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WO2006087569A2 - Composition antimicrobienne - Google Patents

Composition antimicrobienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006087569A2
WO2006087569A2 PCT/GB2006/000566 GB2006000566W WO2006087569A2 WO 2006087569 A2 WO2006087569 A2 WO 2006087569A2 GB 2006000566 W GB2006000566 W GB 2006000566W WO 2006087569 A2 WO2006087569 A2 WO 2006087569A2
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Prior art keywords
composition
extract
fraction
oil
composition according
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WO2006087569A3 (fr
Inventor
Mary Lloyd
David Munden
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BIO-LIFE MEDICARE Ltd
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BIO-LIFE MEDICARE Ltd
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Publication of WO2006087569A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006087569A2/fr
Publication of WO2006087569A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006087569A3/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/24—Lauraceae [Laurel family], e.g. laurel, avocado, sassafras, cinnamon or camphor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to- antimicrobial compositions, the use of the compositions to reduce or substantially eradicate microbial populations or inhibit their growth and the use of the compositions in the treatment of certain medical conditions.
  • Tarchonanthus camphoratus is also known as wild camphor tree, camphor bush, sage wood, wild cotton, wild sage wood, African fleebain and Leleshwa. It is a plant of the Compositae family that grows extensively in Southern and Eastern Africa. Pieces of wood or twigs from Tarchonanthus camphoratus as well as extracts thereof are known as insect repellents (John Mitchell Watt and Maria Gerdina Breyer-Brandwijk, The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa, E & S Livingstone Ltd., Edinburgh and London 1962, page 219- 220).
  • US 2003/0124165 Al and WO 03/055316 describe an insect repellant composition comprising an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus (or fractions of such extracts which are insect repellant) and a natural or synthetic triglyceride wherein the total amount of said extract and said triglyceride is an insect repellant active amount.
  • a method for enhancing the insect repellant activity of an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or an insect repellant fraction thereof is disclosed and a method for repelling insects is also described.
  • WO 94/09631 discloses the use of Tarchonanthus camphoratus parts and its derivatives in insect-repelling, anti-irritating, soothing, anti-oedema, decongesting formulations and compositions.
  • JP 57179105 A describes an insect repellant containing 1, 8-cineole as the active component.
  • the active component is found in large amounts in the essential oil of camphor trees.
  • the insect repellant contains a specified emulsifying agent and a specified liquid carrier or a solid carrier.
  • the insect repellant is stated to have a strong activity against wood boring insects.
  • JP 07109230 A discloses a skin external composition comprising ethanol, aqueous polyol and/or non-ionic surfactant, specified plant essential oil(s) and physically active substance(s) for improved skin permeability. There is no mention of leleshwa oil.
  • compositions consisting of specified amounts of leleshwa oil, Tween 80, water and optionally ethanol, were studied for their effects against a number of bacteria at various dilutions and compared to compositions comprising Tea tree oil. These compositions do not contain a solubilized leleshwa oil.
  • MRSA Metal Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
  • a number of antimicrobial compositions are available on the market, such as triclosan, tea tree oil, alcohol, Iodophors and PCMX/Chlorhexidine, but they can have deficiencies in terms of one or more of safety, efficacy, irritancy, toxicity or effect on skin condition. Furthermore, some of the known antimicrobials can encourage antibiotic resistance through their mode of action. In particular, triclosan and PCMX/Chlorhexidine act on bacterial reproduction and thus may encourage drug resistance.
  • antimicrobial compositions that are safe and effective and that can reduce and/or substantially eradicate microbe populations and/or overcome or reduce the deficiencies of available antimicrobial compositions.
  • the present invention relates to an antimicrobial composition
  • an antimicrobial composition comprising an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof and at least one solubilizer, wherein the extract is solubilized in water.
  • the present invention relates to an antimicrobial composition
  • an antimicrobial composition comprising: an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof in an amount of greater than 0.25 wt%; and at least two different solubilizers.
  • the invention relates to a cosmetic or cleaning product comprising an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof in an amount of greater than 0.25 wt%; and at least two different solubilizers.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a composition or cosmetic or cleaning product comprising an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof and at least two different solubilizers to reduce, substantially eradicate, or inhibit the growth of microbial populations ex vivo.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof in an amount of greater than 0.25 wt% and at least two different solubilizers in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or alleviation of a wound or infection.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a mixture of two or more different solubilizers to enhance the antimicrobial activity of an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof.
  • the present invention relates to the use of phytic acid or a derivative thereof to enhance the level and/or the rate of Mil of microbials such as antibiotic resistant bacteria by a composition
  • a composition comprising an essential oil which comprises terpene, phenolic or ketone compounds.
  • the essential oils comprising or rich in terpene, phenolic or ketone compounds are preferably Tarchonanathus camphoratus, Leptospermum scoparium and Kunzea ericoides.
  • the level and rate of kill may be as defined herein. Preferably, the level of kill is greater than 99.99% of the microbial population, preferably achieved in 15 seconds.
  • the composition may additionally comprise any of the components defined herein, alone or in combination.
  • the pH of the composition is preferably from 4.5 to 6.5 or as defined herein. In one embodiment, the pH is adjusted by the addition of one or more citrus liquid extracts and/or kanuka essential oil i.e., the composition additionally comprises these components.
  • the present invention relates to a method for reducing, substantially eradicating or inhibiting the growth of ex vivo microbial populations comprising the step of providing near to or onto the population a composition or cosmetic or cleaning product comprising an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof and at least two different solubilizers.
  • the present invention relates to a method for treating and/or alleviating a wound or infection comprising the step of administering to the wound or infection a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof in an amount of greater than 0.25 wt% and at least two different solubilizers.
  • the present invention relates to a method of enhancing the antimicrobial activity of an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof comprising the step of combining the extract or fraction thereof with a mixture of two or more different solubilizers.
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that the antimicrobial properties of Tarchonanthus camphoratus extracts are negligible if the extract is used in the form of a pure essential oil, i.e., in the absence of added components such as solvents and cosmetic or pharmaceutical additives, or is in an emulsion form. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that in an emulsion the extract is dissolved in the oily phase and is not available to kill microbes that tend to reside in the aqueous phase of an emulsion.
  • the present inventors have also found that the bacterial kill rate measured both in the airborne load and by surface swab exceeds 90% if Tarchonanthus camphoratus extracts are applied in the form of a composition according to the present invention, in particular as a solution with a blend of solubilizers in an aqueous system.
  • the composition comprises an effective amount of the extract and at least one solubilizer, as defined herein, wherein the extract is preferably solubilized in water. It is preferred that the at least one solubilizer comprises a blend of two or more different solubilizers as defined herein.
  • the Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract is solubilized such that it has a solubility in water of at least O.Olg of extract per 100cm 3 of water at 25°C, more preferably at least lg/100cm 3 , most preferably at least lOg/lOOcm 3 .
  • at least 10 % by weight of the Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract is solubilized, more preferably at least 40% by weight, most preferably at least 80% by weight of the extract is solubilized.
  • water as used above with regard to solubilization is not intended to be limited to pure water and includes an aqueous solution in which water is preferably the main constituent, i.e., in which water is preferably present in an amount of at least 10 wt.% preferably at least 20 wt.%, more preferably at least 30 wt.%.
  • water is preferably present in an amount of at least 10 wt.% preferably at least 20 wt.%, more preferably at least 30 wt.%.
  • other components may also be present in the water or aqueous solution.
  • the present invention is based, at least in part, on the surprising finding that the antimicrobial properties of extracts of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or fractions thereof can be synergistically enhanced by the solubilization of the extract in water, preferably by the use of a mixture or blend of solubilizers and optionally a glycol, such as, for example, methylpropanediol.
  • microbial as used herein is intended to include microbes or microorganisms, such as, bacteria, yeast, fungi and viruses.
  • the antimicrobial composition can reduce or substantially eradicate microbial populations (i.e., the microbial kill is greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, more preferably greater than 99%, most preferably greater than 99.99% of the microbial population) or inhibit the growth of microbial populations for a broad spectrum of microbes and/or can alleviate, treat or eradicate medical conditions, which may be caused by a broad spectrum of microbes, or in which a broad spectrum of microbes may be implicated in their cause.
  • the microbial kill is greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, more preferably greater than 99%, most preferably greater than 99.99% of the microbial population
  • the composition of the invention can substantially inhibit the growth of microbials and has a good residual activity.
  • substantially it is intended to mean that the rate of growth of the microbes is less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, most preferably less than 1%, particularly preferably 0% of the population per hour. It is particularly preferred that the rate of growth of the microbial population is inhibited over a time period of 1 minute, preferably 1 hour, more preferably 48 hours.
  • the compositions according to the invention may kill or destroy greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, more preferably greater than 99%, most preferably greater than 99.99% of a broad range of microbials within 5 minutes, preferably 1 minute, more preferably 30 seconds, most preferably 15 seconds, and the antimicrobial effect of a single application of the composition may last up to 12 hours, preferably 24 hours, more preferably 48 hours.
  • compositions of the present invention may achieve this but without the side effects, i.e. skin damage and allergic reactions, associated with Isopropanol alcohol. Nurses, ambulancemen and care workers in the NHS report the same side effects of alcohol gels: excessive drying of the skin followed by frequent bouts of atopic de ⁇ natitis. The same applies to veterinary surgeons, veterinary nurses, groomers and animal rescue centre workers. It is preferred that the compositions of the present invention comprise less than 60% Isopropanol alcohol.
  • the amount of alcohol (such as ethanol or isopropanol) comprised in the composition is less than 10 wt.%, preferably less than 5 wt.%, more preferably less than 2 wt.%. It is preferred that the compositions of the invention are not alcohol based (i.e., alcohol, such as ethanol, comprises less than 20 wt.% of the composition).
  • compositions of the invention are active against a broad spectrum of bacteria and/or fungi including, for example, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Coliforms, Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Enterococcus sp, Other Pseudomonas sp, Anaerobic cocci, Melissia luteus, Streptococcus sp, Proteus sp and Bacteroides sp.
  • bacteria and/or fungi including, for example, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Coliforms, Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Enterococcus sp, Other Pseudomonas sp, Anaerobic cocci,
  • compositions according to the invention can include: broad spectrum anti-microbial activity and/or immediate and good residual activity and/or non toxic and non-irritant and/or non-allergenic in allergen hypersensitive or atopic individuals and/or a residual effect which may prevent re-infection for up to 8 hours and/or no sting even on open wounds and/or aiding healing, soothing and/or calming; and /or conditioning or moisturising of the skin and non-drying even with frequent use; and/or improved control of infections and/or a means for alleviating the effects of infection from both antibiotic resistant and other common potential pathogens in the hospital environment, the veterinary surgery and in the home; and/or a means for the problem skin sufferer to alleviate and/or treat the symptoms of common sldn conditions such as, for example, acne, eczema, dermatitis, psoriasis and thrush without the need for prescription drugs.
  • common sldn conditions such as, for example, acne, eczema
  • phytic acid and/or one or more citrus liquid extract, and/or manuka oil and/or kanuka oil can reduce the likelihood that any single new strain will become resistant to the formula since it contains a range of actives in the form of terpineols, ketones, phenols and limonenes.
  • the activity of the compositions according to the present invention may also be substantially unaffected by the presence of organic material, such as, for example, blood or faeces.
  • the compositions can minimise the opportunity for the microbial population to mutate and resist subsequent applications of the compositions.
  • compositions according to the invention may operate by destroying the cell wall, cytoplasm, prions or the nucleotides of micro-organisms so as to provide no opportunity for genetic selection and the breeding of resistance to the compositions.
  • compositions of the invention are broad spectrum antimicrobials, i.e., that they are effective against over 90% of the most common bacteria, fungi, yeast or viruses.
  • the present invention may therefore meet the need for alternatives to contain antibiotic resistant bacteria and the threat to human and animal life that they represent which is precipitating a healthcare crisis across the globe.
  • the compositions may be available "over-the-counter” and so avoid or reduce the need for expensive prescription drugs to treat medical conditions caused, or thought to be caused, by microbes.
  • Extracts suitable for use in the present invention can be obtained by any of the methods known in the art. Suitable extraction methods include steam distillation, maceration, cold pressing, or solvent extraction (using, for example, hydrocarbons, preferably containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alcohols, preferably containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or carbon dioxide in the liquid or supercritical state as the solvent).
  • a preferred extract is leleshwa essential oil.
  • the extract or fraction thereof is solubilized in water.
  • Fractions of the extracts contain one or more, preferably two or more, of the component or components of the extracts which exhibit antimicrobial activity.
  • the extracts or fractions thereof can be provided by combining or mixing together one or more of the individual chemical compounds present in the naturally occurring shrub or parts thereof (the compounds being synthesised in the laboratory according to the methods known in the art or purchased from a commercial supplier such as Sigma-Aldricli) without the need to perform any extraction from the naturally occurring shrub or parts thereof.
  • extracts obtained using the above methods may be used to produce the compositions of the present invention and in the uses of the present invention.
  • fractions of the extracts obtained using the above methods may be used in the present invention providing that they can have an antimicrobial effect alone or in combination with the mixture of solubilizers.
  • the source of the Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract is typically the leaves (fresh or dried) or their derivatives from the Tarchonanthus camphoratus shrub such as can be found in parts of Kenya.
  • the roots, branches, wood and bark of Tarchonanthus camphoratus either fresh, dried, soaked, extracted or in the form of an essential oil can also provide suitable extracts (or a fraction thereof).
  • the extracts of Tarchonanthus camphoratus leaves generally comprise the following components: alpha-pinene, camphene, beta-pinene, delta-2-carene, alpha-phellandrene, limonene, gamma-terpinene, terpinolene, 1,8-cineole, fenchol, l-terpinen-4-ol, alpha-te ⁇ ineol, fenchone, trans-caryiophyllene, bergamotene, delta-cadinene, and alpha-curcumeme.
  • Extracts can be obtained and these include, for example, aqueous, glycolic, alcoholic, hydroalcoholic, soft and dried extracts, and preferably, the essential oils.
  • essential oil extracted by steam distillation from Tarchonanthus camphoratus has been shown (by the inventors) to comprise the following components (% amounts by weight): alpha pinene (21.1%), cineol (12.2%), fenchol (11.1%), alpha terpineol (10.3%), camphene (8%), delta 2 carene (4%), limonene (2.6%), boreal (0.9%).
  • the extract is in the form of an essential oil extracted from the leaves of Tarchonanthus camphoratus.
  • the essential oil is leleshwa oil.
  • the extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus (or a fraction thereof) is present in the compositions of the invention in an effective amount i.e., sufficient to provide an antimicrobial effect.
  • the extract or fraction thereof is present in the compositions of the invention in an amount of from 0.05 to 90 wt%, preferably from 0.5 to 50 wt%, more preferably from 6 to 20 wt%.
  • a particularly preferred amount of the extract or fraction thereof is from 2 to 10 wt%.
  • the antimicrobial compositions of the invention can contain fractions of an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus. However, the fraction should be antimicrobial in the sense that it has some antimicrobial activity or is able to be activated by a mixture of solubilizers to provide effective antimicrobial compositions.
  • the antimicrobial compositions of the invention can be applied to mammals such as humans, and animals, which are either mammals or non-mammals.
  • the antimicrobial performance of the composition is such that the levels of active ingredients can be maintained at levels which do not harm the subject, such as a human or animal (including cats, dogs, horses, rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, goats, pigs, cows and sheep) to which it is applied and which are cost- effective.
  • a human or animal including cats, dogs, horses, rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, goats, pigs, cows and sheep
  • solvent as used herein is intended to include surface-active agents (or surfactants).
  • the term “solubilizer” does not include co- solvents, such as alcohols, or complexation agents, synthetic or natural triglycerides, or eicosene copolymers.
  • solubilization of the extract can be defined as the point at which the solution containing the extract is substantially clear (i.e., translucent or transparent).
  • solubilization it is intended to mean that the ratio of incident to transmitted light or luminous flux through 5cm of solution is from 1: 0.5, preferably 1 :0.6, more preferably 1 : greater than 0.8, most preferably from 1 : 0.9.
  • the solubilizer it is not essential for the solubilizer to have any anti-microbial activity, although this possibility is not excluded.
  • the mixture of at least two different solubilizers preferably improves the antimicrobial activity of the extract of Tarchonanihus camphoratiis or fraction thereof compared to a composition that does not contain the two or more solubilizers. It is also preferred that the solubilizers are substantially non-toxic and can be safely used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.
  • compositions of the invention Suitable examples of a solubilizer for forming the compositions of the invention are defined below.
  • Solubilizers can be non-ionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric.
  • the solubilizers can be selected from one or more of these groups.
  • the solubilizer is selected such that it does not inhibit the antimicrobial activity of the extract or a solution thereof.
  • the mixture of solubilizers is a mixture of two or more different non-ionic surface-active agents.
  • the HLB value of the non-ionic surface active agent or surfactant is preferably from 10 to 20, more preferably from 14 to 16 or 15 to 17.
  • solubilizer(s) for use in the compositions of the present invention are preferably not Polysorbates.
  • non-ionic surface- active agents include monofatty acid esters (where the fatty acid is a straight chain saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms) of polyols (preferably having from two to six hydroxyl groups), such as sorbitan monostearate, or various ethylene oxide addition compounds, such as polyoxyethylated castor oil, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, the reaction products of ethylene oxide and propylene oxides in various ratios with lanolin and lanolin products, or hydroxyalkylether-oxethylates as described in GB 1,601,983.
  • monofatty acid esters where the fatty acid is a straight chain saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms
  • polyols preferably having from two to six hydroxyl groups
  • ethylene oxide addition compounds such as polyoxyethylated castor oil, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, the reaction products of ethylene oxide and propylene oxides in various ratios with
  • polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene ethers such as with C 1 O to C 30 straight chain carboxylic acids, for example, laureth-4, oleth-2, steareth-10, ceteareth-15 and PPG-Il stearyl ether, polyethylene glycol esters, such as PEG-4 oleate, PEG-12 stearate and PEG-8 laurate, alkyl phenol ethoxylates, such as nonoxynol-4 and octoxynol-9, glyceryl esters, such as glyceryl stearate and PEG-I OO-stearate.
  • the first solubilizer can be a reaction product of ethylene oxide with certain fatty acids, such as those specified in US 4,366,151.
  • the at least two different solubilizers according to the present invention can be mixed, blended or combined together before or after incorporation into the composition.
  • compositions of the present invention may comprise, for example, two to five different solubilizers, more preferably, two to four different solubilizers.
  • the composition comprises a first solubilizer and a second solubilizer, optionally with further solubilizers.
  • the first and the second solubilizers are both non-ionic surfactants.
  • the first solubilizer is an ethoxylated natural oil or fat and the second solubiliser comprises or consists of a polyoxyethylene or polyoxypropylene ether.
  • the oil may be selected from, for example, castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil, almond oil and olive oil.
  • the oil is castor oil.
  • a suitable example of a fat is lanolin.
  • Other suitable solubilizers include polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene ethers.
  • At least one of the solubilizers in the blend is a derivatized oil.
  • the derivatized oil is a polyethyleneglycol adduct of a hydrogenated castor oil.
  • the first solubilizer is a reaction product of castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil or sorbitan esters with ethylene oxide (otherwise known as sorbitan ester ethoxylates).
  • the first solubilizer is a reaction product of castor oil or hydrogenated castor oil with ethylene oxide, such as, for example, PEG-9, PEG-30, PEG-40, PEG-60 and PEG-200 castor oil and PEG-16, PEG-25, PEG-40, PEG-50 and PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil.
  • PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil is available commercially under names such as, for example, Cremophor CO 40, Cremophor CO 410, Cremophor CO 455, Cremophor RH 40 from BASF and PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil is available commercially under the name Cremophor CO 60 from BASF, for example.
  • the first solubilizer is PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil and the second solubilizer is a different non-ionic surfactant.
  • Cremophor EL is a non-ionic solubilizer obtained by causing ethylene oxide to react with castor oil, preferably of German Pharmacopoeia (DAB 8) quality, in a molar ratio of 35 moles to 1 mole.
  • DAB 8 German Pharmacopoeia
  • the second solubilizer may be selected from the above list for the first solubilizer provided that it is different from the first solubilizer.
  • the second solubilizer is a non-ionic surfactant.
  • the second solubilizer is selected from polyethylene or polypropylene glycols comprising monobutyl ether, otherwise classified as oxirane, methyl polymer with oxirane, monobutyl ether, which can be obtained commercially.
  • Preferred examples of such polymers include: PPG-12-Buteth-9, PPG-15-Buteth-20, PPG-2-Buteth-3, PPG-20-Buteth-30, PPG-24-Buteth-27, PPG- 26-Buteth-26, PPG-28-PPG-Buteth-35, PPG-3-Buteth-5, PPG-33-Buteth-45, PPG- 5-Buteth-7, PPG-7-Buteth-10 and PPG-9-Buteth-12.
  • the second solubilizer is PPG-26-Buteth-26 and the first solubilizer is a different non-ionic surfactant.
  • the first solubilizer is PEG-40 Hydrogenated castor oil and the second solubilizer is PPG-26-Buteth-26. This gives an acceptable solution at a weight ratio of solubilizer to extract of 2:1.
  • the first solubilizer is PEG-40 Hydrogenated castor oil and the second solubilizer is a trideceth, such as, for example, Trideceth-9 (PEG-6 tridecyl alcohol).
  • Trideceth-9 PEG-6 tridecyl alcohol
  • the clarity can be improved by adding a polyol such as, for example, methyl propanediol.
  • a polyol such as, for example, methyl propanediol.
  • the addition of the polyol can also improve the antimicrobial activity.
  • the first and second solubilizer where these are PEG-40 Hydrogenated castor oil and PPG-26-Buteth-26 respectively, may be obtained commercially as preformed mixtures, for example, under the trade names Solubilisant LRI and Resassol® VS and Resassol ® VH.
  • the solubilizer or solubilizers are typically present in the composition in a total amount of 1 to 90 wt%, preferably 1 to 50 wt%, more preferably 1 to 20 wt%.
  • a particularly preferred amount of the solubilizer(s) is 2 to 10 wt%.
  • the first and second solubilizer are each present in the composition in an amount of 1 to 5 wt%.
  • the weight ratio of solubilizer or solubilizers to Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract or a fraction thereof is preferably about 10:1, more preferably about 5:1, most preferably about 2:1.
  • the weight ratio of solubilizer(s) to extract is in the range of from about 3:1 to 1:3, more preferably from about 2:1 to 1 :2, most preferably from about 2 : 1 to 1 : 1.
  • compositions of the present invention comprising a Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract or a fraction thereof in the presence of at least two different solubilizers can achieve a kill rate of > 90%, preferably > 95%, most preferably > 97% against microbes selected from, for example, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus spp or E. CoIi.
  • the composition comprising the at least two different solubilizers is substantially clear (i.e., translucent or transparent) and the composition is stable i.e., the micro-emulsions of the Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract remain stable for a substantial period of time, such as longer than 1 week, more preferably longer than 1 month.
  • the composition preferably further comprises a compound that can enhance the antimicrobial activity of the extract. It is preferred that the enhancer is a natural compound.
  • the natural enhancer is a polyol.
  • the polyol can be considered to function as a solvent and enhance the penetration of certain ingredients into the skin.
  • the polyol can be considered to improve and facilitate solubilization of the Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract or a fraction thereof.
  • the amount of polyol present in the composition is from 1 to 50 wt%, preferably from 1 to 20 wt%. A particularly preferred amount is from 2 to 10 wt%.
  • polyols contain from 3 to 12 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, such as glycerine, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, methylpropanediol (1,2- methylpropanediol), hexylene glycol, sorbitol and diols such as 1,2-octanediol, 1,2-hexanediol and 1,2-cyclohexanediol.
  • the polyols may be obtained commercially.
  • the polyol is methylpropanediol.
  • Methylpropanediol has been found to be particularly effective in increasing the spectrum of antimicrobial activity of Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract or a fraction thereof, preferably in the presence of at least two different solubilizers.
  • the antimicrobial composition according to any of the above aspects of the invention comprises phytic acid (Chemical formula: C 6 H 1S O 24 P 6 ) or a derivative thereof in a composition according to any aspect of the invention as defined above.
  • Suitable derivatives of phytic acid include metal salts, such as salts comprising alkali metals, for example sodium or potassium, or alkaline earth metals, for example calcium and magnesium, or ammonium ions.
  • metal salts such as salts comprising alkali metals, for example sodium or potassium, or alkaline earth metals, for example calcium and magnesium, or ammonium ions.
  • One or more than one, such as two, three, four, five or six, of the dihydrogenphosphate groups of phytic acid may be in the salt form.
  • the amount of phytic acid or derivative thereof in the composition is preferably from 0.01 to 20 wt.% of the total composition, more preferably from 0.05 to 10 wt. % of the composition, most preferably from 0.1 to 5 wt.% of the composition. In one embodiment, the phytic acid or derivative thereof is present in the composition in an amount of 0.08 to 2 wt.%.
  • Phytic acid is a vegetable lecithin that is a reserve substance of green plants and the principal store of phosphate. Phytic acid is also known as Inositol-phosphate. Phytic acid is found in most grains, seeds and beans with the richest source being wheat bran and flaxseed (3%). It can be obtained commercially from, for example Sigma-Aldrich.
  • Phytic acid has been considered as an anti-nutritional component in cereals and beans. However, recent research has shown that it has many health properties in humans with antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and hypocholesterolemic effects.
  • the present invention relates to the finding that phytic acid or a derivative thereof can be combined with essential oils comprising or rich in terpene, phenolic or ketone compounds (e.g. Tarchonanathus camphor atus, Leptospermum scoparium, Kunzea ericoides) such that the antimicrobial properties of the formulation can be significantly enhanced both in terms of the level of kill of, for example, antibiotic resistant bacteria and/or in terms of the rate of kill.
  • phytic acid can be particularly effective in enhancing the antimicrobial properties of the above essential oils when the pH of a composition according to the invention is as defined herein, such as from 4.5 to 6.5, more preferably from 5.0 to 5.5.
  • the pH is adjusted by the addition of one or more citrus liquid extract and/or kanuka essential oil i.e., the composition additionally comprises these components.
  • the level and rate of microbial kill of a composition of the invention further comprising phytic acid and preferably having a pH of from 4.5 to 6.5, more preferably from 5.0 to 5.5, can be greater than 99.99% of the microbial population and this can be achieved in preferably 30 seconds, more preferably 15 seconds.
  • the pH of the composition is controlled, preferably when the composition comprises phytic acid or a derivative thereof. It has been found that controlling the pH of the composition such that it is below 7 can improve the antimicrobial effectiveness of the composition in term of the level of microbial kill and/or the rate of kill.
  • a composition according to the invention having a pH in the range of from 4.5 to 6.5 can be a more effective antimicrobial.
  • the pH of the compositions is adjusted or controlled.
  • the pH of the composition can be adjusted using an acid or base depending upon the initial pH of the composition. Any of the acids or bases commonly used in, for example, cosmetic compositions can be used to control the pH of the composition.
  • the pH of the composition is preferably less than 7, most preferably less than 6.
  • the pH of the composition is from 4 to 6.5, more preferably 4.5 to 6.5, still more preferably 4.8 to 6.5, most preferably 5.0 to 6.0.
  • it is preferred that the pH of the composition is from 5.0 to 5.5.
  • the pH is preferably adjusted by the addition of one or more citrus liquid extract and/or Kanuka EO.
  • the composition as defined in any of the aspects of the invention set out above, comprises one or more citrus liquid extract.
  • citrus liquid extract it is intended to mean the liquid that is extractable from the seeds, pulp or flesh of citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons or tangerines or mixtures thereof.
  • suitable citrus liquid extracts are those obtained, for example, as the liquid extracted, preferably by cool press, from the seeds, pulp or flesh of the species such as Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) or Citrus limon (Lemons) or Citrus reticulata (Tangerine) and mixtures thereof.
  • Citrus liquid extracts can effect a complete kill of gram+ bacterium, yeast and fungi.
  • the extracts when used alone need to be used in amounts likely to effect allergic reactions in allergen hypersensitive or atopic patients.
  • the compositions of the invention can avoid such side-effects.
  • Suitable citrus liquid extract can be obtained commercially from, for example, Canadian Phytochemicals Corporation.
  • the citrus liquid extract is not a grapefruit extract.
  • the citrus liquid extract is from bitter orange such as that found in Canada and/or Mexico.
  • the antimicrobial composition comprises one or more citrus liquid extract in an amount of 0.01 to 30 wt.%, more preferably 0.05 to 15 wt.%, most preferably 1.0 to 5 wt.%. It is preferred that the level of citrus extracts is used in an amount that does not cause allergic reactions.
  • the addition of citrus liquid extract can be used to maintain the pH at a desired level.
  • the pH of the composition comprising a citrus liquid extract is from 4.5 to 6.5, more preferably from 5.0 to 5.5. It has additionally been found that the citrus liquid extract can help to activate the terpene, ketonic and phenolic acids in essential oils such as, for example, Tarchonanathus camphoratus, Leptospermum scoparium, Kunzea ericoides quickly i.e., so that the composition can effectively kill more microbials within 15 seconds as opposed to 1 minute. Furthermore, the citrus liquid extract at the lower level continues to demonstrate an additive effect on the antimicrobial properties of the formulation.
  • the composition as defined in any aspect of the invention set out above, comprises manuka oil (also known as Leptospermum scoparium oil).
  • the manuka oil is obtained from plants found on the East Cape of New Zealand where a variety of the plant rich in Tiketone grows (East Cape Chemotype Manuka Oils).
  • Manuka oil is preferably extracted by, for example, pure steam distillation using freshly chopped plant material (all components) from Leptospermum scoparium.
  • Some of the active ingredients in Manuka oil include Tiketone, Flaveson, Isoleptospermone and Leptospermone
  • Manuka oil is a ketone rich essential oil. It has been found that including manuka oil in the compositions of the invention can increase significantly the level and rate of kill of microbials such as antibiotic resistant MRSA within the 15 to 30 second timeframe required under the BS EN 1997 regulations. Manuka oil can compliment the predominantly terpene based Tarchonanathus camphoratas essential oil and can be effective at a level that does not induce allergenic reactions or sensitisation of the patient. Manuka oil can, therefore, be used to enhance the antimicrobial effectiveness, as defined herein, of Tarchonanathus camphoratxxs or extracts thereof. Suitable manuka oil can be obtained commercially from, for example, Tairawhiti Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
  • the amount of manuka oil in the composition is preferably from 0.01 to 20 wt.% of the total composition, more preferably from 0.05 to 10 wt.% of the composition, most preferably from 0.1 to 5 wt.% of the composition. In one embodiment, the manuka oil is present in the composition in an amount of 0.1 to 1 wt.%.
  • the composition as defined in any of the above aspects comprises kanuka oil (also known as Kunzea ericoides Oil).
  • Kanuka oil can be obtained from the plants indigenous to the East Cape of New Zealand.
  • Kanuka oil can be extracted from freshly chopped plant material (all components) of Kunzea ericoides by, for example, steam distillation.
  • Particular actives included in Kunzea ericoides include alpha-Pinene, alpha-Terpinene, Limonene, gamma-Terpinene and Leptospermone.
  • kanuka oil is incorporated at a very low level in the composition (for example, less than 1 wt.% of the total compositon). It has been found that kanuka oil can enhance the performance of the composition comprising Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof and at least one solubilizer, in terms of the spectrum and level of microbial kill as defined herein without any or reduced undesirable side-effects. Suitable kanuka oil can be obtained commercially from, for example, Barrier Gold Natural Kanuka Products Ltd.
  • the sol ⁇ bilisant technology can enable effective levels of actives to be present in the aqueous phase, which can assist the activation of the essential oils. It has been found that Kanuka oil can also be used to maintain the pH of the composition at the levels advantageous for Tarchonanthus camphoratus and/or manuka oil to provide an effective level and rate of kill of microbials. In addition, kanuka oil can be used to keep the amounts of citrus extract below the allergenic/patient sensitisation level.
  • the antimicrobial composition further comprises the essential oils ketonic manuka and/or kanuka as well as leleshwa oil.
  • the amount of kanuka oil in the composition is preferably from 0.01 to 20 wt.% of the total composition, more preferably from 0.05 to 10 wt.% of the composition, most preferably from 0.1 to 5 wt.% of the composition. In one embodiment, the kanuka oil is present in the composition in an amount of 0.1 to 1 wt.%.
  • the composition comprises: an extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus or a fraction thereof and at least one solubilizer; phytic acid or a derivative thereof, and/or one or more citrus liquid extract and/or optionally manuka oil, and/or kanuka oil.
  • the pH of the composition is preferably 4.5 to 6.5, more preferably 5.0 to 6.0, most preferably 5.0 to 5.5.
  • the antimicrobial properties of the composition in terms of the level and rate of microbial kill are particularly advantageous when the pH is of the composition is adjusted, preferably by the addition of one or more citrus liquid extract and/or kanuka oil.
  • the rate of kill that can be achieved by, for example, the hand gel according to this aspect of the invention against MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) can be within the prescribed limits to register as a biocidal suitable for use in hospitals and medical centres (i.e., the product can achieve a 99.999% kill, similar to that of the only current competitor in the form of 60% Isopropanol alcohol, within 30 seconds and preferably 15 seconds).
  • compositions according to the invention can be comparable to the industry standard but the skin can be moisturised and conditioned rather than dehydrated by alcohol.
  • the composition of the invention may not evoke allergic reactions in allergen hypersensitive or atopic individuals.
  • phytic acid and/or one or more citrus liquid extract, and/or manuka oil and/or kanuka oil can have a residual effect which may prevent re-infection for up to 8 hours. This can offer greater patient safety if hospital staff are working under pressure or there is a very high level of contamination in the institution concerned.
  • phytic acid and/or one or more citrus liquid extract, and/or manuka oil and/or kanuka oil can reduce the likelihood that any single new strain will become resistant to the formula since it contains a range of actives in the form of the terpineols, ketones, phenols and limonenes.
  • the composition comprises a further antimicrobial agent.
  • the further antimicrobial agent may be any of the known antimicrobial agents, such as, for example, quaternary ammonium compounds.
  • the further antimicrobial agent may comprise one or more known antimicrobial agents. It is preferred that antimicrobial agents with deficiencies (such as toxicity to humans and/or animals) are not included in the compositions of the invention.
  • the further antimicrobial composition is non-toxic to humans and/or animals.
  • a suitable antimicrobial agent may be that synthesized from the polyphenols compounds found in the seeds and pulp of grapefruit. Such extracts may be obtained commercially, for example, under the trade name Citricidal ®.
  • compositions according to the invention may also comprise any of the preservatives commonly used in the art.
  • citrus liquid extracts as defined herein and/or methylpropanediol increases significantly the range of organisms that may be controlled such that over 99% of all organisms in agar test plates are destroyed by the composition of the invention.
  • compositions of the present invention may be prepared by mixing together all of the components at the same time, optionally using equipment commonly used in the art for preparing cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions. Alternatively, each of the components may be added sequentially and in any order. However, it is preferred that the mixture of solubilizers is prepared and this is then combined with the Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract or a fraction thereof separately before adding to or combining with the remaining components.
  • composition of the invention may be in the form of a concentrate for dilution, using for example water, or in the form of a diluted aqueous composition.
  • composition of the invention may be provided in the form of a kit of parts with, for example, the Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract or a fraction thereof packaged separately from the remaining components of the composition.
  • the composition is an aqueous composition comprising water in an amount of from 1 to 99 wt%, preferably 5 to 70 wt%.
  • the composition is in the form of a solution or liquid, not a paste.
  • the liquid or solution may have a range of viscosities. However, it is preferred that the viscosity is such that the solution is suitable for spraying.
  • the composition may be in the form of a gel, cream or lotion.
  • the total amount of extract, solubilizer and/or phytic acid or a derivative thereof, and/or manuka oil and/or kanuka oil and/or citrus liquid extract and/or enhancer and/or preservative is preferably sufficient to provide an antimicrobial activity for a broad spectrum of microbes.
  • the activity is maintained for antibiotic resistant strains of microbes and the compositions preferably provide synergistic therapeutic effects in the treatment and/or alleviation, or prevention of recurrent skin conditions.
  • the amounts of solubilizers, natural enhancer and/or preservative and/or phytic acid or a derivative thereof, and/or manuka oil and/or kanuka oil and/or citrus liquid extract is such that they synergistically and with statistical significance (p-value ⁇ 0.05) enhance the antimicrobial and therapeutic activity of a Tarchonanthus camphoratus extract or a fraction thereof compared to a composition in which these components are not present in required amounts.
  • Enhancement as used herein can mean:
  • compositions according to the invention that are preferably deemed suitable for frequent use with or without prescription or medical professional supervision.
  • the antimicrobial composition is in the form of an aqueous system further comprising phytic acid or a derivative thereof, and/or manuka oil and/or kanuka oil and/or citrus liquid extract and/or a natural enhancer and/or a preservative and optionally the purified and diluted extract obtainable by grinding grapefruit seeds and flesh membrane.
  • the total amount of extract, solubilizer and phytic acid or a derivative thereof, and/or manuka oil and/or kanuka oil and/or citrus liquid extract enhancer and/or preservative is preferably sufficient to provide antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of microbes.
  • the composition is a pharmaceutical composition for topical administration.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may additionally comprise pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, such as water or alcohol, as well as other compounds used in the formulation of pharmaceutical compositions.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carriers such as water or alcohol
  • the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a cream, oil or ointment for topical administration.
  • the pharmaceutical composition typically comprises a therapeutically effective amount of the composition according to the invention.
  • composition according to the invention is formulated in a product that can deliver antimicrobial activity.
  • a product that can deliver antimicrobial activity.
  • Such products can be cleaning products (either industrial or for home use) or cosmetic products intended, for example, for personal use in the home or in hospitals.
  • These products may contain any of the additional components that are used in the formulation of cleaning and/or cosmetic products, such as, for example, anionic, amphoteric, cationic or non-ionic surfactants, foaming agents, stabilisers, emulsifiers, humectants, oils, preservatives, fragrances, perfumes such as citronellol, thickeners, gelling agents, such as Xanthan gum, colouring agents, aerosols, substrates, pH adjusting agents or active ingredients such as vitamins and proteins.
  • additional components such as, for example, anionic, amphoteric, cationic or non-ionic surfactants, foaming agents, stabilisers, emulsifiers, humectants, oils, preservatives, fragrances, perfumes such as citronellol, thickeners, gelling agents, such as Xanthan gum, colouring agents, aerosols, substrates, pH adjusting agents or active ingredients such as vitamins and proteins.
  • the additional components are present in the compositions in an amount of from 0.001 to 99 wt%, preferably from 0.01 to 50 wt%, more preferably from 0.01 to 20 wt%, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 10 wt%.
  • the cleaning products can be used to control the spread or growth of microbes on surfaces such as floors, walls and surfaces for the preparation of food such as tables and worktops.
  • the cosmetic product can be a product intended for personal cleansing of the hair and/or skin, such as soap, shampoo, or a liquid hand gel.
  • the composition of the invention or the cleaning and/or cosmetic products preferably comprise an additional surfactant, such as an anionic, amphoteric or cationic surfactant in an amount of from 0.1 to 70 wt%, preferably from 1 to 50 wt%, more preferably from 5 to 30 wt%, most preferably from 10 to 20 wt.%.
  • the amount is a cleansing or foaming amount.
  • the composition as defined in any of the aspects herein comprises one or more anionic and/or cationic surfactants or a mixture thereof.
  • the composition comprises one anionic or cationic surfactant or a mixture thereof.
  • the cationic or anionic surfactant may be any of those known to the skilled person.
  • Anionic and/or cationic surfactants can be advantageous.
  • bacteria are either gram positive or negative and the inclusion of anionic and cationic surfactants can help bind a solution to the bacterial wall and hence accelerate degradation and/or microbial kill.
  • the cosmetic product is selected from: a liquid soap; a wet wipe; a shampoo and/or conditioner; a facial cleanser; a bath oil or foam; a shower gel; a body lotion; a pure essence; a hand gel; an aerosol air spray; and an antiseptic spray for topical, oral or buccal administration.
  • compositions according to the present invention are: skin gels, creams, lotions, or liquids wherein the total amount of Tarchonanihus carnphoratus extract or a fraction thereof, methylpropanediol and solubilizer blend are each within the range of from 1 to 20 wt%, preferably from 2 to 10 wt%.
  • formulations according to the present invention may additionally comprise an effective amount of aerosol carrier or wet wipe diluent.
  • the cosmetic or cleaning products according to the present invention may be packaged.
  • the packaging may include, for example, tubes, constructed from flexible metal or plastic, with screw or snap fitting caps, variously shaped containers with caps, such as screw caps, or snap fittings, or the packaging may be plastic wrapping.
  • the containers may contain hand-operated pumps, for dispensing creams, gels or sprays.
  • the containers may be constructed from any of the plastics normally used, such as, for example, polyurethanes or high-density polyethylene.
  • the products may be packaged in jars that are, for example, glass.
  • Other packaging may include sealed canisters with nozzles, for foams or aerosols, that may also include hand operated pumps or propellants.
  • the packaging may include livery or other indicia, either directly or indirectly applied on labels.
  • composition according to the present invention can be used in medicine.
  • the composition may, for example, be useful for the treatment and/or alleviation of skin conditions, particularly those caused, or thought to be caused, by microbes.
  • the microbes may be the primary cause of the conditions or a secondary result of the conditions.
  • Suitable products include broad spectrum antimicrobial sprays and surface cleaners as well as medicated skin care products for healthcare professionals and/or patients to use for the prevention, treatment or alleviation of infection.
  • compositions of the invention can also be used to reduce, substantially eradicate or inhibit the growth of microbial populations ex vivo, such as, for example, in the air and/or on a surface.
  • the composition of the invention has a kill rate of > 90% for a wide range of microbial populations that can be present in the air and/or on a surface.
  • the surface includes, for example, human or animal hair and/or skin, tiled or other floors, walls, worktops, tables, hospital wards, beds and general furniture.
  • the compositions of the invention may also be used as an instrument sterilant.
  • the microbial population is selected from Staphylococcus aureus, Metbicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Coliforms, Coagulate Negative staphylococcus, Enterococcus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas, Anaerobic cocci, Proteus spp, Bacteroides spp, Streptococcus spp, E. coli, and Candida spp.
  • compositions of the invention include Enterbacter spp and Serrabia spp.
  • compositions of the invention can also be used for the treatment or alleviation of a range of wounds or infections such as acne, eczema, dermatitis and psoriasis as well as other infections having a microbial origin, such as thrush.
  • compositions of the invention can be used for the treatment or alleviation of dandruff (using, for example, a medicated shampoo formulation), abscesses, infected wounds, spots and rashes, warts, herpes, blisters and bedsores, athletes foot, nail fungi, burns, cold sores, insect bites and oily skin, in the control of airborne infection and for routine protection against antibiotic resistant bacteria such as, for example, MRSA (patient and professional) and WE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci).
  • dandruff using, for example, a medicated shampoo formulation
  • abscesses infected wounds, spots and rashes, warts, herpes, blisters and bedsores
  • athletes foot nail fungi, burns, cold sores, insect bites and oily skin
  • the rate of healing of the dermis is significantly enhanced by the application of a composition of the invention, in any suitable form, to the area of the damaged dermis and the patients experience little or no discomfort during the course of application (>1 on a scale of 1 to 5) compared to that experienced with conventional treatments.
  • the airborne bacterial load, surface swab contamination and hand contamination by potential pathogens is significantly reduced in the hospital environment (p-level ⁇ 0.05) by the application of the invention and this is reflected in a significant decrease in the recorded incidence of hospital acquired infection amongst patients when compared to controls.
  • Solubilisant LRI PEG-40 Hydrogenated castor oil and PPG-26-Buteth-26
  • compositions a and b are not effective in controlling populations of a wide range ofmicrobes.
  • compositions c and d control the populations of a number of microbials quickly and over long periods of time while compositions e and f, which also include a glycol, provide excellent inhibition of microbial growth for a broad spectrum ofmicrobes quickly and with residual activity over long periods of time.
  • Filter papers are added to aqueous formulations, which would run off the disc during application.
  • erythema surface change nil 0 nil 0 very mild 1 dryness 1 mild 2 dryness and wrinkling 2 erythema moderate 3 dryness with fissuring 3 erythema severe 4 deeper changes in fissures 4 erythema with oedema 5 bullous reactions 5 erythema with vesiculation 6 severe bullous/necrotic 6 erythema with nec/bullac 7
  • Patient number 13 had a minimal irritant reaction at 2 and 4 days
  • Patient number 39 had a minimal irritant reaction at 2 days only
  • Patient number 47 had a minimal reaction at 2 days only There were no "late occurring" reactions beyond that time.
  • Solubilizer is Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80)
  • Solubilizer is Polysorbate 20 (Tween 20)
  • polysorbates particularly Polysorbate 20 are commonly used to deactivate antimicrobial materials when testing products containing antimicrobials for the presence of microbial contamination.
  • the preservative/antimicrobial deactivating properties of Polysorbates are well documented so they are not a preferred choice for use in antimicrobial products.
  • Base for handgel 5% Leleshwa Essential Oil; 5% MP Diol and 10% Solubilisant LRI in an aqueous xanthan gel.
  • Preferred Components 0.1% Phytic acid, 0.2% Manuka EO and/or 1% Citrus liquid extract, 0.2% Kanuka Essential oils.
  • the basic composition is still an intrinsic part of the preferred formulation and is advantageous for the handgel, aerosol and wet wipes to be applied in the hospital environment.
  • Example 5 looked at the performance of the specified formulations at 1 minute, 5 minutes and onwards up to 24 hours.
  • the combination of Tarchonanthus + Solubilisant achieves over 95% kill easily at time scales in excess of 1 minute.
  • the further trials used modifications of the basic compositions tested following basic BS EN 1040:1997 methodology and criteria with the leave on products i.e hand gel, body lotion, conditioner; BS EN 1276:1997 for rinse off products i.e shampoos, bath & shower gels.
  • the neutralising diluent was not toxic to the test organism.
  • the efficacy is comparable to the industry standard but the skin is moisturised and conditioned rather than dehydrated.
  • the balance of the formulation does not evoke allergic reactions in allergen hypersensitive or atopic individuals.
  • the actives in the formulation can have a residual effect and can prevent re-infection for up to 8 hours which offers greater patient safety if hospital staff are working under pressure or there is a very high level of contamination in the institution concerned.
  • the additives can reduce the likelihood that any single new strain will become resistant to the formula since it contains a range of actives in the form of the terpineols, ketones, phenols and limonenes.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition antimicrobienne comprenant un extrait de Tarchonanthus camphoratus ou une fraction de celui-ci et au moins un solubiliseur, cet extrait étant solubilisé dans l'eau. Dans un mode de réalisation préférée de l'invention, la composition comprend aussi des huiles essentielles manuka et/ou kanuka cétone ainsi que l'huile leleshwa
PCT/GB2006/000566 2005-02-17 2006-02-17 Composition antimicrobienne Ceased WO2006087569A2 (fr)

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EP2658563A4 (fr) * 2010-12-28 2014-06-04 Mary Kay Inc Composition de régulation du sébum et anti-acné
US8815308B2 (en) 2010-12-30 2014-08-26 Mary Kay, Inc. Multi-purpose cosmetic compositions
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US10532124B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2020-01-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Water soluble farnesol analogs and their use
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EP4144336A1 (fr) * 2021-05-14 2023-03-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Lingettes humides avec un substrat cellulosique et une lotion douce
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US11975083B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2024-05-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Wet wipes with a cellulosic substrate and gentle lotion

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US10238708B2 (en) 2010-12-28 2019-03-26 Mary Kay Inc. Sebum control and anti-acne composition
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US10717946B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2020-07-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldside, Inc. Water soluble essential oils and their use
US10532124B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2020-01-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Water soluble farnesol analogs and their use
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