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WO2006053927A1 - Moteur electrique - Google Patents

Moteur electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006053927A1
WO2006053927A1 PCT/ES2005/000626 ES2005000626W WO2006053927A1 WO 2006053927 A1 WO2006053927 A1 WO 2006053927A1 ES 2005000626 W ES2005000626 W ES 2005000626W WO 2006053927 A1 WO2006053927 A1 WO 2006053927A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
electric
stator
shaft
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2005/000626
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José Luis DIAZ GONZALEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2006053927A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006053927A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/145—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having an annular armature coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/06—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices
    • H02K29/08—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with position sensing devices using magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-plates, magneto-resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/47—Air-gap windings, i.e. iron-free windings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric motor having characteristics such that it allows to achieve high performance, based on the fact that the magnetic fields produced in the fixed part or stator of the motor are applied directly on the magnetic fields of the moving part or rotor, achieving a counter-electric force much lower than that generated in electric motors of direct current.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a high performance electric motor, intended for traction and electric power generation.
  • electric motors basically comprise an inductor or stator, an armature or rotor and a switch to change the direction of the current inside the windings of the rotor or armature, this being mechanically supported by a shaft or shaft, by which can be coupled to other machines or devices to which the -energy -Hieeániea ⁇ is transferred
  • the performance of electric motors is always less than 100%, since when the rotor rotates the counter-electromotive force that is generated is always lower than the applied electromotive force, and where the electrical power transformed into mechanical power by the motor, expressed in watts, is equal to the product of the counter-electromotive force by the intensity of the current applied, whose result must be subtracted from losses in iron, hysteresis and eddy currents, as well as mechanical losses of speed friction, after which the engine performance will be taken.
  • the engine that is recommended has been designed to achieve a high increase in performance compared to conventional motors, based on the fact that the magnetic fields produced in the propellant or stator part are applied directly on the magnetic fields generated in the moving part or rotor, thereby achieving that the force - counter-electromotive "" is "" very “”” inferior to that conventionally originated.
  • the engine of the invention comprises a rotor solidarity mounted on the corresponding axis, rotor that has a cylindrical configuration and determines a permanent magnet of two poles, with the orientation and magnetization through the diameter; with the particularity that on both sides of the rotor and mounted on the shaft itself there are arranged the respective ball bearings, one front and one rear, which are the support points of the shaft, complementing with side or end locking caps that they close the cylindrical housing containing the rotor with its axis.
  • an electric switching disc consisting of non-magnetic material, is mounted in solidarity, being that carrier disk of a permanent magnet intended to activate four mounted Hall effect sensors, with a 90 ° angular distance, in a printed circuit attached to the corresponding rear cover cover of the housing in which the rotor is located with its axis, with the particularity that the sensors are fixed on the face of the printed circuit facing the disk of electrical switching, since on the opposite side the corresponding electronic components are mounted to perform, by means of a power semiconductor, the electrical switching.
  • the aforementioned magnet provided on the switching disk marks the control of the position of the magnetic poles of the rotor, in relation to the magnetic poles of the stator, a magnet that is in the form of a ring segment with a 90 ° arc and the necessary length to keep the respective sensor activated, until the rotor advance activates the following sensor, ⁇ this " advance " corresponds to a " sequence " of ' con ⁇ nutáció ⁇ ' eTéct ⁇ icáy POSTLO that four electrical switching sequences are performed for each revolution of the rotor.
  • a rear cover fixed to the respective cover of the housing in which the rotor is housed covers and protects precisely the mentioned components corresponding to the switching disc and the printed circuit with the elements associated therewith.
  • the electrical switching can also be obtained by means of a switching ring based on sliding electrical contacts, a ring that will be integrally mounted on the rear extension of the shaft, being a carrier of three elements, two of them constituted by two electric conductive rings in which they contact two electric brushes for the power inlet, while the third element is constituted by two segments of electric conductive ring, each of amplitude corresponding to that of an arc of 90 ° minus the length of the arc that occupies the brush of electrical contact, said segments being equidistant from each other on the mounting element thereof.
  • four output electrical contact brushes are arranged to feed the stator, brushes fixed to the motor housing and electrically insulated, being positioned at a distance of 90 ° from each other around the elements of the segments.
  • the motor stator is determined by an inner electro-magnetic loop and an outer electromagnetic loop, forming between both loops a propellant yoke or stator itself, in whose interior the axis and the corresponding rotor are located, so that these two elements and the 3'ugo propeller itself may be housed ⁇ ' OOnjuntame ⁇ e " in " the Interior ⁇ e the cylindrical housing whose internal wall is adapted to that the two loops are firmly embedded in said housing wall and the rotor shaft perfectly fixed, by means of the support bearings that are fitted in the covers of Extreme closure of the housing and that are attached to it conveniently.
  • Each loop consists of two symmetrical sections and each section with an insulated electrical conductor wire, which is wound in a rectangular format, well compacted, protected and consolidated by a structural adhesive for mechanical and thermo-conductive stresses, all in such a way that the union with each other, perpendicularly between the two loops, crossing centrally, determines a free space on the sides for the output of the corresponding rotor shaft, as well as steps for the output of the electrical connections that allow the electro-motive force to be applied correspondent.
  • the application of the motor to propel an electric generator is presented by joining the motor shaft jointly to the generator shaft, or by mounting the motor and the generator on the same axis, forming a unit with the quality of behaving like an electric power amplifier, these units being able to be coupled in series in such a way that the electric potential produced by the generator of the first unit is applied to the input to power the motor of the second unit, and so on, having Keep in mind that the motor and generator of each unit must have their capacity adapted to the potential they must generate.
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section view of the electric motor made in accordance with the object of the invention.
  • Figure 2. Shows a perspective view of the two sections that constitute one of the electro-magnetic loops of the so-called propellant yoke constituting the motor stator.
  • Figure 3. Shows a schematic detail corresponding to the representation of direct application technology to generate the electro-magnetic motor torque.
  • Figure 4. Shows a perspective view of the cross and perpendicular arrangement of the two electro-magnetic loops constituting the stator, with the extreme steps for the rotor shaft, as well as the electrical connections of both loops.
  • Figure 5. Shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the electric motor object of the invention.
  • the motor of the invention comprises a movable part or rotor (I) constituting a permanent magnet of two poles N and S, as shown in Figure I 5 whose rotor (1) is mounted on a shaft (2) that rests on respective bearings (3) provided in the end caps (4) that close the cylindrical housing (5) in which said rotor is housed with its shaft.
  • Such a rotor is of cylindrical configuration with the orientation of magnetization through the diameter, having the cylindrical shape sectioned in the interpolar zones to form the straight faces, which cause the rotor to rotate to force forced air, constituting a stator cooling system.
  • the permanent magnet corresponding to the rotor (1) referred to can be constituted in any suitable material, the hard ferrite being suitable for its economy, although other materials with more capacity to magnetize magnetic energy can be used, such as for example the neodymium or a composition of samarium-cobalt, taking into account that the more magnetized magnetic energy the rotor has in the same volume, the greater the performance and capacity of the motor, in relation to its size.
  • the ends of the rotor shaft (2) exceed the end caps (4), so that the end considered as anterior corresponds to the output to apply the mechanical power of the motor, while on the rear end of said shaft (2) a switching disc is mounted —electric- (6) ⁇ built " e ⁇ ' ⁇ ün i non-magnetic material and light in nature, such as Nylon ⁇ being that disk (6) carrying a permanent magnet (7 ) intended to activate four sensors (8) Hall effect, switches type, mounted on a printed circuit (9) attached to the closing cover posterior (4), so that these sensors (8) are mounted on the face of the printed circuit (9) facing the disk (6), the arrangement of those being angularly equidistant, with a 90 ° offset from each other.
  • the electronic components are mounted to perform, by means of power semiconductors, the electrical switching.
  • the permanent magnet (7) As for the permanent magnet (7) provided on the disk (6), it marks the control of the position of the magnetic poles of the rotor, in relation to the magnetic poles of the stator, in the form of a segment or arc ring of 90 ° and with the length necessary to keep the sensor activated, until the rotor advance activates the next sensor (8), this advance corresponding to an electrical switching sequence, so that for each revolution of the rotor (1) four electrical switching sequences
  • the electrical switching can be carried out by means of a switching ring, by sliding electrical contacts, the ring of which will be integrally mounted on the rear extension of the shaft (2) and will be constituted in resistant and electrical insulating material, for example tefion , bearer of three elements, two of them
  • One of the segments is electrically connected to one of the rings of the power inlet, while the other segment is connected to the other ring, so that the most suitable position of the elements in the ring will be, in the center the element of switching formed by two segments of electric conductor ring, and on both sides the elements of the input for power, formed by the two electrical conductor rings.
  • four output electrical contact brushes are arranged to feed the stator, whose brushes are fixed to the motor housing and electrically insulated, being positioned at a distance of 90 ° from each other around the element of the segments, taking into account that the switching segments in the ring and the brushes attached to the housing mark the control of the position respectively of the magnetic poles of the rotor, in relation to the magnetic poles of the rotor stator.
  • the two brushes for the power input that contact the two electric conductive rings are fixed to the housing and are electrically isolated, having no determined position around their elements in the ring.
  • the stator of the motor it is determined by two electro-magnetic loops, one inside (11) and one outside (12), forming between them a propeller yoke inside which the shaft (2) and the rotor itself are located (1), so that in this position, the shaft, rotor and yoke are inserted into the housing ⁇ conte ⁇ edOraT (5) whose inner wall will be adapted so that the two loops (11) and (12) are firmly embedded in said inner wall, and the shaft (2) of the rotor (1) perfectly fixed by means of the support bearings (3) that are attached to the closing caps (4) fixed conveniently to the housing (5), this being constituted in non-magnetic material and preferably thermo-conductive, for example, aluminum, with an outlet for the electrical connections.
  • the electro-magnetic loops (11) and (12) are constituted by two symmetrical sections (13), as can be seen in Figure 2, each of which is constituted by an insulated electrical conductor wire, which is wound in a rectangular format, well compacted, protected and consolidated, by a structural adhesive for mechanical and thermo-conductive reinforcements, sections (13) that are provided with extreme preforms (14) which, in the coupling with each other to form the assembly represented in the Figure 4 in which the rotor (1) with its shaft (2) will be housed, allow the passage of the shaft ends (2) precisely, that is, those extreme conformations or preforms (14) will determine the steps (15) for the shaft (2) of the rotor (1), also providing output for the electrical connections (16) to apply the electro-motor force.
  • Figure 3 schematically depicts what is called direct application technology to generate the electro-magnetic motor torque, so that on the left side, referenced with A of Figure 3, a front cut of the rotor has been represented and the loop, where the orientation of the magnetic energy magnetized through the diameter in the rotor is represented by means of the arrow (17), forming the two poles with the axis (18) as the pivot point and the orientation of the energy magnetic loop represented by the arrows (19), which also represent the two polar inner faces of the loop.
  • FIG 3A that in the position shown the magnetic energy orientation of the rotor is not aligned with the magnetic energy orientation of the loop, which generates an electro-magnetic motor torque that acts in the direction of aligning both energies Magnetic in the same orientation.
  • the electromagnetic torque of the motor comprises a
  • the electric switching cycle in the loop is divided into two half-cycles, in one of which the electric current circulates in a certain direction, 3 ⁇ in the other half-cycle the current circulates in the opposite direction, the switching being carried out in these half-cycles or sequences of alternately in the two loops to maintain the electro-magnetic motor torque throughout the rotor rotation.
  • the two repeated loops (11) and (12) form what has been called the propellant yoke, as the fundamental element of the engine described. .
  • FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the two loops (11) and

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur électrique se caractérisant par le fait qu'il produit un couple électromagnétique permettant d'appliquer directement les champs magnétiques produits dans le stator sur les champs magnétiques du rotor (1). Le stator est composé d'un bloc propulseur constitué de deux enroulements (11) et (12), lesquels sont disposés de façon croisée et perpendiculairement l'un par rapport à l'autre, formant un espace de logement intérieur pour le rotor (1) et son axe (2) correspondant. Tous ces composants sont logés dans un bâti (5) qui comporte, au niveau de sa surface interne, des éléments saillants ou en retrait pour le positionnement et l'encastrement des enroulements (11) et (12) électromagnétiques. La commutation, pour le changement de direction du courant électrique dans le bloc propulseur ou le stator, est établie au moyen d'un disque de commutation (6) monté au niveau de l'extrémité postérieure de l'axe (2), le disque (6) étant équipé d'un aimant permanent (7) qui active, lors de sa rotation, un des quatre capteurs (8) montés sur un circuit imprimé (9) relié au couvercle postérieur (4) du bâti (5) servant de logement au rotor, au bloc propulseur ou au stator et à l'axe (2).
PCT/ES2005/000626 2004-11-16 2005-11-16 Moteur electrique Ceased WO2006053927A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200402752 2004-11-16
ES200402752A ES2264357A1 (es) 2004-11-16 2004-11-16 Motor electrico.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006053927A1 true WO2006053927A1 (fr) 2006-05-26

Family

ID=36406854

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2005/000626 Ceased WO2006053927A1 (fr) 2004-11-16 2005-11-16 Moteur electrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
ES (1) ES2264357A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006053927A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190053951A (ko) * 2016-09-29 2019-05-20 인텔리테크 피티와이 리미티드 직경방향 코일을 갖는 전기 모터

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3483456A (en) * 1966-04-28 1969-12-09 Siemens Ag Brushless direct-current motor with hall-generator control
US3548224A (en) * 1969-03-08 1970-12-15 Siemens Ag Brushless direct-current motor with galvanomagnetic commutation
US3809935A (en) * 1971-09-20 1974-05-07 Siemens Ag Electric motor construction
US5619085A (en) * 1989-12-15 1997-04-08 Shramo; Daniel J. Slotless, brushless, large air-gap electric motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3483456A (en) * 1966-04-28 1969-12-09 Siemens Ag Brushless direct-current motor with hall-generator control
US3548224A (en) * 1969-03-08 1970-12-15 Siemens Ag Brushless direct-current motor with galvanomagnetic commutation
US3809935A (en) * 1971-09-20 1974-05-07 Siemens Ag Electric motor construction
US5619085A (en) * 1989-12-15 1997-04-08 Shramo; Daniel J. Slotless, brushless, large air-gap electric motor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20190053951A (ko) * 2016-09-29 2019-05-20 인텔리테크 피티와이 리미티드 직경방향 코일을 갖는 전기 모터
CN109845072A (zh) * 2016-09-29 2019-06-04 英泰利泰克私人有限公司 具有沿直径设置的线圈的电动马达
KR102268881B1 (ko) 2016-09-29 2021-06-28 인텔리테크 피티와이 리미티드 직경방향 코일을 갖는 전기 모터
CN109845072B (zh) * 2016-09-29 2021-12-14 英泰利泰克私人有限公司 具有沿直径设置的线圈的电动马达

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2264357A1 (es) 2006-12-16

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