferably represented by Tm2 within the range of 170 to 180 ° C). . More specifically, by increasing the Tc, the solidification of the vinylidene fluoride resin is accelerated from the inside of the film to the opposite side when cooling from the inside of the film, which is slower than the film surface, or from one side. And the growth of spherical particles can be suppressed.
- Tc is preferably 143 ° C or higher.
- the Mw of the high molecular weight vinyl fluoride-redene resin is less than 1.8 times the Mw of the matrix resin, it is difficult to sufficiently suppress the formation of the spherical particle structure. In some cases, it is difficult to disperse uniformly in the matrix resin.
- the amount of the high molecular weight vinylidene fluoride resin is less than 2% by weight, the effect of suppressing the formation of the spherical particle structure is not sufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 30% by weight, the vinylidene fluoride type resin is added. There is a tendency that the phase separation structure of the resin and the plasticizer becomes excessively fine and the water permeability of the membrane decreases.
- a plastic composition and a good solvent for the vinylidene fluoride resin are added to the vinylidene fluoride resin to form a raw material composition for film formation.
- an aliphatic polyester having a dibasic acid and Daricol strength for example, an adipic acid-based polyester such as adipic acid propylene glycolenole, adipic acid 1,3-butyleneglycolanol, or the like; sebacic acid-propyleneglycol System, sebacic acid Azelaic acid such as propylene glycol, azelaic acid 1,3 butylene glycol, and the like are used.
- N-methylpyrrolidone dimethyl
- examples include formamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ethyl acetate, propylene carbonate, cyclohexane, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethyl phthalate, and mixed solvents thereof.
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- the raw material composition for forming a film is preferably obtained by mixing 70 to 250 parts by weight of a plasticizer and 5 to 80 parts by weight of a good solvent with respect to 100 parts by weight of a vinylidene fluoride resin.
- the plasticizer is less than 70 parts by weight, the porosity will be low, resulting in poor filtration performance (water permeability) of the hollow fiber porous membrane, and also due to the fine crystallization of vinylidene fluoride resin. The effect of promoting the formation of a network structure tends to be impaired. On the other hand, if it exceeds 250 parts by weight, the porosity becomes too high, and the mechanical strength is lowered.
- the good solvent is less than 5 parts by weight, the polyvinylidene fluoride resin and the plasticizer cannot be mixed uniformly, or mixing takes time. On the other hand, if it exceeds 80 parts by weight, the porosity corresponding to the amount of plasticizer added cannot be obtained. In other words, efficient pore formation due to extraction of the plasticizer is hindered.
- the total amount of the plasticizer and the good solvent is preferably in the range of 100 to 250 parts by weight. Both of them have the effect of reducing the viscosity of the melt-extruded composition and act to some extent as alternatives.
- the good solvent is preferably 5 to 40% by weight, particularly 10 to 35% by weight.
- the melt-extruded composition is extruded into a hollow fiber membrane at a temperature of generally 140 to 270 ° C, preferably 150 to 200 ° C, with a hollow nozzle force. Therefore, in the end, the above temperature range As long as the quality composition is obtained, mixing of the vinylidene fluoride resin, the plasticizer and the good solvent, and the molten form are arbitrary. According to one preferred embodiment for obtaining such a composition, a twin-screw kneading extruder is used (preferably also having a mixing force of the main resin and the resin for crystal property modification).
- the redene-based resin is supplied from the upstream side of the extruder, and a mixture of a plasticizer and a good solvent is supplied downstream and is made a homogeneous mixture until it is discharged through the extruder.
- This twin-screw extruder can be controlled independently by dividing it into a plurality of blocks along its longitudinal axis direction, and appropriate temperature adjustment is made according to the contents of the passing material in each part.
- the melt-extruded hollow fiber membrane-like material is preferentially introduced from the outer surface by introducing it into a refrigerant medium bath containing 30% by weight or more of a good solvent for vinylidene fluoride resin. Cool and solidify to form a film.
- a good solvent the same one (not necessarily the same) as that forming the above composition is used, and NMP is most preferable.
- Other components that form a cooling medium when mixed with a good solvent are liquids that are inert to vinylidene fluoride resin (that is, non-solvent and non-reactive), but have good compatibility with NMP. Water with a large heat capacity is most preferred.
- the proportion of the good solvent in the cooling medium is required to be 30% by weight or more, preferably 30 to 90% by weight, particularly 40 to 80% by weight. If it is less than 30% by weight, the outer surface average pore size P1 of the hollow fiber porous membrane to be obtained is not sufficiently large, and the formation of the minimum pore size layer in the membrane which is the object of the present invention is insufficient. On the other hand, if the proportion of the good solvent is excessive, the melt-extruded hollow fiber membrane is cooled and solidified. When the film is formed, the surface layer portion is insufficiently solidified and the yarn tends to be crushed. .
- the temperature of the cooling medium is 0 to 120 ° C., a force with which a fairly wide temperature range force can be selected, preferably 5 to: LOO ° C., particularly preferably 5 to 80 ° C.
- the cooled and solidified hollow fiber membrane is then introduced into the extract bath and subjected to extraction and removal of the plasticizer and good solvent.
- the extract is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve the polyvinylidene fluoride resin but can dissolve the plasticizer and good solvent.
- the hollow fiber membrane after extraction is then subjected to stretching to increase the porosity and pore diameter and to improve the strong elongation.
- the stretching is preferably performed by uniaxial stretching in the longitudinal direction of the hollow fiber membrane, for example, by a pair of rollers having different peripheral speeds. This is because, in order to harmonize the porosity and the strong elongation of the vinylidene fluoride resin porous hollow fiber membrane of the present invention, the stretched fibril (fiber) part and the unstretched node (node) along the stretch direction. This is because it has been found that a fine structure in which parts appear alternately is preferable.
- the draw ratio is suitably about 1.2 to 4.0 times, particularly about 1.4 to 3.0 times.
- crystallization is performed by heat treatment in advance at a temperature in the range of 80 to 160 ° C, preferably 100 to 140 ° C for 1 second to 18000 seconds, preferably 3 seconds to 3600 seconds. It is preferable to increase the degree.
- the vinylidene fluoride-based rosin porous hollow fiber membrane of the present invention can be obtained as described above, and the immersion treatment with a wetting liquid using a liquid that wets the vinylidene fluoride-based rosin hollow fiber membrane can be performed. Preferably it is done. This is because the moisture permeation amount of the porous hollow fiber membrane of the present invention is remarkably increased by this wetting treatment.
- a liquid having a surface tension (JIS K6768) smaller than the wetting tension of vinyl fluoride-lidene-based resin is used as a wetting liquid for the polyvinylidene fluoride-based porous resin film.
- Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, and chlorinated carbons such as dichloromethane and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, preferably selected from polar solvents having a boiling point of about 30 to 100 ° C.
- the hollow fiber porous membrane that has been stretched is preferably subjected to relaxation treatment.
- the relaxation of the porous membrane under moisture is preferably performed by passing the hollow fiber porous membrane wetted with the wetting liquid through the hollow fiber porous membrane wetted between the upstream roller and the downstream roller where the peripheral speed is gradually reduced. Is done by.
- the wet state by the wetting liquid as an environment for performing the relaxation treatment of the stretched hollow fiber porous membrane is simple to form by immersing the porous membrane in the wetting liquid. After dipping in a dampening solution and impregnating the dampening solution in the porous membrane, it does not show wettability to vinylidene fluoride resin, and is a liquid (for example, water) or a gas such as air. You can introduce it inside to cause relaxation!
- the relaxation temperature is preferably 0 to 100 ° C, particularly 5 to 80 ° C! /.
- the relaxation treatment time may be short or long as long as a desired relaxation rate is obtained. Generally, it is about 5 seconds to 1 minute. It is not necessary to be within this range.
- the effect of the relaxation treatment under the above-described wetness is a remarkable effect that the water permeability of the obtained hollow fiber porous membrane is increased, but the pore size distribution is not changed so much and the porosity is slightly lowered. Show the trend.
- the wall thickness of the porous membrane does not change much, but the inner and outer diameters of hollow fiber membranes tend to increase.
- the dry heat relaxation treatment is preferably performed at a temperature of 80 to 160 ° C, particularly 100 to 140 ° C, so that a relaxation rate of about 0 to 10%, particularly about 2 to 10% can be obtained.
- a relaxation rate of 0% corresponds to, for example, heat fixation after wet relaxation.
- the hollow fiber porous membrane of the present invention obtained through the above series of steps is composed of a hollow fiber-shaped vinylidene fluoride-based resin-structured porous membrane having a pore size distribution in the membrane thickness direction, and has an outer surface average pore size P1 and a half dry
- the ratio P1ZP2 of the membrane layer average pore diameter P2 by the method is 2.5 or more. Formed !, presumed to be.
- the ratio between the average pore size P1 obtained by image analysis (details will be described later) of the SEM photograph obtained by SEM observation of the outer surface of the porous membrane and the average pore size P2 obtained by the half dry method P1Z P2 force .5 The above is effective for achieving the effect of the present invention, that is, the improvement of the water permeability recovery effect by air scrubbing.
- the upper limit of P1ZP2 is not particularly limited and is usually 5 or less, particularly 4 or less.
- the pore diameter distribution in the thickness direction of the hollow fiber porous membrane used for water treatment is as follows.
- the outer surface average pore diameter P1 by SEM observation is 0.20-0.60 m, and the half dry method is used.
- the membrane layer average pore diameter P2 is 0.05-0.20 ⁇ m
- the inner surface average pore diameter P3 by SEM observation is 0.25 to 0.60 / zm.
- Other general characteristics of the hollow fiber porous membrane obtained by the present invention include a porosity of 55 to 90%, preferably 60 to 85%, particularly preferably 65 to 80%, and a tensile strength. 6MPa or more, preferably 8MPa or more, particularly preferably lOMPa or more, elongation at break of 5% or more, preferably 10% or more, particularly preferably 20% or more, which can be used as a water-permeable treatment membrane If this is the case, water permeability of 5m 3 Zm 2 'day lOOkPa or more can be obtained.
- the thickness is usually in the range of about 5-800 ⁇ m, preferably 50-600 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 150-500 m.
- the outer diameter of the hollow fiber is about 0.3 to 3 mm, particularly about 1 to 3 mm.
- a crystal structure portion and a crystal non-orientation portion are obtained by X-ray diffraction as a fine structure. It is understood that this corresponds to the stretched fibril part and the unstretched node part, respectively.
- the hollow fiber porous membrane of the present invention is housed in a hollow fiber membrane module of a type in which raw water contacts the outer surface of a hollow fiber membrane called an external pressure type or immersion type, and the outer surface side of the hollow fiber porous membrane It is used in a water filtration method including a step of supplying raw water from the inside and performing a permeation filtration to the inner surface side, and a step of washing the hollow fiber porous membrane by air scrubbing.
- a hollow fiber bundle obtained by converging a plurality of hollow fiber porous membranes into a bundle is accommodated in a cylindrical housing having a circular or rectangular cross section, and the hollow fiber bundle Both ends are bonded and fixed at both ends of the housing.
- the adhesive fixing part on one end side is a resin partition that separates the filtration chamber (inside the module) and the filtration water chamber (water collecting part), and the adhesive fixing part on the other end side is filtered.
- the hollow fiber bundle end on one end side is exposed to the filtered water chamber in an open state at the end face of the resin partition wall, and the hollow fiber bundle end on the other end side is formed on the resin partition wall.
- An example of the module is a double-sided support one-end opening module embedded and closed inside.
- a gas introduction port for air scrubbing is provided on the other end side of the resin partition, or a raw water supply loca provided in the resin partition and a module that can be switched by arbitrarily switching between raw water and gas is preferable.
- a cross-section perpendicular to the hollow fiber porous membrane is obtained by converging a large number of hollow fiber porous membranes into a U-shape and keeping the ends of the hollow fiber porous membranes open.
- the hollow fiber membrane is fixed in a circular or elongated rectangular shape with both ends of the hollow fiber membrane bonded and fixed at one location.
- the U-shaped top part is movable, or a large number of hollow fiber membranes are interleaved.
- a both-end supported immersion module in which both ends of a hollow fiber porous membrane are separately bonded and fixed to a fixing member having a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the hollow fiber porous membrane while both ends or one end of the hollow fiber porous membrane are kept open.
- These submerged modules are integrated into a raw water tank (in the case of wastewater treatment, an activated sludge tank or a sedimentation tank) via a fixed member, and a diffuser tube provided at the bottom of the raw water tank. By introducing air scrubbing gas, it is cleaned by air scrubbing.
- Air scrubbing conditions vary depending on the degree of membrane fouling during drainage operation, but in the case of constant pressure filtration, when the flow rate drops to a certain level, and in the case of constant flow filtration, the difference between membranes. It is effective to appropriately carry out when the pressure rises to a certain level.
- the filtration time is 3 minutes, preferably once every 5 hours.
- the duration of a single era-scrubbing is 1 minute, preferably 10 minutes. If water permeability is not sufficiently restored even after repeated air rubbing multiple times, backwashing or chemical washing can be combined.
- a GPC device “GPC-900” manufactured by JASCO Corporation was used, “Shode x KD—806M” manufactured by Showa Denko Co., Ltd. as a column, “Shodex KD—G” used as a precolumn, NMP as a solvent, and a temperature of 40.
- the molecular weight was measured as a polystyrene-equivalent molecular weight by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method at C, flow rate of lOmlZ.
- DSC7 a differential scanning calorimeter manufactured by PerkinElmer Co., Ltd., set sample oil lOmg in the measuring cell, and in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at a temperature increase rate of 30 ° C to 10 ° CZ at 250 ° C. Then, the temperature was maintained at 250 ° C for 1 minute, and then the temperature was decreased from 250 ° C to 30 ° C at a rate of 10 ° CZ to obtain a DSC curve.
- the endothermic peak velocity in the temperature rising process was defined as the melting point Tml (° C)
- Tc crystallization temperature
- the endothermic peak temperature in the reheated DSC curve was defined as the original resin melting point Tm2 (° C) that defines the crystal characteristics of the vinylidene fluoride resin of the present invention.
- the apparent volume V (cm 2 ) of the porous membrane was calculated by measuring the length, width, and thickness of the porous membrane (outer diameter and inner diameter in the case of hollow fibers), and the weight W (g) of the porous membrane was further calculated.
- the porosity was calculated from the following equation.
- the porous membrane was immersed in ethanol for 15 minutes, then immersed in water for 15 minutes to make it hydrophilic, and then measured at a water temperature of 25 ° C. and a differential pressure of lOOkPa.
- the membrane area of the hollow fiber porous membrane is the test length (filtering The length (L) (see Fig. 1) was set to 800 mm, and the following formula was calculated based on the outer diameter.
- Membrane area (m 2 ) Outer diameter ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Test length
- the average pore size was measured by the half dry method using “Palm Porometer CFP-200AEX” manufactured by Porous Materials, Inc. Perfluoropolyester (trade name “Galwick”) was used as the test solution.
- UV-visible spectrophotometer (“UV-2200”, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) the absorbance spectrum of the test stock solution and the filtrate was measured, and the concentration of each peak absorbance force was determined.
- the inhibition rate R was calculated using the following equation (1). Prior to the measurement, a calibration curve of polystyrene particle latex concentration and absorbance was prepared in advance, and it was confirmed that the concentration and peak absorbance had a linear relationship in the range of 0.3 to LOppm.
- a filtration test was conducted using the surface water of the Koisegawa River collected in Ishioka Pass, Ibaraki Prefecture as the supply water. Resistance to clogging and recovery by washing were evaluated.
- the turbidity of the feed water is 4.6 N.
- the chromaticity is 21.3 degrees (Corresponding to the chromaticity of 1 L of water added with 21.3 mL of chromaticity standard solution (containing 1 mg of platinum and 0.5 mg of cobalt in 1 mL)).
- the sample hollow fiber porous membrane was immersed in ethanol for 15 minutes, then immersed in pure water for 15 minutes and wetted, and then porous with a test length L of 800 mm using the apparatus shown in FIG.
- a hollow hollow fiber was attached, and both ends were taken out of the pressure vessel as drawers.
- the length of the drawer (the part where filtration is not performed, including the joint with the pressure vessel) was set to 50 mm at each end.
- the weight (g) of filtered water that flowed out at both ends during the first minute was taken as the initial water permeability.
- air scrubbing cleaning was performed by flowing air at a flow rate of 70 mlZmin for 1 minute from the lower part of the pressure vessel. After that, the water supply was filtered for 1 minute while maintaining the pressure vessel at a pressure of 50 kPa, and the weight of the water flowing out from both ends was taken as the water permeation amount for 1 minute after air scrubbing. Calculated.
- PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- Adipic acid polyester plasticizer (“PN-150” manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) as aliphatic polyester and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent, 82.5 wt. 0 / oZ 17
- a mixture B was obtained by stirring and mixing at room temperature in a proportion of 5% by weight.
- Water ZNMP (25Z75% by weight) mixed liquid that has a water surface at a position 28 Omm away from the nozzle (that is, an air gap of 280 mm) while maintaining the extruded mixture in a molten state at a temperature of 25 ° C. It is led into a cooling bath that has power, cooled and solidified (residence time in the cooling bath: about 3 seconds), taken at a take-up speed of 10 mZ, and then taken up to a force sensor with a circumference of about lm. A first intermediate molded body was obtained.
- the first intermediate molded body was immersed in dichloromethane at room temperature for 30 minutes while being vibrated, and then the dichloromethane was replaced with a new one and immersed again under the same conditions to remove the plasticizer and the solvent. Extraction was then performed in an oven at a temperature of 120 ° C. for 1 hour to remove dichloromethane and heat treatment was performed to obtain a second intermediate molded body.
- the second intermediate formed body was passed through a 60 ° C water bath at a first roll speed of 12.5 mZ, and the second roll speed was set to 27.5 mZ. Stretched 2.2 times in the longitudinal direction.
- it was passed through a dichloromethane liquid controlled at a temperature of 5 ° C, and the third roll By reducing the speed to 26.lmZ, 5% relaxation treatment was performed in dichloromethane solution.
- 5% relaxation treatment was performed in the dry heat bath by passing it through a dry heat bath (2. Om length) controlled at a space temperature of 140 ° C and dropping the fourth roll speed to 24.8 mZ. It was. This was wound up to obtain a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber porous membrane (third molded body) according to the present invention.
- the obtained polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber porous membrane has an outer diameter of 1.002 mm, an inner diameter of 0.567 mm, a film thickness ⁇ ). 218 mm, a porosity of 73%, and pure water permeability
- the main PVDF and the reforming PVDF were mixed at a ratio of 90% by weight and 10% by weight, respectively, to obtain a mixture A having Mw of 4.64 ⁇ 10 5 .
- a hollow fiber porous membrane was obtained by the same operation as in Example 1 except that the temperature of the cooling bath was 10 ° C. and the draw ratio was 1.8 times. [0078] (Example 5)
- the mixture melt-extruded into a hollow fiber is solid.
- a hollow fiber porous membrane was obtained by the above operation.
- a hollow fiber porous membrane was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the ratio of the components in the mixture of water and soot constituting the cooling bath was set to 75% by weight to 75% by weight.
- vinylidene fluoride resin is used.
- a mixture of a plasticizer and a good solvent of vinylidene fluoride resin is melt-extruded into a hollow fiber shape, and then the good solvent of vinylidene fluoride resin is fixed in a cooling medium for cooling to form a film and solidify it.
- a hollow fiber porous membrane suitable for water treatment that can be effectively regenerated by a simple air scrubbing operation can be obtained.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/884,371 US20090206035A1 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2006-02-09 | Vinylidene Fluoride Resin Hollow Filament Porous Membrane, Water Filtration Method Using the Same, and Process for Producing Said Vinylidene Fluoride Resin Hollow Filament Porous Membrane |
| JP2007503630A JP4931796B2 (ja) | 2005-02-15 | 2006-02-09 | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜、それを用いる水の濾過方法およびその製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005037556 | 2005-02-15 | ||
| JP2005-037556 | 2005-02-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006087963A1 true WO2006087963A1 (ja) | 2006-08-24 |
Family
ID=36916371
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2006/302251 Ceased WO2006087963A1 (ja) | 2005-02-15 | 2006-02-09 | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜、それを用いる水の濾過方法およびその製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090206035A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4931796B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100571852C (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006087963A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008117740A1 (ja) | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-02 | Kureha Corporation | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜およびその製造方法 |
| JP2009226338A (ja) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Kureha Corp | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜およびその製造方法 |
| WO2011007714A1 (ja) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | 株式会社クレハ | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜、その製造方法およびろ過水の製造方法 |
| CN106861441A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-20 | 海南立昇净水科技实业有限公司 | 净水膜组件清洗方法及净水膜组件清洗装置 |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SG11201700151SA (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2017-02-27 | Arkema Inc | High toughness hollow fiber membranes based on vinylidene fluoride polymers |
| EP3238814B1 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2020-08-12 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Porous hollow fiber membrane |
| JP6662305B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-31 | 2020-03-11 | 東レ株式会社 | 多孔質中空糸膜 |
| AU2017272761B2 (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2021-12-23 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Porous hollow-fiber membrane and production process therefor |
| JP7244426B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-01 | 2023-03-22 | 旭化成株式会社 | 多孔性中空糸膜、多孔性中空糸膜の製造方法、およびろ過方法 |
| EP4249108A4 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2024-04-17 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | POROUS MEMBRANE |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5891732A (ja) * | 1981-11-27 | 1983-05-31 | Teijin Ltd | ポリフツ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜及びその製法 |
| JPS5916503A (ja) * | 1982-07-20 | 1984-01-27 | Teijin Ltd | ポリフツ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔中空糸膜及びその製造方法 |
| JPH11152366A (ja) * | 1997-11-19 | 1999-06-08 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製多孔膜 |
| JP2003320228A (ja) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-11 | Toray Ind Inc | 微多孔膜の製造方法および微多孔膜 |
| WO2004081109A1 (ja) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-09-23 | Kureha Chemical Industry Company Limited | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜およびその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4629563B1 (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1997-06-03 | Memtec North America | Asymmetric membranes |
| JPS6227006A (ja) * | 1985-07-27 | 1987-02-05 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 微孔性膜 |
| US5022990A (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1991-06-11 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Polyvinylidene fluoride porous membrane and a method for producing the same |
| US5514461A (en) * | 1993-10-05 | 1996-05-07 | Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Vinylidene fluoride porous membrane and method of preparing the same |
| KR100302209B1 (ko) * | 1999-04-27 | 2001-09-22 | 주덕영 | 순환연신법에 의한 고밀도 폴리에틸렌 중공사 분리막의 제조방법 및 그 장치 |
| ES2270976T3 (es) * | 2000-01-18 | 2007-04-16 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Metodo para la purificacion de agua por filtrado por membrana. |
| WO2003106545A1 (ja) * | 2002-06-14 | 2003-12-24 | 東レ株式会社 | 多孔質膜およびその製造方法 |
-
2006
- 2006-02-09 WO PCT/JP2006/302251 patent/WO2006087963A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2006-02-09 US US11/884,371 patent/US20090206035A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-09 CN CNB2006800049261A patent/CN100571852C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-09 JP JP2007503630A patent/JP4931796B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5891732A (ja) * | 1981-11-27 | 1983-05-31 | Teijin Ltd | ポリフツ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜及びその製法 |
| JPS5916503A (ja) * | 1982-07-20 | 1984-01-27 | Teijin Ltd | ポリフツ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔中空糸膜及びその製造方法 |
| JPH11152366A (ja) * | 1997-11-19 | 1999-06-08 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製多孔膜 |
| JP2003320228A (ja) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-11 | Toray Ind Inc | 微多孔膜の製造方法および微多孔膜 |
| WO2004081109A1 (ja) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-09-23 | Kureha Chemical Industry Company Limited | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜およびその製造方法 |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008117740A1 (ja) | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-02 | Kureha Corporation | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜およびその製造方法 |
| JP2009226338A (ja) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Kureha Corp | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜およびその製造方法 |
| WO2011007714A1 (ja) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-20 | 株式会社クレハ | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜、その製造方法およびろ過水の製造方法 |
| KR101362553B1 (ko) | 2009-07-14 | 2014-02-13 | 가부시끼가이샤 구레하 | 불화비닐리덴계 수지 다공막, 그의 제조 방법 및 여과수의 제조 방법 |
| JP5576866B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-14 | 2014-08-20 | 株式会社クレハ | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜の製造方法 |
| US9096957B2 (en) | 2009-07-14 | 2015-08-04 | Kureha Corporation | Vinylidene fluoride resin porous membrane, manufacturing method therefor, and method for manufacturing filtrate water |
| CN106861441A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-20 | 海南立昇净水科技实业有限公司 | 净水膜组件清洗方法及净水膜组件清洗装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2006087963A1 (ja) | 2008-07-03 |
| CN101119792A (zh) | 2008-02-06 |
| US20090206035A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| JP4931796B2 (ja) | 2012-05-16 |
| CN100571852C (zh) | 2009-12-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5339677B2 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔濾水膜およびその製造方法 | |
| KR101372056B1 (ko) | 불화비닐리덴계 수지 다공막 및 그 제조 방법 | |
| JP4885539B2 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜およびその製造方法 | |
| CA2433786C (en) | Hollow fiber membrane and method of producing the same | |
| WO2018174279A1 (ja) | 膜蒸留用多孔質膜及び膜蒸留用モジュールの運転方法 | |
| WO2007119850A1 (ja) | 高耐久性pvdf多孔質膜及びその製造方法、並びに、これを用いた洗浄方法及び濾過方法 | |
| JP5068168B2 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜 | |
| JPWO2008117740A1 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜およびその製造方法 | |
| US20120012521A1 (en) | Vinylidene fluoride resin hollow fiber porous membrane and process for producing same | |
| WO2007125709A1 (ja) | 低汚染性フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔水処理膜およびその製造方法 | |
| JP4987471B2 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔濾水膜およびその製造方法 | |
| JP4931796B2 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜、それを用いる水の濾過方法およびその製造方法 | |
| JPWO2015104871A1 (ja) | 多孔性中空糸膜及びその製造方法、並びに浄水方法 | |
| JP4269576B2 (ja) | 微多孔膜の製造方法 | |
| WO2007123004A1 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜およびその製造方法 | |
| WO2009119373A1 (ja) | 中空糸膜およびその製造方法 | |
| WO2007032331A1 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂中空糸多孔膜およびその製造方法 | |
| KR20230079041A (ko) | 나노 여과막 및 그 제조 방법 | |
| JP4832739B2 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜の製造方法 | |
| WO1998058728A1 (en) | Polyacrylonitrile-base hollow-fiber filtration membrane | |
| WO2011027878A1 (ja) | フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂多孔膜およびその製造方法 | |
| KR20070031330A (ko) | 불화비닐리덴계 수지 중공사 다공 수여과막 및 그의 제조방법 | |
| JP5894687B2 (ja) | 高透過性ポリアミド中空糸膜及びその製造方法 | |
| CN120022759A (zh) | 多孔性中空纤维膜及多孔性中空纤维膜的制造方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| DPE1 | Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007503630 Country of ref document: JP Ref document number: 200680004926.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11884371 Country of ref document: US |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 06713394 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 6713394 Country of ref document: EP |