WO2006054449A1 - 生体分子の相互作用試験装置、生体分子の相互作用試験方法、生体分子の融解温度測定方法、核酸の配列検知方法、生体分子を相互作用させる方法、および、生体分子を移動させる方法 - Google Patents
生体分子の相互作用試験装置、生体分子の相互作用試験方法、生体分子の融解温度測定方法、核酸の配列検知方法、生体分子を相互作用させる方法、および、生体分子を移動させる方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6452—Individual samples arranged in a regular 2D-array, e.g. multiwell plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0046—Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6834—Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase
- C12Q1/6837—Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase using probe arrays or probe chips
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
- G01N33/5438—Electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
- B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
- B01J2219/00281—Individual reactor vessels
- B01J2219/00286—Reactor vessels with top and bottom openings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
- B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
- B01J2219/00306—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement
- B01J2219/00313—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement the reactor vessels being formed by arrays of wells in blocks
- B01J2219/00315—Microtiter plates
- B01J2219/00317—Microwell devices, i.e. having large numbers of wells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
- B01J2219/00495—Means for heating or cooling the reaction vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
- B01J2219/00603—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces
- B01J2219/00653—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being bound to electrodes embedded in or on the solid supports
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
- B01J2219/0072—Organic compounds
- B01J2219/00722—Nucleotides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
- B01J2219/0072—Organic compounds
- B01J2219/00725—Peptides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
- B01J2219/0072—Organic compounds
- B01J2219/00729—Peptide nucleic acids [PNA]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
- B01J2219/0072—Organic compounds
- B01J2219/00731—Saccharides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
Definitions
- Biomolecule interaction test apparatus biomolecule interaction test method, biomolecule melting temperature measurement method, nucleic acid sequence detection method, biomolecule interaction method, and biomolecule transfer method
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and an interaction test method capable of testing the interaction between a target biomolecule and a probe biomolecule easily and quickly. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for measuring a melting temperature of a biomolecule and a method for detecting the sequence of a nucleic acid using the above method. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for allowing a biomolecule immobilized on a substrate to interact with a biomolecule contained in a solution, and a method for selectively moving a biomolecule contained in a solution in one direction.
- Hybridization of a probe nucleic acid and a target nucleic acid is used for the purpose of detecting certain nucleic acids (target nucleic acids) such as genetic diagnosis, identification of pathogenic bacteria, or detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms. ing.
- target nucleic acids such as genetic diagnosis, identification of pathogenic bacteria, or detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms.
- DNA chips and DNA microarrays in which a large number of probe nucleic acids are immobilized on a substrate have come into practical use and are used for detection of target nucleic acids.
- DNA immobilization for example, a method of fixing a single-stranded DNA whose end has been modified with a metal to, for example, a gold substrate is employed. Then, the target DNA, which is the analyte, is allowed to act on the immobilized DNA, and the presence or absence of hybridization is detected. The presence or absence of hybridization can be detected, for example, by measuring the fluorescence of the spot of the immobilized DNA hybridized with the fluorescently labeled target DNA using a fluorescence method.
- Japanese National Publication No. 10-505410 discloses a bioarray chip reactor in which an array in which DNA is immobilized is enclosed in a chamber. ing.
- This apparatus has a structure capable of feeding a solution into the chamber.
- document 2 describes that the substrate or cover of this device can be transparent. According to such an apparatus described in Document 2, it is considered that the formation of the hybrid can be observed in real time from the transparent substrate side or the cover side while feeding the solution into the chamber. Escaped.
- the first object of the present invention is that a large amount of sample and a lot of time and labor are not required, and an interaction between biomolecules can be rapidly formed. It is to provide a means that can be detected in real time.
- the second object of the present invention is to promote interaction and reaction in a biomolecule microarray. It is an object of the present invention to provide means capable of achieving high speed and high sensitivity.
- the first aspect of the present invention for achieving the first object is as follows.
- counter electrode t is a biomolecule interaction test apparatus, wherein the apparatus is a non-conductive spacer between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2).
- the microarray (1) has a conductive material surface (6) on at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized, and has two through holes (5) leading to the cavity (4).
- the above-mentioned device wherein one through-hole is a hole for injecting the solution into the cavity, and the other through-hole is a hole for discharging the solution with the cavity force.
- the substrate further includes a conductive member (7) at least partially in contact with the surface of the conductive material (6) on the microarray (1) and not in contact with the counter electrode (2).
- the conductive material constituting the conductive member (7) is gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, conductive oxide, or conductive plastic. [3] The device described in 1.
- the non-conductive spacer (3) is arranged so that a distance between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2) is uniform, [1] to [5] The device described in 1.
- the conductive material constituting the surface of the conductive material on the microarray is gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium, conductive oxide, or conductive plastic.
- the substrate has a biomolecule immobilization spot (hereinafter referred to as "protruding spot portion”) protruding from the substrate surface and having a spot plane on the top,
- At least the protruding spot portion has a conductive material surface
- Biomolecules are immobilized on the surface of the spot conductive material, and the substrate can be electrically connected to the surface of the conductive material of the protruding spot portion on the surface other than the protruding spot portion on the substrate.
- the surface other than the protruding spot portion on the substrate has a conductive material coating layer, and the terminal is included in the conductive material coating layer or is electrically connected to the conductive material coating layer.
- the surface other than the protruding spot portion on the substrate has a conductive material coating layer, and the conductive material coating layer and the conductive material surface of the protruding spot portion are an integral conductive material coating layer.
- the device described in 1. [18] The apparatus according to [17], wherein the substrate surface around the protruding spot portion forms a substantially V-shaped bottom surface.
- the substrate is a substrate in which adjacent projecting spot portions are adjacent to each other by a projecting spot portion side surface, and at least the projecting spot portion side surface and the spot flat surface have a conductive material force.
- the device according to any one of [14] to [16].
- the biomolecule is at least one selected from DNA, RNA, PNA, protein, polypeptide, sugar compound, lipid, natural low molecule, and group power that also has a synthetic low molecular force.
- the device according to any of the above.
- the microarray (1) has a conductive material surface (6) on at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized,
- An electric field is applied between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2), and a solution containing the target biomolecule and a solution containing Z or the target biomolecule are sent to the cavity (4).
- a solution containing the target biomolecule and a solution containing Z or the target biomolecule are sent to the cavity (4).
- a device having a non-conductive spacer (3) and having a cavity (4) formed by the microarray (1), the spacer (3), and the counter electrode (2) is used.
- the microarray (1) has a conductive material surface (6) on at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized,
- the method wherein the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray and the target biomolecule is optically detected through the counter electrode during holding or discharging of the solution.
- biomolecule fixed to the microarray and Z or the target biomolecule are fluorescently labeled, and the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray and the target biomolecule is detected by fluorescence.
- An electric field is applied between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2), and the cavity (4) while feeding a solution containing the target biomolecule and a solution containing no Z or target biomolecule. Detecting the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray and the target biomolecule through the counter electrode with a confocal detector.
- the protruding spot on the surface of the microarray The method according to any one of [33] to [36], wherein the protruding spot portion on the microarray is detected as a reflected image based on a difference in reflected light intensity due to a difference in height and z or shape of the outer portion. .
- the solution force containing the target biomolecule includes at least one buffer substance selected from the group force consisting of ferulalanin, histidine, carnosine, and arginine force, according to any one of [24] to [41] Method.
- a method for measuring a melting temperature of a biomolecule comprising using the method according to any one of [24] to [42].
- a method for detecting the sequence of a nucleic acid comprising using the method according to any one of [24] to [42].
- the second aspect of the present invention for achieving the second object is as follows.
- a target biomolecule between a biomolecule microarray having one or more spots with biomolecules immobilized on the substrate surface and an electrode facing the substrate surface (hereinafter referred to as “counter electrode”).
- a solution comprising a biomolecule immobilized on the substrate surface and a target biomolecule interacting with each other, comprising:
- the microarray has a conductive material surface on at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized
- a voltage of 0.01 to LOHz is applied between the surface of the conductive material and the counter electrode. And promoting the interaction.
- the conductive substance is any one of [45] to [53], which is gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium, conductive oxide, or conductive plastic. The method described.
- the counter electrode is formed of gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium, a conductive oxide, or a conductive plastic card, or the substrate.
- a conductive material coating layer made of gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium, conductive oxide, or conductive plastic on the surface opposite to the conductive material surface of [45] ] To [54].
- the biomolecule is at least one selected from DNA, RNA, PNA, protein, polypeptide, sugar compound, lipid, natural low molecule, and group power that also has a synthetic low molecular force.
- interactions between biomolecules can be formed rapidly, and the interaction between biomolecules can be detected in real time.
- the melting temperature of a biomolecule it is possible to measure the melting temperature of a biomolecule and detect the sequence of a nucleic acid, for example, to detect a single nucleotide polymorphism.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
- the biomolecule interaction test apparatus of the present invention is provided so as to face a biomolecule microarray (1) in which a biomolecule is immobilized on a substrate, and a surface of the microarray on which the biomolecule is immobilized.
- a cavity (4) is formed by the spacer (3) and the counter electrode (2), and the microarray (1) is electrically conductive to at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized.
- the microarray (1) is electrically conductive to at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized.
- the biomolecule may be at least one kind selected from DNA, RNA, PNA, protein, polypeptide, sugar compound, lipid, natural low molecule, and synthetic low molecular force. Can be selected accordingly.
- examples of the sugar compound include monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, sugar chain complexes, glycoproteins, glycolipids, and derivatives thereof.
- lipids examples include fatty acids, phospholipids, glycolipids, glycerides and the like.
- natural small molecules include hormone molecules, antibiotics, poisons, vitamins, physiologically active substances, secondary metabolites, and the like.
- Examples of the synthetic small molecule include natural low-molecular synthetic products and derivatives thereof.
- the biomolecule interaction that can be tested by the device of the present invention includes, for example, hybridization between a probe nucleic acid and a target nucleic acid, antigen-antibody interaction, receptor-monoligand interaction, protein Protein interaction and DNA protein interaction can be listed.
- the microarray (1) is produced by immobilizing a biomolecule on a substrate, and has a conductive material surface (6) on at least a part of the surface on which the biomolecule is immobilized.
- the conductive material constituting the surface of the conductive material (6) is, for example, metal (for example, gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium), conductive oxide (for example, In O ZSnO) and conductive plastics (e.g. polyacetylene).
- the conductive material is selected from materials having a property of reflecting light.
- the conductive substance is selected from metals having a bond with a thiol group.
- the substrate has a biomolecule-fixing spot (protruding spot portion) that protrudes from the substrate surface and has a spot plane on the top, and at least the protruding spot portion has a conductive material surface.
- biomolecules are immobilized on the surface of the spot conductive material, and the substrate can be electrically connected to the surface of the conductive material of the protruding spot portion on the surface other than the protruding spot portion on the substrate. It can have a simple terminal.
- the surface other than the protruding spot portion on the substrate may have a conductive material coating layer, and the terminal is included in the conductive material coating layer or can be energized with the conductive material coating layer. Can be. Furthermore, it is preferable that the conductive material coating layer and the conductive material surface of the protruding spot portion are provided as an integral conductive material coating layer.
- a substrate at least the substrate surface around the protruding spot portion, the side surface of the protruding spot portion, and the plane for spot are made of a conductive material (hereinafter referred to as substrate I), or adjacent protruding spots.
- substrate I a conductive material
- the portion is adjacent to the side surface of the protruding spot portion, and can include at least the side surface of the protruding spot portion and a substrate made of a conductive material for planar force (hereinafter referred to as a substrate ⁇ ).
- the biomolecule immobilization spot is provided on the top surface of the protruding spot portion.
- the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion spot for biomolecule immobilization is located one step higher than the substrate surface around the protruding spot portion, and there is a difference in height between the two. .
- a confocal detector that can be used for a biomolecule interaction test, as described later, uses reflected light or fluorescence from a focal plane on a sample to form an image of an optical system. Detect through a pinhole placed on the surface.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the optical system of the confocal detector 40.
- the solid line a in Fig. 2 represents the incident light.
- a solid line b represents reflected light or fluorescence from the focal plane, and a broken line represents reflected light or fluorescence from the non-focal plane.
- the reflected light that also reflects the focal plane force on the microarray 41 and the fluorescence emitted from the focal plane on the sample enter the beam splitter 43 through the objective lens 42 and enter the beam splitter 43.
- the optical path is corrected by the splitter 43 so as to enter the detection lens 44 perpendicularly, and the light enters the imaging plane 45 through the detection lens 44.
- the confocal detector 40 is designed so as to be focused on the focal force imaging plane on the sample. Therefore, the light from the focal plane on the sample is The image is focused on the image plane 45, passes through the pinhole 46, and is detected by the detection unit 47.
- the light from the non-focal plane on the sample is not focused on the imaging plane 45, and most of the light does not pass through the pinhole 46 and is not detected by the detection unit 7.
- the confocal detector the light from the focal plane can be selectively detected.
- the difference in height between the surface of the substrate around the protruding spot portion and the flat surface for spot (spot for biomolecule fixation) on the top of the protruding spot portion is the difference between the biomolecule and the target biomolecule. If the depth of focus is greater than the depth of focus of the confocal detector used for detecting the interaction, the focal point of the confocal detector is adjusted to the height of the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot. It is possible to detect the fluorescent light and reflected light having a planar force for the spot on the top of the protruding spot portion with higher intensity than the fluorescent light and reflected light from the substrate surface around the portion.
- the apparatus of the present invention including the microarray in which the biomolecule is fixed on the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion of the substrate I, information on the spot, for example, whether there is an interaction with the target biomolecule, Can be detected with high sensitivity
- the substrate II is adjacent to each other by an adjacent protruding spot portion force protruding spot portion side surface, and at least the protruding spot portion side surface and the spot plane are made of a conductive substance.
- An example of substrate II is shown in FIG.
- an angle formed by a spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion and a side surface of the protruding spot portion is 90 degrees or more. Preferably, it is 90 to 135 degrees.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a part of such a substrate.
- “the angle between the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot and the side surface of the protruding spot” refers to the angle ⁇ in FIG. 4 (a).
- the angle ⁇ can be obtained by, for example, cutting the protruding spot portion perpendicularly to the substrate surface around the protruding spot portion and obtaining the cross-sectional force thereof.
- the angle formed by the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot part and the side surface of the protruding spot part is 90 degrees or more, that is, the size of the bottom surface of the protruding spot part. Since the force is larger than the size of the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion, there is an advantage that the position and size of the spot for fixing biomolecules can be specified by automatically performing the grinding. This point will be described in detail below. [0024] As shown in Fig.
- the reflected light is reflected using a confocal detector.
- the reflected light of the side force of the protruding spot is incident on the light irradiated from the direction perpendicular to the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot (light represented by the arrow in Fig. 4 (a)). It does not reflect in the same direction as the light.
- the reflected light from the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot part is reflected in the same direction as the incident light.
- the reflection image obtained in this way is obtained as an image 1S reflection image corresponding to the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion, and the portion corresponding to the side surface of the protruding spot portion appears as a black border because almost no reflected light is detected. .
- the inside of the black border corresponds to a biomolecule spot, so the size and position of the spot can be specified by this reflection image. According to the present invention, automatic glitting can be performed based on such a principle.
- the confocal detector is focused on the top of the protruding spot portion. Therefore, the reflected light from the substrate surface force around the protruding spot will be out of focus, so it will be much weaker than the reflected light from the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot. The force is not detected. In the present invention, it is also possible to perform automatic grating using this height difference.
- the portion corresponding to the side surface of the protruding spot portion in the reflected image If appears as a black border, it is possible to determine the size and position of the spot.
- the height of the protruding spot portion is used for detecting the interaction. If the depth of focus is greater than the focal depth of the confocal detector, the position and size of the spot plane are determined by the reflected image using the difference in height between the spot plane and the substrate surface around the protruding spot. Can be identified and automatically gridded.
- the protruding spot is
- the shape of the nut portion can be, for example, a columnar shape or a prismatic shape.
- an angle formed by the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion and the side surface of the protruding spot portion is 90 degrees or more, and the substrate surface force around the protruding spot is approximately V-shaped.
- It can also be a substrate on which a mold bottom is formed. In such a substrate, the reflected light intensity from the spot plane detected by the confocal detector is stronger than the reflected light intensity from the part other than the spot plane on the substrate.
- the position and size of the spot plane can be specified.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a part of a substrate having a “substantially V-shaped bottom surface”.
- the “substantially V-shaped bottom surface” means, for example, a substantially V-shape formed as shown in FIG. 5 in which the substrate surface around the protruding spot portion between adjacent protruding spot portions is not a plane. That's it.
- the substrate I at least the substrate surface around the protruding spot portion, the side surface of the protruding spot portion, and the plane for spot are made of a conductive material.
- the substrate I has a conductive material force on the substrate surface other than the periphery of the protruding spot.
- the substrate II is made of a conductive material at least on the side surface of the protruding spot portion and the flat surface of the protruding spot portion.
- the substrate I at least the substrate surface around the protruding spot portion, the protruding spot portion side surface, and the spot plane are at least the protruding spot portion side surface and spot.
- the working plane is made of a conductive material
- an electrode facing the microarray (1) produced by fixing biomolecules on the substrate is provided on the substrate, and an electric field is applied.
- the interaction between the biomolecule immobilized on the spot plane and the target biomolecule can be promoted. For example, even when the concentration of the target biomolecule is low, a good interaction result can be obtained, and when the concentration is the same, a predetermined interaction result can be obtained in a shorter time.
- the size and position of the biomolecule-immobilized spot are specified by the reflected light, and automatically. Glitting can be performed. This point will be described later.
- the height of the protruding spot portion can be appropriately set so as to be higher than the depth of focus of the confocal detector used for detecting the interaction.
- the height of the protruding spot portion can be set to 10 to 500 m, for example.
- the protruding spot portion Even if the height is smaller than the depth of focus of the confocal detector used to detect the interaction, automatic glitching is possible. This point will be described later.
- the height of the protruding spot portion it is necessary to consider the diameter of a needle used for biomolecule spot formation (stamping) and the spot amount of a biomolecule solution such as a probe nucleic acid. is there. For example, when spotting a biomolecule using a dollar of about 130m in diameter against a circular projecting spot with a diameter of 100m, if the height force S of the projecting spot is 15m or more, the surface tension Therefore, it is preferable because the biomolecule is immobilized only on the fixation spot where the biomolecule solution does not flow out of the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion.
- the shape of the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion may be any shape as long as it can hold the spotted biomolecule. And can be square.
- the size of the spot plane can be appropriately set according to the amount used for a spot—one dollar or a spotted biomolecule solution, and can be, for example, 10 to 500 / ⁇ ⁇ .
- the “size of the spot plane” means, for example, the diameter when the shape of the spot plane is circular, and the length of one side when the shape of the spot plane is square. .
- FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic view of the protruding spot portion on the substrate having the protruding spot portion.
- the shape of the bottom surface of the protruding spot portion means the shaded portion in FIG. 4 (b).
- the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion may be roughened.
- the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion has unevenness with a depth within the depth of focus of the confocal detector used for detecting the interaction in the depth direction and substantially in the horizontal direction.
- Figure 6 shows an example (partially enlarged view) of a roughened spot plane. Roughened
- a spot plane having a lattice shape of several / zm square as shown in FIG. 6 can be cited.
- the method for roughening the spot plane is not particularly limited.
- the substrate used in the present invention is a plastic molded substrate
- the base material etched by photolithography is transferred by anti-transfer by the electroplating method.
- the microfabricated mold it is possible to manufacture a substrate having a rough spot plane.
- the entire substrate may have a conductive material force, or may have a conductive material coating layer on the substrate surface.
- the conductive substance is selected from metals having a bond with a thiol group.
- Examples of the substrate having a conductive material coating layer include glass, quartz, silicon, plastic, and specifically, a surface of a substrate such as polypropylene coated with the conductive material. it can.
- the thickness of the conductive material coating layer on the substrate is not particularly limited, and force f can be set to 0.1 to: LO / z m in the f row.
- the substrate of the present invention can be obtained by pouring and melting the molten metal into a bowl having a recess corresponding to the protruding spot portion of a desired shape. it can.
- a metal substrate can also be obtained by press molding.
- the substrate of the present invention may be a substrate made of a metal cover and coated with a conductive substance.
- the substrate of the present invention has a conductive material coating on a silicon or plastic substrate
- a mold having a recess corresponding to a protruding spot portion of a desired shape is used. Mold silicon or plastic and use the silicon or plastic.
- the substrate of the present invention can be obtained by coating a conductive substrate with a conductive material by vapor deposition, plating, or the like.
- the substrate having the protruding spot portion can be manufactured by forming the protruding spot portion by etching or the like after coating the conductive coating layer on the flat substrate.
- substrate which does not have a protrusion spot part can be manufactured by a well-known method, and there exists a thing available as a commercial item.
- chromium is vapor-deposited on the surface of the slide glass by a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus, and then gold is vapor-deposited thereon.
- a positive resist is applied onto the gold-deposited slide glass with a spin coater, and baked in an oven at 60 ° C for 1 hour, for example.
- the slide glass is irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a photomask by an ultraviolet exposure device.
- a photomask having a pattern corresponding to a protruding spot portion having a desired shape is used. If development is performed with a developer after irradiation with ultraviolet rays, a resist pattern can be formed on the gold-deposited slide glass surface.
- the gold surface around the resist pattern is etched with a gold etchant.
- etching is further performed with an etchant and cleaned with ultrapure water in order to remove chromium deposited under the gold.
- etching is further performed with an etchant and cleaned with ultrapure water in order to remove chromium deposited under the gold.
- the substrate is immersed in hydrofluoric acid, and the exposed glass surface is etched.
- concentration and immersion time of hydrofluoric acid used at this time can be appropriately set according to the height of the desired protruding spot portion.
- the piranha solution after etching gold, chromium, and the like, the piranha solution and In addition, the substrate can be washed with ultrapure water to obtain a glass substrate having a protruding spot portion having a desired shape.
- chromium is vapor-deposited on this glass substrate, and then gold is vapor-deposited, whereby a substrate having a protruding portion and having a gold coating can be obtained.
- the size of the entire substrate, the number of protruding spot portions on the substrate, and the degree of integration are not particularly limited, and can be set as appropriate.
- a substrate having about 10 to 50,000 protruding spot portions on a substrate having a size of 10 to 20, OOO mm 2 can be used.
- the probe nucleic acid is placed on the substrate.
- a solution containing a nucleic acid having a group reactive at one end with the metal constituting the conductive material surface (6) on the substrate can be used as a spotting solution.
- groups can include thiol groups. Immobilization of a nucleic acid chain having a thiol group to a metal surface can be performed by a known method. For example, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 9787-9792 can be referred to.
- a method for immobilizing DNA on a metal surface a method of performing the following treatment on a metal (a surface oxide film that has been activated to present a hydroxyl group) can also be used.
- Biotin DNA is immobilized on the surface of the substrate that has been sequentially treated with aminosilane, maleimide-piotine, and avidin.
- Aminated DNA is immobilized on the surface of a substrate treated with aminosilane and then with dartalaldehyde.
- Biomolecules other than DNA can also be immobilized via UV irradiation or functional groups such as thiol groups, amino groups, carboxyl groups, and phosphate groups as described above. It is.
- Spotting of the biomolecule solution onto the surface of the conductive substance (6) can be performed by a conventional method.
- the biomolecule solution is held at the tip of the biomolecule solution on the substrate surface.
- spotting of a biomolecule can be performed by bringing the substrate into contact with a spot plane on the top of the protruding spot portion.
- Examples of the spotting device used here include the devices described in JP-A-2001-46062 and JP-A-2003-57236.
- the amount of the spot can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the substrate has a protruding spot portion
- the plane force for the spot The size of the spot plane and the height of the protruding spot portion are prevented so that the biomolecule solution does not flow out. It can be set appropriately according to the situation.
- the device of the present invention includes a transparent electrode (2) (counter electrode) so as to face the surface of the microarray where biomolecules are immobilized.
- a transparent electrode (2) counter electrode
- the electric field density is increased between the plane on which the biomolecule is immobilized and the plane of the counter electrode facing the plane.
- the target biomolecule is concentrated in the vicinity of the spot where the biomolecules are immobilized by electrophoresis (when using a DC power supply) or dielectrophoresis (when using an AC power supply).
- electrophoresis when using a DC power supply
- dielectrophoresis when using an AC power supply
- the counter electrode is not particularly limited as long as it is transparent and can apply an electric field between the biomolecule microarray and the counter electrode.
- a transparent electrode By using a transparent electrode in this way, the reflected light and Z or fluorescence can be detected with the confocal detector while the solution is being transferred or held in the cavity, and the concentric detector can detect the biological component. Child interaction can be detected in real time.
- the counter electrode can be a transparent conductive material, for example, a conductive oxide, conductive plastic, etc., and has a conductive material coating layer on the surface facing the microarray. It can also be a substrate.
- the counter electrode may preferably have a conductive oxide strength such as ITO (indium tin oxide) or tin oxide.
- the power source for applying an electric field between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2) may be a DC power source or an AC power source. More preferably, an AC power source is used.
- a direct current power source there is a concern that when a high voltage is applied, the target biomolecule solution is electrolyzed due to the high voltage and bubbles are likely to be generated. Therefore, it is preferable to use a low voltage.
- DNA is used as the target biomolecule, DNA is negatively charged. Therefore, when a DC power supply is used, it is preferable to apply an electric field so that the protruding spot side force is positive.
- the frequency can be, for example, 10 ⁇ to 1 ⁇ .
- the device of the present invention includes a non-conductive spacer (3) between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2), and the microarray (1) and the spacer (3 ) And the counter electrode (2) form a cavity (4).
- the microarray (1) has two through holes (5) communicating with the cavity (4).
- One through hole is a hole for injecting the solution into the cavity, and the other through hole is a hole for discharging the cavity solution.
- the apparatus of the present invention has the above-described configuration, so that liquid can be fed into the cavity (4). This makes it possible to test the interaction of biomolecules in real time through the transparent electrode (2) while delivering a solution containing the target biomolecule. Also, while changing the concentration of the target biomolecule in the solution, It is possible to observe the state of interaction of biomolecules in the cavity while not feeding molecules!
- the non-conductive spacer for example, a sheet made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and a silicon film is formed so that holes corresponding to the cavity (4) are formed. In addition, it can be produced by punching into a desired shape.
- the material of the non-conductive spacer is not limited to the above, and can be appropriately selected in consideration of ease of processing.
- the distance between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2) can be controlled by the thickness of the non-conductive spacer (3).
- the biomolecules of the microarray (1) of the microarray (1) and the microarray (1) of the counter electrode (2) were immobilized.
- the distance between the surface and the opposing surface is preferably 10 to 300 m.
- the thickness of the non-conductive spacer (3) is such that the biomolecule of the microarray (1) of the microarray (1) and the surface of the microarray (1) of the counter electrode (2) are immobilized.
- the distance can be appropriately set in consideration of the distance between the surface and the opposite surface, and can be set to 10 to 300 m, for example.
- the non-conductive spacer 1 may have an adhesive layer on both sides thereof.
- the non-conductive spacer can be bonded to the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2) by this adhesive layer.
- the microarray (1) is bonded to one surface of the non-conductive spacer (3) and the counter electrode (2) is bonded to the other surface, so that the hole portion provided in the above-mentioned spacer seal is provided.
- a cavity (4) is formed.
- the device of the present invention having the cavity (4) formed by the microarray (1), the non-conductive spacer (3), and the counter electrode (2) can be configured.
- the adhesive of the adhesive layer preferably contains a photocurable resin. Since the photocurable resin is cured by irradiating light and loses its adhesive strength, if the adhesive contains the photocurable resin, the non-conductive spacer (3) Can remove the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2).
- a photocurable resin for example, a known photocurable resin such as an ultraviolet curable resin can be used.
- the device of the present invention has a conductive property on the microarray (1) from the side of the microarray (1).
- the device of the present invention has two through-holes (5) communicating with the cavity (4) in the microarray (1), and liquid can be fed through these through-holes.
- the liquid feeding / electric field can be applied anyway. Since it can also be performed from the microarray (1) side, the observation can be performed smoothly without anything that interferes with the observation of the interaction of biomolecules with the counter electrode (2) side force.
- At least a part of the surface of the conductive material (6) on the microarray (1) is in contact, and It further has a conductive member (7) that is not in contact with the counter electrode (2), and the conductive material surface (6) on the substrate is connected to an external power source via the conductive member (7).
- An apparatus having the configuration described above can be given.
- the conductive material constituting the conductive member (7) include gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium, conductive oxide (for example, In O ZS
- conductive plastics for example polyacetylene
- the conductive material is applied to the microarray (1).
- a through-hole (8) that communicates with the active material (7) and a through-hole (9) that communicates with the counter electrode (2) are provided. Through these through-holes (8) and (9), the microarray (1) Connect the surface of the conductive material (6), the counter electrode (2) and the external power supply! ⁇ .
- the above-described through-hole can be provided at the time of molding, for example, when a microarray substrate is molded.
- the through hole can also be provided by die cutting or the like.
- the apparatus of the present invention preferably further includes temperature control means such as a heater.
- the interaction can be further promoted by controlling the environment around the biomolecule to a temperature suitable for the interaction by the temperature control means.
- the temperature control means is preferably provided on the microarray side. This makes it possible to perform temperature control without hindering observation from the counter electrode (2) side.
- test method I One aspect of the biomolecule interaction test method of the present invention is as follows: A biomolecule microarray (1) having biomolecules immobilized on a substrate and a transparent electrode (2) (counter electrode) provided to face the surface on which the biomolecules of the microarray are immobilized. A non-conductive spacer (3) between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2); the microarray (1), the spacer (3), and the counter electrode; (2) The cavity (4) is formed by the biomolecule interaction test method using the apparatus,
- the microarray (1) has a conductive material surface (6) on at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized,
- An electric field is applied between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2), and a solution containing the target biomolecule and a solution containing Z or the target biomolecule are sent to the cavity (4). Detecting the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray and the target biomolecule optically through the counter electrode while immersing.
- test method II Another aspect of the biomolecule interaction test method of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as “test method II”) is a biomolecule microarray (1) in which biomolecules are immobilized on a substrate and the bioarray biomolecules. It has a transparent electrode (2) (counter electrode) provided so as to face the surface on which molecules are immobilized, and a non-conductive spacer is interposed between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2). A cavity (3), and a cavity (4) is formed by the microarray (1), the spacer (3), and the counter electrode (2)!
- An action test method comprising:
- the microarray (1) has a conductive material surface (6) on at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized,
- the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray and the target biomolecule is optically detected through the counter electrode during holding or discharging of the solution.
- test method I an electric field is applied between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2), and a solution containing a target biomolecule and Z or target are applied to the cavity (4).
- the method includes optically detecting the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray and the target biomolecule through the counter electrode while feeding a biomolecule-free! / Salt solution.
- an electric field is applied between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2) to promote the interaction of biomolecules, while the biomolecules interact with each other while feeding the solution. The action can be observed in real time through the counter electrode (2).
- a solution containing a target biomolecule is first sent to interact the biomolecule on the microarray with the target biomolecule, and then the solution containing no target biomolecule is sent. While the inside of the cavity is washed by liquefaction, the state of interaction of the biomolecules in the cavity during that time can also be observed through the counter electrode. Furthermore, the interaction of biomolecules can be observed while sequentially changing the concentration of target biomolecules in the solution to be fed into the cavity.
- Test Method II an electric field is applied between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2), and the cavity (4) is filled with a solution containing a target biomolecule. Discharging the solution after holding for a predetermined time, and optically detecting the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray and the target biomolecule through the counter electrode during or after holding the solution. To do.
- an electric field is applied between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2) while filling the cavity (4) with the solution containing the target biomolecule and holding it for a predetermined time. The interaction of biomolecules can be promoted by observing and the interaction can be observed through the counter electrode (2) during the retention or discharge of the target biomolecule.
- Test Method II after the solution containing the target biomolecule is discharged or discharged, the solution containing the target biomolecule and the solution that does not contain Z or the target biomolecule are newly filled in the cavity. The solution in the cavity can also be exchanged.
- a voltage is applied between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2).
- the electric field can be appropriately set within a range in which the effect of concentrating the target biomolecules by electrophoresis or dielectrophoresis can be obtained while taking into account the distance between the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2). , 0.01-: LOMVZm.
- the conductive material surface (6) and the counter electrode (2) on the microarray (1) are connected to an external power source, and the microarray ( It is preferable to apply an electric field between 1) and the counter electrode (2).
- the biomolecular interaction test apparatus of the present invention having the through hole (8) leading to the conductive member (7) and the through hole (9) leading to the counter electrode (2), The conductive member (7) and the counter electrode (2) are connected to the terminal of the external power source through the through hole (8) leading to the conductive member (7) and the through hole (9) leading to the counter electrode (2).
- the conductive material surface (6) and the counter electrode (2) on the microarray (1) are connected to an external power source, and the microarray (1) and the counter electrode (2) are connected to each other.
- An electric field can be applied between the two.
- the solution is injected into the cavity through the through-hole (5) communicating with the cavity of the microarray (1), and Z Alternatively, the solution can be discharged from the above-mentioned cavity.
- the counter electrode (2) side can observe the interaction of biomolecules with the counter electrode (2) side force. Since there is no obstacle, observation can be performed smoothly.
- the above-described solution containing the target biomolecule (hereinafter, also referred to as "target biomolecule solution”! Can contain a buffer.
- Preferred buffers used for the target biomolecule solution include those having a dissociation constant (pKa) of about 6-8.
- pKa dissociation constant
- the pH is in the neutral range, so use a buffer that has a buffer capacity in the neutral range. It is preferable.
- buffers containing the following buffer substances include ferulalanin, carnosine, arginine, histidine, MES (2- (N-morpholine) Ethanesulfonic acid), maleic acid, 3,3-dimethyldaltaric acid, carbonic acid, 4-hydroxymethylimidazole, citrate, dimethylaminoethylamine, prophosphoric acid, glycerol-2-phosphate, PIPES (piperazine- ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (2-ethanesulfonic acid)), ethylenediamine, imidazole, MOPS (3- (N-morpholine) propanesulfonic acid), phosphoric acid, TES (N-tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-amino Ethanesulfonic acid), 4-methylimidazole, HEPES (N-2-hydroxychetylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid), N-ethyl morpholine, triethanolamine, tris (tris (
- the conductivity of the buffer used in the target biomolecule solution is excessively high, the concentration effect of the target biomolecule may be reduced due to the movement of ions in the buffer. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to use a buffer having a conductivity of 10 to 500 ⁇ —, and it is more preferable to use a buffer having a conductivity of 10 to: L00 ⁇ _1 ⁇ . If the conductivity of the buffer is within the above range, the interaction of biomolecules can be favorably promoted. Further, it is preferable to adjust the concentration of the koffer as appropriate so that the conductivity within the above range can be obtained.
- the buffer include buffers containing phenylalanine, histidine, carnosine, and arginine as buffer substances.
- a target biomolecule solution containing phenylalanin particularly high hybridization signal intensity can be obtained.
- fluoranin is a buffer substance that is particularly effective in the present invention that promotes the interaction of biomolecules by applying an electric field.
- the electric field applied between the microarray and the electrode is preferably set as appropriate according to the buffer to be used so that a high biomolecule interaction promoting effect can be obtained.
- the buffer to be used For example, when pheralin is used as a buffer, 0.5 to 1.0 MV / m, for histidine, 0.5 to 1. OMV / m, for carnosine, 0.25 to In the case of 0.75 MV Zm and arginine, it is preferable to apply an electric field in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 MVZm.
- Test Methods I and II the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray (1) and the target biomolecule is optically detected through the counter electrode (2).
- the optical detection method examples include a method using a fluorescence detector, a confocal detector, a confocal laser fluorescence microscope, and a fluorescence microscope.
- the target biomolecule is preferably fluorescently labeled in order to detect interaction between biomolecules by detecting fluorescence with a confocal detector. Fluorescent labeling of the target biomolecule can be performed by a known method.
- the biomolecule immobilized on the microarray (1) may be fluorescently labeled. Fluorescent labeling of biomolecules immobilized on the microarray can also be performed by a known method.
- the biomolecule interaction test apparatus of the present invention having a protruding spot on the substrate can be used.
- the interaction between the biomolecule on the microarray and the target biomolecule can be detected by the confocal detector through the counter electrode.
- the principle of detection of reflected light and fluorescence by the confocal detector is as described above.
- a spot is reflected by a reflection image using a confocal detector and the principle described above. By specifying the size and position, automatic glitting can be performed.
- the protruding spot on the microarray can be detected as a reflected image due to the difference in reflected light intensity due to the height and Z or shape difference between the protruding spot on the surface of the microarray and the other part.
- the focus of the confocal detector is adjusted to the height of the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot on the microarray, , That is, fluorescently labeled biomolecules (biomolecules immobilized on the spot and Z or target biomolecules) force on the spot plane is selectively detected and a fluorescent image corresponding to the spot is obtained.
- an interaction on the microarray can be identified, and a spot can be identified, and the degree of interaction can be measured by the fluorescence intensity.
- an intercalator is used by using a fluorescent intercalator that specifically stains a double-stranded nucleic acid. Interactions can also be detected by measuring fluorescence from scratch.
- a confocal fluorescence scanner that can detect reflected light and fluorescence simultaneously.
- An example of such a device is shown in FIG.
- the excitation light generated from the excitation light source (laser) 21 is irradiated to the sample (microarray) 25 through the mirror 22, the dichroic mirror one mirror 23, the mirror 26, and the objective lens 24.
- Reflected light is reflected through objective lens 24, mirror 26, dichroic mirror 23 (transmits part of the reflected light (less than a few percent)), dichroic mirror 27, neutral density filter 28, detection lens 29, and pinhole 30 Guided to the light detection unit 31.
- the fluorescence passes through the two dichroic mirrors 23 and 27, is reflected by the mirror 32, and is guided to the fluorescence detection unit 36 through the cut filter 33, the detection lens 34, and the pinhole 35.
- the projected spot on the microarray is detected as a reflected image due to the difference in reflected light intensity due to the difference in height and Z or shape between the projected spot on the surface of the microarray and the other part, and at the same time, By detecting the fluorescence from the spot, the interaction of biomolecules can be detected.
- the present invention further relates to a method for measuring the melting temperature of a biomolecule, characterized by using the biomolecule interaction test method of the present invention described above.
- Biomolecules such as nucleic acids undergo significant changes in the three-dimensional structure at a certain temperature when heated, and changes in force that correspond to phase transitions are observed.
- the temperature at this time is called the melting temperature.
- the biomolecule melting temperature measurement method of the present invention for example, when the biomolecule is a nucleic acid, a solution containing the target nucleic acid and the double-stranded detection reagent is held in the cavity, and the probe nucleic acid and the target nucleic acid on the microarray are retained.
- the free state of the probe nucleic acid force of the target nucleic acid in the cavity is detected in real time. Can be observed, whereby the melting temperature of the nucleic acid can be measured.
- a double-stranded detection reagent ethidium bromide can be used, and as a commercial product, for example, SYBR (trademark) Green I manufactured by Takara Bio Inc. can be used.
- melting can be achieved by using fluorescently labeled target DNA molecules without using double-stranded nucleic acid detection reagents. The temperature can also be measured.
- the present invention further relates to a nucleic acid sequence detection method characterized by using the aforementioned biomolecule interaction test method of the present invention.
- the temperature in the cavity is increased after the target nucleic acid and the probe nucleic acid are neutralized using the biomolecule interaction test method of the present invention,
- the melting behavior of the target nucleic acid from the probe nucleic acid in the cavity can be observed, and based on this, the sequence of the target nucleic acid can be detected.
- the nucleic acid sequence detection method of the present invention it is possible to detect a nucleotide sequence difference from a completely complementary sequence, for example, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP).
- SNP single nucleotide polymorphism
- the second aspect of the present invention is:
- a solution containing a target biomolecule is disposed between a biomolecule microarray having one or more spots with biomolecules immobilized on the substrate surface and an electrode (counter electrode) facing the substrate surface, A method of causing a biomolecule immobilized on a substrate surface to interact with a target biomolecule,
- the microarray has a conductive material surface on at least a part of a surface on which a biomolecule is immobilized
- the method is characterized in that a voltage is applied at a frequency of 0.01 to: LOHz between the surface of the conductive material and the counter electrode to promote the interaction.
- the biomolecule microarray used in the second aspect of the present invention is produced by immobilizing a biomolecule on a substrate, and is electrically conductive on at least a part of the surface on which the biomolecule is immobilized. It has an active substance surface.
- the substrate may be a substrate in which the entire substrate is a conductive material or a substrate having a conductive material coating layer on the substrate surface.
- the conductive substance is, for example, a metal (eg, gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium), a conductive oxide (eg, In 2 O 3 / SnO 2), or a conductive material.
- a metal eg, gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium
- a conductive oxide eg, In 2 O 3 / SnO 2
- It can be an electrically conductive plastic (eg, polyacetylene).
- a metal force capable of binding to thiol as the conductive material, probe nucleic acid immobilization can be performed using the bond between the metal and thiol.
- the conductive material can be selected from materials that reflect light.
- the substrate is a substrate having a conductive material coating layer
- such a substrate is formed on the surface of a substrate such as glass, quartz, silicon, plastic, specifically, polypropylene.
- a substrate such as glass, quartz, silicon, plastic, specifically, polypropylene.
- covered the active substance can be mentioned.
- the thickness of the conductive material coating layer on the substrate is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 0.1 to: LO / z m.
- Such a substrate can be produced by a known method, and some of the substrates are commercially available.
- the substrate used in the second embodiment can be a substrate having a flat surface.
- the substrate used in the second aspect has a biomolecule-fixing spot (protruding spot portion) that protrudes from the surface of the substrate and has a spot plane on the top, and at least the protruding spot portion is conductive.
- the surface other than the protruding spot portion on the substrate may have a conductive material coating layer, and the terminal can be energized with the force contained in the conductive material coating layer or with the conductive material coating layer. be able to.
- the conductive material coating layer and the conductive material surface of the protruding spot are preferably provided as an integral conductive material coating layer.
- a substrate examples include the aforementioned substrates I and II. The details are as described above. Further, the immobilization of the biomolecule on the substrate in the second aspect is as described in the first aspect.
- an electrode (counter electrode) is arranged so as to face the substrate surface on which the biomolecule is immobilized.
- the target biomolecule contained in the solution disposed between the substrate and the counter electrode is It selectively moves to the substrate side and is concentrated near the substrate surface.
- the counter electrode is not particularly limited as long as it can generate an electric field between the biomolecule microarray and the counter electrode.
- the counter electrode may be one in which the entire electrode is made of gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium, conductive oxide, or conductive plastic force.
- the counter electrode may be formed on a surface of the substrate facing the surface of the conductive material, such as gold, nickel, platinum, silver, titanium, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, chromium, a conductive oxide, or a conductive material. It can have a conductive material coating layer that also has plastic strength.
- the counter electrode is a transparent electrode such as ITO (indium tin oxide) or tin oxide
- a fluorescence detector is simultaneously formed on the transparent electrode during the interaction of biomolecules. Etc. can be used to detect the interaction of biomolecules in real time.
- the substrate constituting the biomolecule microarray is a transparent conductive coating layer on a light-transmitting glass or plastic, or the entire substrate is made of a transparent conductive material. Similarly, the interaction can be detected in real time.
- a voltage is applied at a frequency of 0.01 to LOHz between the surface of the conductive material and the counter electrode.
- the frequency of the voltage applied between the surface of the conductive material of the substrate and the counter electrode is 0.01 to LOLOHz. If the frequency is less than 0.01 Hz, the number of times the target biomolecule is concentrated in the vicinity of the substrate surface within a certain time is reduced, and the effect of promoting the interaction is reduced. If the frequency exceeds 10 Hz, the solution containing the target biomolecule may be electrolyzed to generate bubbles.
- the frequency is preferably 0.01 to 1 Hz.
- the voltage applied between the surface of the conductive material of the substrate and the counter electrode is preferably 0.1 to 4V. When the voltage is within the above range, the interaction of biomolecules can be promoted without electrolysis or heat generation.
- the voltage is preferably 1 to 3V.
- the solution containing the target biomolecule preferably contains a cation. This is due to the following reasons.
- the present inventors apply a voltage at a frequency of 0.01 to: LOHz between the conductive material surface of the substrate and the counter electrode to generate an electric field, so that even when the solution contains cations.
- the target biomolecules can be selectively moved to the substrate side and concentrated to increase the reaction efficiency of the interaction.
- EAF electroosmotic flow
- a hybridization solution is used to increase the interaction between the biomolecules, that is, the efficiency of hybridization between the target nucleic acid and the probe nucleic acid. It is preferable that a cation is contained in. This is a cachi This is because the negative charge of the phosphate group of the nucleic acid is canceled out by the positive positive charge, and the reactivity between the probe nucleic acid and the target nucleic acid is increased. Therefore, if a cation is added to the target nucleic acid solution, the hybridization efficiency can be further enhanced by the effect of the cation in addition to the effect of promoting the hybridization by applying a voltage.
- the voltage used in the method is not particularly limited, and a sine wave AC voltage, a rectangular wave AC voltage, a standing wave DC voltage, a pulse wave DC voltage, or the like can be used.
- a pulse wave DC voltage is preferably used.
- the voltage is preferably applied so as to include at least a period in which the voltage is applied so that the substrate surface is negatively charged.
- an electric field is applied so that the substrate side is negatively charged. Preferred.
- the cations contained in the solution are attracted to the substrate side, so that the target biomolecule can be selectively moved to the substrate side by the solution flow generated by the movement of the cations.
- the method it is preferable to perform an operation of stirring the solution containing the target biomolecule while no voltage is applied between the surface of the conductive material and the counter electrode.
- the solution can be stirred during the period of voltage application (while no voltage is applied).
- the target biomolecule can be selectively moved to the substrate side with the movement of the cation diffused in the solution.
- the target biomolecules can be sequentially moved to the substrate side and efficiently concentrated near the substrate surface.
- Examples of the stirring method of the solution include a method in which the entire reaction vessel is rotated with a rotary oven, a liquid feeding port connected to the inside of the chamber is provided, and a pump such as a peristaltic pump and a rotary pump is connected with a tube to connect the chamber. It is possible to use a method in which the solution inside is reciprocally stirred.
- the cation includes sodium ion, potassium ion, lithium ion, magnesium ion
- the group force consisting of lanthanum, calcium ions, and aluminum ions can also be at least one selected. Among the above cations, sodium ions and magnesium ions are preferable.
- the concentration of the cation in the solution is preferably set to an optimum concentration for the interaction in consideration of the type and frequency of the voltage to be applied. For example, 1 to: LOOOmM, preferably 10 to 50 OmM It can be.
- the solution containing the target biomolecule can contain a buffer. It is preferable to use a buffer having a neutral pH buffering capacity, but is not limited thereto. Specifically, for example, a Tris-HC1 buffer can be used as the buffer.
- the temperature of the solution containing the target biomolecule is preferably set to a temperature suitable for interaction, for example, normal temperature (for example, about 20 ° C) to 70 ° C.
- temperature control means such as a heater can also be used. If an excessively high voltage is used, the solution temperature becomes high due to heat generation, so that it may be necessary to strictly control the temperature.
- the method of the first aspect has an advantage that it can be carried out without using a strict temperature control means because an interaction promoting effect can be obtained by a relatively low voltage.
- a spacer having a non-conductive material force can be sandwiched between the substrate and the counter electrode so that the region where the biomolecules are immobilized is not covered.
- the non-conductive spacer is disposed between the substrate and the counter electrode, and the target biomolecule is contained in the space surrounded by the substrate, the counter electrode, and the non-conductive spacer.
- the solution can be filled.
- the non-conductive material include silicon, rubber, glass, and plastic.
- the distance between the substrate and the counter electrode can be set by the thickness of the spacer. The distance between the substrate and the counter electrode can be appropriately set within a range in which the effect of promoting the interaction of biomolecules by applying an electric field can be obtained, and can be set to 30 to 500 ⁇ m, for example.
- the non-conductive spacer can have an adhesive layer on both surfaces thereof, and the substrate and the counter electrode can be bonded to each other by the adhesive layer.
- the adhesive of the adhesive layer is It is preferable to contain a photocurable resin.
- the photocurable resin is cured by irradiating light and loses its adhesive force. Therefore, if the adhesive contains the photocurable resin, if it is irradiated with light, the substrate can be removed from the non-conductive spacer. And the counter electrode can be removed.
- the photocurable resin for example, a known photocurable resin such as an ultraviolet curable resin can be used.
- the interaction can be detected in real time through the counter electrode when the counter electrode is a transparent electrode.
- the substrate constituting the microarray is a substrate in which a transparent conductive coating layer is provided on light-transmitting glass or plastic, or the entire substrate also has a transparent conductive material force.
- real-time detection of substrate power is possible.
- the interaction detection method include a method using a fluorescence detector, a confocal detector, a confocal laser fluorescence microscope, and a fluorescence microscope.
- the target biomolecule is preferably fluorescently labeled. Fluorescent labeling of the target biomolecule can be performed by a known method.
- the biomolecule immobilized on the substrate surface may be fluorescently labeled. Fluorescent labeling of biomolecules immobilized on the substrate can also be performed by a known method.
- a confocal detector when a substrate having a protruding spot portion is used, an interaction between biomolecules can be detected by a confocal detector.
- the principle of detection of reflected light and fluorescence by the confocal detector is as described above.
- automatic glitting can be performed by using a confocal detector and specifying the size and position of the spot from the reflected image according to the principle described above. The details are as described above.
- a confocal fluorescence scanner that can simultaneously detect reflected light and fluorescence.
- the details are as described above.
- a method of transferring biomolecules contained in a solution disposed between a substrate having a conductive material surface at least partially and an electrode (counter electrode) facing the conductive material surface A method of moving the biomolecule toward the substrate or the counter electrode by applying a voltage at a frequency of 0.01 to LOHz between the surface of the conductive material and the counter electrode.
- the details of the substrate, the counter electrode, the biomolecule, the applied electric field, etc. used in the method are as described above for the method of interacting the biomolecule.
- the above-described method of moving a biomolecule can be used to selectively move the biomolecule to the substrate side and concentrate it in the vicinity of the substrate surface, or selectively select the biomolecule to the counter electrode side. It can be used to move and concentrate near the surface of the counter electrode.
- the above-described method for transferring a biomolecule can be used to detect the sequence of a nucleic acid.
- the target nucleic acid that is completely complementary to the probe nucleic acid strongly interacts with the probe nucleic acid.
- a target nucleic acid whose sequence is mismatched with the probe nucleic acid has a weak interaction with the probe nucleic acid. Therefore, when an electric field is applied in the opposite direction, it moves away from the probe nucleic acid and moves to the counter electrode side.
- a difference in base sequence from a completely complementary sequence for example, a monobasic polymorphism (SNP) can be detected.
- SNP monobasic polymorphism
- a mold having a concave portion corresponding to the protruding spot portion formed on the substrate was manufactured.
- an array part made of polycarbonate was produced by injection molding.
- the height of the protruding spot is 200 m
- the spot plane is a square with a side of 90 m.
- the angle with the surface was 95 °.
- a cross-sectional view of the protruding spot portion is shown in FIG.
- chromium was deposited at a rate of 0.08 nmZs to a thickness of 50 nm, and then gold was deposited at a rate of 0.5 nmZs to a thickness of 500 nm.
- the array part shown in FIG. 8 was produced by the above method.
- a 45-mer oligo DNA probe solution 120 M in lx microspotting solution (Telechem) + 0.1% Tween 20 was stamped onto the spot plane on the top of the protruding spot of the array part by DNA arrayer.
- the tip of stamp gold + was a circular one with a diameter of 130 m.
- probe DNA As the probe DNA, the following 11 gene sequences, 45mer oligo DNA, were used.
- beta-actin TTTTGTCCCCCCAACTTGATGTATGAAGGCTTTGGTCTCCCTGGG
- GAPDH GCAGTGGCAAAGTGGAGATTG GCCATCAACGACCCCTTCATTG
- a PEN sheet with an adhesive layer containing 90-nm thick UV-curing grease on both sides was punched out with a mold, and the non-conductive strip shown in Fig. 9 was removed.
- a pacer was produced.
- a polycarbonate cover part was produced by injection molding.
- Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the cover pad.
- the cover part is provided with a recessed part (fitting the counter electrode) for fitting the counter electrode, a hole part (observation window) for observing the inside of the cavity through the counter electrode, and a conductive member (copper made of copper).
- the material was silver-plated
- Cy3-labeled cDNA prepared by labeling mouse brain-derived mRNA with Amersham's Cyscribe cDNA post labeling kit was used as the target DNA.
- Hybridization of this mouse brain-derived Cy3-labeled cDNA target prepared in a 50 mM L-histidine solution at concentrations of 5 ng / 1, 0.5 ng / 1 and 0.05 ng / 1 respectively. Used as a solution.
- This hybridization solution was heat-denatured at 95 ° C. for 2 minutes, and then rapidly cooled at 4 ° C. for 2 minutes, and then used for hybridization.
- Hybridization was performed under the condition of applying a high-frequency AC electric field of 1 MHz 30 Vp-p and with strong force. The results are shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 11, when the electric field was applied, the detection sensitivity was improved by more than 10 times compared to when the electric field was not applied.
- Example 2 Melting temperature measurement, SNP detection
- PM (20 mer of the completely complementary strand; sequence GGACATGG AGTTCCGCGACC), MM (20 mer with one central base different from PM; sequence GG ACATGGAGATCCGCGACC) Went.
- a 21mer (sequence: G GTCGCGGAACTCCATGTCC) complementary to PM labeled with Cy3 at the 5 ′ end was used.
- the melting temperature of MM is about 59 ° C
- a DNA microarray substrate coated with gold is attached to the surface of the substrate so that the nucleic acid solution enters, and the center of the double-sided adhesive film is affixed to the substrate surface, and the ITO electrode is placed on the surface so that the electrode surface faces the substrate. Pasted.
- the part into which the solution enters is made so as to be the one in the chamber, so that the solution can be injected even with a partial force of the adhesive film.
- Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the equipment. As a nucleic acid solution to be filled in the chamber of the apparatus shown in FIG. 14, 0. Cy3-labeled oligo DNA (45mer), 40 mM Tris—HC1 (pH 8.3), 4 mM EDTA, 400 mM NaCl were used.
- This nucleic acid solution is filled in the above chamber, the substrate surface and the ITO electrode are connected to the terminals of the respective electrodes of the AC voltage generator, A sine wave AC voltage was applied at a voltage of 3Vp-p while changing the frequency from 10Hz to 0.01Hz.
- the positions of the arrows indicate the respective frequencies! ], Or the point at which the frequency is changed.
- the curve in the graph is obtained by measuring the amount of nucleic acid molecules in the vicinity of the array surface as the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent label with a confocal laser fluorescence microscope. Higher fluorescence intensity means that nucleic acid molecules are concentrated near the surface of the array. Under these conditions, particularly at frequencies of 0.1 Hz and 0.01 Hz, an increase in fluorescence intensity in accordance with the applied voltage period, ie, nucleic acid concentration was observed.
- Example 3 the waveform pattern of the applied voltage was changed to a sine wave and a rectangular wave, and the relationship between the voltage curve and nucleic acid concentration was examined.
- 0.1 / z M Cy3-labeled oligo DNA (45mer), 40 mM Tris—HC1 (pH 8.3), 4 mM EDTA, 400 mM NaCl were used as the nucleic acid solution.
- the applied voltage was 3 Vp-p, and an alternating voltage was applied as a sine wave and a rectangular wave.
- Figure 16 shows the results. As shown in FIG. 16, an increase in fluorescence intensity corresponding to the voltage waveform was observed for both waveforms. This makes it possible to efficiently concentrate nucleic acids near the substrate surface by applying a voltage, and when the substrate surface is negatively charged regardless of the type of waveform, the nucleic acids gather near the substrate surface and are concentrated. Turned out to be.
- Terminal Cy 3 fluorescently labeled oligo DNA (sequence complementary to GAPDH; 40 mM Tris HCl (pH 8.3), 4 mM EDTA, 400 mM NaCl) was used as the solution.
- Hybridization was performed using the same apparatus and the same voltage application conditions as in Example 5. As a comparison, hybridization was performed even when no voltage was applied.
- Figure 19 shows the results of real-time measurement of changes in fluorescence intensity on the spot during the hybridization reaction using a confocal laser fluorescence microscope.
- the GAPDH spot containing the probe DNA having a sequence complementary to the target DNA shows a rapid increase in fluorescence intensity when voltage is applied compared to when no voltage is applied, and the speed of the hybridization reaction.
- the fluorescence intensity increased about 13 times when the voltage was applied, compared with the case where the voltage was not applied. This indicates that the hybridization reaction has been made highly sensitive by applying a voltage. Furthermore, after a 10-minute reaction by applying a voltage, the fluorescence intensity increased about 6 times compared to the case of reacting for 16 hours without applying a voltage. Thus, the high speed and high sensitivity of the hybridization reaction were achieved by the method of the present invention.
- Example 3 the concentration of protein molecules by applying a low-frequency AC voltage was examined.
- the protein molecule solution used was: LM Cy3-labeled streptavidin, 40 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3), 4 mM EDTA, 400 mM NaCl.
- the applied voltage was 3 Vp-p, and an alternating voltage of 0.1 Hz was applied.
- FIG. As shown in Fig. 21, even when protein molecules are used as biomolecules, the fluorescence intensity increases according to the voltage waveform, and it is confirmed that protein molecules are concentrated near the substrate surface by voltage application. It was done. Also in this example, migration and concentration of protein molecules were observed when the substrate side was negatively charged.
- the interaction of biomolecules can be tested in real time while promoting the interaction of biomolecules. Furthermore, according to the present invention, measurement of the melting temperature of biomolecules and detection of mutations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms can be performed easily and rapidly. According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to achieve high speed and high sensitivity of interaction of biomolecules.
- FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of a part of a substrate having a substantially V-shaped bottom surface.
- FIG. 6 Shows an example (partially enlarged view) of a roughened spot plane.
- FIG. 7 A schematic diagram of the optical system of a confocal fluorescence scanner that can detect reflected light and fluorescence simultaneously is shown.
- Example 1 A schematic view of the non-conductive spacer produced in Example 1 is shown.
- FIG. 10 A schematic view of the cover parts produced in the example is shown.
- FIG. 11 shows the results obtained in Example 1 (scatter diagram of the hybridization intensity of dielectric hybridization and non-dielectric hybridization).
- FIG. 12 shows a melting curve obtained in Example 2.
- FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional view of the protruding spot portion on the array part produced in Example 1.
- FIG. 15 shows the results (relationship between applied voltage frequency and nucleic acid concentration) obtained in Example 3.
- FIG. 16 shows the results (relationship between applied voltage waveform and nucleic acid concentration) obtained in Example 4.
- FIG. 17 shows the results obtained in Example 5.
- FIG. 18 shows the results obtained in Example 5.
- FIG. 19 shows the results obtained in Example 6.
- FIG. 20 shows an image obtained by the microarray array scanner obtained in Example 6.
- FIG. 21 shows the results obtained in Example 7.
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Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/791,072 US20100256004A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2005-11-04 | Device of Testing Interaction Between Biomolecules, Method of Testing Interaction Between Biomolecules,Method of Measuring Melting Temperature of Biomolecule,Method of Sequencing Nucleic Acid,Method of Causing Interaction Between Biomolecules,and Method of Causing Migration of Biomolecule |
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| JP2004334302A JP4761241B2 (ja) | 2004-11-18 | 2004-11-18 | 生体分子の相互作用試験装置、生体分子の相互作用試験方法、生体分子の融解温度測定方法、核酸の配列検知方法 |
| JP2004-334302 | 2004-11-18 | ||
| JP2004-336333 | 2004-11-19 | ||
| JP2004336333A JP4610309B2 (ja) | 2004-11-19 | 2004-11-19 | 生体分子を相互作用させる方法、および、生体分子を移動させる方法 |
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| JP2015001394A (ja) * | 2013-06-13 | 2015-01-05 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 被覆体、及び被覆体の使用方法 |
| JPWO2014083766A1 (ja) * | 2012-11-30 | 2017-01-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 試料保持担体およびそれを用いた蛍光検出装置 |
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| WO2015128737A2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-09-03 | C.Y. O'connor Erade Village Foundation Inc. | Methods and systems for measuring melting temperatures |
| US11635431B2 (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2023-04-25 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Apparatus for analyzing and detecting interactions and reactions of molecules |
| CN109603940A (zh) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-12 | 苏州奥素液芯电子科技有限公司 | 基于铝和三氧化二铝复合电极的电润湿微流体系统 |
| JP7714330B2 (ja) * | 2020-09-08 | 2025-07-29 | デンカ株式会社 | 偽陽性の抑制により特異性を改善した検査キット |
| JP7714329B2 (ja) * | 2020-09-08 | 2025-07-29 | デンカ株式会社 | 偽陰性の抑制により特異性を改善した検査試薬 |
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| JP2015001394A (ja) * | 2013-06-13 | 2015-01-05 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 被覆体、及び被覆体の使用方法 |
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