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WO2005028967A1 - Thermal shield for the air-conditioning of buildings - Google Patents

Thermal shield for the air-conditioning of buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005028967A1
WO2005028967A1 PCT/ES2004/000408 ES2004000408W WO2005028967A1 WO 2005028967 A1 WO2005028967 A1 WO 2005028967A1 ES 2004000408 W ES2004000408 W ES 2004000408W WO 2005028967 A1 WO2005028967 A1 WO 2005028967A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
buildings
thermal shield
air conditioning
air
general
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2004/000408
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonino Adriano Trimboli Longuetto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2005028967A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005028967A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/0209—Ducting arrangements characterised by their connecting means, e.g. flanges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/0218—Flexible soft ducts, e.g. ducts made of permeable textiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0075—Systems using thermal walls, e.g. double window
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Definitions

  • the present descriptive memory refers to a request corresponding to a thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general, configuring a perimeter closing face that at the same time allows the air conditioning of new generation active buildings, which is composed of integrated polymers and semiconductors in the same constituent element of the module or part.
  • the invention is capable of ' inserting ornamental elements on its external face and it is fixed on the facade of the building by means of adhesives incorporated in one of its faces, the body of the flexible part being able to be distributed in coils or rigid longitudinal parts, which, later , will be cut according to the dimensions established in the area where they are to be integrated, by means of the pertinent coating of the external surface of the building.
  • each air conditioning group emits around 17 kilos of carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) per year and for each square meter of cooled surface.
  • a hot summer entails an average energy expenditure of 380 million euros, a figure that can be doubled in five years.
  • the European Union proposes the construction of buildings that include a high environmental performance at a balanced cost and achieve solutions for bioclimatic building, where exterior walls and roofs make the most of solar energy by applying new technologies on the materials that make up the structure of the building and, as integrated components of the building, transform the radiation received in electrical and / or thermal energy economically and within the cost of the construction itself.
  • bioclimatic buildings currently limit themselves to controlling climatic variations by increasing insulation and radiation control with canopies, trees and other solutions configured as ventilation circuits, which can be considered useful, but which do not solve overheating at all. summer and the thermal need of winter, nor is solar energy fully used, which is limited to the classic hot water panel and some photovoltaic panel and consequently are alternative solutions that do not serve to drastically solve the environmental safeguard or the invoice energy.
  • Peak electricity expenditure in summer is equivalent to the production of a plant with more than 55,000 megawatts of production and an increase of two degrees above the average temperature, causing an increase in the sale of conditioning devices by 15% and water consumption 25% more and, naturally, increases the annual emission of C0 2 causing serious problems of environmental contamination.
  • the thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general that the invention proposes is configured in itself as a solution of high scientific and technological value according to the material in which it is manufactured, being able to be manufactured in an industrial production cycle for It is carried out on large surfaces, producing components that generate heat and cold at a low industrial cost and at the same time conserve the environment, eliminating the use of freon gas and mechanical noise, using recyclable and non-polluting products as raw materials.
  • the thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general object of the invention is constituted from a body made of a polymer for applications in modular integrated circuits and as systems of thermo-photovoltaic devices powered by solar radiation and acting as bioclimatic regulators to condition buildings using solar radiation.
  • the invention is capable of reducing masonry, plumbing, conduits, pipes and electrical wiring works, reducing the atmospheric pollution and energy expenditure, due to the exploitation and use of solar energy.
  • the constituent elements of the heat shield are modular and can be configured in a flexible or rigid nature, and are made of highly resistant polymers and are presented with a structure that facilitates the mounting of the circuit on perimeter walls and roofs of any building and acts as a skin receiving solar radiation.
  • the invention integrates on polymers, materials with nanocrystalline physico-chemical and semiconductor structure composed of various elements in order to achieve components with the ideal physical characteristic to obtain a modular integrated system that operates in different temperature ranges with performance suitable and powered by direct current, it will generate heat or cold depending on the polarity that acts on the circuit based on the thermoelectric principle of the Peltier effect.
  • the integrated modular system used is ideal for any type of building and in all types of construction architecture and is of significant importance to facilitate the conditioning of buildings with maximum economy and energy efficiency through photovoltaic power.
  • thermoregulation with an efficient thermal exchange system obtained from the passage through its interior of a liquid or an air recycle, which records the different temperatures on the walls and roofs of the building, which uses sensors that are identified by the capillary circuit of the invention, where a selective diathermic liquid circulates when receiving information transmitted by a thermostat and accelerates the exchange between walls and roofs subtracting excess or compensating for lack of temperature to achieve a natural balance inside the building, acting as human skin, that is, by means of capillary sensors and small convector fans as thermoregulators.
  • Figure number 1 Represents a side elevation view of the object of the invention corresponding to a thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general.
  • Figure number 2. Reflects a perspective view of the object shown in figure number 1, as well as the joints with the semiconductors, the photovoltaic cells and the capillary circuits of the selective liquid.
  • Figure number 3. Corresponds, again, to a perspective view of the object reflected in the previous figures, implemented with a photovoltaic panel and / or an ornamental element on its surface, such as ceramic, plaster, metal, glass, etc.
  • Figure number 4. corresponds, finally, to a view of the invention obtained in a flexible material, wound for distribution and subsequent application directly or by making the relevant cross sections on the coil for implantation in areas where it is required, either outside or inside the building.
  • the thermal shield for the air conditioning (1) of buildings in general is configured from a capillary body made of polymers with a physical-chemical structure resistant to UV rays and all kinds of climatology, incorporating semiconductor elements of the NP and PN type with a nanocrystalline structure and overexposed in a structure with five pipes (2), (2 ') and (3) located in pairs, at the ends those referenced with (2) and (2') and in the central area a ductwork (3) for the passage of electrical cables and a face with a gravure surface of microgrooves with multiple functions and also intended for the passage of air cooling.
  • the lower surface of the body (1) is implemented with adhesive that facilitates bonding to the area where it is considered appropriate and on the face opposite the lower one provided with adhesive referenced with (5)
  • the existence of two angular projections (4) and (4 ') that facilitate the introduction of photovoltaic panels or the incorporation of ornamental elements has been foreseen in coincidence with its sides, having been referenced with (7) the photovoltaic panel in the figure number 3 and the ornamental element located at the top with (6), which can very well be incorporated in the area where the photovoltaic panel (7) is located with the collaboration of the fixing elements (4) and (4 ' ), cited above, which take the form of an inverted "L" whose internal area is facing each other.
  • a selective fluid circulates that allows regulating by means of exchange, the temperature differentiated according to the arrangement of the facade or roof of the building where it is fixed.
  • the pieces are joined together using fittings joined by hot welding or cold glue.
  • connection cables are introduced to the photovoltaic installation and also to direct power supply to the semiconductors.
  • the wound distributed part is represented and referenced with (10), configuring a coil, which can also be distributed in elongated bars of a flexible nature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal shield for the air-conditioning of buildings, comprising a body which is made from a flexible material. The structure of the aforementioned body contains two pairs of channels (2 and 2') at the ends thereof and one channel (3) at the centre of same. In addition, the sides of the upper face are equipped with flanges (4 and 4') and the opposite or lower face is provided with a series of multi-functional micro-etched fins which make use of air recycling and the recycling of selective liquids for thermoregulation of the semiconductors or for the application of adhesives, rough plastering work or other photovoltaic, ceramic or ornamental elements.

Description

ESCUDO TÉRMICO PARA LA CLIMATIZACIÓN DE EDIFICIOS EN GENERAL HEAT SHIELD FOR CLIMATE CONTROL OF BUILDINGS IN GENERAL

D E S C R I P C I ÓND E S C R I P C I ION

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓNOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La presente memoria descriptiva se refiere a una solicitud correspondiente a un escudo térmico para la climatización de edificios en general, configurando un paramento de cierre perimetral que al mismo tiempo permite la climatización de edificios activos de nueva generación, que está compuesta mediante polimeros y semiconductores integrados en el mismo elemento constitutivo del módulo o pieza.The present descriptive memory refers to a request corresponding to a thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general, configuring a perimeter closing face that at the same time allows the air conditioning of new generation active buildings, which is composed of integrated polymers and semiconductors in the same constituent element of the module or part.

La invención está capacitada para' insertar en su cara externa elementos ornamentales y se fija sobre la fachada del edificio mediante adhesivos incorporado en una de sus caras, pudiendo distribuirse el cuerpo de la pieza flexible en bobinas o en piezas longitudinales rígidas, las cuales, posteriormente, serán cortadas acorde con las dimensiones establecidas en la zona donde vayan a ser integradas, mediante el pertinente revestimiento de la superficie externa del edificio.The invention is capable of ' inserting ornamental elements on its external face and it is fixed on the facade of the building by means of adhesives incorporated in one of its faces, the body of the flexible part being able to be distributed in coils or rigid longitudinal parts, which, later , will be cut according to the dimensions established in the area where they are to be integrated, by means of the pertinent coating of the external surface of the building.

CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN Esta invención tiene su aplicación dentro de la industria dedicada a la construcción y climatización de edificios y en el campo del suministro de energía eléctrica y térmica.FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention has its application within the industry dedicated to the construction and air conditioning of buildings and in the field of the supply of electrical and thermal energy.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN El número de edificios con climatización artificial aumenta en un 18% cada año según se establece por las estadísticas conocidas.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The number of buildings with artificial air conditioning increases by 18% each year as established by known statistics.

De acuerdo con los cálculos facilitados por los centros de control del medio ambiente, cada grupo de aire acondicionado emite alrededor de 17 kilos de anhídrido carbónico (C02) por año y por cada metro cuadrado de superficie enfriada.According to the calculations provided by the environmental control centers, each air conditioning group emits around 17 kilos of carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) per year and for each square meter of cooled surface.

Todo esto supone un total de 3 millones de toneladas de gas emitidas a la atmósfera que contribuyen a aumentar el efecto invernadero y, por lo tanto, más calor, más aparatos y más gastos equivalentes a petróleo.All this supposes a total of 3 million tons of gas emitted to the atmosphere that contribute to increase the greenhouse effect and, therefore, more heat, more appliances and more expenses equivalent to oil.

Un verano caluroso conlleva un gasto eríergético medio de 380 millones de euros, cifra que puede ser doblada en cinco años .A hot summer entails an average energy expenditure of 380 million euros, a figure that can be doubled in five years.

Como consecuencia de lo anteriormente expuesto, es necesario encontrar una alternativa a los aparatos acondicionadores, que emiten frió en el interior y regalan al exterior una ración suplementaria de calor, sin infligir mayor daño al medio ambiente y alimentado por medio de las energías renovables.As a consequence of the aforementioned, it is necessary to find an alternative to the conditioning devices, which emit cold indoors and give the outside a supplementary ration of heat, without inflicting further damage to the environment and powered by renewable energies.

La Unión Europea propone la construcción de edificios que incluyan un alto rendimiento ambiental a un coste equilibrado y lograr soluciones para la edificación bioclimática, donde los muros exteriores y los tejados aprovechen al máximo la energía solar aplicando nuevas tecnologías sobre los materiales que componen la estructura del edificio y, como componentes integrados del mismo, transformen la radiación recibida en energía eléctrica y/o térmica de forma económica y dentro del coste de la propia construcción.The European Union proposes the construction of buildings that include a high environmental performance at a balanced cost and achieve solutions for bioclimatic building, where exterior walls and roofs make the most of solar energy by applying new technologies on the materials that make up the structure of the building and, as integrated components of the building, transform the radiation received in electrical and / or thermal energy economically and within the cost of the construction itself.

Sin embargo, los edificios bioclimáticos actualmente se limitan a controlar las variaciones climáticas aumentando el aislamiento y el control de la radiación con marquesinas, arbolado y otras soluciones configuradas como circuitos de ventilación, que pueden considerarse útiles, pero que no solucionan en absoluto el sobrecalentamiento de verano y la necesidad térmica del invierno, ni tampoco se utiliza al completo la energía solar, que se limita al panel clásico de agua caliente y algún panel fotovoltaico y consecuentemente son soluciones alternativas que no sirven para resolver de forma drástica la salvaguarda medioambiental ni la factura energética.However, bioclimatic buildings currently limit themselves to controlling climatic variations by increasing insulation and radiation control with canopies, trees and other solutions configured as ventilation circuits, which can be considered useful, but which do not solve overheating at all. summer and the thermal need of winter, nor is solar energy fully used, which is limited to the classic hot water panel and some photovoltaic panel and consequently are alternative solutions that do not serve to drastically solve the environmental safeguard or the invoice energy.

El gasto eléctrico punta en verano es equivalente a la producción de una central con más de 55.000 megavatios de producción y el aumento de dos grados sobre la temperatura media, provoca el incremento de la venta de aparatos acondicionadores en un 15% y el consumo de agua de un 25% más y, naturalmente, aumenta la emisión anual de C02 causando graves problemas de contaminación ambiental.Peak electricity expenditure in summer is equivalent to the production of a plant with more than 55,000 megawatts of production and an increase of two degrees above the average temperature, causing an increase in the sale of conditioning devices by 15% and water consumption 25% more and, naturally, increases the annual emission of C0 2 causing serious problems of environmental contamination.

La solución evidente a la problemática existente en la actualidad en esta materia seria la de poder contar con una nueva pieza u elemento que se integre en la construcción, principalmente en paredes y tejados, mediante el cual se pudiese obtener en el interior de cualquier edificio un bioclima y confort a temperatura ideal e independientemente de la climatología estacional, mediante el uso de componentes de vanguardia y utilizando la radiación solar como fuente primaria de energía transformada en electricidad y térmica.The obvious solution to the current problem in this area would be to be able to count on a new piece or element that is integrated into the construction, mainly in walls and roofs, by means of which a interior could be obtained in any building. bioclimate and comfort at ideal temperature and regardless of seasonal weather, using cutting-edge components and using solar radiation as primary source of energy transformed into electricity and heat.

Sin embargo, por parte del solicitante no se tiene conocimiento de la existencia en la actualidad de una invención que presente las características que se describen en esta memoria.However, the applicant is not aware of the current existence of an invention that has the characteristics described in this specification.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓNDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

El escudo térmico para la climatización de edificios en general que la invención propone, se configura en si misma como una solución de alto valor científico y tecnológico a tenor del material en el cual se fabrica, estando capacitada para ser fabricada en un ciclo productivo industrial para su realización sobre grandes superficies, produciéndose en serie componentes que generen calor y frió con bajo coste industrial y al mismo tiempo conservar el ambiente, eliminando el uso del gas freón y ruidos de tipo mecánico empleando como materia prima productos reciclables y no contaminantes .The thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general that the invention proposes, is configured in itself as a solution of high scientific and technological value according to the material in which it is manufactured, being able to be manufactured in an industrial production cycle for It is carried out on large surfaces, producing components that generate heat and cold at a low industrial cost and at the same time conserve the environment, eliminating the use of freon gas and mechanical noise, using recyclable and non-polluting products as raw materials.

De forma más concreta, el escudo térmico para la climatización de edificios en general objeto de la invención, está constituida a partir de un cuerpo fabricado en un polímero para aplicaciones en circuitos integrados modulares y como sistemas de dispositivos termo-fotovoltaicos alimentados por la radiación solar y actuando como reguladores bioclimáticos para acondicionar edificios aprovechando la radiación solar.More specifically, the thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general object of the invention, is constituted from a body made of a polymer for applications in modular integrated circuits and as systems of thermo-photovoltaic devices powered by solar radiation and acting as bioclimatic regulators to condition buildings using solar radiation.

La invención está capacitada para reducir obras de albañileria, fontanería, conducciones, tuberías y cableados eléctricos, reduciendo la contaminación atmosférica y gasto energético, debido al aprovechamiento y uso de la energía solar.The invention is capable of reducing masonry, plumbing, conduits, pipes and electrical wiring works, reducing the atmospheric pollution and energy expenditure, due to the exploitation and use of solar energy.

Los elementos constitutivos del escudo térmico son modulares y pueden estar configurados en una naturaleza flexible o rígida, y están fabricados con polímeros altamente resistentes y se presenta con una estructura que facilita los montajes del circuito sobre paredes perimetrales y tejados de cualquier edificio y actúa como una piel receptora de la radiación solar.The constituent elements of the heat shield are modular and can be configured in a flexible or rigid nature, and are made of highly resistant polymers and are presented with a structure that facilitates the mounting of the circuit on perimeter walls and roofs of any building and acts as a skin receiving solar radiation.

Concretamente, la invención integra sobre polímeros, materiales con estructura fisico-quimica nanocristalina y de semiconductores compuesto de diversos elementos con el fin de conseguir los componentes con la característica física idónea para obtener un sistema integrado modular que opere en diferentes rangos de temperaturas con un rendimiento idóneo y alimentado por corriente continua, generará calor o frió según la polaridad que actúe sobre el circuito basándose en el principio termoeléctrico del efecto Peltier. El sistema integrado modular empleado es idóneo para cualquier tipo de edificio y en todo tipo de arquitectura de construcción y presenta una importancia relevante para facilitar el acondicionamiento de los edificios con la máxima economía y eficiencia energética mediante la alimentación fotovoltaica.Specifically, the invention integrates on polymers, materials with nanocrystalline physico-chemical and semiconductor structure composed of various elements in order to achieve components with the ideal physical characteristic to obtain a modular integrated system that operates in different temperature ranges with performance suitable and powered by direct current, it will generate heat or cold depending on the polarity that acts on the circuit based on the thermoelectric principle of the Peltier effect. The integrated modular system used is ideal for any type of building and in all types of construction architecture and is of significant importance to facilitate the conditioning of buildings with maximum economy and energy efficiency through photovoltaic power.

Una función primaria es la termoregulación con un eficiente sistema de intercambio térmico obtenido a partir del paso por su interior de un liquido o un reciclado de aire, que registra las diferentes temperaturas sobre las paredes y tejados del edificio, que utiliza sensores que se identifican por el circuito capilar de la invención, donde un liquido selectivo diatérmico circula al recibir informaciones que transmite un termostato y acelera el intercambio entre paredes y tejados sustrayendo el exceso o compensando la falta de temperatura para conseguir un equilibrio natural en el interior del edificio, actuando a manera de la piel humana, es decir, mediante sensores capilares y pequeños ventiladores convectores como termorreguladores .A primary function is thermoregulation with an efficient thermal exchange system obtained from the passage through its interior of a liquid or an air recycle, which records the different temperatures on the walls and roofs of the building, which uses sensors that are identified by the capillary circuit of the invention, where a selective diathermic liquid circulates when receiving information transmitted by a thermostat and accelerates the exchange between walls and roofs subtracting excess or compensating for lack of temperature to achieve a natural balance inside the building, acting as human skin, that is, by means of capillary sensors and small convector fans as thermoregulators.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOSDESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, un juego de planos en la cual con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present descriptive memory is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, a set of plans in which, by way of illustration and not limiting, the following has been represented:

La figura número 1.- Representa una vista en alzado lateral del objeto de la invención correspondiente a un escudo térmico para la climatización de edificios en general.Figure number 1.- Represents a side elevation view of the object of the invention corresponding to a thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general.

La figura número 2.- Refleja una vista en perspectiva del objeto mostrado en la figura número 1, asi como las juntas con los semiconductores, las células fotovoltaicas y los circuitos capilares del liquido selectivo. La figura número 3.- Corresponde, nuevamente, a una vista en perspectiva del objeto reflejado en las figuras anteriores, implementado con un panel fotovoltaico y/o un elemento ornamental sobre su superficie, tal y como puede ser cerámica, enfoscado, metal, vidrio, etc.Figure number 2.- Reflects a perspective view of the object shown in figure number 1, as well as the joints with the semiconductors, the photovoltaic cells and the capillary circuits of the selective liquid. Figure number 3.- Corresponds, again, to a perspective view of the object reflected in the previous figures, implemented with a photovoltaic panel and / or an ornamental element on its surface, such as ceramic, plaster, metal, glass, etc.

La figura número 4.- Corresponde, por último, a una vista de la invención obtenida en un material flexible, arrollada para su distribución y posterior aplicación de forma directa o mediante la realización de los pertinentes cortes transversales sobre la bobina para su implantación en zonas donde se requiera, ya sea en el exterior, como en el interior del edificio.Figure number 4.- Corresponds, finally, to a view of the invention obtained in a flexible material, wound for distribution and subsequent application directly or by making the relevant cross sections on the coil for implantation in areas where it is required, either outside or inside the building.

REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓNPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

A la vista de estas figuras puede observarse como el escudo térmico para la climatización (1) de edificios en general, está configurada a partir de un cuerpo capilar fabricado en polímeros con estructura fisico-quimica resistente a los rayos UV y todo tipo de climatología, incorporando elementos semiconductores del tipo NP y PN con estructura nanocristalina y sobre expuesto en una estructura con cinco canalizaciones (2), (2') y (3) situadas en parejas, en los extremos las referenciadas con (2) y (2' ) y en la zona central una canalización (3) para el paso de los cables eléctricos y una cara con una superficie gravada de microsurcos con funciones múltiples y también destinadas al paso de la refrigeración del aire.In view of these figures, it can be seen how the thermal shield for the air conditioning (1) of buildings in general, is configured from a capillary body made of polymers with a physical-chemical structure resistant to UV rays and all kinds of climatology, incorporating semiconductor elements of the NP and PN type with a nanocrystalline structure and overexposed in a structure with five pipes (2), (2 ') and (3) located in pairs, at the ends those referenced with (2) and (2') and in the central area a ductwork (3) for the passage of electrical cables and a face with a gravure surface of microgrooves with multiple functions and also intended for the passage of air cooling.

La superficie inferior del cuerpo (1) está implementada con adhesivo que facilita la unión a la zona donde se considere oportuna y en la cara opuesta a la inferior provista de adhesivo referenciada con (5) se ha previsto en coincidencia con sus laterales, la existencia de dos resaltes angulares (4) y (4') que facilitan la introducción de paneles fotovoltaicos o bien la incorporación de elementos ornamentales, habiéndose referenciado con (7) el panel fotovoltaico en la figura número 3 y el elemento ornamental situado en la parte superior con (6), el cual muy bien puede ser incorporado en la zona donde se encuentra el panel fotovoltaico (7) con la colaboración de los elementos de fijación (4) y (4'), citados anteriormente, que adoptan la forma de una "L" invertida cuya zona interna se encuentra enfrentada.The lower surface of the body (1) is implemented with adhesive that facilitates bonding to the area where it is considered appropriate and on the face opposite the lower one provided with adhesive referenced with (5) The existence of two angular projections (4) and (4 ') that facilitate the introduction of photovoltaic panels or the incorporation of ornamental elements has been foreseen in coincidence with its sides, having been referenced with (7) the photovoltaic panel in the figure number 3 and the ornamental element located at the top with (6), which can very well be incorporated in the area where the photovoltaic panel (7) is located with the collaboration of the fixing elements (4) and (4 ' ), cited above, which take the form of an inverted "L" whose internal area is facing each other.

Por las canalizaciones (2) y (2') circula un fluido selectivo que permite regular por medio de intercambio, la temperatura diferenciada según la disposición de la fachada o techo del edificio donde se fija. Las piezas se unen entre si mediante el empleo de racores unidos por medio de soldadura caliente o por pegamento en frió.Through the pipes (2) and (2 ') a selective fluid circulates that allows regulating by means of exchange, the temperature differentiated according to the arrangement of the facade or roof of the building where it is fixed. The pieces are joined together using fittings joined by hot welding or cold glue.

A través de la canalización (3), se introducen los cables de conexión a la instalación fotovoltaica y también de alimentación en continua a los semiconductores.Through the ductwork (3), the connection cables are introduced to the photovoltaic installation and also to direct power supply to the semiconductors.

En la figura número 4 se representa y referencia con (10) la pieza distribuida arrollada, configurando una bobina, la cual igualmente puede ser distribuida en barras alargadas de naturaleza flexible. In figure 4, the wound distributed part is represented and referenced with (10), configuring a coil, which can also be distributed in elongated bars of a flexible nature.

Claims

RE I V I N D I C A C I O N E S RE IVINDICATIONS 1.- Escudo térmico para la climatización de edificios en general, caracterizado por estar constituido a partir de un cuerpo de longitud variable, configurado por un material flexible en bobinas o en barras, permitiendo su corte en porciones de anchura similar y longitud diferenciada, presentando la pieza (1) una cara inferior dotada de micrograbados con funciones múltiples para facilitar el reciclado del aire y otras funciones para aplicar adhesivo u otro elemento también en la cara superior (5) , que dispone en sus laterales de pronunciaciones (4) y (4') sobre las que se fijan células fotovoltaicas (7), y por la parte interna se configura como un elemento formado por semiconductores NP y PN depositados sobre una superficie cerámica-vidrio con características nanocristalinas y fisica eléctricamente en serie y térmicamente en paralelo, estando capacitado para intercambiar la polaridad, pudiendo incorporarse entre las pronunciaciones (4) y (4') elementos ornamentales (6) y disponiendo en la zona interna y en coincidencia con sus laterales, dos parejas de canalizaciones (2) y (2') y en la zona central una canalización circular (3), estando destinadas las canalizaciones (2) y (2') para la circulación de un fluido selectivo de regulación por medio de intercambio de la temperatura diferenciada, mientras que la canalización central (3) permite el paso de cableado, estando fabricada la pieza (1) con una estructura fisico-quimica nanocristalina sobre una base de polímeros.1.- Thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general, characterized by being constituted from a body of variable length, configured by a flexible material in coils or bars, allowing its cut into portions of similar width and differentiated length, presenting the piece (1) a lower face equipped with microgravure with multiple functions to facilitate the recycling of the air and other functions to apply adhesive or other element also on the upper face (5), which has on its sides pronunciations (4) and ( 4 ') on which photovoltaic cells are fixed (7), and on the inside it is configured as an element formed by NP and PN semiconductors deposited on a ceramic-glass surface with nanocrystalline and physical characteristics electrically in series and thermally in parallel, being able to exchange the polarity, being able to incorporate between the pronunciations (4) and (4 ') ornamental elements (6) and dispo being in the internal zone and in coincidence with its lateral ones, two pairs of pipes (2) and (2 ') and in the central zone a circular pipe (3), the pipes (2) and (2') being destined for the circulation of a selective regulation fluid by means of exchanging the differentiated temperature, while the central pipe (3) allows the passage of wiring, the part (1) being manufactured with a nano-crystalline physico-chemical structure on a polymer base. 2.- Escudo térmico para la climatización de edificios en general, según la primera reivindicación, caracterizado por permitir la incorporación de uniones o juntas configuradas como racores por medio de soldadura en caliente o en frió, de unión a los circuitos de intercambio. 2.- Thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general, according to the first claim, characterized by allowing the incorporation of joints or joints configured as fittings by means of hot or cold welding, joining the exchange circuits. 3.- Escudo térmico para la climatización de edificios en general, según la primera reivindicación, caracterizado porque el intercambio de la polaridad genera calor o frió previa determinación de la misma. 3.- Thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general, according to the first claim, characterized in that the exchange of polarity generates heat or cold after determining it. 4.- Escudo térmico para la climatización de edificios en general, según la primera reivindicación, caracterizado por disponer de un intercambiador de calor-frio formado por los semiconductores NP y PN situados sobre la superficie cerámico-vidrio de cualidad nanocristalina y físicamente eléctrica en serie y térmicamente en paralelo, generando el aumento de la temperatura del liquido que circula por el interior de las piezas (1) constitutivas del escudo térmico, o bien su enfriamiento, cuando el reciclado de aire se efectúa por termoventiladores como parte integrante reguladora. 4.- Thermal shield for the air conditioning of buildings in general, according to the first claim, characterized by having a heat-cold exchanger formed by the NP and PN semiconductors located on the ceramic-glass surface of nanocrystalline quality and physically electric in series and thermally in parallel, generating the increase in the temperature of the liquid that circulates inside the parts (1) constituting the thermal shield, or its cooling, when the recycling of air is carried out by heat fans as an integral regulatory part.
PCT/ES2004/000408 2003-09-19 2004-09-17 Thermal shield for the air-conditioning of buildings Ceased WO2005028967A1 (en)

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ES200302186A ES2242508B1 (en) 2003-09-19 2003-09-19 THERMAL SHIELD FOR THE CLIMATIZATION OF BUILDINGS IN GENERAL.
ESP200302186 2003-09-19

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WO2016156764A1 (en) * 2015-04-03 2016-10-06 Solaire 2G Photovoltaic and thermal solar panel

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FR2978815A1 (en) * 2011-08-04 2013-02-08 Noel Nicaise PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE WITH THERMAL EXCHANGER
WO2013017677A3 (en) * 2011-08-04 2013-09-26 Nicaise Noel Photovoltaic module with heat exchanger
WO2016156764A1 (en) * 2015-04-03 2016-10-06 Solaire 2G Photovoltaic and thermal solar panel
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US11545932B2 (en) 2015-04-03 2023-01-03 Dualsun Photovoltaic and thermal solar panel

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