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WO2005096084A1 - Film a modulation de phase optique et procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Film a modulation de phase optique et procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005096084A1
WO2005096084A1 PCT/KR2004/001284 KR2004001284W WO2005096084A1 WO 2005096084 A1 WO2005096084 A1 WO 2005096084A1 KR 2004001284 W KR2004001284 W KR 2004001284W WO 2005096084 A1 WO2005096084 A1 WO 2005096084A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
film
alignment
phase modulation
pattern
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2004/001284
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Taemin Kim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ADVUE CO LTD
Original Assignee
ADVUE CO LTD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ADVUE CO LTD filed Critical ADVUE CO LTD
Publication of WO2005096084A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005096084A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G02F1/133631—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation with a spatial distribution of the retardation value

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical phase modulation film attached to a front surface of an LCD and acting as an optical compensation film, and more particularly, to an optical phase modulation film having a structure designed to perform an optical phase modulation of an image by the performing an optical phase modulation function according to each pattern thereof and simultaneously giving a process that minimizes the number of manufacturing steps by varying a liquid crystal alignment structure, and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • Background Art
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,327, 285 discloses a method of fabricating a micropolarizer 100.
  • polarization of a polarizing film disposed at a final surface of an LCD is differentiated in units of pixels or pixel groups to make the polarization directions of first and second polarization patterns 110 and 120 perpendicular to each other.
  • first and second polarization patterns 110 and 120 perpendicular to each other.
  • the polarization of the micropolarizer 100 is formed using poly vinyl alcohol(PVA) as a medium and the polarization pattern is formed by photo etching.
  • European Patent No. 0,829,744 A2 discloses a method in which a patterned retarder 200 is patterned such that first and second retarder patterns 210 and 220 attached on a polarization film disposed at a final surface of an LCD can make polarizations thereof perpendicularly to each other.
  • the first retarder pattern 210 diffracts an exit light of the polarization film by 90 ° such that the aligned film of liquid crystal has a characteristic of a half wavelength retardation.
  • the second retarder pattern 220 is formed by aligning the liquid crystal so as not to diffract an exit light of the polarization film.
  • the first and second retarder patterns 210 and 220 are formed as two different retardation patterns respectively.
  • the alignment of liquid crystal of the patterned retarder 200 is formed by rubbing and the polarization pattern is formed by photo etching.
  • the polarity of the micropolarizer 100 is lower than a conventional polarization film formed by elongation.
  • the present invention provides an optical phase modulation film having a structure designed to perform an optical phase modulation of an image by the performing an optical phase modulation function according to each pattern thereof and simultaneously giving a process that minimizes the number of manufacturing steps by varying a liquid crystal alignment structure, and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • a n optical phase modulation film which is attached to a final front surface of an LCD using liquid crystal to act as an optical compensation film
  • the optical phase modulation film comprising, a liquid crystal alignment film which is homogeneously aligned by a surface alignment process using light irradiation or rubbing method or by ion beam irradiation and simultaneously the liquid crystal film which is not surface oriented is homeotropically aligned, a liquid crystal layer oriented on the liquid crystal alignment film and having two patterns formed a liquid crystal layer each, that is, the first pattern made of a liquid crystal layer in a homogeneous alignment with a predetermined optical axis, and the second pattern made of a liquid crystal layer in a homeotropic alignment, and a substrate supporting the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal layer, wherein a layer formed of the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal layer is stacked by more than one layer at least .
  • a method of manufacturing an optical phase modulation film comprising coating a liquid crystal alignment film on a substrate, separately forming the first pattern which is surface-processed by placing a photomask designed in a particular format on the liquid crystal alignment film and radiating a polarized light or ion beam, and the second pattern which is not surface- processed, and simultaneously aligning a homogeneous alignment part (the second pattern) and a homeotropic alignment part (the first pattern) by coating photoreactive liquid crystal on the liquid crystal alignment film, and cross-linking the aligned liquid crystal layer by photo-irradiating.
  • the optical phase modulation film and the method of manufacturing the same have the following advantages.
  • the optical phase modulation film has the additional function as an optical compensation film and can compensate the quality of the conventional image.
  • the optical phase modulation film is formed into a multilayer so that the first pattern of each layer has a quarter wave plate (QWP) retardation characteristic.
  • QWP quarter wave plate
  • optical phase modulation film can be simply attached on a final LCD product, attachment and use thereof is easy.
  • FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a conventional optical phase modulation film
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating another conventional optical phase modulation film
  • FIG. 3 is a view illustrating the manufacturing steps of an optical phase modulation film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing a characteristic of a liquid crystal alignment film according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view illustrating a multilayered optical phase modulation film according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a state in which a black matrix is applied to the optical phase modulation film according to the present invention. Best Mode
  • FIG. 3 through FIG. 6 shows respectively a manufacturing process of an optical phase modulation film according to an embodiment of the present invention, and characteristics of a liquid crystal alignment film, a state of the optical phase modulation film being applied, and a state of a black matrix being applied.
  • a liquid crystal alignment film 10 which is homogeneously aligned by a surface alignment process using light irradiation or rubbing method or by ion beam irradiation and simultaneously the liquid crystal film which is not surface oriented is homeotropically aligned
  • a liquid crystal layer 20 oriented on the liquid crystal alignment film 10 and having two patterns formed a liquid crystal layer each, that is, the first pattern 21 made of a liquid crystal layer 20 in a homogeneous alignment with a predetermined optical axis, and the second pattern 22 made of a liquid crystal layer in a homeotropic alignment
  • a substrate 30 supporting the liquid crystal alignment film 10 and the liquid crystal layer 20, wherein a layer formed of the liquid crystal alignment film 10 and the liquid crystal layer 20 is stacked by more than one layer at least .
  • the optical phase modulation film 1 is formed by combining a liquid crystal alignment film 10, the liquid crystal layer 20, and the substrate 30.
  • the first and second patterns 21 and 22 of the liquid crystal layer 20 have different polarizations or diffract light so as to have different polarizations
  • the first pattern 21 diffracts a polarized exit light of an LCD 50 by 90 ° while the second pattern 22 maintains the polarized exit light as it is.
  • the first pattern 21 diffracts light such that a main optical axis of an aligned liquid crystal to have a predetermined angle with respect to the direction of the polarizing exit light, while the alignment of the second pattern 22 maintains a existing polarization direction of exit light by making the main optical axis of an aligned liquid crystal matching the polarizing direction of the exit light.
  • the polarization-diffraction of the first pattern 21 is available by making a phase modulation characteristic of the aligned liquid crystal into a half wavelength, and more effectively, by making the phase modulation characteristic into a 1/4 wavelength and appropriately aligning the optical axis to form a stacked structure.
  • the first pattern 21 is made of homogeneously aligned liquid crystal so as to have a predetermined angle with respect to a polarized exit light
  • the second pattern 22 is made of homeotropically aligned liquid crystal. It is a characteristic that a liquid crystal alignment process is not needed for formation of the second pattern 22.
  • An optical phase modulation film 1 is characteristically manufactured by coating a liquid crystal alignment film 10 on a substrate 30, separately forming the first pattern 21 which is surface-processed by placing a photomask 40 designed in a particular format on the liquid crystal alignment film 10 and radiating a polarized light or ion beam, and the second pattern 22 which is not surface-processed, and simultaneously aligning a homogeneous alignment part (the second pattern) and a homeotropic alignment part (the first pattern) by coating photoreactive liquid crystal on the liquid crystal alignment film 10, and cross-linking the aligned liquid crystal layer 20 by photo-irradiating.
  • the liquid crystal alignment film 10 there are various types for the liquid crystal alignment film 10 and there is an alignment film having characteristics of both homogeneous alignment and homeotropic alignment.
  • an alignment film can be used which has a characteristic of homeotropically orientated liquid crystal when a surface alignment process (hydrophobicity between liquid crystal and an alignment film) such as optical alignment, rubbing, or ion beam is not performed after a film is coated on the substrate 30 and homogeneously orientating liquid crystal after the surface alignment process is performed so as to sufficiently reduce surface energy.
  • a liquid crystal alignment film is preferably used which is capable of non- contact alignment (rubbing is a contact type alignment) such as optical alignment or ion beam alignment.
  • the liquid crystal alignment film 10 is surface-processed by a polarized light or ion beam with a photomask interposed therebetween to distinguish the first and second patterns 21 and 22.
  • the first pattern part passing through the photomask is surface- processed by a polarized light (ion beam) so that a surface energy decreases and thus liquid crystal is homogeneously aligned.
  • the second pattern part which is not surface- processed by being blocked by the photomask maintains the original surface energy of the alignment film so that liquid crystal is homeotropically aligned.
  • the homeotropically aligned part does not change a direction of a polarization of the exit light of the LCD.
  • the homogeneously aligned part has a predetermined angle with respect to a polarized exit light so that, by diffracting a polarization direction, the first and second patterns 21 and 22 can be formed with one surface process method only.
  • the patterns are formed in the above method, since a boundary surface between the first and second patterns is a crossing part where the homeotropic alignment and the homogeneous alignment of the liquid crystal each other. Accordingly, such alignment has a semi-homeotropic alignment in which an inclination with respect to a flat surface of the liquid crystal is not constant.
  • the photomask is designed such that such area is included in the area of a black matrix 70 which distinguishes pixels of the LCD, thus improving an image quality.
  • the semi-homeotropic alignment can be partially formed by a flatness of a surface of the alignment film. Since diffraction or brightness of light is hardly decreased unless liquid crystal is not close to the homogeneous alignment with respect to a horizon (surface) the second pattern 22 which is not surface-processed does not affect the image quality by the homeotropic alignment or semi-homeotropic alignment of the liquid crystal, rather provides an optical compensation effect in some cases to improve the image quality of an LCD.
  • the alignment film generally has a characteristic shown in FIG. 4, that is, a characteristic of a reverse 'S' shape in which a surface energy is lowered by receiving light energy (or ion beam).
  • the alignment film having the above characteristic can be well applied to the present invention.
  • a multilayered optical phase modulation film may be formed by repeating the above processes.
  • the thickness of a liquid crystal layer of the first pattern 21 is adjusted to have a light diffracting characteristic of a quarter wave plate (QWP) so that the polarized exit light of the LCD can be efficiently diffracted as light diffraction of red, green, and blue colors are sufficiently made.
  • QWP quarter wave plate
  • the second pattern part which is homeotropically oriented and not polarization- diffracted does not diffract an polarized exit light of the LCD but provides a viewing angle compensation effect only, so that a function as an optical compensation film is added.
  • liquid crystal of the second pattern part is not either homeotropically aligned or homogenously aligned so that the optical axis thereof is isotropic, brightness is lowered due to dispersion of light in the part.
  • the optical phase modulation film has an irregular optical scattering so that use thereof is difficult.
  • the liquid crystal used in the present invention has the characteristics similar to that of nematic liquid crystal used for a general LCD having optical anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy.
  • the present liquid crystal is reactive mesogen of which the optical anisotropy is very large so that a thin film can exhibit an optical phase modulation characteristic and which is designed to be a solid phase by being cross- linked by light (photo).
  • a commercialized material is preferably used therefor.
  • optical phase modulation film according to an embodiment of the present invention is manufactured as follows.
  • an optical alignment material is coated by a thickness of 0.7 mm on a glass substrate 30, and a heat treatment is performed at 100+5 ° C for 20-40 minutes.
  • the optical alignment material is a derivative of poly vinyl cinnamate made by introducing a cinnamate side chain to polyvinyl and an alkyl material is used as the end of the side chain.
  • the film formed after the heat treatment is hydrophobic so as to homeotropically orientate liquid crystal and is changed to be hydrophilic by a predetermined surface treatment (photo, rubbing, or ion beam) so as to homogeneously orientate liquid crystal.
  • a predetermined surface treatment photo, rubbing, or ion beam
  • Any alignment material having a similar characteristic can be applied for the present invention.
  • the present material is solved in a solvent (cyclo-pentanone) by a predetermined amount so as to be filtered in a pore size of 0.2 um (nominal) to remove impurities, and then spin-coated at about 1500 rpm.
  • the spin coating can be substituted with all coating methods used to form a thin film, such as dispensing coating or roll coating, If the coating method is suitable for the preceding and following steps and can be optimized for the corresponding process.
  • the thickness of 20-100 nm is generally sufficient for the film.
  • the first and second patterns 21 and 22 are formed by photo-irradiating the photomask 40 processed to a particular pattern on the glass substrate 30 in a coated state.
  • the photomask 40 may have a desired pattern, it is general in a manufacturing process of an optical phase modulation film for a 3-D stereo image to form the pattern in units of pixel lines.
  • Photo is irradiated by polarized UN ray of about 230-400 nm to provide a liquid crystal alignment capability to the part exposed on the light.
  • the amount of irradiation may be within the range of about 0.5-10 joule/cm.
  • an ion beam can be irradiated as a non-contact type surface process to provide a liquid crystal alignment capability.
  • liquid crystal is coated on the glass substrate 30 (in a surface-processed state).
  • Any coating method used to form a thin film such as dispensing coating or roll coating, can be used as a coating method.
  • the coating method suitable for the preceding and following steps is selected by considering optimization of a corresponding process.
  • the thickness of the coated liquid crystal dominates a phase modulation characteristic, a fine adjustment of the thickness is needed.
  • a film having an about 1 m m thickness is formed.
  • the part (the first pattern) which is surface-processed after coating is aligned based on the polarization direction of the photo-irradiating so as to form a predetermined optical axis (to have a predetermined first angle with respect to a polarized exit light of the LCD).
  • the part (the second pattern) which is not surface -processed is basically homeotropically oriented.
  • a boundary area between the first and second patterns 21 and 22 is a transition area of liquid crystal alignment in a semi-homeotropically aligned state.
  • the photomask can be designed such that the boundary area is hidden in an area of the black matrix 70 disposed between pixels of an LCD.
  • the liquid crystal is reactive mesogen and used by being diluted in a solvent (PGMEA).
  • the solvent is volatilized at about 50 ° C after coating and the liquid crystal is cross-linked by irradiating a UN ray at about 365 nm.
  • the atmosphere of the above process is maintained by nitrogen to restrict a side reaction of liquid crystal cross-linking.
  • the amount of irradiation may be within a range of about 0.5-10 joule/cm.
  • the optical phases of multiple layers can be formed by repeating the above processes.
  • the optical axis of the first pattern of the second layer formed on the first pattern of the first layer in the optical phase modulation film 1 forms a second angle with respect to the direction of the polarized exit light of the LCD, and the liquid crystal of the second pattern of the second layer formed on the second pattern of the first layer is homeotropically aligned.
  • a multilayered optical phase modulation film is formed and the above sequence enables a single or double layer structure according to the phase modulation characteristic of liquid crystal.
  • the first pattern of the layers (10 and 20) of the optical phase modulation film firstly contacting a final polarization film of the LCD 50 has a photo diffracting characteristic of a quarter wave plate (QWP).
  • QWP quarter wave plate
  • An angle between the optical axis thereof and the direction of the polarized exit light of the LCD makes 22.5 degrees in a direction to diffract the polarized light.
  • the first pattern of the optical phase modulation film layers 10 ' and 20 ' has a photo diffracting characteristic of a quarter wave plate (QWP) as well.
  • An angle between the optical axis thereof and the direction of the polarized exit light of the LCD makes 67.5 degrees in a direction to diffract the polarized exit light.
  • the optical phase modulation film 1 is attached to the LCD 50 having the first and second layers (10 and 20; 10 ' and 20 ' ) sequentially formed on the substrate 30 interposed therebewteen. Accordingly, the second layer (10 and 20) firstly contacts the final polarization film of the LCD and the first layer (10 ' and 20 ' ) contacts the final polarization film next.
  • polarization may be 45 ° in a direction for diffraction using the optical phase modulation of the first pattern as a half wavelength.
  • the black matrix 70 which distinguishes pixels of the LCD 50 is applied to the semi-homeotropic alignment part which is the crossing part of the homeotropic and the homogeneous alignment in the optical phase modulation film 1 so that the image quality is improved.
  • Industrial Applicability As described above, the present invention can be used in various fields such as a field where the optical phase modulation film is attached to a final front surface of an LCD to act as a 3-D film for stereoscopic image processing and also an optical compensation film.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un film à modulation de phase optique fixé sur une surface frontale finale d'écran à cristaux liquides, le cristal liquide servant de film de compensation optique. Le film à modulation de phase optique comprend un film à alignement de cristal liquide qui oriente de façon homogène le cristal liquide selon un processus d'alignement de surface, par photo-irradiation ou par frottement ou par irradiation ionique, et qui confère simultanément une orientation homéotropique au cristal liquide sans traitement d'alignement de surface ; une couche à cristaux liquides orientée, sur le film précédent, ayant un axe optique préétabli, avec un premier motif formé sur couche à cristaux liquides en alignement homogène, et un second motif formé sur couche à cristaux liquides en alignement homéotropique ; et un substrat soutenant le film et la couche précédents. Une couche constituée de ce film et de cette couche forme un empilage de plus d'une couche.
PCT/KR2004/001284 2004-04-02 2004-05-29 Film a modulation de phase optique et procede de fabrication Ceased WO2005096084A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020040023109A KR100484417B1 (ko) 2004-04-02 2004-04-02 광위상변조판의 구조 및 제조 방법
KR10-2004-0023109 2004-04-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005096084A1 true WO2005096084A1 (fr) 2005-10-13

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WO (1) WO2005096084A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008028553A1 (fr) * 2006-09-02 2008-03-13 Merck Patent Gmbh Procédé de faisceaux de particules pour l'alignement de mésogènes radioactifs
WO2008132206A1 (fr) * 2007-04-30 2008-11-06 Seereal Technologies S.A. Modulateur optique pour la représentation de données de valeurs complexes
JP2018205364A (ja) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-27 大日本印刷株式会社 位相差フィルム、転写用積層体、光学部材、表示装置、及び、位相差フィルムの製造方法

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KR101373425B1 (ko) * 2005-08-30 2014-03-13 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 위상차 보상 필름 및 그 제조 방법과, 이를 이용한 액정표시 장치
KR101447994B1 (ko) 2007-11-27 2014-10-13 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 광위상 지연 필름, 그 제조 방법 및 이를 구비한 표시 장치
KR101328109B1 (ko) 2011-07-20 2013-11-13 최승규 광학필름, 그의 제조방법, 그를 포함하는 입체안경 및 입체표시장치

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KR20020039787A (ko) * 2000-11-22 2002-05-30 김원대 네마틱 액정 파브리-페로 파장 가변 필터 및 그 제조방법
WO2002056067A2 (fr) * 2001-01-12 2002-07-18 Reveo, Inc. Micropolariseur nematique torsade et procede de fabrication associe
KR20030032749A (ko) * 2001-10-19 2003-04-26 엘지전선 주식회사 네마틱 액정을 이용한 위상차 필름의 제작방법 및 이를통해 제작된 위상차 필름

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KR20020039787A (ko) * 2000-11-22 2002-05-30 김원대 네마틱 액정 파브리-페로 파장 가변 필터 및 그 제조방법
WO2002056067A2 (fr) * 2001-01-12 2002-07-18 Reveo, Inc. Micropolariseur nematique torsade et procede de fabrication associe
KR20030032749A (ko) * 2001-10-19 2003-04-26 엘지전선 주식회사 네마틱 액정을 이용한 위상차 필름의 제작방법 및 이를통해 제작된 위상차 필름

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008028553A1 (fr) * 2006-09-02 2008-03-13 Merck Patent Gmbh Procédé de faisceaux de particules pour l'alignement de mésogènes radioactifs
JP2010501899A (ja) * 2006-09-02 2010-01-21 メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 反応性メソゲンを配向するための粒子ビーム法
US8414983B2 (en) 2006-09-02 2013-04-09 MERCK Patent Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Particle beam process for the alignment of reactive mesogens
WO2008132206A1 (fr) * 2007-04-30 2008-11-06 Seereal Technologies S.A. Modulateur optique pour la représentation de données de valeurs complexes
US8169682B2 (en) 2007-04-30 2012-05-01 Seereal Technologies S.A. Light modulator for representing complex-valued data
JP2018205364A (ja) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-27 大日本印刷株式会社 位相差フィルム、転写用積層体、光学部材、表示装置、及び、位相差フィルムの製造方法

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