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WO2005018793A1 - Systeme de reformage a la vapeur - Google Patents

Systeme de reformage a la vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005018793A1
WO2005018793A1 PCT/EP2004/007370 EP2004007370W WO2005018793A1 WO 2005018793 A1 WO2005018793 A1 WO 2005018793A1 EP 2004007370 W EP2004007370 W EP 2004007370W WO 2005018793 A1 WO2005018793 A1 WO 2005018793A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tunnels
cracking furnace
tunnel
devices
furnace according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2004/007370
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Severin
Evgeni Gorval
Josef Kurt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Uhde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uhde GmbH filed Critical Uhde GmbH
Publication of WO2005018793A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005018793A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/062—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes being installed in a furnace
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00477—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
    • B01J2208/00495—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00504—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
    • C01B2203/0816—Heating by flames
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0866—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combination of different heating methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tube cracking furnace for the catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons with steam under increased pressure, with which the synthesis gas is produced.
  • synthesis gas is used, for example, for the synthesis of ammonia, hydrogen and methanol.
  • Tube cracking furnace for the catalytic reforming of hydrocarbons with steam have been known for a long time and in a variety of embodiments.
  • a design has prevailed in which a ceiling-fired box furnace with vertical reaction tubes or canned tubes is used.
  • the canned tubes are arranged in rows.
  • the gas outlet temperatures are usually 900 ° C and above.
  • the process gas is collected in the lower area - inside or outside the furnace - in so-called outlet collectors. Burners firing vertically downwards are arranged in the "alleys" between the rows of pipes. This area is called the oven box.
  • the flue gas generated flows through the furnace from top to bottom and is extracted through so-called flue gas tunnels on the floor.
  • the flue gas temperatures in the furnace box are on average 950 to 1250 ° C.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve the construction of the reactor in such a way that an equalization of the flue gas flow and a more uniform temperature distribution can be achieved.
  • the invention solves the problem by a tube cracking furnace
  • the canned tube system as a reaction space comprising a plurality of vertical tubes which are arranged in rows and are suitable for filling with catalyst and have means for supplying hydrocarbons and steam to be reformed to the reaction space and means for removing reformed synthesis gas from the reaction space, Furthermore in the upper area of the firing chamber having a large number of firing devices which can produce downward flames which are suitable for heating the above-mentioned pipes,
  • the outer walls of the tunnels are essentially wedge-shaped and converge in the upward direction.
  • the outer walls of the tunnels are designed in a step-like manner, the wedge shape being retained.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the axes of the openings in the side walls of the tunnels do not run horizontally and the inlet openings on the side of the firing chamber point in the direction of the ceiling.
  • the outer walls of the tunnels are increased either by making the tunnel more pointed or by placing a wall or a wedge made of ceramic or heat-resistant metallic materials on a tunnel.
  • the weight of the attached wall can be absorbed by supporting pillars arranged within the tunnels.
  • the elevation of the tunnels can be different for different tunnels. It is also possible to place a wall that is inclined in relation to the vertical tunnels on the outside tunnels and that leans against the wall of the furnace box.
  • the flue gas tunnels in the outer “alleys” are separated by a further height than the other tunnels. Height enlargement designed so that a more even outflow of flue gases is achieved.
  • the tunnel walls can run both mirror-symmetrically and asymmetrically to one another.
  • the tunnel wall facing the outer wall of the furnace box can also be connected to the outer wall of the furnace box.
  • the residence time of the gases can be reduced by up to 50%, which is an advantage of the invention.
  • By increasing the extraction tunnels there is an improved radiant heat transfer in the lower area of the firing chamber, which reduces the size of the tubular cracking furnace, which is a further advantage of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a further embodiment
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of the embodiment which is rotated by 90 degrees with respect to FIG. 2 about the vertical axis, which is shown in FIG. 2 4 shows a conventional type of construction
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a tunnel wall as a further preferred embodiment.
  • Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show a furnace box 1 of a primary reformer, in which a plurality of canned tubes 2 are arranged in 6 rows. During the intended operation, these canned tubes are filled with catalyst are flowed through by the feed gas or synthesis gas, which are derived from the synthesis gas collectors 3 from the primary reformer. In the ceiling area of the open box 1, a plurality of burners 4 are also arranged in 7 rows, which fire the canned tubes during normal operation.
  • Fig. 1 shows in the lower area the tunnels 5 and 6 according to the invention for the flue gas extraction, with each burner row is assigned a tunnel. All tunnels have extraction devices in the side walls, perpendicular to the drawing plane and therefore not visible on average, for the discharge of the smoke gases generated by the burners from the primary reformer.
  • the tunnels 5 and 6 are made of ceramic materials, which are broken through at a large number of points, so that the flue gas from the exhaust chamber 7, which is formed by the space surrounding the tunnels, can enter the tunnels.
  • the two outermost tunnels 5 are connected to the wall of the furnace box and the wall of which is broken only on the side facing the can.
  • the walls of the remaining tunnels 6 are broken through on both sides. All tunnels are tapered to the top and significantly higher than the tunnels 8 shown in FIG. 4 according to the conventional state of the art. It is hereby achieved that the heat radiation of the tunnel outer walls to a considerable extent for uniform and better heating of the can, in which the endothermic reforming reaction takes place, which leads to a reduction in size, which is an advantage of the invention.
  • the tunnels Due to the increased height, the tunnels also act as guiding surfaces for the flue gas flow and reduce their swirling. In this way, more uniform flames are also achieved in the burners 4, which are further advantages of the invention. Due to the more uniform and better heating of the can, the reaction taking place there is also more favorable and less heating surface is required for the same turnover compared to the prior art shown in FIG. 4, which leads to considerable savings in investment costs and a further advantage of Invention is.
  • Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention, which can be used particularly advantageously when retrofitting existing systems with existing tunnels 8.
  • the tunnels are placed in the form of guide surfaces.
  • these guide surfaces 9 can be placed at an angle and supported against the outer wall of the furnace box.
  • Vertical guide surfaces 10 are placed on the tunnels on the inside.
  • FIG. 3 shows these supports in a representation rotated by 90 degrees.
  • FIG. 3 also shows one of the guide surfaces 10, which in the present example has a curved shape that rises towards the edges.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 can of course also be combined.
  • a guide surface can also be placed on a tunnel as shown in FIG. 1, and the tunnels shown in FIG. 1 can also be provided with supports. Both the tunnels can also have a curved shape, preferably rising towards the edge, as the guide surface shown in FIG. 3, and the guide surface can have straight upper edges.
  • Fig. 5 shows a section through a segment of a stepless tunnel wall, which is formed from a plurality of shaped stones 13.
  • the openings 12 in the tunnel wall through which the gas flows from the furnace box 1 into the tunnel 5 can be seen.
  • the axes of the openings 12 are inclined from the horizontal to the furnace box ceiling in such a way that the exhaust gas undergoes a significantly reduced deflection than in the conventional implementation.
  • the gas flow is indicated by solid arrows.
  • Discharge chamber 14 axis

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de reformage à la vapeur permettant le reformage catalytique d'hydrocarbures avec de la vapeur d'eau à pression élevée. Ce système comprend un système de tubes de reformage et un espace d'allumage. Le système de tubes de reformage servant d'espace réactionnel comprend une pluralité de tubes verticaux qui sont rangés en ligne et sont conçus pour être remplis avec un catalyseur, des dispositifs qui sont conçus pour amener des hydrocarbures à reformer et de la vapeur d'eau dans l'espace réactionnel, ainsi que des dispositifs qui sont conçus pour évacuer de l'espace réactionnel des gaz de synthèse reformés. Une pluralité de dispositifs d'allumage se trouvent dans la partie supérieure de l'espace d'allumage et peuvent produire des flammes principalement dirigées vers le bas, qui sont conçues pour chauffer lesdits tubes. Une pluralité de tunnels en matière céramique se trouvent dans la partie inférieure de l'espace d'allumage et sont placés de manière principalement horizontale, parallèles les uns aux autres et perpendiculaires aux tubes verticaux. Ces tunnels permettent d'évacuer des gaz de fumée par des ouvertures situées dans les parois latérales des tunnels. Les parois externes des tunnels sont marquées de manière principalement cunéiforme, allant l'une vers l'autre dans la direction ascendante.
PCT/EP2004/007370 2003-07-24 2004-07-06 Systeme de reformage a la vapeur Ceased WO2005018793A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10333854.3 2003-07-24
DE2003133854 DE10333854A1 (de) 2003-07-24 2003-07-24 Röhrenspaltofen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005018793A1 true WO2005018793A1 (fr) 2005-03-03

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PCT/EP2004/007370 Ceased WO2005018793A1 (fr) 2003-07-24 2004-07-06 Systeme de reformage a la vapeur

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DE (1) DE10333854A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005018793A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007019830B3 (de) * 2007-04-25 2008-07-31 Uhde Gmbh Primärreformer mit brennerzuführenden Sekundäreinlasskanälen
DE102009030480B3 (de) * 2009-06-24 2010-08-05 Uhde Gmbh Primärreformer zur reduzierten Stickoxidentstehung
WO2010149361A2 (fr) 2009-06-24 2010-12-29 Uhde Gmbh Reformeur primaire à flux de fumées variable
DE102010024539A1 (de) 2010-06-21 2011-12-22 Uhde Gmbh Primärreformer mit variablem Rauchgasstrom
US9533275B2 (en) 2012-09-13 2017-01-03 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and apparatus for endothermic reactions
JP2017524646A (ja) * 2014-06-06 2017-08-31 ブラッシュ プレシジョン セラミックス インコーポレーテッド 改質燃焼排ガストンネル及びその耐火部材
US10458707B2 (en) * 2015-09-28 2019-10-29 Bd Energy Systems, Llc Furnace tunnels and assembly system
CN112794284A (zh) * 2019-11-13 2021-05-14 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于执行吸热过程的重整炉
WO2021101743A1 (fr) * 2019-11-18 2021-05-27 Praxair Technology, Inc. Boîtier de reformage à tunnel de reformage doté d'orifice de tunnel

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2932173B1 (fr) * 2008-06-05 2010-07-30 Air Liquide Procede de reformage a la vapeur avec ecoulement des fumees ameliore
DE102011120938A1 (de) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-20 Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh Transportabler Reformer

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2028326A (en) * 1931-01-23 1936-01-21 Standard Oil Dev Co Apparatus for the production of hydrogen
US2194500A (en) * 1935-02-04 1940-03-26 Sinclair Refining Co Art of heating hydrocarbons
DE887801C (de) * 1937-08-30 1953-08-27 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Kontaktofen zur Herstellung von wasserstoffreichen Gasen aus gasfoermigen Kohlenwasserstoffen und Wasserdampf
DE1501556A1 (de) * 1966-11-12 1969-12-04 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Waermebehandlungsofen
DE1767980A1 (de) * 1967-07-26 1972-03-09 Heurtey Sa Rohrofen
EP0959120A1 (fr) * 1996-10-03 1999-11-24 Hajime Kato .procede de reformage d'hydrocarbures a l'aide de vapeur

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2028326A (en) * 1931-01-23 1936-01-21 Standard Oil Dev Co Apparatus for the production of hydrogen
US2194500A (en) * 1935-02-04 1940-03-26 Sinclair Refining Co Art of heating hydrocarbons
DE887801C (de) * 1937-08-30 1953-08-27 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Kontaktofen zur Herstellung von wasserstoffreichen Gasen aus gasfoermigen Kohlenwasserstoffen und Wasserdampf
DE1501556A1 (de) * 1966-11-12 1969-12-04 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Waermebehandlungsofen
DE1767980A1 (de) * 1967-07-26 1972-03-09 Heurtey Sa Rohrofen
EP0959120A1 (fr) * 1996-10-03 1999-11-24 Hajime Kato .procede de reformage d'hydrocarbures a l'aide de vapeur

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008131832A1 (fr) * 2007-04-25 2008-11-06 Uhde Gmbh Reformeur primaire présentant des canaux d'entrée secondaires alimentant le brûleur
JP2010524826A (ja) * 2007-04-25 2010-07-22 ウーデ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 二次流入通路を備える改質器
RU2457024C2 (ru) * 2007-04-25 2012-07-27 Уде Гмбх Первичный риформер с ведущими к горелкам вторичными впускными каналами
US9067786B2 (en) 2007-04-25 2015-06-30 Uhde Gmbh Primary reformer with secondary inlet channels supplying the burner
DE102007019830B3 (de) * 2007-04-25 2008-07-31 Uhde Gmbh Primärreformer mit brennerzuführenden Sekundäreinlasskanälen
DE102009030480B3 (de) * 2009-06-24 2010-08-05 Uhde Gmbh Primärreformer zur reduzierten Stickoxidentstehung
WO2010149361A2 (fr) 2009-06-24 2010-12-29 Uhde Gmbh Reformeur primaire à flux de fumées variable
US8882866B2 (en) 2009-06-24 2014-11-11 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Primary reformer for reduced nitric oxide formation
DE102010024539B4 (de) 2010-06-21 2018-10-18 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Primärreformer mit variablem Rauchgasstrom
DE102010024539A1 (de) 2010-06-21 2011-12-22 Uhde Gmbh Primärreformer mit variablem Rauchgasstrom
US9533275B2 (en) 2012-09-13 2017-01-03 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and apparatus for endothermic reactions
JP2017524646A (ja) * 2014-06-06 2017-08-31 ブラッシュ プレシジョン セラミックス インコーポレーテッド 改質燃焼排ガストンネル及びその耐火部材
EP3152369A4 (fr) * 2014-06-06 2018-01-03 Blasch Precision Ceramics, Inc. Tunnel à gaz de combustion reformeur et composants réfractaires associés
US10155210B2 (en) 2014-06-06 2018-12-18 Blasch Precision Ceramics, Inc. Steam reformer furnace, reformer flue gas tunnel therefor and refractory components therefor
US11027251B2 (en) 2014-06-06 2021-06-08 Blasch Precision Ceramics, Inc. Reformer flue gas tunnel and refractory components therefor
US10458707B2 (en) * 2015-09-28 2019-10-29 Bd Energy Systems, Llc Furnace tunnels and assembly system
CN112794284A (zh) * 2019-11-13 2021-05-14 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于执行吸热过程的重整炉
CN112794284B (zh) * 2019-11-13 2024-04-23 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 用于执行吸热过程的重整炉
WO2021101743A1 (fr) * 2019-11-18 2021-05-27 Praxair Technology, Inc. Boîtier de reformage à tunnel de reformage doté d'orifice de tunnel
US11110424B2 (en) 2019-11-18 2021-09-07 Praxair Technology, Inc. Reformer box with reformer tunnel including tunnel port

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