WO2005085502A1 - Method for pickling steels and regenerating pickling solutions - Google Patents
Method for pickling steels and regenerating pickling solutions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005085502A1 WO2005085502A1 PCT/AT2004/000111 AT2004000111W WO2005085502A1 WO 2005085502 A1 WO2005085502 A1 WO 2005085502A1 AT 2004000111 W AT2004000111 W AT 2004000111W WO 2005085502 A1 WO2005085502 A1 WO 2005085502A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pickling
- steel
- stainless steel
- acid
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F1/00—Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling or descaling
- C25F1/02—Pickling; Descaling
- C25F1/04—Pickling; Descaling in solution
- C25F1/06—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
- C25F7/02—Regeneration of process liquids
Definitions
- the scale removal happens in the prefabrication still mechanically by vortex or sandblaster. Residual residual scale, such as the hot-melt scale resulting from intermediate and final annealing in the further production process, is pickled up or removed by pickling during a chemical process, while several acid baths pass through the skin-covered strip.
- the pickling agent is a preheated acid mixture (mixed acid) of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid diluted with water.
- the effectiveness of the individual pickling baths depends on a specific ratio of the oxidizing HNO 3 (nitric acid) to the dissolving effect of HF (hydrofluoric acid) and has a decisive influence on a high quality surface of the endless belts or plates. Analytical pickling bath regulation with its quality-improving and cost-saving options is therefore of great importance.
- the scale composition is shown very simplified in this chemical reaction (2).
- the stoichiometric molar indication of the acids are not reached in practice and are therefore to be considered purely theoretical.
- the oxygen concentration in the nitric acid (HNO 3 ) is essential for the transition from the oxidic form to the salt-soluble form of the cations in water of dilute acid.
- urea urea
- FJ_NO 3 NOX (nitrous oxide ) in the pickling cycle Gases
- NOX gas nitrogen gases
- urea is added to the pickling tank.
- the resulting NOX gas is oxidized to NO 2 .
- the resulting NO 2 forms HNO 2 with water and then HNO 3 and can be reused as mixed acid.
- HNO3 has to be replaced in part because NOX - formation, HNO 3 is lost.
- Anodic Oxidation In order to take the HNO3 out of the system and still be able to pickle stainless steel, the necessary oxidant, oxygen (O 2 ) is generated by electric current, directly at the anode (steel strip or steel plate) and thus replaced.
- the cathode is made of lead, graphite or stainless steel.
- the acid solution (HF - water) serves here as a transport medium of the electrical direct current as in the electroplating technique, and at the same time as a pickling solution for the descaling of the stainless steel surface.
- the current is preferably given up pulsating, can also be applied continuously.
- the generation of oxygen at the anode (steel strip or steel plate) thus replaces the HNO 3 and the HF can as described in the chemical formula form the metal complexes and thus free the surface of the stainless steel or carbon steel from the scale.
- Oxidizing agent It is possible to add H 2 O 2 (hydrogen peroxide) or to produce it via an ozone generator O 3 (ozone), and to direct it into the pickling tank so that the necessary oxygen is additionally introduced into the system.
- H 2 O 2 hydrogen peroxide
- O 3 ozone
- Air bubbling Air is passed through a pump directly through a ventilation rail or two-fluid nozzle into the pickling bath and thus brings in additional oxygen, while the acid solution (HF - water) is mixed very intensively and thus generates turbulence on the stainless steel surface, which for the pickling process is beneficial.
- Conducting salt A conducting salt in the form of a nitrate salt (for example: NaNO 3 sodium nitrate or NaSO 4 sodium sulfate) or an organic salt is also added. The conductivity of the bath is thus increased, thereby the current is more easily passed through the acid solution or the band.
- a nitrate salt for example: NaNO 3 sodium nitrate or NaSO 4 sodium sulfate
- organic salt is also added. The conductivity of the bath is thus increased, thereby the current is more easily passed through the acid solution or the band.
- Regeneration Through this innovation, the regeneration of used waste acid is greatly facilitated. Spray drying, spray roasting or crystallization of the spent acid solution and subsequent roasting of the fluoride salts to metal oxides with simultaneous recovery of the HF gases up to the azeotropic point of the hydrofluoric acid or isothermal recovery of the gases under the condensation of the HF gas.
- a 3-valent iron salt such as Fenton reagent in the pickling bath can be added, so that it comes to a faster reaction of the pickling.
- the ENT 3 is 100% replaced, therefore, no purchase of HNO 3 more necessary urea is eliminated, therefore, no more purchase necessary. NO NOX development in the pickling room, therefore no health risk. All metering, monitoring and tank units or pumps for HNO 3 and urea are eliminated. Great cost savings. Very simple and uncomplicated regeneration of the resulting waste acid possible. Accurate compliance with the concentration of the pickling bath possible, thereby increasing the quality of the surface of the steel strip or plate. Very simplified driving of pickling and regeneration possible. It can be used to pickle stainless steels as well as carbon steels
- the used waste acid is sprayed over the top of a preheated cylindrical reactor. Due to the increase in temperature (up to approx. 250 ° C) and simultaneous spraying of the used acid, the free and bound HF and water are removed as gas from the system, whereby metal oxides (Fe2O3, Cr2O3 and NiO) are formed simultaneously and by gravity into the cone fall and be discharged from the reactor.
- metal oxides Fe2O3, Cr2O3 and NiO
- the HF gas and water vapor is recovered via a gas scrub adiapathic (saturated acid concentration compared to the gas space).
- An isothermal process can also be used, in which case condensation energy must be applied. If the acid concentration is correspondingly high, it can be diluted again to the desired concentration with water (for example rinse water from the pickle) and fed to the pickling process.
- water for example rinse water from the pickle
- the waste acid is simply but efficiently concentrated via heat supply in a Kunststoffstof ⁇ theoryer.
- the resulting crystals, consisting of metal fluorides are, after the filtration of these crystals in an indirectly heated reactor (rotary kiln) converted to metal oxides, the gas fraction consists of HF and water, which can be recovered in an absorption column, analogously as described above.
- the recovery rate of the HF fraction is> 98.5%
- the regenerated acid has a metal concentration ⁇ 5 g metal / 1 Chemical cost reduction No sludge residues posing a significant environmental problem Improvement of surface quality, thanks to constant acid concentration Lowest neutralization cost No nitrate in wastewater No harmful NOX emissions during pickling No harmful NOX emissions during regeneration No pollution from nitrous gases during pickling and regeneration Easy - to - use plant Maintenance times considerably shorter Cost - efficient plant Payback in the shortest possible time
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Verfahren zum Beizen von Stählen und Regeneration deren Beizlösungen Process for pickling steels and regenerating their pickling solutions
Stand der Technik im Beizverfahren von Edelstahl:State of the art in the pickling process of stainless steel:
Zur Erzielung eines guten Reinheitsgrades kaltgewalzter rost- und säurebeständiger Bänder muss ihre Oberfläche im Gang der Weiterverarbeitung von anhaftenden Oxidschichten dem Zunder, der sich bei vorausgegangener Wärmebehandlung bildete, befreit werden. Die Zunderentfernung geschieht in der Vorfertigung noch mechanisch durch Wirbel- oder Sandstrahler. Verbleibender Restzunder wie der im weiteren Produktionsablauf aus Zwischen- und Fertigglühen resultierenden Glühzunder wird durch einen chemischen Vorgang das Beizen, während des Durchlaufens der zunderbedeckten Bänder durch mehrere Säurebäder auf- bzw. abgelöst. Als Beizmittel dient ein vorgewärmtes Säuregemisch (Mischsäure) aus mit Wasser verdünnter Salpetersäure und Flusssäure.In order to achieve a good degree of purity of cold-rolled stainless and acid-resistant tapes, their surface must be freed from the scale formed during previous heat treatment in the course of further processing of adhering oxide layers. The scale removal happens in the prefabrication still mechanically by vortex or sandblaster. Residual residual scale, such as the hot-melt scale resulting from intermediate and final annealing in the further production process, is pickled up or removed by pickling during a chemical process, while several acid baths pass through the skin-covered strip. The pickling agent is a preheated acid mixture (mixed acid) of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid diluted with water.
Die Wirksamkeit der einzelnen Beizbäder ist von einem bestimmten Verhältnis der oxidierenden HNO3 (Salpetersäure) mit der lösenden Wirkung der HF (Flusssäure) abhängig und hat entscheidenden Einfluss auf eine hochwertige Oberfläche der endlosen Bänder oder Platten. Eine analytische Beizbadregulierung ist mit ihren qualitätsverbessernden wie auch kostensparenden Möglichkeiten daher von großer Bedeutung.The effectiveness of the individual pickling baths depends on a specific ratio of the oxidizing HNO 3 (nitric acid) to the dissolving effect of HF (hydrofluoric acid) and has a decisive influence on a high quality surface of the endless belts or plates. Analytical pickling bath regulation with its quality-improving and cost-saving options is therefore of great importance.
Der traditionelle Weg vom Beizen jener Oberflächen wird mittels HF (Flusssäure) und HNO3 (Salpetersäure) - Gemische in verschiedensten Konzentrationen und Verhältnissen durchgeführt. Hierbei wird die Edelstahloberfläche durch mehrere Beizwannen geführt, in welcher die chemische Reaktion (1) und somit die Entzunderung der Oberfläche vonstatten geht.The traditional way of pickling those surfaces is by means of HF (hydrofluoric acid) and HNO 3 (nitric acid) mixtures in various concentrations and ratios. Here, the stainless steel surface is passed through several pickling baths, in which the chemical reaction (1) and thus the descaling of the surface takes place.
(1) FeO(s) + 3 HN03(aq) => Fe(NO3)3(aq) + 1,5 O2(g) ft Fe(NO3)3(aq) + 3 HF(aq) =-> FeF3(aq.) + 3 HNO3(aq) FeO(s) + NO3 "(g) => Fe2O3(aqu. s) + NO2(g) + NO(g) ft (NOX)(g)ft Fe2O3(aqu. S) + 6 HF(aq) + HNO3(aq) => 2 FeF3(aq ) + 3 H2O(aq) + NO2(g) fϊ(1) FeO (s) + 3HNO 3 (aq) => Fe (NO 3 ) 3 (aq ) + 1.5 O 2 (g) ft Fe (NO 3 ) 3 (a q) + 3 HF (aq) = -> FeF 3 ( a q ) + 3 HNO 3 (a q) FeO (s) + NO 3 " ( g ) => Fe 2 O 3 (aqu.s ) + NO 2 ( g) + NO (g ) ft (NOX) (g ) ft Fe 2 O 3 (aqu . S ) + 6 HF (aq) + HNO 3 (aq ) => 2 FeF 3 (aq) + 3 H 2 O (aq) + NO 2 ( g ) fϊ
Cr2O3(s) + 6 HNO3 aq) = 2Cr(NO3)3(aq) + 3 H2O(aq) Cr(NO3)3(aq) + 3 HF(aq) => CrF3(aq) + 3 HNO3(aq) NiO(S) + 2 HF(aq) => NiF2(aq) H2O(aq) NiF2(aq) + 2 HNO3(aq) => Ni(N03)2(aq) + 2 HF(aq) Cr 2 O 3 (s) + 6 HNO 3 aq) = 2Cr (NO 3 ) 3 (aq) + 3 H 2 O (aq) Cr (NO 3 ) 3 (aq) + 3 HF (aq) => CrF 3 (aq) + 3HNO 3 (aq) NiO (S) + 2 HF (aq) => NiF 2 (aq) H 2 O (aq) NiF 2 (aq) + 2 HNO 3 (aq) => Ni (NO 3 ) 2 (aq ) + 2 HF (aq)
2 NO3(g) NO2 + NO® NOX - Gas fr2 NO 3 ( g) NO 2 + NO NOX - gas fr
Die Summenformel (2) lautet, ohne Berücksichtigung der zwangsweise anfallenden Zwischenprodukte der Nitratsalze und NOX („ _tatu nascendi), daher:The sum formula (2), without taking into account the compulsory intermediate products of the nitrate salts and NOX ("_tatu nascendi), is therefore:
(2) Fe2O3(s) + Cr2O3(s) + NiO(s) + 8 HF(aq) + 6 HNO3(aq) => 2 FeF3(aq) + 2 CrCNOa cq) + NiF2(aq) + 7H2O(aq)(2) Fe 2 O 3 (s) + Cr 2 O 3 (s) + NiO (s) + 8 HF (aq) + 6 HNO 3 (aq) => 2 FeF 3 (aq) + 2 CrCNOa cq) + NiF 2 (aq) + 7H 2 O (aq )
Die Zunderzusammensetzung ist in dieser chemischen Reaktion (2) sehr vereinfacht dargestellt. Die stöchiometrische Molangabe der Säuren werden in der Praxis nicht erreicht und sind daher nur rein theoretisch zu betrachten. Wie man aus der oben genannten chemischen Reaktion (2) erkennen kann ist die Sauerstofϊkonzentration in der Salpetersäure (HNO3), für den Übergang von der oxidischen Form in die salzlösliche Form der Kationen in Wasser verdünnter Säure von essentieller Bedeutung.The scale composition is shown very simplified in this chemical reaction (2). The stoichiometric molar indication of the acids are not reached in practice and are therefore to be considered purely theoretical. As can be seen from the above-mentioned chemical reaction (2), the oxygen concentration in the nitric acid (HNO 3 ) is essential for the transition from the oxidic form to the salt-soluble form of the cations in water of dilute acid.
Das bedeutet für den Beizvorgang der Edelstahloberflächen, dass der Sauerstoff der in der HNO3 (Salpetersäure) vorhanden ist, unbedingt notwendig ist um die Kationen wie Eisen (Fe) und Chrom (Cr) in die 3 - wertige und Nickel (Ni) in die 2- wertige Form zu überführen. Erst danach ist es möglich die Nitratsalze, wie Cr(NO3)3, Fe(NO3)3 und Ni(NO3)2 in Säuremedien wie HF als Metallfluoride wie, CrF3, FeF3 und NiF2, zu lösen und somit den Zunder von der Edelstahloberfläche abzutragen bzw. aufzulösen.This means for the pickling process of the stainless steel surfaces, that the oxygen which is present in the HNO3 (nitric acid) is absolutely necessary to convert the cations such as iron (Fe) and chromium (Cr) into the 3 - valent and nickel (Ni) into the 2 - to transfer valuable form. Only then is it possible to dissolve the nitrate salts such as Cr (NO 3 ) 3 , Fe (NO 3 ) 3 and Ni (NO 3 ) 2 in acid media such as HF as metal fluorides such as CrF 3 , FeF 3 and NiF 2 , and thus the Remove scale from the stainless steel surface or dissolve it.
Durch Temperatureinwirkung in den Beizbädern kommt es während des Beizvorganges immer wieder zu den sehr unangenehmen und auch umweltbelastenden Reaktionen des NO3 " Anion zur NOX- Bildung.Due to the effect of temperature in the pickling baths, during the pickling process, the very unpleasant and also polluting reactions of the NO 3 " anion for NO x formation repeatedly occur.
Um dies zu verhindern wird üblicherweise Harnstoff (Urea) in die Beizbäder zugesetzt, dadurch wird das sich bildende NOX zumindest zu einem Teil wieder zu NO2 oxidiert und kann in weiterer Folge als FJ_NO3 wiederverwendet werden, jedoch um wiederum im Beizzyklus zu NOX (nitrose Gase) reagieren. Der Nachteil solch einer Fahrweise der Beizereien besteht darin, dass die Kosten das NOX zu oxidieren relativ hoch sind.In order to prevent this, urea (urea) is usually added to the pickling baths, as a result of which the NOX which forms is at least partially oxidized back to NO 2 and can subsequently be reused as FJ_NO 3 , but again to NOX (nitrous oxide ) in the pickling cycle Gases) react. The disadvantage of such pickling operations is that the cost of oxidizing NOX is relatively high.
Auch ist beim Einsatz von HNO3 in der Mischsäure immer wieder zu beobachten, dass es zu Nitrat und Nitritsalz - Schlammbildung in den einzelnen Vorratstanks kommt und dieser schwer aus dem Beizsystem zu bringen ist. Außerdem wird durch diese Schlammbildung der Säurezukauf von HNO3 unumgänglich.Also, when using HNO 3 in mixed acid it can be observed again and again that nitrate and nitrite salt - sludge formation in the individual storage tanks occurs and this is difficult to remove from the pickling system. In addition, the accumulation of acid by HNO 3 is unavoidable due to this sludge formation.
Die so verbrauchte Mischsäure wird nun neutralisiert oder regeneriert. Die Regeneration stellt jedoch ein erhebliches technisches Problem dar, für das die HNO3 zuständig ist. Diese Technologie ist teuer und kompliziert.The thus consumed mixed acid is now neutralized or regenerated. Regeneration, however, is a significant technical problem for which ENT 3 is responsible. This technology is expensive and complicated.
Nachteile:Disadvantage:
Während des Beizens wir durch die Temperatureinwirkung NOX - Gas (nitrose Gase) entwickelt. Das bedeutet, es zerfällt die HNO3 (Salpetersäure) zu NO, NO2, N2O , N2O4,During pickling, we develop NOX gas (nitrous gases) by the action of temperature. This means that the HNO 3 (nitric acid) decomposes into NO, NO 2 , N 2 O, N 2 O 4 ,
N2O, N2O5, etc., oder eine Mischung daraus, welches als braunes Gas zu sehen und zu riechen ist und als gesundheitsgefährdend sich darstellt.N 2 O, N 2 O 5 , etc., or a mixture thereof, which is to be seen as a brown gas and to smell and represents a health hazard.
Nun wird, um die Entwicklung von NOX zu unterdrücken, Urea (Harnstoff) ins Beizbecken zugesetzt. Durch den Zusatz von Harnstoff wird das entstehende NOX - Gas zu NO2 oxidiert. Das entstehende NO2 bildet mit Wasser HNO2 und danach HNO3 und kann als Mischsäure wieder verwendet werden.Now, to suppress the development of NOX, urea is added to the pickling tank. By adding urea, the resulting NOX gas is oxidized to NO 2 . The resulting NO 2 forms HNO 2 with water and then HNO 3 and can be reused as mixed acid.
■ NOX Produktion ist giftig und umweltbelastend ■ NOX production is toxic and polluting
■ Entsprechend hoher Harnstoff- Verbrauch, um das entstehende NOX zu reduzieren ■ Accordingly high urea consumption to reduce the resulting NOX
■ HNO3 muss zum Teil ersetzt werden, da über die NOX - Bildung, HNO3 verloren geht. ■ HNO3 has to be replaced in part because NOX - formation, HNO 3 is lost.
■ Tanks bzw. Dosiereinheiten für den Harnstoff und Messeinheiten zur Kontrolle der NOX - Bildung sind notwendig. ■ Urea tanks and metering units and NOX measurement control units are required.
■ Die Regeneration der Altsäure (Mischsäure) ist nur unter Einhaltung großer technischer Aufwendungen möglich und regeneriert die HNO3 nur zu einem relativ kleinen Prozentsatz. Innovation des Beizen von Stählen ■ The regeneration of used acid (mixed acid) is only possible if major technical expenses are met and regenerates ENT 3 only to a relatively small percentage. Innovation of pickling steels
Verfahren zum Beizen von Stählen mittels anodischer Oxidation und anschließender Regeneration deren BeizlösungenProcess for pickling steels by means of anodic oxidation and subsequent regeneration of their pickling solutions
1. Anodische Oxidation: Um die HNO3 aus dem System zu nehmen und trotzdem Edelstahl beizen zu können, wird dafür das notwendige Oxidationsmittel, Sauerstoff (O2) durch elektrischen Strom, direkt an der Anode (Stahlband oder Stahlplatte) erzeugt und somit ersetzt. Die Kathode besteht aus Blei, Graphit oder Edelstahl. Die Säurelösung (HF - Wasser) dient hier als Transportmedium des elektrischen Gleichstromes wie in der Galvanotechnik, und gleichzeitig als Beizlösung zur Entzunderung der Edelstahloberfläche. Der Strom wird vorzugsweise pulsierend aufgegeben, kann auch kontinuierlich beaufschlagt werden. Die Erzeugung des Sauerstoffes an der Anode (Stahlband oder Stahlplatte) ersetzt somit die HNO3 und die HF kann wie unter der chemischen Summenformel beschrieben, die Metallkomplexe bilden und somit die Oberfläche des Edelstahls oder C-Stahl vom Zunder befreien. chemische Summenformel:1. Anodic Oxidation: In order to take the HNO3 out of the system and still be able to pickle stainless steel, the necessary oxidant, oxygen (O 2 ) is generated by electric current, directly at the anode (steel strip or steel plate) and thus replaced. The cathode is made of lead, graphite or stainless steel. The acid solution (HF - water) serves here as a transport medium of the electrical direct current as in the electroplating technique, and at the same time as a pickling solution for the descaling of the stainless steel surface. The current is preferably given up pulsating, can also be applied continuously. The generation of oxygen at the anode (steel strip or steel plate) thus replaces the HNO 3 and the HF can as described in the chemical formula form the metal complexes and thus free the surface of the stainless steel or carbon steel from the scale. chemical formula:
Fe2θ3(s) + Cr2θ3(s) + NiO(s) + 14 HF(aq) + 3 O2(jn statu nascendi) => 2 FeF3(aq ) + 2 CrF3(aq) + NiF2(aq) + 7 H2O(aq) + 3 O2 (g)üFe 2 O 3 (s) + Cr 2 O 3 ( s ) + NiO ( s ) + 14 HF (aq) + 3 O 2 (statu nascendi) => 2 FeF 3 (aq ) + 2 CrF 3 (aq) + NiF 2 (aq) + 7 H 2 O (aq) + 3 O 2 (g )
2. Oxidationsmittel : Möglich ist es H2O2 (Wasserstoffperoxyd) zuzusetzen bzw. über einen Ozongenerator O3 (Ozon) zu erzeugen, und dieses ins Beizbecken zu leiten damit zusätzlich der notwendige Sauerstoff ins System eingebracht wird.2. Oxidizing agent: It is possible to add H 2 O 2 (hydrogen peroxide) or to produce it via an ozone generator O 3 (ozone), and to direct it into the pickling tank so that the necessary oxygen is additionally introduced into the system.
3. Lufteinperlung: Luft wird über eine Pumpe direkt über eine Belüftungsschiene oder Zweistoffdüse ins Beizbad geleitet und bringt somit noch zusätzlich Sauerstoff ein, dabei wird die Säurelösung (HF - Wasser) sehr intensiv durchgemischt und erzeugt somit Turbulenzen an der Edelstahloberfläche, welche für den Beizvorgang von Vorteil ist.3. Air bubbling: Air is passed through a pump directly through a ventilation rail or two-fluid nozzle into the pickling bath and thus brings in additional oxygen, while the acid solution (HF - water) is mixed very intensively and thus generates turbulence on the stainless steel surface, which for the pickling process is beneficial.
4. Leitsalz: Es wird noch ein Leitsalz in Form eines Nitratsalzes (z.B.: NaNO3 Natriumnitrat oder NaSO4 Natriumsulfat) oder eines organisches Salzes zugesetzt. Die Leitfähigkeit des Bades wird damit erhöht, dadurch wird der Strom leichter durch die Säurelösung bzw. das Band geleitet.4. Conducting salt: A conducting salt in the form of a nitrate salt (for example: NaNO 3 sodium nitrate or NaSO 4 sodium sulfate) or an organic salt is also added. The conductivity of the bath is thus increased, thereby the current is more easily passed through the acid solution or the band.
5. Regeneration: Durch diese Innovation wird die Regeneration der verbrauchten Altsäure extrem erleichtert. Sprühtrocknung, Sprühröstung bzw. Kristallisation der verbrauchten Säurelösung und anschließender Röstung der Fluoridsalze zu Metalloxide mit gleichzeitiger Rückgewinnung der HF - Gase bis zum azeotropen Punkt der Flusssäure oder Isotherme Rückgewinnung der Gase unter der Kondensation des HF - Gases.5. Regeneration: Through this innovation, the regeneration of used waste acid is greatly facilitated. Spray drying, spray roasting or crystallization of the spent acid solution and subsequent roasting of the fluoride salts to metal oxides with simultaneous recovery of the HF gases up to the azeotropic point of the hydrofluoric acid or isothermal recovery of the gases under the condensation of the HF gas.
6. Startreagenz: Um die Beizwirkung zu starten kann ein 3-wertiges Eisensalz, wie z.B. Fentonreagenz ins Beizbad zugesetzt werden, sodass es zur schnelleren Reaktion des Beizens kommt. Vorteile der Erfindung: Die HNO3 wird zu 100 % ersetzt, daher kein Ankauf von HNO3 mehr notwendig Harnstoff fällt weg, daher kein Ankauf mehr notwendig. Keine NOX - Entwicklung im Beizraum, dadurch keine Gesundheitsgefährdung. Sämtliche Dosier-, Uberwachungs- und Tankeinheiten bzw. Pumpen für HNO3 und Harnstoff fallen weg. Große Kostenersparnis. Sehr einfache und unkomplizierte Regeneration der entstehenden Altsäure möglich. Genaue Einhaltung der Konzentration des Beizbades möglich, dadurch Steigerung der Qualität der Oberfläche des Stahlbandes bzw. Platte. Sehr vereinfachte Fahrweise des Beizens und Regenerierens möglich. Es können Edelstahle als auch C-Stähle damit gebeizt werden 6. Starter Reaction: To start the pickling action, a 3-valent iron salt, such as Fenton reagent in the pickling bath can be added, so that it comes to a faster reaction of the pickling. Advantages of the Invention: The ENT 3 is 100% replaced, therefore, no purchase of HNO 3 more necessary urea is eliminated, therefore, no more purchase necessary. NO NOX development in the pickling room, therefore no health risk. All metering, monitoring and tank units or pumps for HNO 3 and urea are eliminated. Great cost savings. Very simple and uncomplicated regeneration of the resulting waste acid possible. Accurate compliance with the concentration of the pickling bath possible, thereby increasing the quality of the surface of the steel strip or plate. Very simplified driving of pickling and regeneration possible. It can be used to pickle stainless steels as well as carbon steels
Innovation der Regeneration der AltsäurenInnovation of regeneration of used acids
Wenn die Säure (HF - Wasser) soweit verbraucht ist, das kein Metall mehr gebunden werden kann und dadurch es zu keiner Beizwirkung kommt, so besteht diese Altsäure aus Metallfluoridkomplexen, freier HF und Wasser.If the acid (HF - water) is used up so far, that no more metal can be bound and thereby it comes to no pickling effect, then this old acid consists of metal fluoride complexes, free HF and water.
Nun stehen für die Regeneration dieser Altsäure verschiedene Möglichkeiten zur Verfügung. Es werden hier drei Varianten der Verfahren beschrieben.Now there are various possibilities for the regeneration of this waste acid. Three variants of the methods are described here.
SPRÜHTROCKNUNGSPRAY DRYING
Die verbrauchte Altsäure wird über das obere Ende eines vorgeheizten, zylindrischen Reaktors eingesprüht. Durch die Temperatursteigerung (bis ca. 250°C) und gleichzeitiger Versprühung der Altsäure, wird die freie und gebundene HF und Wasser als Gas aus dem System entfernt, wobei gleichzeitig Metalloxide (Fe2O3, Cr2O3 und NiO) entstehen und durch die Schwerkraft in den Konus fallen und aus dem Reaktor ausgetragen werden.The used waste acid is sprayed over the top of a preheated cylindrical reactor. Due to the increase in temperature (up to approx. 250 ° C) and simultaneous spraying of the used acid, the free and bound HF and water are removed as gas from the system, whereby metal oxides (Fe2O3, Cr2O3 and NiO) are formed simultaneously and by gravity into the cone fall and be discharged from the reactor.
Das HF - Gas und Wasserdampf wird über eine Gaswäsche adiapathisch (gesättigte Säurekonzentration gegenüber dem Gasraum) zurückgewonnen.The HF gas and water vapor is recovered via a gas scrub adiapathic (saturated acid concentration compared to the gas space).
Ein isothermes Verfahren kann auch angewendet werden, wobei hier Kondensationsenergie aufgebracht werden muss. Ist die Säurekonzentration entsprechend hoch kann mit Wasser (z.B.: Spülwasser aus der Beize) wieder auf gewünschte Konzentration verdünnt und dem Beizprozess zugeführt werden.An isothermal process can also be used, in which case condensation energy must be applied. If the acid concentration is correspondingly high, it can be diluted again to the desired concentration with water (for example rinse water from the pickle) and fed to the pickling process.
SPRÜHRÖSTUNGspray roasting
Erfolgt analog zur Sprühtrocknung, jedoch mit höheren Reaktortemperaturen bis zu 450°C am Ofenkopf. Die Rückgewinnung der Säure erfolgt wie bei der Sprühtrocknung beschrieben.Similar to spray drying, but with higher reactor temperatures up to 450 ° C at the furnace head. The recovery of the acid is carried out as described in the spray drying.
KRISTALLISATIONCrystallization
Hier wird die Altsäure einfach aber effizient über Wärmezuführung in einem Kunststofϊbehälter einkonzentriert. Die entstehenden Kristalle, bestehend aus Metallfluoriden, werden, nach der Filtration dieser Kristalle in einem indirekt beheizten Reaktor (Drehrohrofen) zu Metalloxiden übergeführt, der Gasanteil besteht aus HF und Wasser, welcher in einer Absorptionskolonne wieder zurückgewonnen werden kann, analog wie oben beschrieben. Here, the waste acid is simply but efficiently concentrated via heat supply in a Kunststofϊbehälter. The resulting crystals, consisting of metal fluorides are, after the filtration of these crystals in an indirectly heated reactor (rotary kiln) converted to metal oxides, the gas fraction consists of HF and water, which can be recovered in an absorption column, analogously as described above.
Vorteile der Erfindung: Die Rückgewinnungsrate des HF Anteils liegt > 98,5 % Die regenerierte Säure hat ein Metallkonzentration < als 5 g Metall/1 Kostensenkung der Chemikalien Keine Schlammrückstände die ein erhebliches Umweltproblem darstellen Verbesserung der Oberflächenqualität, dank der konstanten Säurekonzentration Geringste Neutralisationskosten Kein Nitrat im Abwasser Keine Gesundheitsgefährdende NOX - Emission während des Beizen Keine Gesundheitsgefährdende NOX - Emission während des Regenerieren Keine Umweltbelastung durch nitrose Gase während des Beizens und Regenerierens Leicht zu bedienende Anlage Wartungszeiten wesentlich kürzer Kostengünstige Anlage Amortisation in kürzester Zeit Advantages of the Invention: The recovery rate of the HF fraction is> 98.5% The regenerated acid has a metal concentration <5 g metal / 1 Chemical cost reduction No sludge residues posing a significant environmental problem Improvement of surface quality, thanks to constant acid concentration Lowest neutralization cost No nitrate in wastewater No harmful NOX emissions during pickling No harmful NOX emissions during regeneration No pollution from nitrous gases during pickling and regeneration Easy - to - use plant Maintenance times considerably shorter Cost - efficient plant Payback in the shortest possible time
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA417/2004 | 2004-03-10 | ||
| AT4172004 | 2004-03-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005085502A1 true WO2005085502A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
Family
ID=34916793
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/AT2004/000111 Ceased WO2005085502A1 (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2004-03-30 | Method for pickling steels and regenerating pickling solutions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2005085502A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT523081A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-05-15 | David Dr Techn Konlechner | Pickling of steels using a membrane |
| US20220316072A1 (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-10-06 | Chevron Australia Pty Ltd. | Use of focused accelerated corrosion for metal decommissioning |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1082409A (en) * | 1963-12-04 | 1967-09-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | An electrolytic descaling solution |
| DE1802183A1 (en) * | 1968-10-10 | 1970-04-23 | Bayer Ag | Pre treatment of steel sheets for single layer enamell - ing |
| DE3937438A1 (en) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-08-30 | Krupp Stahl Ag | Descaling steel by pickling - using fluoric acid soln. contg. ferric ions and electrolytically producing nascent oxygen in soln. to reoxidise ferrous ions |
| EP1215306A1 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-19 | United Technologies Corporation | Coating removal system |
| US20030075456A1 (en) * | 2000-01-17 | 2003-04-24 | John Collins | Electrolytic treatment |
-
2004
- 2004-03-30 WO PCT/AT2004/000111 patent/WO2005085502A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1082409A (en) * | 1963-12-04 | 1967-09-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | An electrolytic descaling solution |
| DE1802183A1 (en) * | 1968-10-10 | 1970-04-23 | Bayer Ag | Pre treatment of steel sheets for single layer enamell - ing |
| DE3937438A1 (en) * | 1989-02-23 | 1990-08-30 | Krupp Stahl Ag | Descaling steel by pickling - using fluoric acid soln. contg. ferric ions and electrolytically producing nascent oxygen in soln. to reoxidise ferrous ions |
| US20030075456A1 (en) * | 2000-01-17 | 2003-04-24 | John Collins | Electrolytic treatment |
| EP1215306A1 (en) * | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-19 | United Technologies Corporation | Coating removal system |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT523081A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-05-15 | David Dr Techn Konlechner | Pickling of steels using a membrane |
| AT523081B1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-02-15 | David Dr Techn Konlechner | Pickling steels using a membrane |
| US20220316072A1 (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-10-06 | Chevron Australia Pty Ltd. | Use of focused accelerated corrosion for metal decommissioning |
| WO2022214979A1 (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2022-10-13 | Chevron Australia Pty Ltd | The use of focused accelerated corrosion for metal decommissioning |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AT395312B (en) | METHOD FOR RECOVERY OR RECOVERY OF ACID FROM METAL SOLUTIONS OF THIS ACID | |
| AT508774B1 (en) | METHOD OF GAINING BZW. RECOVERY OF SALPETIC ACID AND FLUIC ACID FROM SOLUTIONS OF STAINLESS STEEL INSERTS | |
| DE3588013T3 (en) | Process for acid pickling steel, especially stainless steel. | |
| DE3933206A1 (en) | METHOD FOR THE RESIDUAL REMOVAL OF NITRITES AND NITRATES FROM AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION | |
| EP1521864B1 (en) | Method and device for recycling metal pickling baths | |
| AT412001B (en) | METHOD FOR RECOVERY OR RECOVERY OF ACIDS | |
| EP0063560B1 (en) | Process for the simultaneous purification and detoxication of waste waters or solutions that contain cr (vi) | |
| AT514420B1 (en) | Process and apparatus for the regeneration of hydrochloric acid | |
| WO2005085502A1 (en) | Method for pickling steels and regenerating pickling solutions | |
| DE4122920C2 (en) | ||
| DE69804949T2 (en) | METHOD FOR STAINING PRODUCTS CONTAINING METAL ALLOYS WITHOUT NITERIC ACID AND RECOVERING USED SOLUTIONS AND DEVICE THEREFOR | |
| AT523081B1 (en) | Pickling steels using a membrane | |
| DE10160318A1 (en) | Process for pickling martensitic or ferritic stainless steel | |
| DE3222532C2 (en) | ||
| DE69219072T2 (en) | Process for the continuous pickling of steel material in a treatment line | |
| AT391486B (en) | METHOD FOR ELECTROLYTICALLY STICKING STAINLESS STEEL STRIP | |
| DE3412329C2 (en) | ||
| DE19721135A1 (en) | Process for the surface treatment of treated material made of stainless steel | |
| DE4241726C1 (en) | Metallic mercury@ absorption from waste gas on large scale - by scrubbing with aq oxidant soln forming system with specified redox potential after removing mercuric ions and pref acidic cpds | |
| AT377011B (en) | METHOD FOR TREATING STAINLESS STEELS, COPPER, COLORED METAL ALLOYS, SPECIAL ALLOYS, TITANIUM, ZIRCON OR TANTAL BY MEANS OF Nitric acid pickling bath | |
| DE3725715C2 (en) | Method and device for reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases, preferably in flue gases | |
| EP0814180A1 (en) | Process for treating stainless steel surfaces | |
| WO2007079507A1 (en) | Method for the oxidation of oxidizable exhaust gases with the aid of scrubbing liquid, and corresponding device | |
| DE19850524C2 (en) | Nitrate-free recycling pickling process for stainless steels | |
| DE2042785A1 (en) | Spent pickling bath treatment - with ammonia and hydroxides to prevent pollution |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |