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WO2005108121A1 - Braking and/or wheel locking device - Google Patents

Braking and/or wheel locking device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005108121A1
WO2005108121A1 PCT/EP2005/052034 EP2005052034W WO2005108121A1 WO 2005108121 A1 WO2005108121 A1 WO 2005108121A1 EP 2005052034 W EP2005052034 W EP 2005052034W WO 2005108121 A1 WO2005108121 A1 WO 2005108121A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control shaft
wheel
friction
fork
angular position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2005/052034
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Roger Louis Georges
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2005108121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005108121A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/228Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a separate actuating member for each side
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/14Mechanical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/34Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
    • F16D2125/40Screw-and-nut

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a braking and / or wheel locking device, in which the wheel comprises a hub having an axial cavity.
  • a wheel can be used to support a vehicle, in particular of the container type, and more particularly of lattice containers which are loaded together in a truck body.
  • the wheels of such containers are generally blocked or braked by pedal or joystick brakes which actuate a friction element on an external part of the wheel, in particular its tire (see for example GB-A-2.236.719, JP- 20022104195,
  • a braking and / or wheel locking device which overcomes this drawback.
  • This problem is solved according to the invention by a braking and / or wheel locking device, in which the wheel comprises a hub having an axial cavity, this device comprising
  • control shaft which is arranged through the axial cavity of the hub and which has a longitudinal axis around which itself and the wheel are capable of pivoting independently of one another, this control shaft being provided with '' a first thread in a first direction, in a first zone, and a second thread in a second direction opposite to the first, in a second zone,
  • This device offers the advantage of producing friction between rollers and an element integral with the wheel which are intended only for braking and which therefore can be, all or some of them, made of a resistant material, promoting friction, such as brake pads.
  • this braking device is located inside the hub and it is therefore not visible from the outside in any case for a large part.
  • the device comprises a fork which supports, on the one hand, the control shaft, allowing it to pivot around said longitudinal axis, and, on the other hand, the wheel allowing rotation thereof around this same longitudinal axis.
  • the fork is arranged on a vehicle, for example a container, so as to be able to pivot around a vertical axis.
  • the latter is preferably offset from the abovementioned longitudinal axis, that is to say it is not in a plane through which this longitudinal axis passes.
  • the device comprises a washer threaded on the control shaft between the first friction roller and the second friction roller, this washer resiliently recalling each friction roller away from the one of the other.
  • This washer for example of the star type, makes it possible to cancel the play specific to the screw connections between the control shaft and the friction rollers.
  • the device further comprises maneuvering means accessible to a person driving a vehicle carrying said wheel and means of transmission between these maneuvering means and the control shaft.
  • maneuvering means accessible to a person driving a vehicle carrying said wheel and means of transmission between these maneuvering means and the control shaft.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show sectional views of a wheel braking or locking device according to the invention, one along the plane ll of Figure 2 and the other along the plane ll-ll of the figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a plan view, partially broken, of a transmission lever.
  • FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of the fork in a plane passing through its vertical axis of rotation and through a plane perpendicular to the cutting plane ll.
  • 5 shows a sectional view of the transmission means of a device according to the invention, in a plane passing through the vertical axis of rotation of the fork and perpendicular to the plane of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 shows in a sectional view similar to Figure 5 a variant of the transmission means of a device according to the invention.
  • identical or analogous elements are designated by the same references. It should be noted that the drawings are not given to scale and that the proportion of the various elements is not always respected, this for the purpose of clarity and legibility of the drawings.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 there is illustrated a braking and / or wheel locking device according to the invention.
  • the wheel 1 usually comprises a hub 2, a fabric 3 and a rim 4 provided with a tire 5. All of these elements are fixedly connected to each other.
  • the hub 2 also has an axial cavity 6, in which is housed a control shaft 7 which has a longitudinal axis 8.
  • the control shaft is mounted on a fork 9 so as to be able to pivot around this axis and the wheel 1 is mounted on the control shaft 7 so that it can rotate freely around this same axis 8.
  • the fork 9 itself is mounted on a vehicle, for example a lattice container, so as to be able to pivot around a vertical axis 10 (see FIG.
  • the control shaft 7 has two threads on its peripheral surface, a first thread 11 and a second 12 which are provided, in opposite directions, on zones arranged symmetrically with respect to the median plane which divides tree 7 in two.
  • a threaded friction roller 13 is screwed onto the thread 11 and another threaded friction roller 14 is screwed onto the thread 12.
  • Each roller is provided with an annular flange 15 and 16 respectively. These face each other and surround the canvas in the form of a crown 3, which projects partially inside the hub 2. In the example illustrated, this is formed by two half-hubs joined to one another.
  • the crown 3 divides the axial cavity into two compartments and has a central opening through which the control shaft has passed so that one of the threads is in one compartment and the other in the other.
  • the annular flanges 15 and 16 and / or the crown 3 are provided with friction surfaces made of a suitable material known per se. In the illustrated case, only the crown has two friction surfaces 17 and 18 made of a material promoting friction, for example in the form of brake pads.
  • an elastic washer 19 for example a star washer known per se which pushes the friction rollers away from one of the 'other.
  • flanged sleeves 20 inside the axial cavity 6 of the hub 2 and 21, the flanges 22 and 23 of which laterally close the axial cavity 6, while allowing passage of the control shaft 7.
  • These flanged sleeves are fixedly connected to the fork 9 by means of screws (not shown) which are to be screwed into the threaded holes 24, when these are aligned with the through holes 25 of the fork.
  • the ends of the shaft 28 and 29 projecting from the hub can, to achieve this alignment, be introduced into the notches 30 and 31 made in the shell of the fork 9.
  • the fork 9 thus supports the control shaft 7 of so as to allow it to pivot about its longitudinal axis 8.
  • the fork 9 also supports the hub 2 by means of the flanged sleeves 20 and 21 and bearings 26 and 27 inserted between the sleeves and the inner surface of the hub 2.
  • the wheel 1 is thus supported by the fork so as to rotate freely on itself.
  • the shaft ends 28 and 29 still protrude beyond the fork 3 and, in this projecting part, there are grooves so as to each be able to receive a control lever 32 or 33, which is shown in section on the Figure 1 and in plan in Figure 3.
  • each of these levers has a grooved opening 34 which is adapted to cooperate with a groove shaft end 28 or 29.
  • a movement of the lever around the axis 8 causes thus a pivoting movement of the control shaft 7 around it.
  • the flanged sleeves 20 and 21 at least partially surround the friction rollers 13 and 14.
  • grooves 35, 36 which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis 8.
  • a corresponding number of grooves 37 and 38 which also extend parallel to the longitudinal axis 8.
  • a key 39, 40 which projects down a throat corresponding 37, 38 of the flanged sleeves.
  • the control shaft 7 is in an angular position in which the friction rollers 13, 14 are separated from one another as well as from the friction surfaces of the crown 3. If the control shaft 7 initiates a very slight pivoting, the friction rollers 13 and 14 are brought towards each other, given the opposite directions of the threads 11 and 12, and they come into contact with the friction surfaces crown 3, which brakes and then very quickly locks the wheel. Conversely, the wheel is released just as quickly. It is obviously possible to provide other modes of guiding the friction rollers parallel to the longitudinal axis 8.
  • the flanged sleeves are provided with guide rods projecting parallel to the longitudinal axis 8, these rods penetrating in corresponding holes provided in the flanges 15 and 16 of the friction rollers.
  • FIGS. 3 and 5 show in more detail an embodiment of means for transmitting a command between operating means, represented schematically by the block 71 in FIGS. 5 and 6, and the control shaft 7 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the operating means can be any means known to those skilled in the art and for example a pedal, a lever , etc. As already indicated above, control levers
  • levers 32, 33 are advantageously arranged on the ends of the shaft 28, 29 so as to be able to drive the shaft in rotation, if the levers are made to pivot around the longitudinal axis 8.
  • these levers at the opposite end of their grooved opening 34, these levers have an elongated opening 41 which makes it possible to articulate these levers on corresponding pistons 42, 43 which are housed in jacks 44, 45 situated inside the fork 9 and partially protrude from it.
  • the pistons are pushed outwards by compression springs 46 and 47.
  • the jacks 44 and 45 are supported in the fork 9 by a support bar 48 which itself is fixedly connected to a hollow block 49 with cross-section circular.
  • the latter is capable of sliding in a circular section cavity of a tubular slide 50 projecting from the fork 9 at the top thereof, through a circular hole 51.
  • This tubular slide 50 is guided so able to slide vertically by the hollow block 49 and by guide rods 52, 53 fixed to a housing 54 secured to the vehicle.
  • the fork 9 is supported by this housing 54 by means of a pivoting plate 55, supported by bearings 56 and 57 inside the housing 54, and by bolts 58 and 59. These bolts 58 and 59 pass through , not only of the pivoting plate 55, but also of a disc 60 and a washer 61.
  • the pivoting plate 55, the disc 60 and the washer 61 each have a circular central opening through which the slide 50 passes, which allows them to rotate around the vertical axis 10 with the fork 9.
  • Compression springs 62 and 63 keep the washer 61 and the disc 60 apart.
  • the latter carries a crown of material promoting friction 64 which, in the illustrated position, is supported on a surface of the housing 54 and thus blocks rotation of the fork 9 around the vertical axis.
  • a pulley 65 around which passes a transmission cable 66 which is connected, on the one hand, to the operating means 71 schematically illustrated and, on the other hand, to a tube with quadrangular section 67, whose end 68 is trapped in the block 49.
  • the block 49 and the tube 67 and in particular its end 68 are advantageously made of a self-lubricating material, for example bronze.
  • the braking device is blocked and the fork 9 is also locked in the position of the transmission means shown in FIG. 5.
  • traction is exerted on the cable 66
  • the tube 67, the block 49 and the support bar 48 are caused to slide upwards, against the force of the return springs 46 and 47.
  • the pistons 42 and 43 accompany this movement and rotate the control levers 32 and 33 in such a way that the braking device is released.
  • the wheel braking device is released, but the pivoting of the fork 9 remains prevented.
  • FIG. 6 a variant of the transmission means has thus been illustrated.
  • the levers 32 and 33 cooperate with rods 72 and 73 which can be moved vertically in guides 74 and 75 carried by the fork 9. These rods 72 and 73 are fixed, for example by screwing, to the support bar 48.
  • An operating rod 76 is directly fixed, for example by screwing, on the support bar 48 so as to project through the top of the fork 9 and the housing 54.
  • the fork 9 is carried by the housing 54 by means of the pivoting plate 55 which is supported by the bearings 56 and 57 and bolts 58 and 59.
  • the bolts 58 and 59 pass through a disc 77 which has a central recess 83 pierced with a circular orifice for the passage of the rod 76, which allows this disc to rotate around the vertical axis 10 with the fork 9.
  • Compression springs 78 and 79 keep the plate 55 and the disc 77 apart.
  • the latter carries a crown 80 made of friction-promoting material, which, in the position illustrated, is supported on a surface of the housing 54 and thus blocks the rotation of the fork 9 around the axis 10.
  • the operating rod 76 is provided with a thread 81 in part of its extension. On this thread 81 is screwed a ring 82 capable of sliding in the central recess 83 of the disc 77.
  • a return spring 84 which bears on the pivoting plate 55 pushes the ring 82 away from the bottom of the recess 83. In the position illustrated, the braking device is blocked and the fork 9 also.
  • the latter directly drives down the rods 72 and 73 which control a pivoting of the levers 32 and 33 and therefore of the shaft 7, as well as a brake release.
  • the spring 84 is compressed and the ring arrives at a certain time at the bottom of the recess 83, which makes it possible to slide the disc 77 downwards, meeting the force of the springs 78 and 79. It a detachment of the crown 80 then occurs from the surface of the housing, which frees the pivoting of the fork 9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a braking and/or wheel locking device comprising: a control shaft (7) which extends through the axial cavity (6) in the hub and which is equipped with a first threading (11) in a first direction and a second threading (12) in a second direction; a first friction roller (13) which co-operates with the first threading (11) by means of a first tapping; a second friction roller (14) which co-operates with the second threading (12) by means of a second tapping; means (35-40) for retaining the friction rollers such as to prevent the rotation thereof while enabling movement in the opposite direction parallel to the longitudinal axis (8) when the control shaft pivots; and an element (3) which is solidly connected to the wheel (1) between the friction rollers and which, when the shaft is in a first angular position, is in contact with the rollers, but, when the shaft is in a second angular position, is not in contact with the rollers.

Description

" Dispositif de freinage et/ou de blocage de roue" La présente invention est relative à un dispositif de freinage et/ou de blocage de roue, dans lequel la roue comporte un moyeu présentant une cavité axiale. Une telle roue peut servir à supporter un véhicule, notamment de type conteneur, et plus particulièrement des conteneurs en treillis qui sont chargés à plusieurs dans une caisse de camion. Les roues de tels conteneurs sont généralement bloquées ou freinées par des freins à pédale ou à manette qui actionnent un élément de frottement sur une partie externe de la roue, en particulier son bandage (voir par exemple GB-A-2.236.719, JP-20022104195, "Braking and / or wheel locking device" The present invention relates to a braking and / or wheel locking device, in which the wheel comprises a hub having an axial cavity. Such a wheel can be used to support a vehicle, in particular of the container type, and more particularly of lattice containers which are loaded together in a truck body. The wheels of such containers are generally blocked or braked by pedal or joystick brakes which actuate a friction element on an external part of the wheel, in particular its tire (see for example GB-A-2.236.719, JP- 20022104195,

US-A-6.098.999 et JP-11208482). Ces dispositifs de freinage présentent le grand inconvénient d'endommager rapidement le bandage des roues et de nécessiter leur remplacement, ce qui augmente le coût d'entretien des conteneurs. La présente invention a pour but de mettre au point un dispositif de freinage et/ou de blocage de roue qui surmonte cet inconvénient. On résout ce problème suivant l'invention par un dispositif de freinage et/ou de blocage de roue, dans lequel la roue comporte un moyeu présentant une cavité axiale, ce dispositif comprenantUS-A-6,098,999 and JP-11208482). These braking devices have the great disadvantage of quickly damaging the wheel tread and requiring their replacement, which increases the cost of maintaining the containers. The object of the present invention is to develop a braking and / or wheel locking device which overcomes this drawback. This problem is solved according to the invention by a braking and / or wheel locking device, in which the wheel comprises a hub having an axial cavity, this device comprising

- un arbre de commande qui est agencé au travers de la cavité axiale du moyeu et qui présente un axe longitudinal autour duquel lui-même et la roue sont capables de pivoter indépendamment l'un de l'autre, cet arbre de commande étant pourvu d'un premier filetage dans un premier sens, dans une première zone, et d'un deuxième filetage dans un deuxième sens opposé au premier, dans une deuxième zone,- a control shaft which is arranged through the axial cavity of the hub and which has a longitudinal axis around which itself and the wheel are capable of pivoting independently of one another, this control shaft being provided with '' a first thread in a first direction, in a first zone, and a second thread in a second direction opposite to the first, in a second zone,

- un premier galet de frottement supporté sur l'arbre de commande et coopérant par un premier taraudage avec le premier filetage susdit de celui-ci,- a first friction roller supported on the control shaft and cooperating by a first tapping with the aforementioned first thread thereof,

- un deuxième galet de frottement supporté sur l'arbre de commande et coopérant par un deuxième taraudage avec le deuxième filetage susdit de celui-ci,- a second friction roller supported on the control shaft and cooperating by a second thread with the aforementioned second thread thereof,

- des moyens de retenue des galets de frottement qui empêchent une rotation des galets de frottement, en permettant leur déplacement en sens opposé, parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal susdit, en cas de pivotement de l'arbre de commande, ainsi quemeans for retaining the friction rollers which prevent rotation of the friction rollers, by allowing them to move in the opposite direction, parallel to the said longitudinal axis, in the event of the control shaft pivoting, as well as

- un élément solidaire de la roue qui est situé entre les galets de frottement et qui, dans une première position angulaire de l'arbre de commande, est en contact avec les galets de frottement rapprochés, qui l'enserrent de manière à freiner et/ou bloquer la roue, et, dans une deuxième position angulaire de l'arbre de commande, est sans contact avec les galets de frottement, ce qui permet à la roue de tourner librement. Ce dispositif offre l'avantage de réaliser un frottement entre des galets et un élément solidaire de la roue qui sont destinés uniquement au freinage et qui donc peuvent être, tous ou certains d'entre eux, réalisés en une matière résistante, favorisant la friction, comme par exemple des plaquettes de frein. En outre ce dispositif de freinage se trouve à l'intérieur du moyeu et il n'est donc pas visible de l'extérieur en tout cas pour une part importante. Il est à l'abri des saletés extérieures et protégé des chocs ou des obstacles qui apparaissent pendant la circulation du conteneur. Un avantage important du dispositif suivant l'invention est qu'il ne demande qu'un pivotement très réduit de l'axe d'une de ses positions angulaires à l'autre. Un passage extrêmement rapide de l'état de freinage et blocage à l'état de déblocage est très rapidement réalisé. Un angle de pivotement de l'arbre de commande d'un ordre de grandeur de 3,6° par exemple peut s'avérer suffisant. Suivant une forme de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif comprend une fourche qui supporte, d'une part, l'arbre de commande, en permettant son pivotement autour dudit axe longitudinal, et, d'autre part, la roue en permettant une rotation de celle-ci autour de ce même axe longitudinal. Avantageusement la fourche est agencée sur un véhicule, par exemple un conteneur, de manière à pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe vertical. Celui-ci est de préférence décalé par rapport à l'axe longitudinal susdit, c'est-à-dire qu'il ne se trouve pas dans un plan par lequel passe cet axe longitudinal. Suivant une forme perfectionnée de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif comprend une rondelle enfilée sur l'arbre de commande entre le premier galet de frottement et le deuxième galet de frottement, cette rondelle rappelant élastiquement chaque galet de frottement à l'écart l'un de l'autre. Cette rondelle, par exemple du type étoile, permet d'annuler les jeux propres aux vissages entre l'arbre de commande et les galets de frottement. Suivant une forme avantageuse de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif comprend en outre des moyens de manoeuvre accessibles à une personne conduisant un véhicule portant ladite roue et des moyens de transmission entre ces moyens de manoeuvre et l'arbre de commande. D'autres formes de réalisation de l'invention sont indiquées dans les revendications annexées. D'autres détails et particularités de l'invention ressortiront de la description donnée ci-après, à titre non limitatif, d'un exemple de réalisation de l'invention, avec référence aux dessins annexés. Les figures 1 et 2 représentent des vues en coupe d'un dispositif de freinage ou de blocage de roue suivant l'invention, l'une suivant le plan l-l de la figure 2 et l'autre suivant le plan ll-ll de la figure 1. La figure 3 représente une vue en plan, partiellement brisée, d'un levier de transmission. La figure 4 représente une vue en coupe de la fourche dans un plan passant par son axe vertical de rotation et par un plan perpendiculaire au plan de coupe l-l. La figure 5 représente une vue en coupe des moyens de transmission d'un dispositif selon l'invention, dans un plan passant par l'axe vertical de rotation de la fourche et perpendiculairement au plan de la figure 4. La figure 6 représente dans une vue en coupe similaire à la figure 5 une variante de moyens de transmission d'un dispositif suivant l'invention. Sur les différents dessins, les éléments identiques ou analogues sont désignés par les mêmes références. Il faut noter que les dessins ne sont pas donnés à l'échelle et que la proportion des différents éléments n'est pas toujours respectée, cela dans un but de clarté et de lisibilité des dessins. Sur les figures 1 et 2 on a illustré un dispositif de freinage et/ou de blocage de roue suivant l'invention. La roue 1 comprend de manière usuelle un moyeu 2, une toile 3 et une jante 4 munie d'un bandage 5. Tous ces éléments sont reliés l'un à l'autre de manière fixe. Le moyeu 2 présente aussi une cavité axiale 6, où est logé un arbre de commande 7 qui présente un axe longitudinal 8. L'arbre de commande est monté sur une fourche 9 de manière à pouvoir pivoter autour de cet axe et la roue 1 est montée sur l'arbre de commande 7 de manière à pouvoir tourner librement autour de ce même axe 8. La fourche 9 elle-même est montée sur un véhicule, par exemple un conteneur en treillis, de manière à pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe vertical 10 (voir figure 4) qui, dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré est décalé par rapport à l'axe longitudinal 8. L'arbre de commande 7 présente deux filetages sur sa surface périphérique, un premier filetage 11 et un deuxième 12 qui sont prévus, en sens opposés, sur des zones disposées de manière symétrique par rapport au plan médian qui divise l'arbre 7 en deux. Un galet de frottement taraudé 13 est vissé sur le filetage 11 et un autre galet de frottement taraudé 14 est vissé sur le filetage 12. Chaque galet est muni d'une bride annulaire 15 et respectivement 16. Celles-ci se font face et entourent la toile en forme de couronne 3, qui fait saillie partiellement à l'intérieur du moyeu 2. Dans l'exemple illustré, celui-ci est formé de deux demi-moyeux réunis l'un à l'autre. On pourrait bien sûr aussi prévoir un moyeu d'une pièce relié de manière fixe à la toile et présentant à l'intérieur de sa cavité une cloison en forme de couronne. En fait, la couronne 3 divise la cavité axiale en deux compartiments et présente une ouverture centrale au travers de laquelle est passé l'arbre de commande de façon qu'un des filetages soit dans un compartiment et l'autre dans l'autre. Les brides annulaires 15 et 16 et/ou la couronne 3 sont pourvues de surfaces de frottement en une matière appropriée connue en soi. Dans le cas illustré, seule la couronne présente deux surfaces de frottement 17 et 18 en une matière favorisant la friction, par exemple sous la forme de plaquettes de frein. Entre les deux galets de frottement 13 et 14, dans l'ouverture centrale de la couronne 3, est logée une rondelle élastique 19, par exemple une rondelle étoilée connue en soi qui repousse les galets de frottement à l'écart l'un de l'autre. Par ailleurs, on trouve en outre, dans l'exemple illustré, à l'intérieur de la cavité axiale 6 du moyeu 2, deux manchons bridés 20 et 21 , dont les brides 22 et 23 ferment latéralement la cavité axiale 6, tout en permettant un passage de l'arbre de commande 7. Ces manchons bridés sont reliés de manière fixe à la fourche 9 par l'intermédiaire de vis non représentées qui sont à visser dans les trous taraudés 24, lorsque ceux-ci sont alignés avec les trous de passage 25 de la fourche. Les bouts d'arbre 28 et 29 faisant saillie hors du moyeu peuvent, pour réaliser cet alignement, être introduits dans les encoches 30 et 31 réalisées dans l'enveloppe de la fourche 9. La fourche 9 supporte ainsi l'arbre de commande 7 de manière à lui permettre de pivoter autour de son axe longitudinal 8. La fourche 9 supporte aussi le moyeu 2 par l'intermédiaire des manchons bridés 20 et 21 et de roulements 26 et 27 insérés entre les manchons et la surface interne du moyeu 2. La roue 1 est ainsi supportée par la fourche de manière à tourner librement sur elle-même. Les bouts d'arbre 28 et 29 font encore saillie au-delà de la fourche 3 et, dans cette partie en saillie, il sont rainures de façon à pouvoir recevoir chacun un levier de commande 32 ou 33, qui est représenté en coupe sur la figure 1 et en plan sur la figure 3. A une extrémité, chacun de ces leviers présente une ouverture cannelée 34 qui est adaptée pour coopérer avec un bout d'arbre rainure 28 ou 29. Un mouvement du levier autour de l'axe 8 entraîne ainsi un mouvement de pivotement de l'arbre de commande 7 autour de celui-ci. Les manchons bridés 20 et 21 entourent au moins partiellement les galets de frottement 13 et 14. Sur la surface périphérique externe des galets sont prévues des gorges 35, 36 qui s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal 8. De même sur la surface interne des manchons bridés 20 et 21 on a agencé un nombre correspondant de gorges 37 et 38 qui s'étendent également parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal 8. Dans chaque gorge 35, 36 des galets de frottement est insérée une clavette 39, 40 qui fait saillie jusque dans une gorge correspondante 37, 38 des manchons bridés. De cette manière, lors d'un pivotement de l'arbre de commande 7, les galets de frottement ne peuvent être entraînés par celui-ci dans un mouvement rotatif; ils peuvent uniquement se déplacer parallèlement à l'axe 8, les clavettes servant de moyens de retenue et de guidage des galets de frottement. Dans la position représentée sur la figure 1 , l'arbre de commande 7 est dans une position angulaire dans laquelle les galets de frottement 13, 14 sont écartés l'un de l'autre ainsi que des surfaces de frottement de la couronne 3. Si l'arbre de commande 7 amorce un très léger pivotement, les galets de frottement 13 et 14 sont rapprochés l'un de l'autre, étant donné les sens opposés des filetages 11 et 12, et ils viennent en contact avec les surfaces de frottement de la couronne 3, ce qui freine et puis bloque très rapidement la roue. A l'inverse un déblocage de la roue se réalise tout aussi rapidement. On peut évidemment prévoir d'autres modes de guidage des galets de frottement parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal 8. On pourrait par exemple envisager que les manchons bridés soient pourvus de tiges de guidage faisant saillie parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal 8, ces tiges pénétrant dans des trous correspondant prévus dans les brides 15 et 16 des galets de frottement. On peut noter que l'ensemble du dispositif suivant l'invention se trouve logé à l'intérieur du moyeu 2 qui est fermé latéralement par les brides 22 et 23 des manchons bridés 20 et 21. Il est donc particulièrement bien protégé, d'autant plus que le tout est enfermé dans la fourche 9. Les bandages de roue ne subissent aucune agression par usure de la part d'un patin de frein et les surfaces de friction sont bien adaptées l'une à l'autre et réalisées en une matière appropriée pour obtenir un freinage prononcé. Sur les figures 3 et 5 on a représenté plus en détail une forme de réalisation de moyens de transmission d'une commande entre des moyens de manoeuvre, représentés de manière schématique par le bloc 71 sur les figures 5 et 6, et l'arbre de commande 7 représenté sur les figures 1 et 2. Les moyens de manoeuvre peuvent être n'importe quel moyen connu de l'homme de métier et par exemple une pédale, une manette, etc. Comme déjà indiqué plus haut, des leviers de commande- an element integral with the wheel which is located between the friction rollers and which, in a first angular position of the control shaft, is in contact with the close friction rollers, which grip it so as to brake and / or block the wheel, and, in a second angular position of the drive shaft, is without contact with the friction rollers, which allows the wheel to rotate freely. This device offers the advantage of producing friction between rollers and an element integral with the wheel which are intended only for braking and which therefore can be, all or some of them, made of a resistant material, promoting friction, such as brake pads. In addition, this braking device is located inside the hub and it is therefore not visible from the outside in any case for a large part. It is sheltered from external dirt and protected from shocks or obstacles which appear during the movement of the container. An important advantage of the device according to the invention is that it requires only a very reduced pivoting of the axis from one of its angular positions to the other. Extremely rapid state transition braking and blocking in the unlocked state is very quickly achieved. A pivoting angle of the control shaft of an order of magnitude of 3.6 ° for example may be sufficient. According to one embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a fork which supports, on the one hand, the control shaft, allowing it to pivot around said longitudinal axis, and, on the other hand, the wheel allowing rotation thereof around this same longitudinal axis. Advantageously, the fork is arranged on a vehicle, for example a container, so as to be able to pivot around a vertical axis. The latter is preferably offset from the abovementioned longitudinal axis, that is to say it is not in a plane through which this longitudinal axis passes. According to an improved embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a washer threaded on the control shaft between the first friction roller and the second friction roller, this washer resiliently recalling each friction roller away from the one of the other. This washer, for example of the star type, makes it possible to cancel the play specific to the screw connections between the control shaft and the friction rollers. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises maneuvering means accessible to a person driving a vehicle carrying said wheel and means of transmission between these maneuvering means and the control shaft. Other embodiments of the invention are indicated in the appended claims. Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description given below, without implied limitation, of an exemplary embodiment of the invention, with reference to the attached drawings. Figures 1 and 2 show sectional views of a wheel braking or locking device according to the invention, one along the plane ll of Figure 2 and the other along the plane ll-ll of the figure 1. Figure 3 shows a plan view, partially broken, of a transmission lever. FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of the fork in a plane passing through its vertical axis of rotation and through a plane perpendicular to the cutting plane ll. 5 shows a sectional view of the transmission means of a device according to the invention, in a plane passing through the vertical axis of rotation of the fork and perpendicular to the plane of Figure 4. Figure 6 shows in a sectional view similar to Figure 5 a variant of the transmission means of a device according to the invention. In the various drawings, identical or analogous elements are designated by the same references. It should be noted that the drawings are not given to scale and that the proportion of the various elements is not always respected, this for the purpose of clarity and legibility of the drawings. In Figures 1 and 2 there is illustrated a braking and / or wheel locking device according to the invention. The wheel 1 usually comprises a hub 2, a fabric 3 and a rim 4 provided with a tire 5. All of these elements are fixedly connected to each other. The hub 2 also has an axial cavity 6, in which is housed a control shaft 7 which has a longitudinal axis 8. The control shaft is mounted on a fork 9 so as to be able to pivot around this axis and the wheel 1 is mounted on the control shaft 7 so that it can rotate freely around this same axis 8. The fork 9 itself is mounted on a vehicle, for example a lattice container, so as to be able to pivot around a vertical axis 10 (see FIG. 4) which, in the illustrated embodiment is offset from the longitudinal axis 8. The control shaft 7 has two threads on its peripheral surface, a first thread 11 and a second 12 which are provided, in opposite directions, on zones arranged symmetrically with respect to the median plane which divides tree 7 in two. A threaded friction roller 13 is screwed onto the thread 11 and another threaded friction roller 14 is screwed onto the thread 12. Each roller is provided with an annular flange 15 and 16 respectively. These face each other and surround the canvas in the form of a crown 3, which projects partially inside the hub 2. In the example illustrated, this is formed by two half-hubs joined to one another. One could of course also provide a one-piece hub fixedly connected to the canvas and having inside its cavity a partition in the shape of a crown. In fact, the crown 3 divides the axial cavity into two compartments and has a central opening through which the control shaft has passed so that one of the threads is in one compartment and the other in the other. The annular flanges 15 and 16 and / or the crown 3 are provided with friction surfaces made of a suitable material known per se. In the illustrated case, only the crown has two friction surfaces 17 and 18 made of a material promoting friction, for example in the form of brake pads. Between the two friction rollers 13 and 14, in the central opening of the crown 3, is housed an elastic washer 19, for example a star washer known per se which pushes the friction rollers away from one of the 'other. Furthermore, in the example illustrated, there are also two flanged sleeves 20 inside the axial cavity 6 of the hub 2 and 21, the flanges 22 and 23 of which laterally close the axial cavity 6, while allowing passage of the control shaft 7. These flanged sleeves are fixedly connected to the fork 9 by means of screws (not shown) which are to be screwed into the threaded holes 24, when these are aligned with the through holes 25 of the fork. The ends of the shaft 28 and 29 projecting from the hub can, to achieve this alignment, be introduced into the notches 30 and 31 made in the shell of the fork 9. The fork 9 thus supports the control shaft 7 of so as to allow it to pivot about its longitudinal axis 8. The fork 9 also supports the hub 2 by means of the flanged sleeves 20 and 21 and bearings 26 and 27 inserted between the sleeves and the inner surface of the hub 2. The wheel 1 is thus supported by the fork so as to rotate freely on itself. The shaft ends 28 and 29 still protrude beyond the fork 3 and, in this projecting part, there are grooves so as to each be able to receive a control lever 32 or 33, which is shown in section on the Figure 1 and in plan in Figure 3. At one end, each of these levers has a grooved opening 34 which is adapted to cooperate with a groove shaft end 28 or 29. A movement of the lever around the axis 8 causes thus a pivoting movement of the control shaft 7 around it. The flanged sleeves 20 and 21 at least partially surround the friction rollers 13 and 14. On the external peripheral surface of the rollers are provided grooves 35, 36 which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis 8. Similarly on the internal surface flanged sleeves 20 and 21 have been arranged a corresponding number of grooves 37 and 38 which also extend parallel to the longitudinal axis 8. In each groove 35, 36 of the friction rollers is inserted a key 39, 40 which projects down a throat corresponding 37, 38 of the flanged sleeves. In this way, during a pivoting of the control shaft 7, the friction rollers cannot be driven by the latter in a rotary movement; they can only move parallel to the axis 8, the keys serving as means for retaining and guiding the friction rollers. In the position shown in FIG. 1, the control shaft 7 is in an angular position in which the friction rollers 13, 14 are separated from one another as well as from the friction surfaces of the crown 3. If the control shaft 7 initiates a very slight pivoting, the friction rollers 13 and 14 are brought towards each other, given the opposite directions of the threads 11 and 12, and they come into contact with the friction surfaces crown 3, which brakes and then very quickly locks the wheel. Conversely, the wheel is released just as quickly. It is obviously possible to provide other modes of guiding the friction rollers parallel to the longitudinal axis 8. One could for example envisage that the flanged sleeves are provided with guide rods projecting parallel to the longitudinal axis 8, these rods penetrating in corresponding holes provided in the flanges 15 and 16 of the friction rollers. It can be noted that the entire device according to the invention is housed inside the hub 2 which is closed laterally by the flanges 22 and 23 of the flanged sleeves 20 and 21. It is therefore particularly well protected, all the more more than the whole is enclosed in the fork 9. The wheel treads are not subjected to any attack by wear on the part of a brake shoe and the friction surfaces are well adapted to each other and made of a material suitable for obtaining pronounced braking. FIGS. 3 and 5 show in more detail an embodiment of means for transmitting a command between operating means, represented schematically by the block 71 in FIGS. 5 and 6, and the control shaft 7 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The operating means can be any means known to those skilled in the art and for example a pedal, a lever , etc. As already indicated above, control levers

32, 33 sont avantageusement agencés sur les bouts d'arbre 28, 29 de manière à pouvoir entraîner l'arbre en rotation, si les leviers sont amenés à pivoter autour de l'axe longitudinal 8. Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la figure 5, à l'extrémité opposée de leur ouverture cannelée 34 ces leviers présentent une ouverture allongée 41 qui permet d'articuler ces leviers sur des pistons correspondants 42, 43 qui sont logés dans des vérins 44, 45 situés à l'intérieur de la fourche 9 et font partiellement saillie hors de celle-ci. Les pistons sont repoussés vers l'extérieur par des ressorts de compression 46 et 47. Les vérins 44 et 45 sont supportés dans la fourche 9 par une barre de support 48 qui elle-même est reliée de manière fixe à un bloc creux 49 à section circulaire. Celui-ci est capable de coulisser dans une cavité à section circulaire d'un coulisseau tubulaire 50 faisant saillie hors de la fourche 9 au sommet de celle-ci, au travers d'un trou circulaire 51. Ce coulisseau tubulaire 50 est guidé de manière à pouvoir coulisser verticalement par le bloc creux 49 et par des tiges de guidage 52, 53 fixées à un boîtier 54 solidaire du véhicule. La fourche 9 est supportée par ce boîtier 54 par l'intermédiaire d'une plaque pivotante 55, supportée par des roulements 56 et 57 à l'intérieur du boîtier 54, et de boulons 58 et 59. Ces boulons 58 et 59 passent au travers, non seulement de la plaque pivotante 55, mais aussi d'un disque 60 et d'une rondelle 61. La plaque pivotante 55, le disque 60 et la rondelle 61 présentent chacun une ouverture centrale circulaire au travers de laquelle passe le coulisseau 50, ce qui leur permet de tourner autour de l'axe vertical 10 avec la fourche 9. Des ressorts de compression 62 et 63 maintiennent écartés la rondelle 61 et le disque 60. Celui-ci porte une couronne en matière favorisant la friction 64 qui, dans la position illustrée, est en appui sur une surface du boîtier 54 et bloque ainsi la rotation de la fourche 9 autour de l'axe vertical. Au sommet du boîtier 54 est montée une poulie 65 autour de laquelle passe un câble de transmission 66 qui est relié, d'une part, aux moyens de manoeuvre 71 schématiquement illustrés et, d'autre part, à un tube à section quadrangulaire 67, dont l'extrémité 68 est emprisonnée dans le bloc 49. Le bloc 49 et le tube 67 et en particulier son extrémité 68 sont avantageusement en une matière autolubrifiante, par exemple du bronze. Le dispositif de freinage est bloqué et la fourche 9 l'est aussi dans la position des moyens de transmission représentés sur la figure 5. Lorsqu'à la suite d'une commande des moyens de manoeuvre 71 , une traction est exercée sur le câble 66, le tube 67, le bloc 49 et la barre de support 48 sont amenés à coulisser vers le haut, à encontre de la force des ressorts de rappel 46 et 47. Les pistons 42 et 43 accompagnent ce mouvement et font pivoter les leviers de commande 32 et 33 de telle façon que le dispositif de freinage soit débloqué. Tant que le bloc 49 n'a pas atteint l'épaulement interne 69 du coulisseau 50, le dispositif de freinage de la roue est débloqué, mais le pivotement de la fourche 9 reste empêché. Cela permet un déplacement du véhicule en ligne droite, ce qui est intéressant lorsque des conteneurs stockés l'un contre l'autre par exemple dans un camion doivent être extraits de celui- ci. Quant le bloc 49 entre en appui sur l'épaulement interne 69 du coulisseau 50, il entraîne celui-ci vers le haut. Le coulisseau 50, par un epaulement externe 70, va alors soulever le disque 60 et décoller la couronne de friction 64 de son appui sur le boîtier 54. La fourche est alors libérée et peut pivoter autour de l'axe vertical 10. Il doit être entendu que la présente invention n'est en aucune façon limitée aux formes de réalisation décrites ci-dessus et que bien des modifications peuvent y être apportées sans sortir du cadre des revendications annexées. On pourrait par exemple prévoir des moyens de manoeuvre et de transmission qui ne permettent que deux positions, un blocage et un déblocage du dispositif de freinage, sans se préoccuper du blocage du pivotement de la fourche. Le rabattement d'un timon de remorquage en position horizontale venant en contact avec le système de manoeuvre pourrait permettre également un déblocage de la roue et du pivotement de la fourche. En ce qui concerne le centrage de l'arbre de commande 7, il suffit d'amener par rotation de celui-ci les galets de frottement 13 et 14 en position de blocage de la roue, placer les leviers de commande 32, 33, et puis serrer des écrous autour des extrémités filetées de l'arbre de commande, telles qu'illustrées sur la figure 1. On pourrait aussi remplacer la poulie et le câble par d'autres moyens de transmission équivalents comme des vérins, des courroies de transmission ou des engrenages.32, 33 are advantageously arranged on the ends of the shaft 28, 29 so as to be able to drive the shaft in rotation, if the levers are made to pivot around the longitudinal axis 8. In the embodiment shown in the FIG. 5, at the opposite end of their grooved opening 34, these levers have an elongated opening 41 which makes it possible to articulate these levers on corresponding pistons 42, 43 which are housed in jacks 44, 45 situated inside the fork 9 and partially protrude from it. The pistons are pushed outwards by compression springs 46 and 47. The jacks 44 and 45 are supported in the fork 9 by a support bar 48 which itself is fixedly connected to a hollow block 49 with cross-section circular. The latter is capable of sliding in a circular section cavity of a tubular slide 50 projecting from the fork 9 at the top thereof, through a circular hole 51. This tubular slide 50 is guided so able to slide vertically by the hollow block 49 and by guide rods 52, 53 fixed to a housing 54 secured to the vehicle. The fork 9 is supported by this housing 54 by means of a pivoting plate 55, supported by bearings 56 and 57 inside the housing 54, and by bolts 58 and 59. These bolts 58 and 59 pass through , not only of the pivoting plate 55, but also of a disc 60 and a washer 61. The pivoting plate 55, the disc 60 and the washer 61 each have a circular central opening through which the slide 50 passes, which allows them to rotate around the vertical axis 10 with the fork 9. Compression springs 62 and 63 keep the washer 61 and the disc 60 apart. The latter carries a crown of material promoting friction 64 which, in the illustrated position, is supported on a surface of the housing 54 and thus blocks rotation of the fork 9 around the vertical axis. At the top of the housing 54 is mounted a pulley 65 around which passes a transmission cable 66 which is connected, on the one hand, to the operating means 71 schematically illustrated and, on the other hand, to a tube with quadrangular section 67, whose end 68 is trapped in the block 49. The block 49 and the tube 67 and in particular its end 68 are advantageously made of a self-lubricating material, for example bronze. The braking device is blocked and the fork 9 is also locked in the position of the transmission means shown in FIG. 5. When, following control of the operating means 71, traction is exerted on the cable 66 , the tube 67, the block 49 and the support bar 48 are caused to slide upwards, against the force of the return springs 46 and 47. The pistons 42 and 43 accompany this movement and rotate the control levers 32 and 33 in such a way that the braking device is released. As long as the block 49 has not reached the internal shoulder 69 of the slider 50, the wheel braking device is released, but the pivoting of the fork 9 remains prevented. This allows the vehicle to be moved in a straight line, which is advantageous when containers stored one against the other, for example in a truck, have to be removed from it. When the block 49 comes to bear on the internal shoulder 69 of the slide 50, it drives the latter upwards. The slide 50, by an external shoulder 70, will then lift the disc 60 and take off the friction ring 64 of its support on the housing 54. The fork is then released and can pivot around the vertical axis 10. It should be understood that the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described above. above and that many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims. One could for example provide maneuvering and transmission means which allow only two positions, a blocking and an unlocking of the braking device, without worrying about blocking the pivoting of the fork. The folding of a drawbar in a horizontal position coming into contact with the maneuvering system could also allow the wheel to be released and the pivoting of the fork. With regard to the centering of the control shaft 7, it suffices to bring the friction rollers 13 and 14 by rotation thereof into the wheel locking position, place the control levers 32, 33, and then tighten nuts around the threaded ends of the control shaft, as illustrated in figure 1. We could also replace the pulley and the cable by other equivalent transmission means such as jacks, transmission belts or gears.

Sur la figure 6, on a ainsi illustré une variante de moyens de transmission. Sur cette figure, les éléments identiques ou analogues à ceux représentés sur la figure 5 ont reçu les mêmes références. Dans cet exemple de réalisation de la figure 6, les leviers 32 et 33 coopèrent avec des tiges 72 et 73 qui peuvent être déplacées verticalement dans des guides 74 et 75 portés par la fourche 9. Ces tiges 72 et 73 sont fixées, par exemple par vissage, à la barre de support 48.In FIG. 6, a variant of the transmission means has thus been illustrated. In this figure, elements identical or analogous to those shown in Figure 5 have been given the same references. In this embodiment of Figure 6, the levers 32 and 33 cooperate with rods 72 and 73 which can be moved vertically in guides 74 and 75 carried by the fork 9. These rods 72 and 73 are fixed, for example by screwing, to the support bar 48.

Une tige de manoeuvre 76 est directement fixée, par exemple par vissage, sur la barre de support 48 de manière à faire saillie au travers du sommet de la fourche 9 et du boîtier 54. La fourche 9 est portée par le boîtier 54 par l'intermédiaire de la plaque pivotante 55 qui est supportée par les roulements 56 et 57 et des boulons 58 et 59. Les boulons 58 et 59 passent au travers d'un disque 77 qui présente un évidement central 83 percé d'un orifice circulaire pour le passage de la tige 76, ce qui permet à ce disque de tourner autour de l'axe vertical 10 avec la fourche 9. Des ressorts de compression 78 et 79 maintiennent écartés la plaque 55 et le disque 77. Celui-ci porte une couronne 80 en matière favorisant la friction, qui, dans la position illustrée, est en appui sur une surface du boîtier 54 et bloque ainsi la rotation de la fourche 9 autour de l'axe 10. La tige de manoeuvre 76 est pourvue d'un filetage 81 dans une partie de son extension. Sur ce filetage 81 est vissée une bague 82 capable de coulisser dans l'évidement central 83 du disque 77. Un ressort de rappel 84, qui prend appui sur la plaque pivotante 55 repousse la bague 82 à l'écart du fond de l'évidement 83. Dans la position illustrée, le dispositif de freinage est bloqué et la fourche 9 aussi. A la suite d'une poussée par les moyens de manoeuvre 71 sur la tige de manoeuvre 76, celle-ci entraîne directement vers le bas les tiges 72 et 73 qui commandent un pivotement des leviers 32 et 33 et donc de l'arbre 7, ainsi qu'un déblocage du frein. Pendant cette poussée, le ressort 84 est comprimé et la bague parvient à un certain moment au fond de l'évidement 83, ce qui permet de faire coulisser vers le bas le disque 77, à rencontre de la force des ressorts 78 et 79. Il se produit alors un décollement de la couronne 80 à partir de la surface du boîtier, ce qui libère le pivotement de la fourche 9. An operating rod 76 is directly fixed, for example by screwing, on the support bar 48 so as to project through the top of the fork 9 and the housing 54. The fork 9 is carried by the housing 54 by means of the pivoting plate 55 which is supported by the bearings 56 and 57 and bolts 58 and 59. The bolts 58 and 59 pass through a disc 77 which has a central recess 83 pierced with a circular orifice for the passage of the rod 76, which allows this disc to rotate around the vertical axis 10 with the fork 9. Compression springs 78 and 79 keep the plate 55 and the disc 77 apart. The latter carries a crown 80 made of friction-promoting material, which, in the position illustrated, is supported on a surface of the housing 54 and thus blocks the rotation of the fork 9 around the axis 10. The operating rod 76 is provided with a thread 81 in part of its extension. On this thread 81 is screwed a ring 82 capable of sliding in the central recess 83 of the disc 77. A return spring 84, which bears on the pivoting plate 55 pushes the ring 82 away from the bottom of the recess 83. In the position illustrated, the braking device is blocked and the fork 9 also. Following a push by the operating means 71 on the operating rod 76, the latter directly drives down the rods 72 and 73 which control a pivoting of the levers 32 and 33 and therefore of the shaft 7, as well as a brake release. During this thrust, the spring 84 is compressed and the ring arrives at a certain time at the bottom of the recess 83, which makes it possible to slide the disc 77 downwards, meeting the force of the springs 78 and 79. It a detachment of the crown 80 then occurs from the surface of the housing, which frees the pivoting of the fork 9.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Dispositif de freinage et/ou de blocage de roue, dans lequel la roue (1) comporte un moyeu (2) présentant une cavité axiale, ce dispositif comprenant - un arbre de commande (7) qui est agencé au travers de la cavité axiale (6) du moyeu, et qui présente un axe longitudinal (8) autour duquel lui-même et la roue sont capables de pivoter indépendamment l'un de l'autre, cet arbre de commande (7) étant pourvu d'un premier filetage (11) dans un premier sens, dans une première zone, et d'un deuxième filetage (12) dans un deuxième sens opposé au premier, dans une deuxième zone, CLAIMS 1. Braking and / or wheel locking device, in which the wheel (1) comprises a hub (2) having an axial cavity, this device comprising - a control shaft (7) which is arranged through the axial cavity (6) of the hub, and which has a longitudinal axis (8) around which itself and the wheel are capable of pivoting independently of one another, this control shaft (7) being provided with a first thread (11) in a first direction, in a first area, and a second thread (12) in a second direction opposite to the first, in a second area, - un premier galet de frottement (13) supporté sur l'arbre de commande (7) et coopérant par un premier taraudage avec le premier filetage (11) susdit de celui-ci, - un deuxième galet de frottement (14) supporté sur l'arbre de commande (7) et coopérant par un deuxième taraudage avec le deuxième filetage (12) susdit de celui-ci,- a first friction roller (13) supported on the control shaft (7) and cooperating by a first tapping with the first thread (11) mentioned above, - a second friction roller (14) supported on the 'control shaft (7) and cooperating by a second thread with the aforementioned second thread (12) thereof, - des moyens de retenue (35-40) des galets de frottement (13, 14) qui empêchent une rotation des galets de frottement, en permettant leur déplacement en sens opposé, parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal susdit, en cas de pivotement de l'arbre de commande (7), ainsi que- retaining means (35-40) of the friction rollers (13, 14) which prevent rotation of the friction rollers, by allowing them to move in the opposite direction, parallel to the said longitudinal axis, in the event of pivoting of the drive shaft (7), as well as - un élément solidaire (3) de la roue (1) qui est situé entre les galets de frottement (13, 14) et qui, dans une première position angulaire de l'arbre de commande, est en contact avec les galets de frottement rapprochés, qui l'enserrent de manière à freiner et/ou bloquer la roue, et, dans une deuxième position angulaire de l'arbre de commande, est sans contact avec les galets de frottement, ce qui permet à la roue de tourner librement. - an integral element (3) of the wheel (1) which is located between the friction rollers (13, 14) and which, in a first angular position of the control shaft, is in contact with the close friction rollers , which enclose it so as to brake and / or block the wheel, and, in a second angular position of the control shaft, is without contact with the friction rollers, which allows the wheel to rotate freely. 2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'élément solidaire de la roue est une cloison (3) qui divise la cavité axiale (6) du moyeu (2) en deux compartiments et qui présente une ouverture centrale au travers de laquelle passe l'arbre de commande (7), le premier galet de frottement (13) étant agencé dans un compartiment et le deuxième galet de frottement (14) dans l'autre. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the element integral with the wheel is a partition (3) which divides the axial cavity (6) of the hub (2) into two compartments and which has a central opening through which the control shaft (7) passes, the first friction roller (13) being arranged in one compartment and the second friction roller (14) in the other. 3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que cette cloison (3) est solidaire ou fixée à la roue (1 ). 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that this partition (3) is integral or fixed to the wheel (1). 4. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les galets de frottement (13, 14) et/ou l'élément solidaire (3) de la roue sont munis de surfaces de frottement (17, 18) en une matière provoquant une friction appropriée. 4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the friction rollers (13, 14) and / or the integral element (3) of the wheel are provided with friction surfaces (17, 18 ) in a material causing appropriate friction. 5. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une fourche (9) qui supporte, d'une part, l'arbre de commande (7), en permettant son pivotement autour dudit axe longitudinal (8), et, d'autre part, la roue (1) en permettant une rotation de celle-ci autour de ce même axe longitudinal. 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a fork (9) which supports, on the one hand, the control shaft (7), allowing its pivoting around said axis longitudinal (8), and, on the other hand, the wheel (1) allowing rotation thereof around this same longitudinal axis. 6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la fourche (9) est agencée sur un véhicule de manière à pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe vertical (10). 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the fork (9) is arranged on a vehicle so as to be able to pivot around a vertical axis (10). 7. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de retenue comprennent par galet de frottement (13, 14) un manchon fixe (20, 21), des premières gorges (35, 36) prévues axialement en périphérie des galets de frottement (13, 14), des deuxièmes gorges (37, 38) correspondantes prévues axialement à l'intérieur de chacun des manchons (20, 21), et des clavettes (39, 40) introduites chacune dans une première gorge d'un galet de frottement et dans une deuxième gorge d'un manchon, de manière à empêcher une rotation du galet, chacune de ces clavettes étant capable de coulisser dans les gorges où elle est logée en permettant un déplacement axial du galet de frottement lors d'un pivotement de l'arbre de commande (7). 7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the retaining means comprise by friction roller (13, 14) a fixed sleeve (20, 21), first grooves (35, 36) provided axially at the periphery of the friction rollers (13, 14), of the corresponding second grooves (37, 38) provided axially inside each of the sleeves (20, 21), and of the keys (39, 40) each introduced into a first groove of a friction roller and in a second groove of a sleeve, so as to prevent rotation of the roller, each of these keys being capable of sliding in the grooves where it is housed allowing axial movement of the roller friction during pivoting of the control shaft (7). 8. Dispositif suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que chacun des manchons (20, 21) est fixé sur ladite fourche (9). 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that each of the sleeves (20, 21) is fixed on said fork (9). 9. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une rondelle (19) enfilée sur l'arbre de commande (7) entre le premier galet de frottement et le deuxième galet de frottement, cette rondelle rappelant élastiquement chaque galet de frottement (13, 14) à l'écart l'un de l'autre. 9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a washer (19) threaded on the control shaft (7) between the first friction roller and the second friction roller, this washer resiliently recalling each friction roller (13, 14) away from one another. 10. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens de manoeuvre (71) accessibles à une personne conduisant un véhicule portant ladite roue (1) et des moyens de transmission entre ces moyens de manoeuvre et l'arbre de commande (7). 10. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises operating means (71) accessible to a person driving a vehicle carrying said wheel (1) and means of transmission between these operating means and the control shaft (7). 11. Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de transmission comprennent au moins un levier de commande (32, 33), chaque levier de commande étant fixé à un bout (28, 29) de l'arbre de commande de façon à pouvoir pivoter autour de l'axe longitudinal (8) susdit entre une première position de commande dans* laquelle l'arbre de commande (7) se trouve dans ladite première position angulaire et une deuxième position de commande, dans laquelle l'arbre de commande se trouve dans ladite deuxième position angulaire. 11. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the transmission means comprise at least one control lever (32, 33), each control lever being fixed to one end (28, 29) of the pivotally around the longitudinal axis of drive shaft (8) between a first position aforesaid control * in which the control shaft (7) is in said first angular position and a second control position , in which the control shaft is in said second angular position. 12. Dispositif suivant la revendication 11 , caractérisé en ce que les moyens de manoeuvre (71 ) transmettent audit au moins un levier de commande (32, 33) un mouvement de poussée converti par celui-ci en un pivotement de l'arbre de commande (7). 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the operating means (71) transmit to said at least one control lever (32, 33) a pushing movement converted by the latter into a pivoting of the control shaft (7). 13. Dispositif suivant la revendication 11 , caractérisé en ce que les moyens de manoeuvre (71) transmettent audit au moins un levier de commande (32, 33) un mouvement de traction converti par celui-ci en un pivotement de l'arbre de commande (7). 13. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the maneuvering means (71) transmit to said at least one control lever (32, 33) a traction movement converted by the latter into a pivoting of the control shaft (7). 14. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de transmission comprennent en outre des moyens de blocage (60, 64) du pivotement de la fourche (9) autour de son axe vertical (10). 14. Device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the transmission means further comprise means for blocking (60, 64) the pivoting of the fork (9) about its vertical axis (10). 15. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de manoeuvre (71) comprennent une pédale ou manette reliée au véhicule et auxdits moyens de transmission et présentant au moins deux positions de manoeuvre extrêmes, dont l'une correspond à ladite première position angulaire de l'arbre de commande (7) et dont l'autre correspond à ladite deuxième position angulaire de celui-ci. 15. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that said operating means (71) comprise a pedal or lever connected to the vehicle and to said transmission means and having at least two extreme operating positions, including one corresponds to said first angular position of the control shaft (7) and the other of which corresponds to said second angular position thereof. 16. Dispositif suivant la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que, dans la position de manoeuvre extrême des moyens de manoeuvre, dans laquelle l'arbre de commande (7) est dans ladite première position angulaire, la fourche (9) est dans une position bloquée dans sa rotation par rapport audit axe vertical (10), en ce que, dans l'autre des positions de manoeuvre extrêmes susdites, dans laquelle l'arbre de commande est dans ladite deuxième position angulaire, la fourche est dans une position débloquée dans sa rotation par rapport audit axe vertical (10), et en ce que, "dans une position de manoeuvre intermédiaire aux positions de manoeuvre extrêmes susdites, l'arbre de commande est déjà parvenu dans sa deuxième position angulaire, alors que la fourche reste dans sa position bloquée susdite. 16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that, in the extreme operating position of the operating means, in which the control shaft (7) is in said first angular position, the fork (9) is in a position locked in its rotation relative to said vertical axis (10), in that, in the other of the above extreme operating positions, in which the control shaft is in said second angular position, the fork is in an unlocked position in its rotation relative to said vertical axis (10), and in that, "in an intermediate operating position at the above-mentioned extreme operating positions, the control shaft has already reached its second angular position, while the fork remains in its aforementioned blocked position.
PCT/EP2005/052034 2004-05-06 2005-05-04 Braking and/or wheel locking device Ceased WO2005108121A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2004/0226 2004-05-06
BE2004/0226A BE1016007A3 (en) 2004-05-06 2004-05-06 Braking device and / or wheel lock.

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WO2005108121A1 true WO2005108121A1 (en) 2005-11-17

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1604060A (en) * 1923-06-04 1926-10-19 Matthews Jesse Vehicle brake
US1904186A (en) * 1930-06-19 1933-04-18 Eclipse Machine Co Brake mechanism
US1928866A (en) * 1929-12-09 1933-10-03 Luke E Robinson Disk brake
DE1985480U (en) * 1965-02-01 1968-05-16 Secalt HAND CART WITH HUB BRAKE.
GB2236719A (en) 1989-10-11 1991-04-17 Loredo Manufacturing Limited Roll cage
JPH11208482A (en) 1998-01-30 1999-08-03 Daifuku Co Ltd Article transporting tool with caster device
US6098999A (en) 1998-08-13 2000-08-08 Anastasia; James A. Safety shopping cart
JP2002104195A (en) 2001-07-26 2002-04-10 Kawajun Co Ltd Brake means

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1604060A (en) * 1923-06-04 1926-10-19 Matthews Jesse Vehicle brake
US1928866A (en) * 1929-12-09 1933-10-03 Luke E Robinson Disk brake
US1904186A (en) * 1930-06-19 1933-04-18 Eclipse Machine Co Brake mechanism
DE1985480U (en) * 1965-02-01 1968-05-16 Secalt HAND CART WITH HUB BRAKE.
GB2236719A (en) 1989-10-11 1991-04-17 Loredo Manufacturing Limited Roll cage
JPH11208482A (en) 1998-01-30 1999-08-03 Daifuku Co Ltd Article transporting tool with caster device
US6098999A (en) 1998-08-13 2000-08-08 Anastasia; James A. Safety shopping cart
JP2002104195A (en) 2001-07-26 2002-04-10 Kawajun Co Ltd Brake means

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