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WO2006077461A3 - Fuel cell systems and control methods - Google Patents

Fuel cell systems and control methods Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006077461A3
WO2006077461A3 PCT/IB2005/003387 IB2005003387W WO2006077461A3 WO 2006077461 A3 WO2006077461 A3 WO 2006077461A3 IB 2005003387 W IB2005003387 W IB 2005003387W WO 2006077461 A3 WO2006077461 A3 WO 2006077461A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
fuel
electrode
catalyst
electrolyte film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2005/003387
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2006077461A2 (en
Inventor
Satoshi Takaichi
Yuki Ogawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Nissan North America Inc
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Nissan North America Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd, Nissan North America Inc filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Publication of WO2006077461A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006077461A2/en
Publication of WO2006077461A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006077461A3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
    • H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
    • H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
    • H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04238—Depolarisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04544—Voltage
    • H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04544—Voltage
    • H01M8/04567—Voltage of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04865—Voltage
    • H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04865—Voltage
    • H01M8/04888—Voltage of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)

Abstract

The disclosure relates to fuel cell systems and methods for improving the operating efficiency and lifetime of fuel cells. In one aspect, the disclosure provides fuel cell systems including a fuel cell containing a fuel electrode, an oxidizer electrode, an electrolyte film between the fuel electrode and the oxidizer electrode, and a first catalyst layer including a first reversibly oxidized catalyst surface on a first catalyst support situated between the electrolyte film and the oxidizer electrode. In certain embodiments, the fuel cell system includes a second catalyst layer including a second reversibly oxidized catalyst surface on a second catalyst support situated between the electrolyte film and the fuel electrode. The disclosure also provides methods for operating a fuel cell in which an active catalyst surface is reversibly oxidized at the time of starting-up, shutting-down or altering the power output of the fuel cell by applying a voltage to the electrodes from a secondary energy storage cell such as a battery. The method may reduce irreversible degradation of a catalyst layer during fuel cell start-up, thereby improving fuel cell cycle stability and lifetime.
PCT/IB2005/003387 2004-11-12 2005-11-12 Fuel cell systems and control methods Ceased WO2006077461A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004329615 2004-11-12
JP2004-329615 2004-11-12
JP2005168036A JP2006164939A (en) 2004-11-12 2005-06-08 Fuel cell system
JP2005-168036 2005-06-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006077461A2 WO2006077461A2 (en) 2006-07-27
WO2006077461A3 true WO2006077461A3 (en) 2006-09-21

Family

ID=36228580

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2005/003387 Ceased WO2006077461A2 (en) 2004-11-12 2005-11-12 Fuel cell systems and control methods

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2006164939A (en)
WO (1) WO2006077461A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100849127B1 (en) * 2006-11-28 2008-07-31 (주)퓨얼셀 파워 Fuel Cell Stack and Operating Method for Catalyst Cleaning Thereof
JP4905182B2 (en) * 2007-03-01 2012-03-28 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fuel cell system
JP2010067434A (en) * 2008-09-10 2010-03-25 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Operation control device and operation control method for fuel cell
EP2360763A4 (en) * 2008-11-19 2014-04-02 Hitachi Ltd METHOD FOR STARTING BATTERY OF FUEL CELLS
EP2985829B1 (en) * 2013-04-09 2017-10-25 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system and method of operating fuel cell system
KR101703607B1 (en) 2015-07-08 2017-02-22 현대자동차 주식회사 Device for starting by catalyst activation and method for starting by catalyst activation using the same
JP7526963B2 (en) * 2020-01-17 2024-08-02 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Fuel cell system and method for controlling fuel cell system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010033959A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2001-10-25 Ovshinsky Stanford R. Novel fuel cell cathodes and their fuel cells
EP1408569A2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-14 Isamu Uchida Electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation and direct ethanol fuel cell using the same
EP1416561A2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of operation fuel cell system and fuel cell system
US20040191584A1 (en) * 2003-03-25 2004-09-30 Cynthia Rice Methods of conditioning direct methanol fuel cells

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20010033959A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2001-10-25 Ovshinsky Stanford R. Novel fuel cell cathodes and their fuel cells
EP1408569A2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-14 Isamu Uchida Electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation and direct ethanol fuel cell using the same
EP1416561A2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of operation fuel cell system and fuel cell system
US20040191584A1 (en) * 2003-03-25 2004-09-30 Cynthia Rice Methods of conditioning direct methanol fuel cells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006077461A2 (en) 2006-07-27
JP2006164939A (en) 2006-06-22

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