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WO2005111189A1 - Chiffons de nettoyage a revetement oleophile, a liaison covalente, utilisation, et procedes de fabrication - Google Patents

Chiffons de nettoyage a revetement oleophile, a liaison covalente, utilisation, et procedes de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005111189A1
WO2005111189A1 PCT/GB2005/001853 GB2005001853W WO2005111189A1 WO 2005111189 A1 WO2005111189 A1 WO 2005111189A1 GB 2005001853 W GB2005001853 W GB 2005001853W WO 2005111189 A1 WO2005111189 A1 WO 2005111189A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oleophilic
plasma
wipe
coating
substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2005/001853
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul John Duffield
Andrew James Goodwin
Stuart Robert Leadley
Malcolm Tom Mckechnie
Liam O'neill
Simon Pugh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reckitt Benckiser UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Reckitt Benckiser UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0410807A external-priority patent/GB2413944B/en
Priority claimed from GB0421158A external-priority patent/GB2418379A/en
Application filed by Reckitt Benckiser UK Ltd filed Critical Reckitt Benckiser UK Ltd
Publication of WO2005111189A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005111189A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
    • C11D17/049—Cleaning or scouring pads; Wipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
    • C11D7/24—Hydrocarbons
    • C11D7/244—Hydrocarbons unsaturated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
    • C11D7/40—Products in which the composition is not well defined
    • C11D7/44—Vegetable products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/08—Organic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
    • D06M13/03—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons with unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. alkenes, or alkynes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D06M13/2243—Mono-, di-, or triglycerides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
    • D06M14/18—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2400/00—Specific information on the treatment or the process itself not provided in D06M23/00-D06M23/18
    • D06M2400/01—Creating covalent bondings between the treating agent and the fibre

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with improvements to cleansing wipes.
  • wipes which have an oleophilic coating and to a method of forming an oleophilic coating onto wipes. It is also concerned with the use of such wipes for the cleaning of oily surfaces.
  • Wipes used for cleaning tasks include wipes made from a base or substrate material including cloth, woven and non-woven textiles, sponge and paper.
  • the term "wipe substrate" is used to refer to the base material from which the body of the wipe is formed. Cleansing wipes are used in the cleansing of hard surfaces such as floors, work surfaces, furniture, kitchen and bathroom surfaces.
  • household use is meant household hard surface cleaners (including but not limited to glass, ceramic, wood and plastics cleaners) , household surface cleaners with antimicrobial and or disinfecting and or antiseptic activity, insecticides or insect repellents for household use, air care products including malodour neutralisers, anti-allergenic agents and fragrancing delivered into household and automotive air spaces, polishes (including but not limited to those for polishing the floor furniture, shoe and metal) , automatic dishwashing products including "in machine” wash and pre/post-treatment products and fabric care products for water softening in washing machines, carpet cleaners and stain removal pre- ash treatments
  • Polymeric coatings are widely used to coat cleansing wipes because they are easily applied to give conformal, filmic coatings on a wide range of substrates.
  • the functionality of the polymer is often provided to the substrate coated.
  • An extensive range of methods is used for the delivery and/or curing of films of polymeric coatings.
  • a polymer melt or solution is typically applied by mechanical coating or immersion of a substrate with the resulting polymeric coating being converted to a film by a suitable curing technique such as for example by the application of heat, radiation and/or pressure.
  • the application of a polymer film to a cleansing wipe although it may make the surface oleophilic, generally leads to a decrease in the absorbency of the wipe for taking up water.
  • the polymer film is generally unable to absorb oily soil.
  • the film comprises molecules covalently bonded to each other, the molecules of the polymer file are not generally covalently bound to the wipe substrate.
  • cleansing wipes have the intended purpose of the removal of oily soil, they may be used in combination with an aqueous cleansing composition, or with an oleophilic solvent intended to disperse or dissolve the oily soil. For this reason it is preferred if such wipes are absorbent, particularly water-absorbent.
  • a cleansing wipe can be obtained which is particularly effective at oily soil removal while reducing the risk of streaks or residues on the cleansed surface.
  • Another advantage of the cleansing wipes of the invention is that after their use for cleansing soiled surfaces, the wipes may be cleaned and regenerated by washing in conventional detergent solutions without significant loss in performance.
  • the invention provides cleansing wipe having an oleophilic coating comprising an oleophilic material which has been covalently bound to the surface of the wipe substrate.
  • a process for bonding an oleophilic material to the surface of a cleansing wipe substrate comprising the steps of: i) introducing an oleophilic material in the form of a gas, vapour, droplets or particles, the oleophilic material being capable of forming a free radical within a plasma environment, into an atmospheric or low pressure plasma discharge and/or an excited gas stream resulting therefrom, whereby a highly reactive oleophilic material is formed, and ii) exposing the cleansing wipe substrate to the resulting highly reactive oleophilic material whereby the material is deposited onto the surface of the cleansing wipe substrate to form a covalently bonded oleophilic coating.
  • a cleansing wipe which has an oleophilic coating covalently bonded to the substrate of the wipe has many of the advantages of enhanced oily soil removal of a wipe impregnated with an oleophilic solvent. Moreover, the wipe retains the ability to absorb moisture and the oleophilic coating remains bonded to the wipe even after repeated washing with aqueous detergents, retaining its properties.
  • a further advantage over conventional, impregnated wipes is that the oleophilic coating material is not left behind to form oily smears on surfaces which have been treated with the wipe.
  • the oleophilic coating acts as a stable layer which can improve the take up of oily soil onto the wipe without itself depositing onto the surface to be cleaned.
  • polymer coatings of the prior art consist essentially of molecules covalently bound to each other whereas in the oleophilic coatings according to the invention, the molecules are covalently bound to the wipe substrate rather than to other coating molecules.
  • a preferred method for forming the covalently bound oleophilic coating is plasma deposition.
  • Conformal polymer films can also be applied to a substrate via the process of plasma polymerisation or plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PE-CVD) .
  • PE-CVD plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition
  • Conventional chemical Vapour Deposition is the deposition of a solid on a heated substrate from a chemical reaction in the vapour phase near or on the heated substrate.
  • the chemical reactions which take place may include thermal decomposition, oxidation, carburisation and nitridation.
  • sequence of events for a CVD reaction comprises the following sequentially: - (i) Introduction of reactant gases into a reactor by appropriate introduction means e.g.
  • the gases are directed so as to diffuse through a plasma.
  • Any appropriate plasma may be utilised.
  • Non-thermal equilibrium plasma such as for example glow discharge plasma may be utilised.
  • the glow discharge may be generated at low pressure, i.e. vacuum glow discharge or in the vicinity of atmospheric pressure - atmospheric pressure glow discharge. In respect of the present invention the latter is preferred.
  • Glow discharge plasma is generated in a gas, such as helium by a high frequency electric field.
  • the plasma is generated in a gap between two electrodes, at least one of which is encased or coated or the like in a dielectric material.
  • PE-CVD may be utilised at any suitable temperature e.g. a plasma at a temperature of from room temperature to 500°C.
  • a plasma at a temperature of from room temperature to 500°C.
  • Mater. 1996, 8(5), 1067-77 produced polymerised coatings in which the properties and/or functionalities of the monomer are substantially retained resulting in the production of a polymeric coating, retaining many properties of the bulk polymer.
  • Coulson S.R., Woodward I.S., Badtal J.P.S., Brewer S.A., Willis C, Langmuir, 16, 6287-6293, (2000) describe the production of highly oleophobic surfaces using long chain perfluoroacrylate or perfluoroalkene precursors.
  • Vacuum glow discharge processes have been investigated as routes to encapsulation and controlled release for example Colter, K.D.; Shen, M.; Bell, A.T. Biomaterials, Medical Devices, and Artificial Organs (1977), 5(1), 13-24 describes a method where fluoropolymer coatings are applied to reduce the diffusion of a steroid active through a poly (dimethylsiloxane) elastomer.
  • Kitade, Tatsuta; Kitamura, Kiesuke; Hozu i, Kei. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (1987), 35(11), 4410-17 describes the application of vacuum glow discharge plasma to coat a powdered active with a PTFE based coating for controlled dissolution.
  • WO 9910560 describes a further vacuum plasma method where precursor vapour is introduced to the plasma to produce coatings for the purpose of encapsulation.
  • a drawback for vacuum plasma methods is that the necessity for a vacuum requires the coating process to be operated in a batch wise manner.
  • APGD Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge
  • DBD Dielectric Barrier Discharge
  • WO 01 59809 and WO 02 35576 describe a series of wide area APGD systems, which provides a uniform, homogeneous plasma at ambient pressure by application of a low frequency RF voltage across opposing parallel plate electrodes separated by ⁇ 10 mm.
  • the ambient pressure and temperature ensures compatibility with open perimeter, continuous, on-line processing.
  • WO 02/28548 describes a process for enabling the introduction of a solid or liquid precursor into an atmospheric pressure plasma discharge and/or an ionised gas stream resulting therefrom in order to form a coating on a substrate.
  • Any suitable means for generating the plasma environment may be used. Any conventional means for generating an atmospheric pressure plasma glow discharge may be used, for example, atmospheric pressure plasma jet, atmospheric pressure microwave glow discharge and atmospheric pressure glow discharge.
  • the present invention uses equipment similar to that described in WO 02/28548, wherein liquid coating- forming materials are introduced as an aerosol into an atmospheric plasma discharge or the excited species resulting from such a discharge.
  • the plasma is generated between a pair of electrodes within a gap of from 3 to 50mm, for example 5 to 25mm.
  • the generation of steady- state glow discharge plasma at atmospheric pressure is preferably obtained between adjacent electrodes which may be spaced up to 5 cm apart, dependent on the process gas used.
  • the electrodes being radio frequency energised with a root mean square (rms) potential of 1 to 100 kV, preferably between 1 and 30 kV at 1 to 100 kHz, preferably at 15 to 50 kHz.
  • the voltage used to form the plasma will typically be between 1 and 30 kVolts, most preferably between 2.5 and 10 kV however the actual value will depend on the chemistry/gas choice and plasma region size between the electrodes.
  • Each electrode may comprise, for example, a metal plate or metal gauze which is in contact with a dielectric material. Suitable electrode are described in WO 02/35576.
  • electrode units containing an electrode and an adjacent a dielectric plate and a cooling liquid distribution system for directing a cooling conductive liquid onto the exterior of the electrode to cover a planar face of the electrode.
  • Each electrode unit may comprise a watertight box having one side in the form of a dielectric plate to which a metal plate or gauze electrode is attached on the inside of the box.
  • the cooling liquid preferably covers the face of the electrode remote from the dielectric plate.
  • the cooling conductive liquid is preferably water and may contain conductivity controlling compounds such as metal salts or soluble organic additives.
  • the electrode is a metal plate or mesh electrode in contact with the dielectric plate.
  • the dielectric plate extends beyond the perimeter of the electrode and the cooling liquid is also directed across the dielectric plate to cover at least that portion of dielectric bordering the periphery of the electrode. Preferably, all the dielectric plate is covered with cooling liquid.
  • the water acts to electrically passivate any boundaries, singularities or non-uniformity in the metal electrodes such as edges, corners or mesh ends where the wire mesh electrodes are used.
  • each electrode may be of the type described in PCT/EP2004/001756.
  • each electrode may comprise housing having an inner and outer wall, wherein at least the inner wall is formed from a dielectric material, and which housing contains an at least substantially non- metallic electrically conductive material in direct contact with the inner wall instead of the "traditional" metal plate or mesh. Electrodes of this type are preferred because the inventors have identified that by using electrodes in accordance with the present invention to generate a Glow Discharge, the resulting homogeneous glow discharge can be generated with reduced inho ogeneities when compared to systems utilizing metal plate electrodes. A metal plate is never fixed directly to the inner wall of an electrode in the present invention and preferably, the non-metallic electrically conductive material is in direct contact with the inner wall of the electrode.
  • Suitable dielectric materials include polycarbonate, polyethylene, glass, glass laminates, epoxy filled glass laminates and the like.
  • the dielectric has sufficient strength in order to prevent any bowing or disfigurement of the dielectric by the conductive material in the electrode.
  • the dielectric used is machinable and is provided at a thickness of up to 50mm in thickness, more preferably up to 40mm thickness and most preferably 15 to 30mm thickness. In instances where the selected dielectric is not sufficiently transparent, a glass or the like window may be utilized to enable diagnostic viewing of the generated plasma.
  • the electrodes may be spaced apart by means of a spacer or the like, which is preferably also made from a dielectric material which thereby effects an increase in the overall dielectric strength of the system by eliminating any potential for discharge between the edges of the conductive liquid.
  • the electrode comprises a housing having an inner and outer wall, wherein the inner wall is formed from a dielectric material.
  • the housing contains at least one substantially non-metallic electrically conductive material in direct contact with the inner wall instead of the "traditional" metal plate or mesh.
  • the substantially non-metallic electrically conductive material may be a liquid such as a polar solvent for example water, alcohol and/or glycols or aqueous salt solutions and mixtures thereof, but is preferably an aqueous salt solution.
  • a polar solvent for example water, alcohol and/or glycols or aqueous salt solutions and mixtures thereof
  • aqueous salt solution When water is used alone, it preferably comprises tap water or mineral water.
  • the water contains up to a maximum of about 15% by weight of a water soluble salt such as an alkali metal salt, for example sodium or potassium chloride or alkaline earth metal salts. This is because the conductive material present in such an electrode has substantially perfect conformity and thereby a homogeneous surface potential at the dielectric surface.
  • the substantially non-metallic electrically conductive material may be in the form of one or more conductive polymer compositions, which may typically be supplied in the form of pastes.
  • pastes are currently used in the electronics industry for the adhesion and thermal management of electronic components, such as microprocessor chip sets. These pastes typically have sufficient mobility to flow and conform to surface irregularities.
  • Suitable polymers for the conductive polymer compositions in accordance with the present invention may include silicones, polyoxypolyeolefin elastomers, a hot melt based on a wax such as a, silicone wax, resin/polymer blends, silicone polyamide copolymers or other silicon-organic copolymers or the like or epoxy, polyimide, acrylate, urethane or isocyanate based polymer.
  • the polymers will typically contain conductive particles, typically of silver but alternative conductive particles might be used including gold, nickel, copper, assorted metal oxides and/or carbon including carbon nanotubes; or metallised glass or ceramic beads.
  • polymers which might be used include the conductive polymer described in EP 240648 or silver filled organopolysiloxane based compositions such as Dow Corning® DA 6523, Dow Corning® 6524, Dow Corning® DA 6526 BD, and Dow Corning® 6533 sold by Dow Corning
  • the electrodes are vertically arrayed.
  • the atmospheric pressure glow discharge ⁇ assembly may operate at any suitable temperature, it preferably operates at a temperature between room temperature (20°C) and 70°C and is typically utilized at a temperature in the region of 30 to 50°C.
  • the coating-forming material may be atomised (meaning formed into finely divided particles or droplets) using any conventional means, for example an ultrasonic nozzle.
  • the material to be atomised is preferably in the form of a liquid, a solid or a liquid/solid slurry.
  • the atomiser preferably produces a coating-forming material drop size of from 10 to 100 micrometres, more preferably from 10 to 50 micrometres.
  • Suitable atomisers for use in the present invention are ultrasonic nozzles from Sono-Tek Corporation, Milton, New York, USA or Lechler GbH of Metzingen Germany.
  • the process gas used to generate a plasma suitable for use in the present invention may be any suitable gas but is preferably an inert gas or inert gas based mixture such as, for example helium, a mixture of helium and argon and an argon based mixture additionally containing ketones and/or related compounds.
  • These process gases may be utilized alone or in combination with potentially reactive gases such as, for example, nitrogen, ammonia, 0 2 H 2 O, NO 2 , air or hydrogen.
  • the process gas will be Helium alone or in combination with an oxidizing or reducing gas. The selection of gas depends upon the plasma processes to be undertaken. When an oxidizing or reducing process gas is required, it will preferably be utilized in a mixture comprising 90-99% noble gas and 1 to 10% oxidizing or reducing gas.
  • the present method may be used to form an oxygen containing coating on the substrate.
  • nitrogen can bind to the substrate surface, and in an atmosphere containing both nitrogen and oxygen, nitrates can bind to and/or form on the substrate surface.
  • gases may also be used to pre-treat the substrate surface prior to exposure to a coating forming substance.
  • oxygen containing plasma treatment of the substrate may provide improved adhesion with the applied coating.
  • the oxygen containing plasma being generated by introducing oxygen-containing materials to the plasma such as oxygen gas or water.
  • any suitable non-thermal equilibrium plasma equipment may be used to undertake the method of the present invention.
  • atmospheric pressure glow discharge dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)
  • low pressure glow discharge which may be operated in either continuous mode or pulse mode are preferred.
  • the plasma equipment may also be in the form of a plasma jet as described in WO 03/085693. Where the s ⁇ bstrate is placed downstream and remote from the plasma source.
  • any conventional means for generating an atmospheric pressure glow discharge may be used in the method of the present invention, for example atmospheric pressure plasma jet, atmospheric pressure microwave glow discharge and atmospheric pressure glow discharge.
  • such means will employ helium as the process gas and a high frequency (e.g. >lkHz) power supply to generate a homogeneous glow discharge at atmospheric pressure via a Penning ionisation mechanism, (see for example, Kanazawa et al, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 1988, 21, 838, Okazaki et al, Proc. Jpn. Symp. Plasma Chem.
  • liquid precursor and the active material is preferably either retained in a container or is introduced into the reactor in the form of an atomised liquid spray as described above.
  • the low pressure plasma may be performed with coating- forming material heating and/or pulsing of the plasma discharge, but is preferably carried out without the need for additional heating. If heating is required, the method in accordance with the present invention using low pressure plasma techniques may be cyclic, i.e.
  • the plasma may be generated by way of the electromagnetic radiations from any suitable source, such as radio frequency, microwave or direct current (DC) .
  • RF radio frequency
  • any suitable reaction chamber may be utilized.
  • the power of the electrode system may be between 1 and 100 W, but preferably is in the region of from 5 to 50 W for continuous low pressure plasma techniques.
  • the chamber pressure may be reduced to any suitable pressure for example from 0.1 to 0.001 mbar but preferably is between 0.05 and 0.01 mbar.
  • a particularly preferred pulsed plasma treatment process involved pulsing the plasma discharge at room temperature.
  • the plasma discharge is pulsed to have a particular "on" time and "off" time, such that a very low average power is applied, for example a power of less than 10W and preferably less than 1W.
  • the on-time is typically from 10 to lOOOO ⁇ s, preferably 10 to lOOO ⁇ s, and the off-time typically from 1000 to lOOOO ⁇ s, preferably from 1000 to 5000 ⁇ s.
  • the oleophilic coating material may be introduced into the vacuum with no additional gases, i.e. by direct injection, however additional process gases such as helium or argon may also be utilized as carriers where deemed necessary.
  • the process gas for forming the plasma may be as described for the atmospheric pressure system but may alternatively not comprise noble gases such as helium and/or argon and may therefore purely be oxygen, air or an alternative oxidising gas.
  • the oleophilic material is an organic material comprising an oleophilic group
  • the oleophilic group comprises at least 8 carbon atoms, preferably, at least 10 carbon atoms, more preferably at least 12 carbon atoms.
  • the oleophilic coating-forming material becomes chemically grafted onto the substrate by covalent bond formation under plasma conditions, forming an oleophilic coating on the surface of the wipe substrate.
  • a portion of oleophilic coating-forming material may be bonded to the substrate whilst the remainder (e.g. the oleophilic group) of the material may dangle freely from the substrate surface.
  • some of the oleophilic coating-forming material is deposited in an unpolymerised state.
  • Preferably 50% or more by weight of the oleophilic coating-forming material is in an unpolymerised state, preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more.
  • the oleophilic coating-forming material may be an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
  • the unsaturated hydrocarbon is an alkene.
  • the alkene may have at least 8 carbon atoms, preferably, at least 10 carbon atoms, more preferably, at least 12 carbon atoms, for example, 12 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 14 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • dodecene and/or hexadecene is employed.
  • Alpha-olefins are particularly preferred alkenes.
  • the hydrocarbon may be straight-chain, branched or cyclic. Preferably straight chain hydrocarbons are employed.
  • the oleophilic coating-forming material may be suitably be a hydrocarbon chain with a terminal group such as an alcohol, aldehyde, halide or fatty acid.
  • esters of short-chain alcohols and fatty acids are suitable and preferred.
  • suitable short chain alcohols include methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol.
  • Suitable fatty acids have typically from 12 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 14 to 24.
  • the ester may be a mono-ester or a polyester.
  • Particularly suitable as a coating-forming material are triglycerides.
  • suitable triglycerides are oils and fats, preferably vegetable oils such as corn oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, soybean oil. Sunflower oil has been found to be particularly suitable.
  • the wipe substrate may be a woven or knitted cloth, a non- woven textile or paper or a natural or synthetic sponge.
  • the wipe may be for hard surface cleaning, such as furniture, floor or multisurface cleaning or
  • the wipe or cloth substrate may be woven or non-woven, and may comprise synthetic or natural fibres or a mixture thereof, or be made of a sponge material.
  • Typical materials for the fibres are cotton, cellulose, wool, polyethylene, polypropylene, acetate, polyamide, rayon, viscose and/or polyacrtoylonitrile. Reinforcing threads may be present, if desired.
  • the wipe has a weight of from 40 to 80g per m 3 , preferably 50 to 70g per m 3 , and a size of from 15 to 40 cm by 15 to 40 cm.
  • the wipe substrate is preferably water-absorbent, by which it is meant that the substrate is capable of taking up and retaining within its structure a certain amount of water. This may suitable be measured by weighing a sheet of dry wipe substrate, immersing the wipe substrate in demineralised water at 20°C for 2 minutes, then placing the wet wipe substrate, without squeezing, onto a horizontal wire grid made up of 1 cm squares of rigid, interlocked 0.5mm piano wire and allowing it to drain for 2 minutes . The absorbency is equal to the weight of the water in the drained, saturated substrate divided by the weight of the dry substrate, expressed as a percentage.
  • the wipe substrate has a water-absorbency of 100% or more, preferably, 300% or more, more preferably 600% or more.
  • the cleansing wipe of the invention including the oleophilic coating has a water-absorbency, measured by the same method, of 80% or more, preferably 240% or more, more preferably 480% or more.
  • the wipe according to the invention may be supplied in a packaged form pre-impregnated by a component such as water or a cleaning composition as disclosed in, for example, GB-A-2,368,590.
  • the invention provides a method of cleaning an oily surface by wiping the surface with a cleansing wipe having an oleophilic coating which is covalently bound to the surface of the wipe substrate.
  • a further aspect of the invention is concerned with the use of a cleansing wipe having an oleophilic coating which is covalently bound to the surface of the wipe substrate for the cleaning of oily surfaces.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des chiffons de nettoyage de surfaces huileuses dans lesquels un matériau oléophile est lié à la surface du substrat de chiffon par une liaison covalente. Ces chiffons sont absorbants, ils nettoient le sol huileux en laissant moins de résidus ou de traînées, et ils conservent leurs propriétés après lavage. On décrit aussi un procédé de revêtement des chiffons en dépôt par plasma atmosphérique.
PCT/GB2005/001853 2004-05-14 2005-05-13 Chiffons de nettoyage a revetement oleophile, a liaison covalente, utilisation, et procedes de fabrication Ceased WO2005111189A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0410807.2 2004-05-14
GB0410807A GB2413944B (en) 2004-05-14 2004-05-14 Method for forming an active material containing coating on a substrate
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EP0695622A2 (fr) * 1994-07-22 1996-02-07 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Procédé et installation pour la modification par plasma d'objets poreux plats
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