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WO2005090899A1 - Pied à coulisse multifonctionnel et son procédé d'utilisation - Google Patents

Pied à coulisse multifonctionnel et son procédé d'utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005090899A1
WO2005090899A1 PCT/CN2005/000187 CN2005000187W WO2005090899A1 WO 2005090899 A1 WO2005090899 A1 WO 2005090899A1 CN 2005000187 W CN2005000187 W CN 2005000187W WO 2005090899 A1 WO2005090899 A1 WO 2005090899A1
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Prior art keywords
measuring
probe
vernier
arc
ruler
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French (fr)
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Jiazheng Liang
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B3/20—Slide gauges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring instrument, in particular to a multi-purpose vernier caliper capable of measuring a radius of an arc and a method of using the same.
  • the measurement of the arc radius value is usually measured with an R gauge or a 3D computer.
  • the R gauge is a caliper with a relatively limited range. There are three commonly used gauges. The measurement ranges are: Rlmm ⁇ R6.5mm; R7mm ⁇ R14.5mm ; R15mm ⁇ R25mm.
  • the 3D calculator can accurately measure the arc radius value and the measurement range is not limited, it is expensive and inconvenient to carry.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-purpose vernier caliper and a method of use.
  • the technical problem to be solved is to make the measuring gauge simple in structure, convenient to carry, and capable of quickly measuring the radius value of a circular arc with a large range.
  • a multi-purpose vernier caliper having an outer measuring claw on one side of a main ruler and a vernier ruler, a first measuring head is connected to an end of the outer measuring claw on the main ruler, A second probe and a third probe are connected to the ends of the outer measuring claws.
  • the measuring points of the first probe and the third probe are parallel to the main body, and the second probe is located between the first probe and the third probe.
  • the distance between the third measuring head and the measuring point is constant, and the distance between the third measuring head and the measuring point is constant.
  • the master ruler and the vernier scale are also engraved with a scale showing the radius of the arc.
  • the measuring point of the second measuring head of the present invention is located above or below the connecting line. Confirm this
  • the upper end of the outer measuring claw on the side of the vernier ruler of the present invention is provided with a switch, and the switch and the second measuring head are connected in a threaded manner.
  • the ends of the first, second and third probes of the present invention are spherical in shape.
  • the diameter of the spherical probe of the present invention is 1 mm.
  • a multi-purpose vernier caliper has a measuring radius ranging from 30 to 150 mm, and the distance between the center of the ball of the second probe and the line connecting the first and second centers of the ball is 0.8 mm. The distance between the centers of the balls is 4 mm.
  • the main ruler of the invention is engraved with an integer value showing the radius of the arc, and the vernier ruler is engraved with a scale showing the radius of the arc.
  • the scale values of the apparent arc radius engraved on the main ruler of the present invention are arranged according to the relationship of r (d 2 / 8h) + (h / 2).
  • connection between the first probe and the outer measuring claw on the main ruler is a screw connection
  • connection between the second probe and the third probe and the outer measuring claw on the vernier ruler is a screw connection
  • a method for using a multi-purpose vernier caliper adopts the following steps: 1. When measuring a convex arc, adjust a switch so that the measurement point of the second probe is located on the line connecting the measurement point of the first probe and the third probe. In the upper part, adjust the vernier so that the measuring points of the first probe, the measuring points of the second probe and the measuring points of the third probe all contact the convex arc, and read the integer value of the radius of the arc from the main rule. Then read the decimal value from the vernier and add the integer value and the decimal value; 2. When measuring the concave arc, adjust the switch so that the measuring point of the second probe is located between the first probe and the third probe.
  • the present invention connects three measuring heads to the end of the measuring claw outside the vernier caliper, and engraved a scale showing the radius of the arc on the main ruler and the vernier ruler. Arc contact, read out the arc radius value on the main ruler and vernier, so that vernier caliper can measure arc radius in addition to the original measurement function, convenient and fast, wide measurement range, high measurement accuracy, easy to carry, simple structure .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a multi-purpose vernier caliper according to the present invention.
  • the multi-purpose vernier caliper of the present invention includes a main ruler 1, a vernier ruler 3 that can slide along the main ruler 1 on the main ruler 1, an outer measuring claw 12 on one side of the main ruler 1, and an outer side on the vernier ruler 3 side.
  • the measuring claw 32, the inner measuring claw 11 on the other side of the main ruler 1, the vernier scale 3 another measuring inner claw 31, and the ends of the outer measuring claw 12 on the main ruler 1 are connected to the first spherical probe 21, the other
  • the end of the outer measuring claw 32 is connected to the second spherical probe 22 and the third spherical probe 23, the fixing screw 4 on the vernier 3, and the upper end of the outer measuring claw 32 on the side of the vernier 3 is provided with a switch 5 .
  • the measuring point connection line between the first spherical probe 21 and the third spherical probe 23 is parallel to the main ruler, and the second spherical probe 22 is located between the first spherical probe 21 and the third spherical probe 23.
  • a multi-purpose vernier caliper with a measuring radius ranging from 30 to 150 mm, the distance between the center of the ball of the second spherical probe 22 and the center of the first spherical probe 21 and the center of the third spherical probe 23 is 0.8. Mm, the distance from the center of the ball of the third spherical probe 23 is 4 mm, the main scale 1 and vernier 3 are engraved with a length scale, and the main ruler 1 is also engraved with an integer value showing the radius of the arc, the vernier 3 The scale showing the arc radius is engraved on the scale. The scale value showing the arc radius on the main ruler is The relational arrangement of r (d 2 / 8h) + (h / 2).
  • the arc to be measured is a convex arc, and the measuring point of the second spherical probe 22 is located at the upper part of the connecting line. If the measured arc is a concave arc, the measuring point of the second spherical probe 22 is located in the continuous arc. The lower part of the line is adjusted by the changeover button 5, and the changeover button 5 and the second ball probe 22 are connected in a threaded manner.
  • the spherical probe uses a measuring ball with a diameter of 1 mm.
  • connection between the first spherical probe 21 and the outer measuring claw 12 on the main ruler 1 is a threaded connection, and the second and third spherical probes 22 and 23 and the outer measuring claw 32 on the vernier scale 3
  • the connection is a threaded connection.
  • the measuring principle of the present invention is as follows: three points are taken on an arc, and the chord length d of the arc, the chord height h, and the arc radius r have the following relationship:
  • the arc radius r can be determined by the chord length d, and the measurement of the arc radius r can be indirectly measured by measuring the chord length d. From the above relationship The formula shows that: there is no linear relationship between the arc radius r and the chord length d. When the chord length d is equally spaced, the arc radius r is unequally spaced.
  • the present invention adopts the following form: that is, the chord length d of unequal variation is used to measure the arc radius r value of the equidistant change, and the caliper radius of the equal value change is measured at unequal scale intervals in the caliper.
  • the value of the arc radius reflected on the scale of the caliper is equal to the difference between adjacent scale values.
  • the value of the arc radius value on the main ruler scale of the caliper is a natural number, that is, each position of the main ruler reflects a natural value of the arc radius value. Because the distance between adjacent scales in the caliper master is not equal, the average of the scale pitch ratio can only be taken in the caliper master rule. Because the scale interval of the main ruler of the caliper is changed, if the scale interval of the vernier scale is directly based on the scale interval of the main ruler, the scale interval of the vernier scale is also unequal, so that the measured values cannot be closer when measuring. The true value of the arc radius.
  • the measured value of the scale portion of the vernier scale is only the myopia value of the arc radius value.
  • the multi-purpose vernier caliper of the present invention only needs to slightly modify the existing vernier caliper structure and production process, which can not only achieve the requirements of the present invention, but also unify the processing technology in the production of vernier calipers, reduce costs, facilitate measurement and use, and have a large measurement range.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length-Measuring Instruments Using Mechanical Means (AREA)

Description

多用游标卡尺及使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种测量器具， 特别是一种可以测量圆弧半径值的多 用游标卡尺及使用方法。
背景技术
现阶段对圆弧半径值的测取， 常用 R规， 或 3D操数机测得。 R 规是一种量程比较有限的卡规， 常用的有 3 组， 测量范围分别为： Rlmm~R6.5mm; R7mm~R14.5mm; R15mm~R25mm。 而 3D操数机 虽然可以对圆弧半径值进行精确的测量， 测量范围也不受限制， 但价 格昂贵， 携带不方便。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种多用游标卡尺及使用方法， 要解决的技 术问题是使测量规结构简单， 携带方便、 能快速测量范围大的圆弧半 径值。
本发明采用以下技术方案： 一种多用游标卡尺， 它的主尺和游标 尺的一侧带有外测量爪， 所述主尺上的外测量爪的端部联接有第一测 头， 游标尺上的外测量爪的端部联接有第二测头和第三测头， 第一测 头和第三测头的测点连线与主尺尺身平行， 第二测头位于第一测头和 第三测头之间， 其测点与所述连线之间距离为常量， 与第三测头的测 点之间距离为常量， 主尺和游标尺还刻有显示圆弧半径的刻度。
本发明第二测头的测点位于所述连线的上部或下部。 确 认 本 本发明游标尺手握一侧的外测量爪上端设有转换钮， 转换钮与第 二测头以螺纹方式形成连接。
本发明第一测头、 第二测头和第三测头的端部形状为球形。
本发明球形测头的直径为 1毫米。
本发明多用游标卡尺测量半径范围为 30至 150毫米，第二测头的 测球中心与第一球心和第二球心的连线之间距离为 0. 8毫米， 与第三 测头的测球中心之间距离为 4毫米。
本发明主尺刻有显示圆弧半径的整数值， 游标尺刻有显示圆弧半 径的刻度。
本发明主尺上刻有的显 圆弧半径的刻度值按 r二（d2/8h) + (h/2) 的关系式排列。
本发明第一测头与主尺上的外测量爪的连接为螺纹连接， 第二测 头和第三测头与游标尺的外测量爪的连接为螺紋连接。
一种多用游标卡尺的使用方法，采用以下步骤： 1、测量凸圆弧时， 调节转换钮， 使第二测头的测点位于第一测头和第三测头的测点之间 连线的上部， 调节游标尺， 使第一测头的测点、 第二测头的测点和第 三测头的测点匀与凸圆弧接触， 从主尺上读出圆弧的半径整数值， 再 从游标尺上读出小数值， 将整数值与小数值相加； 2、 测量凹圆弧时， 调节转换钮， 使第二测头的测点位于第一测头和第三测头的测点之间 连线的下部， 调节游标尺， 使第一测头的测点、 第二测头的测点和第 三测头的测点匀与凹圆弧接触； 从主尺上读出圆弧整数值， 再从游标 尺上读出小数值， 将整数值与小数值相加。 本发明与现有技术相比，在游标卡尺外测量爪的端部联接三个测 量头， 并在主尺和游标尺上刻有显示圆弧半径的刻度， 测量时使三个 测量头与被测量圆弧接触， 在主尺和游标尺上读出圆弧半径值， 使游 标卡尺除具有原测量功能外， 还可测量圆弧半径， 方便快捷， 测量范 围宽， 测量精度高， 携带方便， 结构简单。
附图说明
图 1是本发明多用游标卡尺实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。如图 1所示， 本发明的多用游标卡尺包括主尺 1、 在主尺 1上沿主尺 1可滑动的游 标尺 3、 主尺 1一侧的外测量爪 12、 游标尺 3—侧的外测量爪 32、 主 尺 1另一侧的内测量爪 11、游标尺 3另一测的内测量爪 31、主尺 1上 的外测量爪 12的端部联接第一球形测头 21、 另一外测量爪 32的端部 联接第二球形测头 22和第三球形测头 23、 游标尺 3上的固紧螺钉 4、 游标尺 3手握一侧的外测量爪 32上端设有转换钮 5。第一球形测头 21 和第三球形测头 23的测点连线与主尺 1尺身平行， 第二球形测头 22 位于第一球形测头 21和第三球形测头 23之间， 对于测量半径范围为 30至 150毫米的多用游标卡尺， 第二球形测头 22的测球中心与第一 球形测头 21球心和第三球形测头 23球心之间连线的距离为 0. 8毫米， 与第三球形测头 23的测球中心之间距离为 4毫米， 主尺 1和游标尺 3 上刻有长度刻度， 主尺 1上还刻有显示圆弧半径的整数值， 游标尺 3 上刻有显示圆弧半径的刻度， 主尺上刻有的显示圆弧半径的刻度值按 r= (d2/8h) + (h/2) 的关系式排列。 需测量的圆弧是凸圆弧， 第二球 形测头 22的测点位于所述连线的上部， 若测量的圆弧是凹圆弧， 第二 球形测头 22的测点位于所述连线的下部， 通过转换钮 5调节， 转换钮 5与第二球形测头 22以螺纹方式形成连接。 球形测头采用直径为 1毫 米的测量球头。为方便拆卸， 第一球形测头 21与主尺 1上的外测量爪 12的连接为螺紋连接， 第二球形测头 22和第三球形测头 23与游标尺 3上的外测量爪 32的连接为螺纹连接。
测量凸圆弧时， 调节转换钮 5， 使第二球形测头 22的测点位于第 一球形测头 21和第三球形测头 23的测点之间连线的上部， 调节游标 尺 3， 使第一球形测头 21的测点、 第二球形测头 22的测点和第三球 形测头 23的测点匀与凸圆弧接触，从主尺 1上读出圆弧的半径整数值， 再从游标尺 3上读出小数值， 将整数值与小数值相加； 测量凹圆弧时， 调节转换钮 5， 使第二球形测头 22的测点位于第一球形测头 21和第 三球形测头 23的测点之间连线的下部， 调节游标尺 3， 使第一球形测 头 21的测点、第二球形测头 22的测点和第三球形测头 23的测点匀与 凹圆弧接触， 从主尺 1上读出圆弧的半径整数值， 再从游标尺 3上读 出小数值， 将整数值与小数值相加。
本发明的测量原理为： 在圆弧上取三点， 圆弧的弦长 d、 弦高 h 和圆弧半径 r三者之间存在以下关系：
r二 ( d2/8h) + (h/2)
只要弦高 h保持常量， 那么圆弧半径 r就可以由弦长 d决定， 圆 弧半径 r的测量可以通过测量弦长 d的方式间接的测得。 从上述关系 式看出： 圆弧半径 r和弦长 d之间不成线性关系， 当弦长 d等距变化 时， 圆弧半径 r为不等距变化。 本发明采用了以下这种形式： 即以不 等距变化的弦长 d, 来测量等距变化的圆弧半径 r值， 在卡尺中以不 相等的刻度间距测量等值变化的圆弧半径，即圆弧半径在卡尺的刻度 上反映的数值为相邻刻度值的差值相等。 为了便于计量和读取， 圆弧 半径值在卡尺主尺刻度上的取值是自然数， 即主尺的每一刻度位置反 映一个圆弧半径值的自然数值。 因为卡尺主尺中相邻刻度之间的距离 不相等，游标尺刻度间距只能在卡尺主尺中取刻度间距比值的平均值。 因为卡尺主尺的刻度间距是变化的， 游标尺的刻度间距如直接以主尺 刻度间距的基础上取比值， 游标尺刻度间距也同样为不等距， 这样不 能在测量时使测量值更接近圆弧半径真实值。 在游标尺刻度间距平均 取值测量时， 在整体中使测量值接近真实值， 在理论上减少测量误差， 所以 ， 游标尺刻度部分的测量值只是圆弧半径值的近视值。
本发明的多用游标卡尺只需对现有游标卡尺结构和生产工艺略加 改动， 既可实现本发明的要求， 又可在游标卡尺的生产中统一加工工 艺， 降低成本， 并测量使用方便， 测量范围大。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种多用游标卡尺，它的主尺和游标尺的一侧带有外测量爪，其特 征在于：所述主尺上的外测量爪的端部联接有第一测头，游标尺上 的外测量爪的端部联接有第二测头和第三测头，第一测头和第三测 头的测点连线与主尺尺身平行，第二测头位于第一测头和第三测头 之间， 其测点与所述连线之间距离为常量， 与第三测头的测点之间 距离为常量， 主尺和游标尺还刻有显示圆弧半径的刻度。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的多用游标卡尺，其特征在于：所述第二测头 的测点位于所述连线的上部或下部。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的多用游标卡尺，其特征在于： 所述游标尺手 握一侧的外测量爪上端设有转换钮，转换钮与第二测头以螺纹方式 形成连接。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的多用游标卡尺，其特征在于：所述第一测头、 第二测头和第三测头的端部形状为球形。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的多用游标卡尺，其特征在于：所述球形测头 的直径为 1毫米。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的多用游标卡尺，其特征在于： 所述多用游标 卡尺测量半径范围为 30至 150毫米， 第二测头的测球中心与第一 球心和第二球心的连线之间距离为 0. 8毫米，与第三测头的测球中 心之间距离为 4毫米。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的多用游标卡尺，其特征在于：所述主尺刻有 显示圆弧半径的整数值， 游标尺刻有显示圆弧半径的刻度。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的多用游标卡尺，其特征在于：所述主尺上刻 有的显示圆弧半径的刻度值按！"= (d2/8h) + (h/2)的关系式排列。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的多用游标卡尺，其特征在于： 所述第一测头 与主尺上的外测量爪的连接为螺紋连接，第二测头和第三测头与游 标尺的外测量爪的连接为螺紋连接。
10.—种多用游标卡尺的使用方法， 采用以下步骤： 1、测量凸圆弧时， 调节转换钮，使第二测头的测点位于第一测头和第三测头的测点之 间连线的上部， 调节游标尺， 使第一测头的测点、第二测头的测点 和第三测头的测点匀与凸圆弧接触，从主尺上读出圆弧的半径整数 值， 再从游标尺上读出小数值， 将整数值与小数值相加； 2、 测量 凹圆弧时， 调节转换钮，使第二测头的测点位于第一测头和第三测 头的测点之间连线的下部， 调节游标尺， 使第一测头的测点、第二 测头的测点和第三测头的测点匀与凹圆弧接触；从主尺上读出圆弧 整数值， 再从游标尺上读出小数值， 将整数值与小数值相加。
PCT/CN2005/000187 2004-03-19 2005-02-07 Pied à coulisse multifonctionnel et son procédé d'utilisation Ceased WO2005090899A1 (fr)

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CN200410026594.X 2004-03-19
CN 200410026594 CN1257377C (zh) 2004-03-19 2004-03-19 多用游标卡尺及使用方法

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WO2005090899A1 true WO2005090899A1 (fr) 2005-09-29

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