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WO2005100926A1 - Device for checking banknotes - Google Patents

Device for checking banknotes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005100926A1
WO2005100926A1 PCT/EP2005/003898 EP2005003898W WO2005100926A1 WO 2005100926 A1 WO2005100926 A1 WO 2005100926A1 EP 2005003898 W EP2005003898 W EP 2005003898W WO 2005100926 A1 WO2005100926 A1 WO 2005100926A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pixel
detector
light
mirror
dimensional
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2005/003898
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernd Wunderer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Priority to EP05729347A priority Critical patent/EP1745262A1/en
Publication of WO2005100926A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005100926A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • G07D7/121—Apparatus characterised by sensor details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
    • G07D7/202—Testing patterns thereon using pattern matching
    • G07D7/206—Matching template patterns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for checking valuables, in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables that • have an azimuthally direction-dependent optical characteristic.
  • a device for checking valuables in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables that • have an azimuthally direction-dependent optical characteristic.
  • B. banknotes known, which have a direction-dependent optical characteristic.
  • Such features are, for example, pressure areas generated by means of steel pressure, which have relief-like structures.
  • Another example are holograms or kinegrams, which are applied to the valuables and z. B. have lattice structures.
  • the special structures of these features result in direction-dependent optical properties, ie when the objects of value or their features are viewed at an angle which is oblique to the surface normal, their optical characteristics, which are dependent on the rotation about the normal, can be perceived.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device for checking valuables, in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables which have an azimuthally direction-dependent optical characteristic, which makes it possible to detect the special optical characteristic of such characteristics in order to to be able to prove this.
  • the invention relates to a device for checking valuables, in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables that have a direction-dependent optical characteristic, which uses an optical imaging device for testing that images a pixel two-dimensionally, in particular in a ring, the two-dimensional image has an azimuthal intensity distribution, which is determined by the radiation direction of the pixel.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage that a simple evaluation of the intensity distribution of the imaged pixel makes it possible to check for the presence of the feature with a direction-dependent optical characteristic. This enables the authenticity of the object of value to be checked in a simple manner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a device for checking valuables, in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables,
  • Figure 2 shows a basic, not to scale beam path for the device of Figure 1
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a device 1 for checking valuables BN and / or features 9 for valuables that have a direction-dependent optical characteristic.
  • Valuables BN in the sense of this invention are, for example, documents of value such as banknotes, tickets, checks etc., any valuable objects and their packaging.
  • the features 9 are, for example, pressure areas generated by means of steel pressure, which have relief-like structures.
  • Another example of such features 9 are holograms or kinegrams that are applied to the valuables and z. B. have lattice structures.
  • the special structures of these features 9 result in direction-dependent optical properties, ie when the objects of value BN or their features 9 are viewed at an oblique angle, their direction-dependent optical characteristics can be perceived when rotating around the surface normal.
  • the device 1 for testing has an optical imaging device 2, 3, 4, which images an isotropically or axially symmetrically radiating pixel 8 lying on the optical axis OA, in particular in a ring arranged around the optical axis OA. If the pixel 8 does not emit axially symmetric, an azimuthal intensity distribution results in the two-dimensional image of the pixel 8, which is determined by the preferred radiation directions of the pixel 8.
  • Optical imaging devices 2, 3, 4 with the properties mentioned can be formed, for example, from a lens or a mirror and from combinations of lens (s) and mirror (s) which have aspherical imaging properties. Fresnel lenses or Fresnel mirrors can also be used.
  • the optical imaging device 2, 3, 4 has a transparent cylindrical body 2, for. B. made of acrylic or plexiglass, whose outer surface 3 is mirrored or polished and therefore has total reflection and whose axis forms the optical axis OA.
  • the surface facing the pixel 8 lying on the optical axis OA is translucent and can be anti-reflective to avoid reflections.
  • a carrier 5 is attached in the region of the optical axis OA, which acts as a diaphragm for rays with small angles to the normal.
  • a light source 7 can be attached to the side of the carrier 5 facing the image point 8, and a detector 6 on the opposite side, onto which the image point 8 is imaged in a ring around the optical axis OA.
  • the light source 7 preferably generates a collimated light beam in the region of the optical axis OA.
  • the light source 7 can e.g. B. are formed by a laser diode.
  • the detector 6 has a two-dimensional dimension and can be formed, for example, by a CCD or CMOS array.
  • the surface of the cylindrical body 2 facing away from the pixel 8 preferably has a Fresnel mirror 4 which is applied to the surface as a separate component or is milled or embossed or mirrored into the surface.
  • the cylindrical body 2 typically has a diameter of 20-30mm and a length of 30-40mm.
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic beam path, not to scale, for the device 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • the object of value BN to be checked with the feature 9, and thus the pixel 8, is shown in a greatly enlarged form.
  • the feature 9 is formed by parallel raised lines running perpendicular to the image plane, which in the illustrated case were generated by means of steel pressure.
  • the illumination of the relief-like structure of the feature 9 results in that of the flanks 9 ′ and 9 ′′ of the relieved f-like lines of the feature 9, light reflects the direction-dependent optical characteristic, which is imaged onto the detector 6 via the mirrored or totally reflecting lateral surface 3 of the cylindrical body 2 and the Fresnel mirror 4. Because of the direction-dependent optical characteristic of the feature 9 and the imaging properties of the imaging device 2, 3 described above, an azimuthal intensity distribution 10 ', 10 "results.
  • FIG. 3 shows the two-dimensional detector 6 with the azimuthal intensity distribution 10 ′, 10 ′′ for the case in which the steel pressure lines run at 45 ° to the edges of the detector. Because of the optical characteristic of the feature that preferably radiates perpendicular to the course of the lines 9 results in a particularly high intensity at 135 ° at the locations identified by the reference numerals 10 ′, 10 ′′, while there is a low intensity along the ring-shaped structure 10, which is essentially scattered by the object of value BN or the feature 9 Light comes. In the case shown, it is sufficient if the two-dimensional detector 6 has a resolution of four pixels, as indicated by the dash-dotted lines. If the expected intensity distributions 10 ′, 10 ′′ are determined by the detector 6, it can be assumed that the feature 9 is present and that it is therefore a real valuable item BN.
  • the light source 7 can also be formed by another essentially point-shaped light source, such as a light-emitting diode or an incandescent lamp, which may have optics in order to focus the light on the pixel 8.
  • a light source 7, which provides polarized light for example the laser diode already mentioned, is particularly advantageous.
  • the contrast can be increased if a polarizer is arranged in front of the detector 6, which only allows light to pass through which has the same polarization as the light from the light source 7. It is essential that this is directly from the object of value BN or light reflected by the feature 9 is polarized, whereas scattered light has no polarization. Reflected light can therefore be detected by the detector 6, whereas scattered light is attenuated by the polarizer.
  • the light source 7 can also be arranged behind the Fresnel mirror 4.
  • the light of the light source is guided along the optical axis OA through the transparent body 2, for which purpose the Fresnel mirror 4 has, for example, a hole in the region of the optical axis OA.
  • Detector 6 and carrier 5 likewise have a hole or an area which is transparent to the light from light source 7, in order to enable the illumination of the image point.
  • the detector 6 can be two-dimensional, e.g. B. be designed as a CCD array, but it can also be constructed from individual sensors, which are arranged along the two-dimensional image 10 of the pixel 8.
  • the body 2 made of solid transparent material can also be designed as a hollow cylinder or can be formed only by the mirror 3.
  • the mirror 3 can also be dispensed with, but this improves the aperture of the device and thus its sensitivity considerably given the diameter of the device 1, since it shifts the entry surface from the plane of the mirror 4 into the front surface of the cylinder.
  • the detector must be arranged with respect to the pixel 8 on the optical axis OA behind the lens, which is located at the location of the Fresnel mirror 4 become.
  • the structure of the device for testing in this case has larger dimensions.
  • the device 1 for checking valuables BN, in particular banknotes, and / or features 9 for valuables that have a direction-dependent optical characteristic is particularly suitable for use in banknote processing machines.
  • Banknote processing machines of this type are used, for example, to sort, accept, check banknotes etc., the device 1 being able to be used to check the authenticity of the banknotes.
  • To check the banknotes it can be provided that a plurality of devices 1 are arranged next to one another in order to be able to check several areas of the banknote at the same time. If the bank notes are transported past the device or devices 1 in the bank note processing machine for checking, the respective bank note can be checked in one or more tracks. If the banknotes are transported along their long side, z. B. use eight devices 1 or tracks be det. When the banknotes are transported along their short side, e.g. B. 16 devices 1 or tracks can be used.
  • the device 1 in a hand test, z. B. to install a 'test pen' for manual control of features with azimuthal characteristics, which in addition to the device contains a power supply (battery), evaluation electronics, an actuating element (switch or button) and a display.
  • a power supply battery
  • evaluation electronics evaluation electronics
  • actuating element switch or button
  • the display By pulling the correctly oriented test pin over the point at which the feature is to be present, the display can signal the presence or absence of the feature.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for checking value objects, in particular, banknotes and/or features for value objects which have a directional optical character, using an optical imaging device for checking, which forms an image in two dimensions at a focal point, in particular, in a ring, whereby the two-dimensional image has an azimuthal intensity distribution determined by the irradiation characteristic of the focal point.

Description

Vorrichtung zur Prüfung von Banknoten Device for checking banknotes

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Prüfung von Wertgegenständen, insbesondere Banknoten, und/ oder Merkmalen für Wertgegenstände, die • eine azimutal richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik aufweisen. Sie ist aber ganz allgemein zur Prüfung von Oberflächen mit einer solchen Charakteristik verwendbar. Es sind Merkmale für Wertgegenstände, z. B. Banknoten, bekannt, die eine richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik aufweisen. Derartige Merkmale sind beispielsweise mittels Stahldruck erzeugte Druckbereiche, die reliefartige Strukturen aufweisen. Ein weiteres Beispiel stellen Hologramme oder Ki- negramme dar, die auf die Wertgegenstände aufgebracht werden und z. B. Gitterstrukturen aufweisen. Durch die besonderen Strukturen dieser Merkmale ergeben sich richtungsabhängige optische Eigenschaften, d. h. bei einer Betrachtung der Wertgegenstände bzw. deren Merkmale unter einem zur Oberflächennormalen schrägen Winkel kann deren von der Drehung um die Normale abhängige optische Charakteristik wahrgenommen werden.The invention relates to a device for checking valuables, in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables that • have an azimuthally direction-dependent optical characteristic. However, it can be used in general for testing surfaces with such a characteristic. There are characteristics for valuables, e.g. B. banknotes known, which have a direction-dependent optical characteristic. Such features are, for example, pressure areas generated by means of steel pressure, which have relief-like structures. Another example are holograms or kinegrams, which are applied to the valuables and z. B. have lattice structures. The special structures of these features result in direction-dependent optical properties, ie when the objects of value or their features are viewed at an angle which is oblique to the surface normal, their optical characteristics, which are dependent on the rotation about the normal, can be perceived.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zur Prüfung von Wertgegenständen, insbesondere Banknoten, und/ oder Merkmalen für Wertgegenstände, die eine azimutal richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik aufweisen, anzugeben, welche es erlaubt, die besondere optische Cha- rakteristik derartiger Merkmale zu erfassen, um diese nachweisen zu können.The object of the present invention is to provide a device for checking valuables, in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables which have an azimuthally direction-dependent optical characteristic, which makes it possible to detect the special optical characteristic of such characteristics in order to to be able to prove this.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Prüfung von Wertgegenständen, insbesondere Banknoten, und/ oder Merkmalen für Wertgegenstände, die eine richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik aufweisen, die zur Prüfung eine optische Abbildungseinrichtung verwendet, die einen Bildpunkt zwei- dimensional abbildet, insbesondere in einen Ring, wobei die zweidimensio- nale Abbildung eine azimutale Intensitätsverteilung aufweist, die durch die Abstrahlrichtung des Bildpunkts bestimmt ist.This object is achieved by a device with the features specified in claim 1. The invention relates to a device for checking valuables, in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables that have a direction-dependent optical characteristic, which uses an optical imaging device for testing that images a pixel two-dimensionally, in particular in a ring, the two-dimensional image has an azimuthal intensity distribution, which is determined by the radiation direction of the pixel.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung weist den Vorteil auf, daß durch eine einfache Auswertung der Intensitätsverteilung des abgebildeten Bildpunkts eine Überprüfung auf das Vorhandensein des Merkmals mit richtungsabhängiger optischer Charakteristik möglich ist. Dadurch wird die Überprüfung der Echtheit des Wertgegenstands in einfacher Weise ermöglicht.The device according to the invention has the advantage that a simple evaluation of the intensity distribution of the imaged pixel makes it possible to check for the presence of the feature with a direction-dependent optical characteristic. This enables the authenticity of the object of value to be checked in a simple manner.

Weitere Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand von beigefügten Figuren näher erläutert und beschrieben.Further advantages of the present invention are explained and described in more detail below with reference to the attached figures.

Es zeigt:It shows:

Figur 1 einen prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Vorrichtung zur Prüfung von Wertgegenständen, insbesondere Banknoten, und/ oder Merkmalen für Wertgegenstände,1 shows a basic structure of a device for checking valuables, in particular banknotes, and / or features for valuables,

Figur 2 einen prinzipiellen, nicht maßstabsgetreuen Strahlengang für die Vorrichtung nach Figur 1, undFigure 2 shows a basic, not to scale beam path for the device of Figure 1, and

Figur 3 einen in der Vorrichtung nach Figur 1 verwendeten Detektor. Figur 1 zeigt einen prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Vorrichtung 1 zur Prüfung von Wertgegenständen BN und/ oder Merkmalen 9 für Wertgegenstände, die eine richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik aufweisen. Wertgegenstände BN im Sinne dieser Erfindung sind beispielsweise Wertdokumente wie Banknoten, Tickets, Schecks usw., beliebige wertvolle Gegenstände sowie deren Verpackung. Die Merkmale 9 sind beispielsweise mittels Stahldruck erzeugte Druckbereiche, die reliefartige Strukturen aufweisen. Ein weiteres Beispiel für derartige Merkmale 9 stellen Hologramme oder Kine- gramme dar, die auf die Wertgegenstände aufgebracht werden und z. B. Git- terstrukturen aufweisen. Durch die besonderen Strukturen dieser Merkmale 9 ergeben sich richtungsabhängige optische Eigenschaften, d. h. bei einer Betrachtung der Wertgegenstände BN bzw. deren Merkmale 9 unter schrägem Winkel kann bei Drehung um die Oberflächennormale deren richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik wahrgenommen werden.Figure 3 shows a detector used in the device of Figure 1. FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a device 1 for checking valuables BN and / or features 9 for valuables that have a direction-dependent optical characteristic. Valuables BN in the sense of this invention are, for example, documents of value such as banknotes, tickets, checks etc., any valuable objects and their packaging. The features 9 are, for example, pressure areas generated by means of steel pressure, which have relief-like structures. Another example of such features 9 are holograms or kinegrams that are applied to the valuables and z. B. have lattice structures. The special structures of these features 9 result in direction-dependent optical properties, ie when the objects of value BN or their features 9 are viewed at an oblique angle, their direction-dependent optical characteristics can be perceived when rotating around the surface normal.

Die Vorrichtung 1 zur Prüfung weist eine optische Abbildungseinrichtung 2, 3, 4 auf, die einen auf der optischen Achse OA liegenden, isotrop oder axialsymmetrisch strahlenden Bildpunkt 8 zweidimensional abbildet, insbesondere in einen um die optische Achse OA angeordneten Ring. Falls der Bild- punkt 8 nicht axialsymmetrisch abstrahlt, ergibt sich eine azimutale Intensitätsverteilung in der zweidimensionalen Abbildung des Bildpunkts 8, die durch die bevorzugten Abstrahlrichtungen des Bildpunkts 8 bestimmt ist. Optische Abbildungseinrichtungen 2, 3, 4 mit den genannten Eigenschaften können beispielsweise von einer Linse oder einem Spiegel sowie aus Kombi- nationen von Linse(n) und Spiegel(n) gebildet werden, welche asphärische Abbildungseigenschaften aufweisen. Ebenso können Fresnellinsen oder Fresnelspiegel verwendet werden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die optische Abbildungseinrichtung 2, 3, 4 einen transparenten zylindrischen Körper 2, z. B. aus Acryl- oder Plexiglas, auf, dessen Mantelfläche 3 verspiegelt ist oder poliert ist und daher Totalreflexion aufweist und dessen Achse die optische Achse OA bil- det. Die dem auf der optischen Achse OA liegenden Bildpunkt 8 zugewandte Oberfläche ist lichtdurchlässig und kann, zur Vermeidung von Reflexionen, entspiegelt sein. Auf der dem Bildpunkt 8 zugewandten Seite ist im Bereich der optischen Achse OA ein Träger 5 angebracht, der als Blende für Strahlen mit zur Normalen kleinen Winkeln wirkt. An der dem Bildpunkt 8 zugewandten Seite des Trägers 5 kann eine Lichtquelle 7 angebracht sein, an der abgewandten ein Detektor 6, auf den der Bildpunkt 8 ringförmig um die optische Achse OA herum abgebildet wird. Zur Beleuchtung des Bildpunkts 8 erzeugt die Lichtquelle 7 im Bereich der optischen Achse O A bevorzugt ein kollimiertes Lichtbündel. Die Lichtquelle 7 kann z. B. von einer Laserdiode gebildet werden. Der Detektor 6 weist eine zweidimensionale Ausdehnung auf und kann beispielsweise von einem CCD- oder CMOS-Array gebildet werden. Die dem Bildpunkt 8 abgewandte Oberfläche des zylindrischen Körpers 2 weist bevorzugt einen Fresnelspiegel 4 auf, der auf die Oberfläche als separates Bauteil aufgebracht wird oder in die Oberfläche eingefräst bzw. eingeprägt und verspiegelt wird. Der zylindrische Körper 2 hat typischerweise einen Durchmesser von 20-30mm und eine Länge von 30-40mm.The device 1 for testing has an optical imaging device 2, 3, 4, which images an isotropically or axially symmetrically radiating pixel 8 lying on the optical axis OA, in particular in a ring arranged around the optical axis OA. If the pixel 8 does not emit axially symmetric, an azimuthal intensity distribution results in the two-dimensional image of the pixel 8, which is determined by the preferred radiation directions of the pixel 8. Optical imaging devices 2, 3, 4 with the properties mentioned can be formed, for example, from a lens or a mirror and from combinations of lens (s) and mirror (s) which have aspherical imaging properties. Fresnel lenses or Fresnel mirrors can also be used. In a preferred embodiment, the optical imaging device 2, 3, 4 has a transparent cylindrical body 2, for. B. made of acrylic or plexiglass, whose outer surface 3 is mirrored or polished and therefore has total reflection and whose axis forms the optical axis OA. The surface facing the pixel 8 lying on the optical axis OA is translucent and can be anti-reflective to avoid reflections. On the side facing the pixel 8, a carrier 5 is attached in the region of the optical axis OA, which acts as a diaphragm for rays with small angles to the normal. A light source 7 can be attached to the side of the carrier 5 facing the image point 8, and a detector 6 on the opposite side, onto which the image point 8 is imaged in a ring around the optical axis OA. To illuminate the pixel 8, the light source 7 preferably generates a collimated light beam in the region of the optical axis OA. The light source 7 can e.g. B. are formed by a laser diode. The detector 6 has a two-dimensional dimension and can be formed, for example, by a CCD or CMOS array. The surface of the cylindrical body 2 facing away from the pixel 8 preferably has a Fresnel mirror 4 which is applied to the surface as a separate component or is milled or embossed or mirrored into the surface. The cylindrical body 2 typically has a diameter of 20-30mm and a length of 30-40mm.

Figur 2 zeigt einen prinzipiellen, nicht maßstabsgetreuen Strahlengang für die Vorrichtung 1 nach Figur 1. Insbesondere ist der zu überprüfende Wert- gegenstand BN mit dem Merkmal 9, und somit der Bildpunkt 8, stark vergrößert dargestellt. Das Merkmal 9 wird von senkrecht zur Bildebene verlaufenden parallelen erhabenen Linien gebildet, die im dargestellten Fall mittels Stahldruck erzeugt wurden. Durch die Beleuchtung der reliefartigen Struktur des Merkmals 9 ergibt sich für das von den Flanken 9' und 9" der relie- f artigen Linien des Merkmals 9 reflektierte Licht die richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik, welche über die verspiegelte oder total reflektierende Mantelfläche 3 des zylindrischen Körper 2 und den Fresnelspiegel 4 auf den Detektor 6 abgebildet wird. Wegen der richtungsabhängigen optischen Cha- rakteristik des Merkmals 9 und der oben beschriebenen Abbildungseigenschaften der Abbildungseinrichtung 2, 3, ergibt sich eine azimutale Intensitätsverteilung 10', 10".FIG. 2 shows a basic beam path, not to scale, for the device 1 according to FIG. 1. In particular, the object of value BN to be checked with the feature 9, and thus the pixel 8, is shown in a greatly enlarged form. The feature 9 is formed by parallel raised lines running perpendicular to the image plane, which in the illustrated case were generated by means of steel pressure. The illumination of the relief-like structure of the feature 9 results in that of the flanks 9 ′ and 9 ″ of the relieved f-like lines of the feature 9, light reflects the direction-dependent optical characteristic, which is imaged onto the detector 6 via the mirrored or totally reflecting lateral surface 3 of the cylindrical body 2 and the Fresnel mirror 4. Because of the direction-dependent optical characteristic of the feature 9 and the imaging properties of the imaging device 2, 3 described above, an azimuthal intensity distribution 10 ', 10 "results.

In Figur 3 ist der zweidimensionale Detektor 6 mit der azimutalen Intensi- tätsverteilung 10', 10" für den Fall dargestellt, dass die Stahldrucklinien unter 45° zu den Kanten des Detektors verlaufen. Wegen der senkrecht zum Verlauf der Linien bevorzugt abstrahlenden optischen Charakteristik des Merkmals 9 ergibt sich unter 135 ° an den mit den Bezugszeichen 10', 10" gekennzeichneten Stellen eine besonders hohe Intensität, während sich ent- lang der ringförmigen Struktur 10 eine geringe Intensität ergibt, die im wesentlichen von vom Wertgegenstand BN bzw. dem Merkmal 9 gestreutem Licht stammt. Im dargestellten Fall ist es ausreichend, wenn der zweidimensionale Detektor 6 über eine Auflösung von vier Bildpunkten verfügt, wie sie durch die strichpunktierten Linien angedeutet sind. Werden durch den De- tektor 6 die erwarteten Intensitätsverteilungen 10', 10" festgestellt, kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß das Merkmal 9 vorhanden ist, und es sich somit um einen echten Wertgegenstand BN handelt.FIG. 3 shows the two-dimensional detector 6 with the azimuthal intensity distribution 10 ′, 10 ″ for the case in which the steel pressure lines run at 45 ° to the edges of the detector. Because of the optical characteristic of the feature that preferably radiates perpendicular to the course of the lines 9 results in a particularly high intensity at 135 ° at the locations identified by the reference numerals 10 ′, 10 ″, while there is a low intensity along the ring-shaped structure 10, which is essentially scattered by the object of value BN or the feature 9 Light comes. In the case shown, it is sufficient if the two-dimensional detector 6 has a resolution of four pixels, as indicated by the dash-dotted lines. If the expected intensity distributions 10 ′, 10 ″ are determined by the detector 6, it can be assumed that the feature 9 is present and that it is therefore a real valuable item BN.

Abweichend von der anhand Figur 1 beschriebenen Ausführungsform sind vielfältige Abwandlungen möglich. So ist es selbstverständlich, daß zurIn a departure from the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 1, various modifications are possible. So it goes without saying that for

Auswertung der Signale des Detektors 6 eine geeignete Einrichtung, z. B. ein Mikroprozessor oder ein Mikorkontroller verwendet wird. Die Lichtquelle 7 kann statt von einer Laserdiode auch von einer anderen im wesentlichen punktförmigen Lichtquelle, wie einer Leuchtdiode oder einer Glühlampe, gebildet werden, die eventuell über eine Optik verfügt, um das Licht auf den Bildpunkt 8 zu bündeln.Evaluation of the signals of the detector 6 a suitable device, for. B. a microprocessor or a microcontroller is used. Instead of a laser diode, the light source 7 can also be formed by another essentially point-shaped light source, such as a light-emitting diode or an incandescent lamp, which may have optics in order to focus the light on the pixel 8.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist die Verwendung einer Lichtquelle 7, die polarisiertes Licht zur Verfügung stellt, beispielsweise die bereits erwähnte Laserdiode. Dadurch kann der Kontrast erhöht werden, wenn vor dem Detektor 6 ein Polarisator angeordnet wird, der nur Licht passieren läßt, welches die- selbe Polarisation aufweist, wie das Licht der Lichtquelle 7. Dabei ist es wesentlich, daß das direkt vom Wertgegenstand BN bzw. dem Merkmal 9 reflektierte Licht polarisiert ist, wohingegen gestreutes Licht keine Polarisation aufweist. Reflektiertes Licht kann deshalb vom Detektor 6 detektiert werden, wohingegen gestreutes Licht durch den Polarisator abgeschwächt wird.The use of a light source 7, which provides polarized light, for example the laser diode already mentioned, is particularly advantageous. As a result, the contrast can be increased if a polarizer is arranged in front of the detector 6, which only allows light to pass through which has the same polarization as the light from the light source 7. It is essential that this is directly from the object of value BN or light reflected by the feature 9 is polarized, whereas scattered light has no polarization. Reflected light can therefore be detected by the detector 6, whereas scattered light is attenuated by the polarizer.

Statt der dargestellten Anordnung, bei der die Lichtquelle 7 auf dem Träger 5 aufgebracht ist, kann die Lichtquelle 7 auch hinter dem Fresnelspiegel 4 angeordnet werden. In diesem Fall wird das Licht der Lichtquelle entlang der optischen Achse OA durch den transparenten Körper 2 geleitet, wozu der Fresnelspiegel 4 im Bereich der optischen Achse OA beispielsweise ein Loch aufweist. Detektor 6 und Träger 5 weisen ebenfalls ein Loch oder einen für das Licht der Lichtquelle 7 transparenten Bereich auf, um die Beleuchtung des Bildpunkts zu ermöglichen.Instead of the arrangement shown, in which the light source 7 is applied to the carrier 5, the light source 7 can also be arranged behind the Fresnel mirror 4. In this case, the light of the light source is guided along the optical axis OA through the transparent body 2, for which purpose the Fresnel mirror 4 has, for example, a hole in the region of the optical axis OA. Detector 6 and carrier 5 likewise have a hole or an area which is transparent to the light from light source 7, in order to enable the illumination of the image point.

Der Detektor 6 kann, wie beschrieben, zweidimensional, z. B. als CCD- Array, ausgebildet sein, er kann aber auch aus einzelnen Sensoren aufgebaut sein, die entlang der zweidimensionalen Abbildung 10 des Bildpunkts 8 angeordnet sind. Der aus massivem transparenten Material bestehende Körper 2 kann auch als Hohlzylinder gestaltet sein oder nur von dem Spiegel 3 gebildet werden. Prinzipiell kann auch auf den Spiegel 3 verzichtet werden, jedoch verbessert dieser bei vorgegebenem Durchmesser der Vorrichtung 1 die Apertur der Vorrichtung und damit ihre Empfindlichkeit wesentlich, da er die Eintrittsfläche von der Ebene des Spiegels 4 in die Frontfläche des Zylinders verschiebt.As described, the detector 6 can be two-dimensional, e.g. B. be designed as a CCD array, but it can also be constructed from individual sensors, which are arranged along the two-dimensional image 10 of the pixel 8. The body 2 made of solid transparent material can also be designed as a hollow cylinder or can be formed only by the mirror 3. In principle, the mirror 3 can also be dispensed with, but this improves the aperture of the device and thus its sensitivity considerably given the diameter of the device 1, since it shifts the entry surface from the plane of the mirror 4 into the front surface of the cylinder.

Wird statt des Spiegels 4 eine Linse verwendet, um den Bildpunkt 8 auf den Detektor 6 abzubilden, muß der Detektor in Bezug auf den Bildpunkt 8 auf der optischen Achse OA hinter der Linse, die sich an der Stelle des Fresnel- spiegels 4 befindet, angeordnet werden. Der Aufbau der Vorrichtung zur Prüfung weist in diesem Fall größere Abmessungen auf.If a lens is used instead of the mirror 4 to image the pixel 8 on the detector 6, the detector must be arranged with respect to the pixel 8 on the optical axis OA behind the lens, which is located at the location of the Fresnel mirror 4 become. The structure of the device for testing in this case has larger dimensions.

Die Vorrichtung 1 zur Prüfung von Wertgegenständen BN, insbesondere Banknoten, und/ oder Merkmalen 9 für Wertgegenstände, die eine richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik aufweisen, eignet sich besonders für den Einsatz in Banknotenbearbeitungsmaschinen. Derartige Banknotenbearbeitungsmaschinen werden beispielsweise dazu verwendet Banknoten zu sortieren, anzunehmen, zu prüfen usw., wobei die Vorrichtung 1 für die Überprüfung der Echtheit der Banknoten eingesetzt werden kann. Zur Überprüfung der Banknoten kann es vorgesehen sein, daß mehrere Vorrichtungen 1 nebeneinander angeordnet werden, um mehrere Bereiche der Banknote gleichzeitig überprüfen zu können. Werden die Banknoten in der Banknotenbearbeitungsmaschine zur Überprüfung an der oder den Vorrichtungen 1 vorbeitransportiert, kann die jeweilige Banknote in einer oder mehreren Spuren überprüft werden. Werden die Banknoten entlang ihrer langen Seite transportiert, können z. B. acht Vorrichtungen 1 bzw. Spuren verwen- det werden. Bei einem Transport der Banknoten entlang ihrer kurzen Seite können z. B. 16 Vorrichtungen 1 bzw. Spuren verwendet werden.The device 1 for checking valuables BN, in particular banknotes, and / or features 9 for valuables that have a direction-dependent optical characteristic is particularly suitable for use in banknote processing machines. Banknote processing machines of this type are used, for example, to sort, accept, check banknotes etc., the device 1 being able to be used to check the authenticity of the banknotes. To check the banknotes, it can be provided that a plurality of devices 1 are arranged next to one another in order to be able to check several areas of the banknote at the same time. If the bank notes are transported past the device or devices 1 in the bank note processing machine for checking, the respective bank note can be checked in one or more tracks. If the banknotes are transported along their long side, z. B. use eight devices 1 or tracks be det. When the banknotes are transported along their short side, e.g. B. 16 devices 1 or tracks can be used.

Es ist aber auch möglich, die Vorrichtung 1 in ein Handprüf gerät, z. B. einen 'Prüfstift', zur manuellen Kontrolle von Merkmalen mit azimutaler Charakteristik einzubauen, welches außer der Vorrichtung eine Stromversorgung (Batterie), eine Auswerte-Elektronik, ein Betätigungselement (Schalter oder Taste) und eine Anzeige enthält. Durch Ziehen des richtig orientierten Prüfstifts über die Stelle, an welcher das Merkmal vorhanden sein soll, kann die Anzeige das Vorhandensein bzw. NichtVorhandensein des Merkmals signalisieren. But it is also possible that the device 1 in a hand test, z. B. to install a 'test pen' for manual control of features with azimuthal characteristics, which in addition to the device contains a power supply (battery), evaluation electronics, an actuating element (switch or button) and a display. By pulling the correctly oriented test pin over the point at which the feature is to be present, the display can signal the presence or absence of the feature.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims 1. Vorrichtung (1) zur Prüfung von Wertgegenständen (BN), insbesondere Banknoten, und/ oder Merkmalen (9) für Wertgegenstände (BN), die eine azimutal richtungsabhängige optische Charakteristik aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung (1) zur Prüfung eine optische Abbildungseinrichtung (2, 3, 4) aufweist, die einen Bildpunkt (8) zweidimensional abbildet, insbesondere in einen Ring, wobei die zweidimensionale Abbildung eine azimutale Intensitätsverteilung aufweist, die durch die Richtungscharakteristik der Ab- strahlung des Bildpunkts (8) bestimmt ist.1. Device (1) for checking valuables (BN), in particular banknotes, and / or features (9) for valuables (BN) which have an azimuthal direction-dependent optical characteristic, characterized in that the device (1) for checking a Optical imaging device (2, 3, 4), which images a pixel (8) two-dimensionally, in particular in a ring, the two-dimensional image has an azimuthal intensity distribution, which is determined by the directional characteristic of the radiation of the pixel (8). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die optische Abbildungseinrichtung (2, 3, ) mindestens eine Linse oder mindestens einen Spiegel oder eine Kombination aus mindestens einer Linse und mindestens einem Spiegel aufweist, welche asphärische Abbildungseigenschaften auf- weisen.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical imaging device (2, 3,) has at least one lens or at least one mirror or a combination of at least one lens and at least one mirror, which have aspherical imaging properties. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die optische Abbildungseinrichtung (2, 3, 4) mindestens eine Fresnellinse oder mindestens einen Fresnelspiegel aufweist.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the optical imaging device (2, 3, 4) has at least one Fresnel lens or at least one Fresnel mirror. 4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Ort der zweidimensionalen Abbildung des Bildpunkts (8) ein zwei- dimensionaler Detektor (6) angeordnet ist.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a two-dimensional detector (6) is arranged at the location of the two-dimensional imaging of the pixel (8). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Detektor (6) von einem CCD- oder CMOS-Array gebildet wird. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the detector (6) is formed by a CCD or CMOS array. 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Detektor (6) von einzelnen Sensoren gebildet wird, die entlang des Verlaufs der zwei- dimensionalen Abbildung des Bildpunkts (8) angeordnet sind.6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the detector (6) is formed by individual sensors which are arranged along the course of the two-dimensional image of the pixel (8). 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Lichtquelle (7) zur Beleuchtung des Bildpunkts (8) verwendet wird, die polarisiertes Licht aussendet, und daß ein Polarisator vor dem Detektor (6) angeordnet ist, welcher nur Licht passieren läßt, das dieselbe Polarisation wie das Licht der Lichtquelle (7) aufweist.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a light source (7) for illuminating the pixel (8) is used, which emits polarized light, and that a polarizer is arranged in front of the detector (6), which only Lets pass light that has the same polarization as the light from the light source (7). 8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die optische Abbildungseinrichtung (2, 3, ) von einem transparenten zylindrischen Körper (2) gebildet wird, dessen Mantelfläche (3) poliert oder verspiegelt ist, wobei die Achse des zylindrischen Körpers (2) die optische Achse (OA) der Vorrichtung (1) bildet, mit einem Fresnelspiegel (4), auf der dem Bildpunkt (8) abgewandte Oberfläche des Körpers (2), welcher vom Bildpunkt (8) stammendes Licht auf den um die optische Achse (OA) angeordneten zweidimensionalen Detektor (6) abbildet, wobei die Lichtquelle (6) zwischen der dem Bildpunkt (8) zugewandten Oberfläche des Körpers (2) und dem Bildpunkt (8) angeordnet ist.8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the optical imaging device (2, 3,) is formed by a transparent cylindrical body (2) whose outer surface (3) is polished or mirrored, the axis of the cylindrical Body (2) forms the optical axis (OA) of the device (1), with a Fresnel mirror (4), on the surface of the body (2) facing away from the image point (8), which reflects the light originating from the image point (8) images the optical axis (OA) of the two-dimensional detector (6), the light source (6) being arranged between the surface of the body (2) facing the image point (8) and the image point (8). 9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Vorrichtungen (1) nebeneinander angeordnet sind.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that several devices (1) are arranged side by side. 10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, gekennzeichnet durch Verwendung der Vorrichtung (1) in einer Banknotenbearbeitungsmaschine. 10. The device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by using the device (1) in a banknote processing machine. 11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, gekennzeichnet durch Verwendung der Vorrichtung (1) in einem Handprüfgerät, insbesondere einem Prüfstift, zur manuellen Detektion von Merkmalen mit nicht axialsymmetrischer Abstrahlcharakteristik. 11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by using the device (1) in a hand-held test device, in particular a test pen, for the manual detection of features with non-axially symmetrical radiation characteristics.
PCT/EP2005/003898 2004-04-19 2005-04-13 Device for checking banknotes Ceased WO2005100926A1 (en)

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