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WO2005022071A1 - Vetement pare-balles - Google Patents

Vetement pare-balles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005022071A1
WO2005022071A1 PCT/GB2004/003627 GB2004003627W WO2005022071A1 WO 2005022071 A1 WO2005022071 A1 WO 2005022071A1 GB 2004003627 W GB2004003627 W GB 2004003627W WO 2005022071 A1 WO2005022071 A1 WO 2005022071A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
armour
metallic glass
body armour
layers
fibres
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2004/003627
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ki Buem Kim
Sung Joon Pak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oxford University Innovation Ltd
Original Assignee
Oxford University Innovation Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0320243A external-priority patent/GB0320243D0/en
Application filed by Oxford University Innovation Ltd filed Critical Oxford University Innovation Ltd
Publication of WO2005022071A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005022071A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to so-called body armour, both hard and soft body armour.
  • Body armour mainly used to protect a wearer from serious injury caused by knife blades or projectiles such as bullets, for example, may be divided into categories of hard body armour and soft body armour.
  • the present invention is concerned with improving the efficiency of both types of body armour.
  • Soft body armour is generally intended to be worn below normal clothes such as shirts and/or coats such as a jacket, for example.
  • the actual armour part is frequently in the form of protective panels which conform to the front and back of a person's torso, for example, and are held in place by seams, straps, belts and/or webbing and the like, for example, which link the panels together. Normal clothes are then worn over the top of the armour so constructed.
  • the protective panels may be incorporated into a carrier garment constructed of conventional garment fabrics such as cotton or Nylon (trade name), for example.
  • the protective panels are designed to resist specific threats such as puncture with a blade or spike or penetration by a bullet for example.
  • the design is intended to encompass the principal threats which the wearer is likely to encounter whilst carrying out their work.
  • a police officer may wear a protective vest having protective panels to resist stabbing with a knife blade and also to protect against small calibre bullets from hand guns; soldiers, on the other hand, may wear a protective vest designed to resist penetration by larger calibre, higher velocity bullets.
  • the construction of the protective panels is usually of a laminar nature and comprises a plurality of layers of webs of a strong fibre such as an aramid material, e.g. Kevlar or Twaron (trade names) interspersed with a plurality of layers of synthetic plastics resin film such as a polyethylene material.
  • a strong fibre such as an aramid material, e.g. Kevlar or Twaron (trade names) interspersed with a plurality of layers of synthetic plastics resin film such as a polyethylene material.
  • aramid material e.g. Kevlar or Twaron (trade names)
  • synthetic plastics resin film such as a polyethylene material.
  • the interleaving layers of plastics film may be impregnated into the weave of the strong fibres.
  • the mechanism of operation of all panels is substantially the same.
  • the objective of all soft body armour is to prevent or minimise the effects of so-called "blunt trauma" on the wearer on being struck by a bullet, for example.
  • the mechanism of operation of the protective panel is to spread the impact forces of the bullet over as large an area as possible and so prevent those forces from becoming too localised at or near the point of impact. If the impact forces are absorbed in too localised an area severe internal injuries may be caused to the wearer.
  • the strong fibres form a relatively tight weave and are twisted together, for example, at the points of intersection of warp and weft of the weave so that forces applied to a small localised area are transmitted over a much larger area.
  • the strong fibres in one small area it is not possible for the strong fibres in one small area to move without affecting the fibres in a larger surrounding area.
  • conventional soft body armour functions by bringing the projectile to rest.
  • Hard body armour is generally concerned with helmets and the like although items such as shields, for example, whilst not generally worn on the body are considered to come within the scope of hard body armour for this specification.
  • Hard body armour generally has the reinforcing fibres embedded in a hard, relatively inflexible shell or panel created by injection moulding, for example, of a liquid resin such as a polycarbonate, for example.
  • body armour comprising a structure including a plurality of layers of strong fibres and a plurality of layers of plastics materials, the body armour being characterised by further including in the structure elements comprising metallic glass.
  • the basic structure of the body armour may comprise virtually any known structure but which further includes elements of metallic glass.
  • the layers of plastics materials may comprise flexible plastics material films.
  • the layers of plastics materials may comprise relatively hard and inflexible plastics materials such as polycarbonate resins within which the metallic glass elements may be embedded.
  • Metallic glasses were first synthesized in about 1960 and were based on Au-Si alloys being produced by solidification of molten material at very high rates of cooling in the region of 10 5 -10 ⁇ K/sec.
  • Metallic glasses are essentially amorphous materials which do not possess the long-range translational order characteristic of a crystalline structure. Thus, metallic glasses may be defined as having an amorphous structure having random atomic arrangements with metallic bonding. Since the first metallic glasses were produced a great many more metallic glasses have been produced from a wide range of complex alloy systems and at cooling rates much less than were first required.
  • Earlier metallic glasses were based on Pd-based and La-based alloys and the material cost of these alloys deterred investigation into the wider applications of metallic glasses.
  • Ti-based, Fe-based, Zr-based, Ni-based and Cu- based metallic glasses have been produced thus reducing the material costs significantly.
  • Metallic glasses can have very good material properties which cannot be achieved with conventional crystalline metallic alloys . Such improved properties include high elastic stored energy; high tensile fracture strength (1700-2200 Mpa) ; and, high flexural bending strength (3000-3900 MPa) . Moreover, metallic glasses may have good corrosion resistance.
  • metallic glasses have a very high level of elastic stored energy without plastic deformation due to its amorphous atomic structure. Thus, metallic glasses do not absorb so much energy by deformation as do other materials on impact from a projectile, for example.
  • a recent example of an application of metallic glass is the production of golf club heads from an alloy comprising Zr-Be-Cu-Ti-Ni. More of the kinetic energy from the golf club may be imparted to the struck ball due to the high elastic stored energy of the head material, i.e. less energy is lost in the head on impact due to elastic and plastic deformation.
  • metallic glass reinforcing elements may be incorporated into the body armour structure in the form of fibres and/or ribbons in the case of soft body armour where flexibility of a garment is required.
  • the metallic glass elements may be in the form of sheet-like elements. Furthermore, such sheet-like elements may be pre-formed in their manufacturing process to adopt the required shape of the hard body armour in question, e.g. an element or plurality of elements having curvature in three dimensions for a helmet, for example.
  • the metallic glass fibres and/or ribbons are incorporated into the body armour in a woven form.
  • the points or areas of intersection of the elements may be bonded together.
  • metallic glass elements may be incorporated into the armour in a plurality of discrete layers which have the longitudinal direction of the elements displaced angularly to each other.
  • the metallic glass elements may be held together as a panel by bonding them by impregnation with a plastics material. Several such layers may then be brought together with the longitudinal directions of the metallic glass elements at desired relative angles to each other and the whole bonded together to form a unified panel for incorporation into body armour. Additional layers of other strong organic fibres may be interspersed therein.
  • the impregnating plastics material may be any that is used in conventional soft body armour or any that is suitable for the purpose. In the case of hard body armour as noted hereinabove, the impregnating plastics material may be a liquid resin such as a polycarbonate, for example, which is subsequently cured to provide a hard layer.
  • the metallic glass fibres or ribbons may themselves be woven with other strong fibres such as aramid fibres, for example, so as to form composite mesh layers comprising two or more materials including metallic glass.
  • the at least one layer of metallic glass elements may be situated at or near the surface of the body armour.
  • the surface may be the outer surface on which a projectile may impact in order to have the maximum initial effect on the energy of the projectile.
  • this layer may be placed near to or at the outer surface where a projectile may impact.
  • the effect of the at least one metallic glass layer is, put in the simplest of terms, to cause the projectile to tend to bounce off or be deflected by the body armour.
  • the remaining basic body armour structure provides all of the benefits of energy absorbtion and energy dissipation of conventional armour should a projectile not be caused to be deflected.
  • the at least one layer of metallic glass elements may be impregnated with one or more of layers of plastics film materials interspersed with layers of strong organic fibre materials. Such impregnation will serve to hold the metallic glass elements in their intended positions and prevent them being moved aside by an impacting projectile or weapon.
  • the cross sectional shape of the metallic glass elements may be varied and may, for example, possess a curved shape which affords greater strength to the metallic glass ribbon or fibre.
  • the curved surface has a higher surface tension than a flat surface thus, a projectile will lose more energy in penetrating a curved metallic glass surface.
  • armour resistant to a given threat category may be able to be produced with a thinner, more flexible structure in the case of soft body armour which would have the concomitant benefits of lower weight and greater comfort for the wearer making it more likely that people will use the armour regularly.
  • Hard body armour may be provided with lower weight or improved levels of protection for the same weight.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the manufacture of metallic glass elements suitable for use in body armour according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view indicating how metallic glass elements may be incorporated into body armour according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a cross section through a first embodiment of body armour according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a bullet impacting body armour on a front portion of body armour according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a cross section through body armour according to a second embodiment of body armour according to the present invention
  • Figure 6 shows a similar schematic representation to that of Fig.4 of a bullet impacting armour according to the second embodiment of Fig.5;
  • Figure 7 which shows a schematic cross section through a portion of a combat helmet according to the present invention.
  • FIG 1 shows a schematic representation of a method of manufacturing metallic glass elements suitable for use in body armour according to the present invention.
  • a quartz crucible 10 contains a molten metal alloy 12 of a desired composition.
  • the metal alloy may be heated by induction coils (not shown) , for example, and held within the crucible 10 by a plug of the solid alloy which is melted by a second induction coil (not shown) at an appropriate time to permit a stream 14 of the alloy to fall and impinge on a water cooled 16 copper mould 18 whilst protected by an atmosphere of inert gas 20 such as He/Ar for example.
  • the falling stream of metal is rapidly solidified on contact with the mould 18 to form a ribbon or fibre (depending upon the surface geometry of the mould) 22 of metallic glass.
  • the mould is traversed or oscillated 24 by known means (not shown) at a desired speed so as to form the ribbon or fibre of required dimensions.
  • the ribbons or fibres 22 so formed may then be used for incorporation into body arm
  • Figure 2 shows a panel 30 of conventional soft body armour comprising organic polymer fibres and plastics film and panel 32 of metallic glass mesh being overlaid thereon.
  • the metallic glass mesh panel 32 comprises ribbons 22 of metallic glass. Further layers of conventional materials and/or metallic glass mesh may be laminated therewith.
  • a bullet 46 meets a first layer 44 of polymer material, the bullet having an impact energy of 100 a.u. (arbitrary unit).
  • the first layer of polymer material will reduce the energy of the bullet to 90 a.u. as with the conventional energy absorbing mechanism of body armour.
  • the bullet with 90 a.u. energy will then meet the first layer 42 of metallic glass mesh which, due to its high elastic stored energy will cause the bullet 46 to be deflected or bounce off.
  • a crack may be caused in the metallic glass layer which also absorbs some of the energy of the bullet thus reducing the energy to say, 75 a.u. In this manner, as the bullet meets subsequent layers, the energy will become dissipated more quickly than with conventional soft body armour.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show a schematic representation of body armour having layers 42 of metallic glass elements 50 wherein the metallic glass elements have a curved surface 52.
  • the curved surface has a higher surface tension than a flat surface and thus requires more energy to be penetrated consequently more energy is absorbed from the bullet.
  • Figure 7 shows a cross section through a portion of a combat helmet 50.
  • the structure in Figure 7 shows four layers comprising: an outer layer 52 of polycarbonate resin; a first inner layer 54 of woven amorphous metallic glass fibres; a second inner layer 56 of Kevlar (trade name) fibres; and, an inner layer 58 of polycarbonate resin.
  • the layers 54 and 56 may be moulded to the required shape and positioned in an injection moulding die (not shown) in known manner and a liquid polycarbonate resin injected into the die to form the two layers external layers 52 and 58 and also to impregnate the interstices of the layers 54 and 56.
  • the layers of metallic glass elements 54 and polymer fibres 56 may be laminated with an alternative plastics material such as a polyethylene, for example, and the resulting laminated sheet material moulded under heat and pressure to adopt the required helmet shape thus forming the inner and outer layers 52, 58.
  • an alternative plastics material such as a polyethylene, for example

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un vêtement pare-balle, qui comprend une structure présentant au moins une couche de fibres solides et plusieurs couches d'un matériau plastique. Le vêtement pare-balle se caractérise en ce que sa structure comprend en outre des éléments (22) contenant du verre métallique.
PCT/GB2004/003627 2003-08-29 2004-08-25 Vetement pare-balles Ceased WO2005022071A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0320243.9 2003-08-29
GB0320243A GB0320243D0 (en) 2003-08-29 2003-08-29 Body armour
GB0409528.7 2004-04-29
GB0409528A GB0409528D0 (en) 2003-08-29 2004-04-29 Body armour

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005022071A1 true WO2005022071A1 (fr) 2005-03-10

Family

ID=34276812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2004/003627 Ceased WO2005022071A1 (fr) 2003-08-29 2004-08-25 Vetement pare-balles

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2005022071A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007042877A2 (fr) 2005-10-07 2007-04-19 Cosimo Cioffi Structure a l'epreuve des balles
EP2072944A1 (fr) 2007-12-17 2009-06-24 NV Bekaert SA Armure rigide dotée d'une feuille métallique amorphe
US8151686B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2012-04-10 Plasan Sasa Ltd. Armor module
RU2652416C1 (ru) * 2017-08-03 2018-04-26 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") Бронезащитная преграда

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2927653A1 (de) * 1979-07-09 1981-01-29 Hopp Ing Buero Verfahren zur herstellung von geformten, schussicheren einlagen oder schutzelementen fuer schutzwesten, schutzschilde, helme, kraftfahrzeuge usw.
FR2625766A1 (fr) * 1988-01-07 1989-07-13 Sogea Element de construction, notamment panneau de porte pour hangar ou analogue, dalle de protection, paroi, aptes a resister a une deflagration
DE3643774C1 (de) * 1986-12-20 1996-01-18 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Panzerungselement
WO2000068469A2 (fr) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-16 California Institute Of Technology Composites de metal ductile in situ/ matrice en verre metallique en masse formes par partage chimique

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2927653A1 (de) * 1979-07-09 1981-01-29 Hopp Ing Buero Verfahren zur herstellung von geformten, schussicheren einlagen oder schutzelementen fuer schutzwesten, schutzschilde, helme, kraftfahrzeuge usw.
DE3643774C1 (de) * 1986-12-20 1996-01-18 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Panzerungselement
FR2625766A1 (fr) * 1988-01-07 1989-07-13 Sogea Element de construction, notamment panneau de porte pour hangar ou analogue, dalle de protection, paroi, aptes a resister a une deflagration
WO2000068469A2 (fr) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-16 California Institute Of Technology Composites de metal ductile in situ/ matrice en verre metallique en masse formes par partage chimique

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007042877A2 (fr) 2005-10-07 2007-04-19 Cosimo Cioffi Structure a l'epreuve des balles
WO2007042877A3 (fr) * 2005-10-07 2007-07-12 Cosimo Cioffi Structure a l'epreuve des balles
US7954416B2 (en) 2005-10-07 2011-06-07 Cosimo Cioffi Bullet-proof structure
RU2420705C2 (ru) * 2005-10-07 2011-06-10 Козимо Кьоффи Пуленепробиваемая структура
CN104748625A (zh) * 2005-10-07 2015-07-01 科西莫·乔菲 防弹结构
EP2072944A1 (fr) 2007-12-17 2009-06-24 NV Bekaert SA Armure rigide dotée d'une feuille métallique amorphe
US8151686B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2012-04-10 Plasan Sasa Ltd. Armor module
RU2652416C1 (ru) * 2017-08-03 2018-04-26 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") Бронезащитная преграда

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