WO2006059229A1 - Procede permettant de limiter la generation de benzo[a]pyrene lors de l'usage de tabac - Google Patents
Procede permettant de limiter la generation de benzo[a]pyrene lors de l'usage de tabac Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006059229A1 WO2006059229A1 PCT/IB2005/003972 IB2005003972W WO2006059229A1 WO 2006059229 A1 WO2006059229 A1 WO 2006059229A1 IB 2005003972 W IB2005003972 W IB 2005003972W WO 2006059229 A1 WO2006059229 A1 WO 2006059229A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- extraction
- propanol
- benzo
- smoking article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
- A24B15/26—Use of organic solvents for extraction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
- A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
- A24B15/246—Polycyclic aromatic compounds
Definitions
- a process for manufacturing a smoking article having reduced generation of benzo [a]pyrene (B [a] P) during smoking thereof comprising preparing a treated tobacco by contacting a tobacco material with an extraction solvent consisting essentially of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol or 2- propanol; and incorporating the treated tobacco in a smoking article.
- the extraction is carried out on tobacco which has not been subjected to extraction with acetone
- the contacting is carried out in a Soxhlet extractor. •
- the contacting results in a reduction in weight of the tobacco material. More preferably, the reduction is at least about 25%, still more preferably at least about 40%.
- the smoking article exhibits a reduction in benzo [a]pyrene in tobacco smoke of at least about 25%, preferably at least about 35%, when the treated tobacco is pyrolyzed at 600 0 C in an inert atmosphere.
- the extraction is carried out with a solvent consisting of methanol.
- the extraction is carried out with a solvent consisting of ethanol.
- the extraction is carried out with a solvent consisting of 1-propanol.
- the extraction is carried out with a solvent consisting of 2-propanol.
- the invention also provides a smoking article, preferably a cigarette, manufactured by a process according to the invention.
- Figure 1 depicts B [a] P yields from the 600 ° C pyrolysis in Helium of solvent extracted bright tobacco (120 ml/min flow rate, 600 ° C /min heating rate, 10 min) .
- Figure 2 depicts the effect of proline (0.4% w/w) and lipids on the yield of B [a] P from the 600 ° C pyrolysis of a carbohydrate + lignin mixture.
- the lipid mixture consists of oleic acid (lmg) , linoleic acid(2mg), linolenic acid (3.5mg), stigmasterol (0.8mg, chlorogenic acid (8mg) and solanesol (15mg) dissolved in methanol.
- PAHs polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- Benzo [a]pyrene (B [a] P) a 5-ring PAH
- lipophilic tobacco components such as phytosterols, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, and terpenoid compounds were believed to be the major precursors of PAHs formed from a burning cigarette.
- a number of solvent extracted tobaccos and individual tobacco components such as sterols, long-chain hydrocarbons, fatty acids, carbohydrates and polyphenols have been pyrolyzed at 600 ° C in an effort to identify low temperature B [a] P precursors.
- the yield of B [a] P obtained per gram of sample pyrolyzed has been normalized to the amount of each component present in tobacco.
- the B [a] P yield from a mixture of selected tobacco lipophilic and cell wall components has also been investigated.
- the pyrolysis setup used was described in McGrath, T. E. et al. , J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol . , 66 (2003) 51-70.
- the experimental setup consisted of a 2.5cm i.d. quartz tube placed inside a 30cm long heated Carbolite furnace having an isothermal length of ca. 7cm at a temperature of 600 ° C.
- Helium was used as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 120cm 3 /min.
- the residence time of gas phase pyrolysis products in the isothermal section of the reactor was calculated to be approximately 4s at a furnace temperature of 600 ° C.
- a fiber-glass filter placed in a housing assembly immediately at the end of the quartz tube on the exit side of the furnace was used to collect ' the product tar condensate.
- the temperature of the sample in the heated quartz tube was measured using a chromel/alumel (K type) thermocouple.
- the thermocouple was also used to transport the ceramic boat containing the samples to and from the heated isothermal region of the quartz tube.
- Oleic acid (99+%) , linoleic acid(99%) , stigmasterol (9.3%) and cholesterol (99+%) were purchased from Aldrich. Linolenic acid (90%, remainder linoleic acid) and D (+) -proline (99+%) were purchased from Acros. Chlorogenic acid (95+%) and solanesol (90+% from tobacco leaves) were obtained from Sigma.
- oleic acid (lmg/g) , linoleic acid(2mg/g), linolenic acid (3.5mg/g) , stigmasterol (0.8mg/g), chlorogenic acid (8mg/g) and solanesol .(15mg/g) was prepared in methanol and added to a mixture of carbohydrates and lignin.
- Avicel cellulose, xylan from birch wood, pectin from citrus fruits, and hydrolytic lignin were used as ' model tobacco cell wall components.
- the Avicel cellulose sample was obtained from FCI and is a microcrystalline purified and depolymerized alpha-cellulose derived from fibrous plants (Avicel PH-102) . It has an ash content of less than 0.007%.
- the birchwood xylan ( ⁇ 95% xylose) sample was obtained from Fluka.
- the pectin sample was obtained from Sigma and has a galacturonic and methoxy content of 81% and 8.6%, respectively.
- D-glucose was used as a model tobacco sugar. The D-glucose sample was obtained from Acros and is 99+% reagent grade.
- a mixture of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, glucose, and lignin was made up with the following component ratios of 1:1:1:1:0.3, respectively.
- the resulting mixture is denoted as Carbo-Lig Mix throughout the rest of the text.
- the samples also contained smaller amounts of Calcium.
- a sample of tobacco or model tobacco compound to be pyrolyzed was placed in a ceramic boat that initially rested in an unheated section of the quartz tube outside of the heated furnace.
- a tar trap assembly was placed on the exit side of the furnace. After the furnace had reached the desired set temperature, for example, 600 ° C, the sample was ' pushed to the isothermal region in the furnace and pyrolyzed for a total of 10 minutes.
- the boat was pulled back to the unheated section of the quartz tube and the remaining solid residue was allowed to. cool to room temperature.
- the fiber-glass filter was removed, placed in an amber screw capped vial, and the washings from the pad housing assembly walls was added to the vial.
- A.total solvent level of 5 mL of methanol was used and the vial was left to stir overnight on a shaker.
- the quartz tube was cleaned in air at a temperature of 650 ° C.
- the tar fractions collected were, analyzed by GC-MS using an Agilent 6890 GC equipped with an Agilent 5973 quadrupole MSD analyzer operating in the single ion mode (SIM) .
- the yield of B [a] P was calculated using a calibration curve obtained from the analysis of standard solutions of B [a] P ranging from lOng/ml to lOOOng/ml.
- B [a] P obtained from the pyrolysis of 11 individual components at 600 ° C in Helium for a total heating time of 10 min are give in Table 1.
- Stigmasterol b ( ⁇ 0.8mg/g) 1200 0.9
- Linoleic acid ( ⁇ 2mg/g) 175 0.35
- Linolenic acid ( ⁇ 4mg/g) 335 1.34
- ND not detected.
- a carbohydrate + lignin mixture (Carbo-Lig mix) was pryolyzed in the presence of an amino acid (proline) and a mixture of tobacco lipid components. 0.4% w/w of D(+) -proline was physically mixed with the Carbo-Lig mix.
- the lipid mixture consisted of oleic acid (lmg/g) , linoleic acid (2mg/g) , linolenic acid (3.5mg/g), stigmasterol (0.8mg/g), chlorogenic acid (8mg/g) and solanesol (15mg/g) .
- the amounts of amino acid and lipids added are consistent with the amount of each component present in bright tobacco. As shown in Fig.
- Extraction of bright tobacco lamina with hexane and ethyl acetate removes lipophilic components of tobacco but does not lead to a decrease in B[a] P formed.
- Extraction with methanol decreases the B [a] P yield by 35% whereas extraction with water significantly increases the yield of B [a] P.
- the methanol extraction process appears to remove low temperature B[a] P precursors while extraction with water appears to concentrate B [a] P precursors on a per gram of material basis. From the individual tobacco components pyrolyzed at 600 ° C, only the tobacco carbohydrates and cell wall components such as glucose, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin appear to contribute significantly to the formation of B [a] P.
- Extraction of tobacco can also reduce generation of B [a] P during smoking.
- the extraction with the methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol or 2-propanol is preferably carried out on tobacco which has not been subjected to a prior extraction with acetone.
- the extraction is preferably carried out using a single solvent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol .
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US63198404P | 2004-12-01 | 2004-12-01 | |
| US60/631,984 | 2004-12-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2006059229A1 true WO2006059229A1 (fr) | 2006-06-08 |
Family
ID=35892613
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2005/003972 Ceased WO2006059229A1 (fr) | 2004-12-01 | 2005-12-01 | Procede permettant de limiter la generation de benzo[a]pyrene lors de l'usage de tabac |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060162733A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2006059229A1 (fr) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012068375A1 (fr) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-24 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Extrait de tabac séché au feu et produits du tabac fabriqués avec celui-ci |
| WO2013144766A1 (fr) | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Compositions de tabac liquide |
| CN103908016A (zh) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-09 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 烟草减害处理溶剂及降低卷烟主流烟气中hcn的方法 |
| CN104351945A (zh) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-02-18 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种降低烟丝中苯并[a]芘前体化合物的方法和装置 |
| CN106263013A (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-01-04 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种高香气烟草提取物及其应用 |
| CN106307604A (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-01-11 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 烟草提取物、提取方法和应用 |
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| WO2007012980A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-01 | 2007-02-01 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Tabac presentant une teneur accrue en diluants de goudron naturels |
| US7595515B2 (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2009-09-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method of making light emitting device having a molded encapsulant |
| WO2007050483A2 (fr) * | 2005-10-24 | 2007-05-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Procede permettant de fabriquer un dispositif electroluminescent contenant un agent d'encapsulation moule |
| US7726320B2 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2010-06-01 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-containing smoking article |
| US9078473B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2015-07-14 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Smoking articles and use thereof for yielding inhalation materials |
| US20130255702A1 (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Smoking article incorporating a conductive substrate |
| US10004259B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2018-06-26 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Reservoir and heater system for controllable delivery of multiple aerosolizable materials in an electronic smoking article |
| US8881737B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 | 2014-11-11 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Electronic smoking article comprising one or more microheaters |
| US8910639B2 (en) | 2012-09-05 | 2014-12-16 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Single-use connector and cartridge for a smoking article and related method |
| US9854841B2 (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2018-01-02 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Electronic smoking article and associated method |
| US10117460B2 (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2018-11-06 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Electronic smoking article and associated method |
| US8910640B2 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2014-12-16 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Wick suitable for use in an electronic smoking article |
| US10031183B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2018-07-24 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Spent cartridge detection method and system for an electronic smoking article |
| US20140261486A1 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Electronic smoking article having a vapor-enhancing apparatus and associated method |
| US20140261487A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-18 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Electronic smoking article with improved storage and transport of aerosol precursor compositions |
| US9277770B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-03-08 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Atomizer for an aerosol delivery device formed from a continuously extending wire and related input, cartridge, and method |
| US9918495B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2018-03-20 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Atomizer for an aerosol delivery device and related input, aerosol production assembly, cartridge, and method |
| US9491974B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-11-15 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Heating elements formed from a sheet of a material and inputs and methods for the production of atomizers |
| US9220302B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-29 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cartridge for an aerosol delivery device and method for assembling a cartridge for a smoking article |
| US9423152B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-08-23 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Heating control arrangement for an electronic smoking article and associated system and method |
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| US11229239B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2022-01-25 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Electronic smoking article with haptic feedback |
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| CH387518A (fr) * | 1957-10-21 | 1965-01-31 | Sasmoco Sa | Procédé pour la préparation d'un tabac débarrassé au moins partiellement des substances cancérigènes ainsi que des substances pouvant être transformées en de telles substances, et tabac obtenu par ce procédé |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012068375A1 (fr) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-24 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Extrait de tabac séché au feu et produits du tabac fabriqués avec celui-ci |
| CN103369978A (zh) * | 2010-11-18 | 2013-10-23 | R.J.雷诺兹烟草公司 | 火烤烟草提取物和由其制成的烟草产品 |
| WO2013144766A1 (fr) | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-03 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Compositions de tabac liquide |
| US10271574B2 (en) | 2012-03-28 | 2019-04-30 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Liquid tobacco composition |
| CN103908016A (zh) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-09 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 烟草减害处理溶剂及降低卷烟主流烟气中hcn的方法 |
| CN104351945A (zh) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-02-18 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种降低烟丝中苯并[a]芘前体化合物的方法和装置 |
| CN106263013A (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-01-04 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种高香气烟草提取物及其应用 |
| CN106307604A (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-01-11 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | 烟草提取物、提取方法和应用 |
| CN106263013B (zh) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-07-06 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种高香气烟草提取物、制备方法及其应用 |
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| US20060162733A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
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