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WO2006040394A1 - Four de metallurgie - Google Patents

Four de metallurgie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006040394A1
WO2006040394A1 PCT/FI2005/000432 FI2005000432W WO2006040394A1 WO 2006040394 A1 WO2006040394 A1 WO 2006040394A1 FI 2005000432 W FI2005000432 W FI 2005000432W WO 2006040394 A1 WO2006040394 A1 WO 2006040394A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
furnace
cooling
cooling elements
lining
brick lining
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2005/000432
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Risto Saarinen
Ilkka Kojo
Eero Hugg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Outokumpu Oyj
Metso Corp
Original Assignee
Outokumpu Oyj
Outokumpu Technology Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Outokumpu Oyj, Outokumpu Technology Oyj filed Critical Outokumpu Oyj
Priority to EA200700587A priority Critical patent/EA011189B1/ru
Priority to CA2581979A priority patent/CA2581979C/fr
Priority to CN2005800350165A priority patent/CN101040161B/zh
Publication of WO2006040394A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006040394A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/24—Cooling arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metallurgical furnace that is provided with a refractory lining and an external furnace armour plate. To be more precise, the invention relates to the wall structure of the metallurgical furnace.
  • the bottom structure of metallurgical furnaces such as arc furnaces or flash smelting furnaces consists of bricks that are stacked in layers on top of a concreting or a steel base, the number of brick layers typically being about 2 to 5.
  • the wall structure in the furnaces consists of one or more layers of bricks inside the furnace, and a steel surface, i.e., a steel mantle that sur ⁇ rounds and supports it on the outside.
  • the temperatures in such furnaces typi ⁇ cally rise to over one thousand degrees Celsius. In the case of copper or nickel, the temperature of the melt is about 1250 to 1300 Q C and that of iron is about 1500 Q C. Because of the high temperatures, it is necessary to arrange extra cooling in the furnaces.
  • Publication WO 01/20045 describes a furnace, which is provided with a refrac- tory lining and an external furnace armour plate and which has copper cooling plates. These cooling plates are provided with cooling pipes, through which the cooling agent, generally water, flows. The pipework is welded directly together with the external armour plate of the furnace, or spacers are used between them to compensate for any thermal expansion.
  • the cooling plates are ar ⁇ ranged in a planar structure essentially in the direction of the furnace surface and directly next to the steel mantle. A space is left between the steel mantle and the cooling plates/brick lining for the mass layer that is used in the fur ⁇ naces.
  • the purpose of the mass layer is to both receive any expansion in the radial direction of the furnace and the vertical movement of the brick lining in relation to the metal jacket; however, at the same time, it works as an insulating layer preventing the convection of heat through the furnace wall.
  • Publication US 5904893 also presents a solution for the arrangement of copper cooling plates on the furnace wall to cool the same. These plates also have a circulation of cooling liquid arranged inside them, and the cooling plates are ar ⁇ ranged in a planar structure essentially in the direction of the furnace surface. Also in this solution, a space for the layer of mass is left between the steel man ⁇ tle and the cooling element/brick lining, as in the previous solution.
  • Publication US 6416708 presents a furnace that is used in the manufacture of iron, and its wall structure.
  • metal bars are arranged inside the brick course, being in contact with the hot brick courses all the time, and con ⁇ ducting heat away from the brick course.
  • the metal bars can also contain a channel, through which cooling liquid is arranged to flow through the metal part. As the metal bars are fully inside the outer metal surface of the furnace, the wa ⁇ ter circulation thus also takes place essentially fully inside the outer surface.
  • the cooling of the external steel shell is arranged by pouring water along the outer surface of the steel mantle.
  • cooling parts are arranged essentially near the steel mantle of the furnace, and, in the radial direction of the furnace, they extend no further than to a length of about 1/3 from the first and the out ⁇ ermost brick, after which there is at least a second course of bricks arranged inside the furnace.
  • the publication warns not to manufacture cool ⁇ ing parts that extend far inside the brick layer.
  • the furnace wall structure retains a mass layer between the furnace metal shell and the brick Hn- ing.
  • this mass layer is to enable the expansion of the brick lining both in the radial direction and the vertical direction of the furnace in relation to the steel mantle and to seal the furnace wall; however, it also works as an insu ⁇ lating layer between the brick lining and the shell and thus prevents any effi- cient heat transfer from the wall structures.
  • furnaces including a thin steel flange that extends from the mantle towards the inside of the furnace, circulat ⁇ ing around the furnace.
  • the purpose of the flange is to support the brickwork.
  • the cooling capacity of such solutions is of quite another order than that of copper solutions that contain a water circulation, because the heat conductivity of steel is only about one tenth of that of copper.
  • the new wall structure makes it possible to omit the mass layers of prior art furnaces from between the brick lining and the metal shell of the fur ⁇ nace.
  • Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the wall structure of the furnace
  • Fig. 2 shows a simplified view of the entire cross section of the furnace.
  • Fig. 1 shows the wall structure of a metallurgical furnace 1 as a partial cross- sectional view.
  • metallurgical furnaces 1 have a cylindrical shape and their diameter can be as much as from 15 to 20 metres.
  • the tem ⁇ perature in such a furnace 1 in the area of molten material 2 rises to about 1200 to 1500 s C.
  • the refractory lining 3 of the inner part of the wall is brickwork that is made of bricks 4 in layers.
  • the thickness D of the refractory lining 3 in the radial direction of the wall is typically from 1 to 3 bricks 4.
  • the lining 3 is preferably made of one course of bricks.
  • the external part of the wall consists of a steel structure 5 that surrounds the brick lining 3.
  • Part of the bricks 4 are replaced by essentially horizontal ledge-like cooling elements 6, which are de- tachably attached to the steel structure 5 of the wall.
  • One cooling element 6 is a ledge-like piece, which is made of copper and has a length of about 1 metre, typically in the direction of the periphery of the furnace 1.
  • the length of the cooling elements in the direction of the periphery of the furnace 1 can be made longer than what was presented earlier.
  • the manufacturing costs of such curved cool ⁇ ing elements 6 are higher than those of the straight elements. From the point of view of the replaceability of the cooling element 6, a theoretical maximum length of the curved cooling element is half of the circumferential length of the furnace 1.
  • the ledge-like structures which are formed from the cooling elements 6, an essentially continuous structure that circulates the fur ⁇ nace 1 at least in the area of the molten material 2, where the cooling required and the wear of the refractory lining 3 are the greatest. In this way, it is possible to support the lining 3 evenly around the entire furnace 1. Higher up in the fur ⁇ nace 1 , where the wear and the temperature do not necessarily require such a massive cooling and support of the brick lining 3, the annular ledge structure can be made, when so desired, from the cooling elements 6 in the form of a discontinuous ring in the direction of the furnace periphery. This enables a more cost-effective structure in the upper part of the furnace 1.
  • the cooling elements 6 extend through the brick lining 3 to a distance L, which is dependent on the cooling required on the wall.
  • the amount of cooling re ⁇ quired depends on whether the said spot in the brick lining 3 is in con ⁇ tact with the molten material 2, or if it is a spot higher up in the furnace 1 , where the temperature will not rise as high.
  • the properties of the material to be proc- essed e.g., copper, nickel, iron
  • the ledge-like cooling elements 6 in the area of the molten material 2 inside the furnace 1 or its vicinity extend to a length of 50 to 100% of the thick- ness D of the brick lining 3.
  • the brick 10 preferably has a design 11 , the brick 4 above it having a corresponding design 12. The purpose of the designs 11 and 12 is to keep the smaller brick 10 better in place in the brick lining 3.
  • the designs 11 and 12 may vary in their shapes and locations. Only one possible alternative for the implementation is presented herein by way of an example.
  • the cool- ing element 6 typically extends to a length of 20 to 100% of the thickness D of the brick lining 3. It preferably extends to a length of 25 to 100% and most pref ⁇ erably to a length of 30 to 100% of the thickness D of the brick lining.
  • the cooling elements 6 are preferably detachably attached by means of fasten- ing devices, such as bolts 13, to the steel structure 5 above and below the cool ⁇ ing elements.
  • the bolts 13 can go through the cooling elements 6 or they can be fitted to run outside the external surface 8 of the cooling element, as in Fig. 1.
  • the part 14 above the cooling element 6 forms a projection 16, which is directed towards the inside of the fur ⁇ nace 1 , and a projection 25, which is directed towards the outside of the fur ⁇ nace.
  • the part 15 below the cooling element 6 forms a projection 26 outside the furnace 1.
  • the cooling element 6 is placed and attached between the parts 14 and 15 by bolts 13.
  • the outward-directed projections 25 and 26 of these parts 14 and 15 can either be implemented as structures of the same dimen ⁇ sion as the periphery of the furnace 1 or merely as lugs that are provided in the vicinity of the fixing point. If the cooling element breaks and it must be replaced, the inner projection 16 of the part 14 that is above each cooling element 6 supports the brick lining 3 above the cooling element.
  • the projection 16 is preferably manufactured so that it circulates the entire furnace 1 as a continuous peripheral structure, but it can also be made as a discontinuous peripheral structure.
  • a corresponding re ⁇ cess 17 is formed in the brick 4 above the projection 16 for the projection.
  • the length of the projection 16 can be freely selected and it may extend through the entire brick lining 13 at the maximum.
  • the circulation of cooling liquid is arranged in the cooling elements 6 by provid ⁇ ing them with the necessary channels 18 for liquid circulation and members 19 for feeding and discharging the cooling liquid.
  • the channels 18 that run in the cooling elements 6 are preferably located so that they run essentially outside the outer surface 20 of the brick lining 3 of the furnace 1 or on the level of the outer surface. When needed, it is also possible to place the channels 18 so that they run near the outer surface 20 of the brick lining 3, however, inside its outer surface. In that case, we are talking about a length that is half of the thickness D of the brick lining 3, at the maximum. As in no way is the cooling liquid al- lowed to get in contact with the molten material 2, this also enables a safe structure for the cooling elements 6 in addition to an efficient cooling.
  • the cooling element 6 Even if the cooling element 6 started to damage/wear near the interior of the furnace 1 , its damage/wear would be noticed in time before a failure.
  • the observation of the damage/wear and the monitoring of its advance can be implemented, for example, by following the temperature of the cooling liquid that circulates in the cooling elements 6.
  • the cooling elements 6 are made of copper be ⁇ cause of its good thermal conductivity, ensuring a sufficient cooling in the brick lining 3, but other metals can also be used in the manufacture of the cooling elements.
  • the ledge-like cooling elements 6 prevent/decelerate the advance of the wear of the brick lining 3 because of the efficient cooling.
  • An autogenous protective layer is formed, when the temperature of the molten material 2 near the wall of the furnace 1 decreases.
  • the ledge-like structure of the cooling elements 6 also prevents the brick lining 3 from collapsing, al ⁇ though the lining thins to a greater extent in the area between the cooling ele ⁇ ments (in the elevation of the furnace) as a result of using the furnace.
  • the structure of the cooling elements 6 and the furnace wall according to the inven- tion can be used to extend the service life of the brick lining 3 of the furnace 1 , typically, to twice as long compared with the prior art furnaces.
  • the height H of the cooling elements 6 in the elevation of the furnace 1 is in re ⁇ lation to the height of the bricks 4 of the brick lining, and the cooling element is typically of a height of one brick 4. In that case, it is not necessary to manufac ⁇ ture bricks 10 of different thicknesses between the inner surface 7 of the cool ⁇ ing elements 6 and the inner surface 9 of the furnace 1.
  • the typical thickness of a brick in the elevation of the furnace is 3 inches, i.e., about 76mm.
  • the cool ⁇ ing element 6 extends through the entire brick lining 3, its thickness in the ele- vation of the furnace is not tied to the thickness of the bricks 4 but it may be freely dimensioned in a desired way, taking into account the prevailing tempera ⁇ ture and other conditions.
  • the height of the cooling element is from 40 to 120mm, preferably from 50 to 110mm, and most preferably from 60 to 100mm.
  • the distance E in the elevation between the cooling elements 6 also essentially depends on the cooling power needed. In the area of the molten material 2 or in its vicinity, the distance E is typically from 1 to 4 bricks 4, preferably from 2 to 3 bricks 4. When using typical bricks, this means that E is about 75 to 305mm. E is preferably about 150 to 230mm.
  • the distance E in the elevation between the cooling elements 6 higher up in the furnace is typically from 3 to 8 bricks 4, preferably from 4 to 6 bricks. When us ⁇ ing typical bricks 4, this means that E is about 230 to 610mm, preferably about 305 to 460mm.
  • Fig. 2 shows a simplified cross section of the circular furnace 1 as viewed from above. In the middle, there is the molten material 2, which is surrounded by the brick lining 3 of the furnace. Outside the brick lining 3, there is the steel struc ⁇ ture 5 of the furnace, supporting the brick lining on the outside. On the outer edge of the furnace 1 , there is a projection 14, to which a cooling element (not shown in Fig. 2) is attached by fastening devices 13. The fastening devices 13 are illustrated on part of the flange-like continuous projection 14 only.
  • the invention is characterized in that the cooling of the brick lining of the fur- nace is arranged by the same element jointly with its support.
  • the size of the element needed depends on the cooling power required and the location of the elements in the brick lining.
  • the solution according to the invention makes it possible to omit the layer of mass used in prior art furnaces between the furnace brick lining and the steel mantle. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that by varying the dimensioning and the location of the cooling elements in the brick lining of the furnace, various alternatives can be provided to imple ⁇ ment the needed cooling.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet un four (1) de métallurgie, dont la paroi comprend une structure (5) d'acier externe et un chemisage réfractaire disposé à l'intérieur de la structure d'acier, ce chemisage étant constitué d'au moins une assise de briques (4) placées dans le sens de l'épaisseur de la paroi du four (1), et d'éléments (6) de refroidissement saillants, sensiblement horizontaux, placés dans le chemisage de briques de la paroi du four (1), et s'étendant sur une longueur (L), de la surface (20) externe du chemisage (3) de briques, en direction de la surface (9) interne du four (1), cette longueur (L) représentant normalement entre 50 et 100 % de l'épaisseur (D) du chemisage de briques la zone du four (1) où se trouvent les matières (2) en fusion et dans les environs de celle-ci, et entre 20 et 100 % de l'épaisseur du chemisage (3) de briques dans les autres zones. Les éléments (6) de refroidissement sont fixés sur la structure (5) d'acier externe du four (1) au moyen d'éléments (13) de fixation.
PCT/FI2005/000432 2004-10-14 2005-10-11 Four de metallurgie Ceased WO2006040394A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA200700587A EA011189B1 (ru) 2004-10-14 2005-10-11 Металлургическая печь
CA2581979A CA2581979C (fr) 2004-10-14 2005-10-11 Four de metallurgie
CN2005800350165A CN101040161B (zh) 2004-10-14 2005-10-11 冶金炉

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20041331A FI20041331A7 (fi) 2004-10-14 2004-10-14 Metallurginen uuni
FI20041331 2004-10-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006040394A1 true WO2006040394A1 (fr) 2006-04-20

Family

ID=33306028

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2005/000432 Ceased WO2006040394A1 (fr) 2004-10-14 2005-10-11 Four de metallurgie

Country Status (7)

Country Link
CN (1) CN101040161B (fr)
CA (1) CA2581979C (fr)
EA (1) EA011189B1 (fr)
FI (1) FI20041331A7 (fr)
PE (1) PE20060788A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006040394A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200702959B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015144985A1 (fr) 2014-03-25 2015-10-01 Outotec (Finland) Oy Procédé de fabrication d'élément de refroidissement, élément de refroidissement et four métallurgique
US9347708B2 (en) 2011-09-29 2016-05-24 Hatch Ltd. Furnace with refractory bricks that define cooling channels for gaseous media
WO2016083668A1 (fr) 2014-11-25 2016-06-02 Outotec (Finland) Oy Procédé de construction d'un four métallurgique, four métallurgique et élément de refroidissement vertical
US20180003440A1 (en) * 2017-09-06 2018-01-04 Allan J. MacRae Lintel shelf coolers in vertically oriented furnaces
CN107560433A (zh) * 2016-07-01 2018-01-09 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 闪速炉反应塔

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849587A (en) * 1973-10-15 1974-11-19 Hatch Ass Ltd Cooling devices for protecting refractory linings of furnaces
US3953007A (en) * 1973-09-12 1976-04-27 Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.V. Wall construction of a shaft furnace
US3990686A (en) * 1975-02-14 1976-11-09 Toshin Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Furnace for producing steel from scrap steel and the like
JPS5397905A (en) * 1977-02-09 1978-08-26 Nippon Steel Corp Iron sheel type blast furnace
EP0032186A1 (fr) * 1979-11-28 1981-07-22 Annawerk Keramische Betriebe GmbH Garnissage pour fours industriels, en particulier pour fours à cuve, comme hauts-fourneaux ou analogues
JPS5938312A (ja) * 1982-08-27 1984-03-02 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 高炉々壁の冷却方法
JPS5941404A (ja) * 1982-09-02 1984-03-07 Kawasaki Steel Corp 冷却板・ステ−ブ併用高炉における冷却板支持構造
US5565016A (en) * 1994-02-17 1996-10-15 Outokumpu Engineering Contractors Oy Method for suspension smelting

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU407171A1 (ru) * 1972-01-17 1973-11-21 Устройство для охлаждения стен рабочего пространства плавильной печи
AUPM393094A0 (en) * 1994-02-16 1994-03-10 University Of Melbourne, The Internal refractory cooler
NL1008625C2 (nl) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-21 Hoogovens Staal Bv Wandconstructie voor een metallurgisch vat en hoogoven voorzien van een dergelijke wandconstructie en metalen balken ten gebruike daarbij.
FI109233B (fi) * 2000-02-23 2002-06-14 Outokumpu Oy Jäähdytyselementti ja menetelmä jäähdytyselementin valmistamiseksi

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953007A (en) * 1973-09-12 1976-04-27 Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.V. Wall construction of a shaft furnace
US3849587A (en) * 1973-10-15 1974-11-19 Hatch Ass Ltd Cooling devices for protecting refractory linings of furnaces
US3990686A (en) * 1975-02-14 1976-11-09 Toshin Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Furnace for producing steel from scrap steel and the like
JPS5397905A (en) * 1977-02-09 1978-08-26 Nippon Steel Corp Iron sheel type blast furnace
EP0032186A1 (fr) * 1979-11-28 1981-07-22 Annawerk Keramische Betriebe GmbH Garnissage pour fours industriels, en particulier pour fours à cuve, comme hauts-fourneaux ou analogues
JPS5938312A (ja) * 1982-08-27 1984-03-02 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 高炉々壁の冷却方法
JPS5941404A (ja) * 1982-09-02 1984-03-07 Kawasaki Steel Corp 冷却板・ステ−ブ併用高炉における冷却板支持構造
US5565016A (en) * 1994-02-17 1996-10-15 Outokumpu Engineering Contractors Oy Method for suspension smelting

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9347708B2 (en) 2011-09-29 2016-05-24 Hatch Ltd. Furnace with refractory bricks that define cooling channels for gaseous media
US9863707B2 (en) 2011-09-29 2018-01-09 Hatch Ltd. Furnace with refractory bricks that define cooling channels for gaseous media
DE112012004098B4 (de) 2011-09-29 2019-05-02 Hatch Ltd. Öfen mit hitzebeständigen Ziegeln, welche Kühlkanäle für gasförmige Medien definieren
WO2015144985A1 (fr) 2014-03-25 2015-10-01 Outotec (Finland) Oy Procédé de fabrication d'élément de refroidissement, élément de refroidissement et four métallurgique
WO2016083668A1 (fr) 2014-11-25 2016-06-02 Outotec (Finland) Oy Procédé de construction d'un four métallurgique, four métallurgique et élément de refroidissement vertical
CN107560433A (zh) * 2016-07-01 2018-01-09 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 闪速炉反应塔
US20180003440A1 (en) * 2017-09-06 2018-01-04 Allan J. MacRae Lintel shelf coolers in vertically oriented furnaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101040161B (zh) 2010-05-26
ZA200702959B (en) 2008-08-27
PE20060788A1 (es) 2006-09-25
FI20041331L (fi) 2006-04-15
FI20041331A7 (fi) 2006-04-15
CA2581979C (fr) 2014-04-08
EA200700587A1 (ru) 2007-10-26
CA2581979A1 (fr) 2006-04-20
CN101040161A (zh) 2007-09-19
EA011189B1 (ru) 2009-02-27
FI20041331A0 (fi) 2004-10-14

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