WO2005079990A1 - Shear crusher and crushing method - Google Patents

Abstract

Two rotary shafts (2, 3) for supporting a cutter laterally in a crusher body (1) are provided in parallel, and cutters (7) each provided with a plurality of projecting cutting parts on the outer circumference thereof are arranged in the axial direction of these two rotary shafts (2, 3) such that the cutting parts mesh each other. An opening (9) for charging an article to be crushed (320) is made in the upper part of the crusher body (1) at one axial end part of the rotary shaft and an opening (10) for discharging the article to be crushed (320) is made in the lower part of the crusher body (1) at the other axial end part of the rotary shaft. The article to be crushed (320) is crushed a plurality of times in the crusher body (1) by providing a lateral feed member (14) for feeding the article to be crushed (320), charged in via the opening (9) and crushed by means of the cutters (7), to the discharge opening (310) side.

Description

 Description Shear type crusher and its crushing method [Technical field]

 The present invention relates to a shearing crusher for crushing various crushed objects by a shearing action of a cutting blade, and more particularly to a shearing crusher capable of crushing a crushed object finely and a crushing method thereof. [Background Technology]

 Conventionally, shear-type crushers (shredders) that crush all kinds of crushed materials, such as waste plastics and materials, plastics such as shredder dust, tires and mattresses, wood chips, paper, metal, rubber, fibers, leather, etc. ) It has been known.

 As this type of shear crusher, for example, there is a shear crusher described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 8-323232 previously filed by the present applicant. This shear-type crusher is shown in a plan view showing the shear-type crusher shown in Fig. 19, a side view of a longitudinal section of the shear-type crusher shown in Fig. 20, and XXI in the same figure shown in Fig. 21. — As shown in the XXI cross-sectional view, a plurality of cutting blades 403 are provided alternately so as to sandwich the spacer 404 in the axial direction of the drive shaft 401 and the driven shaft 402. Have been. These cutting edges 400 are, for example, 0.5 mm! The blades 405 are wrapped so that the blades 405 overlap each other with a small gap of about 1 mm. The blade portion 405 provided on the outer periphery of the cutting blade 403 draws in the crushed material 420, and also crushes the crushed material 4202 by a shearing action with the opposing cutting blade 403. Is to crush. Reference numeral 408 denotes a driving machine, which drives both shafts 401 and 402 via a gear mechanism 409.

In addition, on the side of the crusher body 400 of this cutting blade 400, A scraper 407 is provided for scraping off the attached crushed material 420. The scraper 407 is formed in a shape to enter a space between the cutting blade 403 and the spacer 404.

 The crushing of the crushed material by the shearing crusher 400 is performed by inputting the crushed material 420 from an upper portion of the crushing machine main body 406, and crushing the crushed material 4 by a cutting blade 400. 20 are discharged from the bottom.

 However, as described above, in a configuration in which the crushed material 420 that has been thrown in from the upper portion of the crusher main body 406 is discharged from the lower portion as it is, the crushed material 420 Since it is discharged only once after passing through the gap, some crushed materials 420 may be discharged as a long object.

 As a method for reducing the size of the discharged long crushed material 420 to a small particle size, a plurality of shear crushers are juxtaposed, or another fine crusher is grounded at a later stage. Although a method is conceivable, in this case, it is often difficult in practice because the equipment cost increases and the installation space increases.

 Moreover, there are various types of crushed materials 420 that are crushed by such a shearing crusher. For example, in the case of waste plastic or mattress, foreign matter such as metal is mixed in the crushed material. In some cases. Such foreign matter must be removed when the crushed material is recycled.

 In addition, for example, the soft crushed material 420 may be wound around the cutting blade 403 during crushing, and the crushed material 424, which is formed by compression molding, may have a blade portion 400 of the cutting blade 403. May adhere to 5. [Disclosure of the Invention]

The invention of the present application has been made to solve such a problem, and the object to be crushed can be finely divided without a large increase in equipment cost and an increase in installation space. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crusher capable of crushing.

 A shear-type crusher according to the present invention is a shear-type crusher for finely crushing an object to be crushed, wherein a plurality of rotating shafts supporting a cutting blade in a lateral direction in a crusher main body are provided in parallel with each other. A cutting blade provided with a plurality of protruding blade portions on the outer periphery in the axial direction of the plurality of rotating shafts is disposed so that the blade portions are mutually aligned, and a crushing object inlet is provided at an upper portion of the crusher main body. A discharge port for crushed material is provided at a lower portion of the crusher main body, and the crushed material is circulated in the crusher main body in order to finely crush the crushed material input from the input port. The blade is configured to repeat crushing multiple times. As a result, the material to be crushed introduced through the inlet can be circulated in the crusher body and crushed a plurality of times to be finely crushed.

 Further, in this shearing type crusher, in order to repeat the crushing of the crushed object in the crusher main body a plurality of times, a lifting member that lifts the crushed object from the lower portion to the upper portion of the crusher main body is used. If provided, the material to be crushed can be stably lifted up to the upper part of the cutting blade and crushed again.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, in order to repeat the crushing of the crushed object in the crusher main body a plurality of times, the crushed object is covered at a lower portion of the crusher so that the crushed material can be lifted from a lower portion to an upper portion. An inner wall for retaining the crushed material may be formed, and the crushed material may be stably raised from the lower part of the crusher and re-crushed.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, in order to repeatedly crush the crushed object in the crusher main body a plurality of times, the crushed object can be lifted from a lower portion to an upper portion so that the crushed material can be lifted from a lower portion to an upper portion. An inner wall may be formed along the side of the cutting blade so that the material to be crushed is stably raised from the lower part of the crusher and crushed again.

Further, in this shearing type crusher, an inner wall in which a lower portion of the crusher main body is formed in an arc shape provided with a predetermined gap from an arc drawn by the tip of the cutting edge of the cutting blade. If the material to be crushed can be lifted from the lower part of the crusher body to the upper part, the material to be crushed can be lifted along the inner wall by the cutting blade.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, the lifting member is rotated together with the cutting blade, and a lifting protrusion or a lifting portion that projects from the tip of the cutting blade and lifts the object to be crushed. With the use of the blade, the crushed material can be stably lifted at the protruding portion.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, a discharge port for discharging the crushed material finely divided by the plurality of crushing operations to the outside of the crusher main body is provided at a lower portion or a side portion of the crusher main body, and an opening / closing door is provided at the discharge port. If it is provided, the amount of crushed material discharged can be adjusted by the opening degree of the door.

 Further, in this shearing type crusher, the degree of opening of the opening and closing door is adjusted by providing a crushing state of the object to be crushed, or a load power of the rotating shaft, or a control device for adjusting at regular time intervals. Then, the discharge amount can be adjusted according to the crushing state of the crushed material.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, the position of the discharge port is shifted in the axial direction of the rotation axis with respect to the position of the input port, in order to finely crush the object to be crushed in the crusher main body, If the crushed material is lifted from the lower portion to the upper portion and crushed a plurality of times while being laterally fed from the input port side to the discharge port side, the crushed material input from the input port is crushed in the crusher body. It can be finely crushed by crushing multiple times while traversing.

 Further, in this shearing crusher, if an opening having a predetermined aperture is provided below the input port of the crusher main body, a small crushed material is removed at the lower part of the input port, and the remaining portion is laterally fed to the crusher. It can be crushed several times.

Further, in this shearing type crusher, the lower part of the crusher main body is configured to be openable and closable as a damper gate, and the amount of crushed material discharged from the damper gate is adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing amount of the damper gate. Configured to allow Then, the finely crushed material to be crushed can be traversed while being discharged from the damper gate, and the entire amount can be finely crushed.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, in order to laterally feed the crushed material from the input port side to the discharge port side, from the lower portion of the input port side to the upper portion of the discharge port side on the inner wall of the crusher main body. If a spiral traverse member for feeding the crushed object is provided, the crushed object can be stably sent to the upper portion on the discharge port side along the traverse member to be repeatedly crushed.

 Further, in this shearing type crusher, if the helical traverse member is constituted by a helical projection member for traverse feed provided substantially up to the upper end position of the cutting blade on the inner wall of the crusher main body, The crushed object can be lifted up to the upper end position of the cutting blade by the spiral projection member.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, the crushed material is rotated together with the cutting blade to traverse the crushed material from the input port side to the discharge port side, and is protruded from the tip of the cutting blade and discharged from a lower portion of the input port side. By providing a lifting member that lifts the crushed object toward the upper part on the side, the crushed object can be more reliably lifted toward the upper part of the cutting blade on the discharge port side.

 Further, in this shearing type crusher, if the lifting member is formed with an inclined lifting blade portion whose front surface in the rotation direction feeds the object to be crushed laterally toward the discharge port side, An object can be sent to the discharge outlet side while being lifted by the lifting blade.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, if the arrangement of the blade portion of the cutting blade is a spiral arrangement in which the object to be crushed is laterally fed from the input port side to the discharge port side by rotating, the rotation is achieved. The crushed material can be sent to the discharge port side by the cutting blade.

Further, in the shearing type crusher, the crusher body is inclined by arranging the input side of the crusher main body at a position higher than the discharge outlet side, and crushing is performed using the inclination of the crusher main body. Feed the material from the input side to the discharge side May be configured.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, the thickness of the cutting blade on the discharge port side is configured to be smaller than the thickness of the cutting blade on the input port side, and the size of the crushed material on the discharge port side is reduced. You may make it fine.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, the number of blades of the cutting blade on the discharge port side is configured to be larger than the number of blade portions of the cutting blade on the input port side. The size of the crushed material may be made finer, and the number of times of crushing of the material to be crushed at the discharge port side may be made larger than that at the input port side.

 Further, in the shearing-type crusher, the diameter of the cutting blade on the discharge port side is configured to be smaller than the diameter of the cutting blade on the input port side, and the thickness of the cutting blade on the discharge port side is set to the cutting on the input port side. If the crush size is made finer by making it thinner than the blade thickness, a large crushed material is crushed with a large diameter cutting blade at the input port, and the crushed crushed material is sent to the discharge port side. However, it can be broken with a small-diameter cutting blade.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, the outlet provided at the lower portion of the crusher main body can be changed to an arbitrary portion between the lower portion of the inlet and the outlet shifted in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. For example, the crushed material can be discharged according to the crushing size.

 Further, in this shearing crusher, a slide gate capable of sliding in the axial direction of the rotation shaft is provided at the discharge port, and the discharge port is opened at an arbitrary position opened by sliding the slide gate. Even if it is configured so that it can be formed, the material to be crushed can be discharged according to the crushing size.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, a closable foreign matter discharge port for discharging foreign matter mixed into the crushed material to the outside of the crusher is provided at a lower portion or a side portion of the crusher main body, thereby mixing the crushed material with the crushed material. The foreign substances that have been injected can be discharged out of the crusher.

In addition, in this shearing type crusher, foreign matter is input and the crusher starts operating. If a control device equipped with a function to open the foreign matter discharge port at the lower or side of the crusher body when a change occurs in the state measurement value is provided, foreign matter can be detected from the operating state of the crusher and the foreign matter discharge port can be detected. From the crusher. In addition, in these shearing crushers, if a foreign substance pocket for entering foreign matter is provided at a lower portion of the crusher main body and a closable foreign matter discharge port for discharging foreign matter entering the foreign matter pocket is provided, heavy Foreign matter can be put into a foreign matter pocket provided at the bottom of the crusher body and discharged.

 Further, in this shearing type crusher, a foreign substance pocket in which foreign matter enters is provided at a lower portion of the crusher main body, a foreign substance discharge damper is provided in the foreign substance pocket, and the opening / closing amount of the foreign substance discharge damper can be controlled by the control device. With such a configuration, heavy foreign matter can be put into a foreign matter pocket provided at a lower portion of the crusher body and discharged.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, a foreign substance pocket into which foreign matter enters is provided at a lower portion of the crusher main body, and a foreign substance pusher extending from an input port side of the foreign substance pocket to a discharge port side is provided. Even if it is configured so that foreign matter that has entered the foreign matter pocket can be discharged from the discharge port, heavy foreign matter can be put into the foreign matter pocket provided at the bottom of the crusher body and discharged.

 Further, in this shearing type crusher, the foreign matter discharge port is constituted by a foreign matter discharge slide gate which can slide in the axial direction of the crusher main body, and the foreign matter discharge slide gate is slid so that a foreign matter pocket is formed. Even if the lower part can be opened, heavy foreign matter can be discharged into the foreign matter pocket provided at the lower part of the crusher body.

Further, in the shearing type crusher, the foreign matter discharge port is constituted by a foreign matter discharge side damper for opening a side portion of the crusher main body, and the foreign matter above the cutting blade is crushed by opening the foreign matter discharge side damper. If it is configured to be able to discharge to the outside of the crusher, foreign substances mixed into the crushed material and introduced can be discharged from the side of the crusher to the outside of the crusher. This Large foreign matter that does not fall below the cutting blade can also be discharged.

 Further, in the shearing type crusher, an input port is provided at a central portion in the axial direction of a rotary shaft of the crusher main body, and discharge ports are provided at both axial end portions of the rotary shaft. If the crushed material is lifted from the lower part to the upper part and crushed a plurality of times while being traversed from the input port side to both discharge port sides, the crushed material can be sent from the center to both ends. Since it is crushed, the throughput can be doubled.

 Further, in the shearing crusher, if a driving device for independently driving the plurality of rotation shafts is provided, and a control device for independently rotating the plurality of rotation shafts at different rotation speeds with the driving device is provided, Even if the crushed material sent laterally in the crusher main body is entangled with the cutting blade, the entangled crushed material can be removed from the cutting blade by changing the speed of the rotating shaft.

 Furthermore, in this shearing type crusher, if the control device is provided with a function of driving the plurality of rotating shafts alternately at high and low speeds at set intervals, the speed difference between the rotating shafts is alternately changed. The shattered material that has been entangled by being replaced can be removed more reliably.

 On the other hand, in the shearing-type crushing method of the present invention, the crushed material is charged from the upper portion of the crusher main body, and the charged crushed material is arranged in the axial direction of a plurality of rotating shafts provided in parallel with each other. The crushed material is crushed with a matching cutting blade, and the crushed material is circulated in the crusher body, and crushed multiple times, and the crushed material is discharged from the lower part of the crusher body.

 Also, in this shearing type crusher method, the crushed material thrown in from one axial end of the rotary shaft at the upper part of the crusher main body and broken by the cutting blade is laterally fed toward the other axial end of the rotary shaft. The crushed object may be discharged from the other end of the rotating shaft in the axial direction while being crushed a plurality of times by the cutting blade.

Further, in this shearing type crushing method, the crushed object having a predetermined opening or less in the crushed object, The broken crushed material may be discharged at a lower portion of the inlet, and the crushed material having a predetermined opening or more may be crushed a plurality of times by a cutting blade while being laterally fed toward the other axial end of the rotating shaft. .

 Further, in these shearing-type crushing methods, the crushed material to be crushed may be lifted from the lower portion on the inlet side toward the upper portion on the outlet side and re-crushed between the cutting blades.

[Brief description of drawings]

 FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a shear crusher showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shearing crusher shown in FIG.

 FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the shearing crusher shown in FIG.

 FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of the shear crusher shown in FIG.

 Fig. 5 is a V-V sectional view of the shear crusher shown in Fig. 1.

 FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a tip portion of the lifting member shown in FIG.

 FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the lower casing shown in FIG.

 FIG. 8 is a plan view of a shear crusher showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shearing crusher shown in FIG.

 FIG. 10 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a third embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a partially cross-sectional side view, and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the XX section when the door is closed. (C) is a longitudinal sectional view when the door is opened.

 FIG. 11 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a partially cross-sectional side view of an example in which a discharge port is provided at a position farthest from an input port, and (b). (C) is a partial cross-sectional side view of an example in which the outlet is provided between the farthest position and the closest position, and (c) is a partial cross-sectional side view of the example in which the outlet is provided closest to the input port. (D) is a longitudinal sectional view of the inlet in (a).

FIGS. 12 and 13 are drawings of a shearing crusher showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a partially sectional side view, and (b) is a sectional view taken along the line XII-XII when the door is closed. (C) is a longitudinal sectional view when the door is opened.

 FIG. 13 is a drawing of a shear crusher showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partially sectional side view and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view.

 FIG. 14 is a drawing of a shearing type crusher showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partially sectional side view before driving a pusher, and (b) is a partially sectional side view when driving a pusher. The figure, (c) is a longitudinal sectional view.

 FIG. 15 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a partially sectional side view when the slide gate is closed, and (b) is a side view when the slide gate is opened. FIG. 2C is a side view of a partially sectioned view, and FIG.

 FIG. 16 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partially cross-sectional side view, (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view when a foreign matter discharge port is closed, c) is a longitudinal sectional view when the foreign substance discharge port is opened.

 FIG. 17 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partially sectional side view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the XV II-XV II cross section when the door is closed. (C) is a longitudinal sectional view when the door is opened.

 FIGS. 18 (a) and 18 (b) are time charts showing examples of controlling the number of revolutions on the rotating shaft in the shearing crusher of the present invention.

 FIG. 19 is a plan view showing a conventional shearing crusher.

 FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the shearing crusher shown in FIG.

 FIG. 21 is a sectional view taken along the line XX I—XXI shown in FIG.

[Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention]

<First embodiment>

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, as an example of a shearing type crusher, an input port for a material to be crushed is provided at one end in the axial direction of a rotating shaft at an upper portion of the crusher main body, and the crusher main body is provided. The following describes an example of a twin-screw crusher in which a discharge port is provided at the other end of the lower rotary shaft in the axial direction. Even if it does not deviate, any configuration is possible as long as the material to be crushed can be circulated and crushed multiple times.

 As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, two rotating shafts 2 and 3 are arranged in parallel in the crusher body 1. These rotating shafts 2 and 3 are supported by bearings 4 in a rotating manner. Reference numerals 5 and 6 denote drive units, which are configured to directly drive both shafts 2 and 3.

 Cutting blades 7 are provided alternately in the axial direction of these rotating shafts 2 and 3 so as to sandwich the spacer 8. The cutting blades 7 that are set on the two rotating shafts 2 and 3 are arranged such that blade portions 20 (FIG. 4) provided on the outer periphery of the cutting blades 7 are aligned with each other. The cutting blade 7 and the spacer 8 face each other at the positions where the rotating shafts 2 and 3 face each other. As a result, between the cutting blades 7 provided on the two shafts 2 and 3, the side surfaces are wrapped with a small gap of, for example, about 0.5 mm to 1 mm. When the cutting blades 7 provided on the rotating shafts 2 and 3 rotate inward, the object to be crushed 320 is crushed at the center. 29 is a control device of the crusher.

 Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the crusher main body 1 in this embodiment is provided with an inlet 9 at an upper left portion in the figure and an outlet 10 at a lower right portion in the figure. A lower casing 11 is provided between the lower part of the inlet 9 and the outlet 10. As a result, the material to be crushed 3

20 is configured to be fed in the axial direction on the lower casing 11 and discharged from the discharge port 10.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the thickness of the cutting blade 7 on the discharge port side is made one thickness by doubling the thickness by stacking two cutting blades 7 on the input port side. As a result, the crushed material 320 is sheared by the thick cutting blade 7 on the input port side 300 with the thick cutting blade 7 (two pieces in this example), and the crushed material 3 2 0 is discharged on the discharge port side 310. Shorten 0 (for one sheet in this example) and crush finely Have to be able to. In addition, by increasing the thickness of the cutting blade 7 on the inlet side, it is possible to prevent the cutting blade 7 from being damaged by an excessive load when crushing unsuitable materials (foreign matter) are mixed.

 In this embodiment, the cutting blades 7 having the same thickness are overlapped to increase the thickness of the cutting blades on the input port side. However, a thick cutting blade may be formed as an integral body. Also, the difference in the cutting blade thickness between the inlet side and the outlet side 310 is not limited to this embodiment.

 In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the blade portion 20 provided at the tip of the cutting blade 7 is moved from the inlet side 300 to the outlet side 31 as shown in FIG. The crushed material 320 is arranged in the circumferential direction so as to send the crushed object 320 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft toward 0. That is, the blade portion 20 provided at the tip of the cutting blade 7 that rotates inward is displaced while drawing a helical arc from the input port side 300 to the discharge port side 310. Are located. Thus, the crushed object 320 crushed by the cutting blades 7 is sent to the discharge port side 310 by rotation of the blade portion 20.

 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the lower portion of the lower casing 11 is formed in an arc shape provided with a predetermined gap S 1 and an arc drawn by the rotating cutting blade 7. In this embodiment, since it is a two-shaft shearing crusher, the lower portion of the lower casing 11 is formed in a shape in which two arcs are connected. Vertical portions for fixing to the crusher main body 1 are formed on both sides of the lower casing 11. The hole 12 in the vertical portion is fixed to the crusher main body 1 with a bolt 13.

In this embodiment, the shape of the lower casing 11 and the shape of the crusher main body 1 allow the crushing of the crushed object 320 in the crusher main body 1 a plurality of times. That is, the inner wall is configured to retain the crushed material 320 at the lower portion of the crusher main body 1 and the inner wall is formed from the lower portion of the cutting blade 7 along the side of the cutting blade 7 to form the inner wall. Crushed material 3 2 0 at the bottom It is designed to be crushed repeatedly by lifting up from above.

 The inner wall that allows the crushed material 320 to be lifted from the lower portion to the upper portion includes a cylindrical portion, a square portion, and a concentric shape with the cutting blade 7 as described above. The side portion is formed by a vertical straight line, a shape concentrically curved with the cutting blade 7, or the like. Further, the lower casing 11 may be formed integrally with the crusher main body 1 as described later.

 Further, on the inner surface of the lower casing 11, a transverse feed member 14 is provided on each of the two arc-shaped inner surfaces from the center toward the upper side of the cutting blade 7. The upper end of the transverse feed member 14 is provided almost up to the upper end position of the cutting blade 7. As shown in FIG. 7, the lateral feed member 14 is a round bar having a predetermined diameter. The transverse feed member 14 is obliquely formed on each of the inner surfaces of the two arc-shaped lower casings 11 so as to form a gentle spiral from the center of the lower casing 11 toward the discharge port. Is provided.

 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the discharge port 10 provided on the discharge port side 310 of the lower casing 11 is formed in a substantially triangular shape such that both ends are widened from the center. By forming the discharge port 10 in a substantially triangular shape, the crushed material 3 20 that has been crushed by the cutting blade 7 and has fallen on the lower casing is raised to the upper portion of the cutting blade 7 by the lateral feed member 14. It is easy to be done.

Further, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3, an opening 15 having a predetermined aperture may be provided at a position below the inlet of the lower casing 11. The opening hole 15 is formed by an opening (size) from which a small object in the object to be crushed 320 fed from the inlet 9 or a small crushed object by the cutting blade 7 can be discharged. By providing such an opening 15, the crushed material 320 crushed to a predetermined size in one crush can be discharged out of the machine without being crushed again. As a result, the amount of the crushed object 320 that is laterally fed and crushed a plurality of times in the crusher main body can be reduced, and the processing efficiency can be improved. Note that the lower casing 11 in this embodiment is a damper-gate type in which the center connection of two arcs (the axial line 340 shown in FIG. 3) opens and closes downward and to the left and right. The shredding size may be adjusted by narrowing the outlet with the lower casing 11.

 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the cutting blades 7 provided on the rotating shafts 2 and 3 are provided to be shifted in the axial direction. The member 14 is provided from the most input port side, and the lateral feeding member 14 on the lower side of the figure is provided from a position shifted to the discharge port side substantially by the thickness of the cutting blade.

 Further, at a predetermined position of the cutting blade 7 provided in the axial direction of the two rotating shafts 2 and 3, the broken crushed object 320 is moved along the inner wall of the crusher body 1 to the upper part of the cutting blade 7. Raising member 16 is provided.

 As shown in FIG. 5, the raising member 16 is a member provided with a claw portion 17 provided at the tip of the cutting blade 17 for drawing a circle larger than the circle drawn by the cutting edge of the cutting blade. The gap S 2 between the tip of the raising member 16 and the lower casing 11 is smaller than the gap S 1 between the cutting blade 7 and the lower casing 11. In this embodiment, two claw portions 17 are provided so as to face each other. The lifting members 16 are provided at three positions in the axial direction as shown in FIG. A small-diameter spacer 18 is provided at a position facing the position where the raising member 16 is provided (FIG. 5). .

 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, since the above-mentioned traverse members 14 are provided in three rows in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, a lifting member 1 is provided between these traverse members 14. 6 are provided. By providing the lifting member 16 at the position where the traverse member 14 has been cut, the crushed object 3 20 that is raised along the inner wall of the crusher main body 1 can be moved horizontally. It is easy to be sent to the discharge port side along the sending member 14.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the raising member 16 The claw 17 is formed on an inclined surface 19 that moves the object to be crushed 320 to the discharge port side 310 while lifting it. The inclined surface 19 may have any shape as long as a force can be exerted in the lateral direction when the crushed object 320 is raised from the lower casing 11.

 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, all the cutting blades 7 are formed by five blades having blade portions 20 formed at five locations in the circumferential direction. The blade 20 has a smaller number of blades 20 for the cutting blade 7 on the inlet side 300, and the cutting blade 7 for the outlet 310 has a larger number of blades 20 for the inlet side. At 300, the particles may be roughly crushed, and at the discharge port 310, finely crushed. With this configuration, even a hard crushed material 320, such as a compressed resin, is gradually crushed with a small blade portion 20 at the inlet side 300, and the crushed crushed material 3 It can be crushed several times before sending 20 to the discharge port 10 and discharging it, so that it can be crushed to a predetermined size.

 According to the shearing-type crusher 21 of the first embodiment configured as described above, the material to be crushed 3200 can be largely crushed by the thick cutting blade 7 on the input port side 300. The crushed material to be crushed 3 20 is raised to the upper part of the cutting blade 7 by the lifting member 16 while being sent to the discharge outlet 3 10 by the transverse feed member 14, and is discharged to the discharge outlet 3 1 At 0, it can be finely crushed by the thin cutting blade 7. In addition, in this embodiment, since three sets of the traversing member 14 and the lifting member 16 are provided, the object to be crushed 320 can be crushed at least about three times to be fine.

 It should be noted that the number of times of crushing can be easily changed by changing the number of sets of the transverse feed member 14 and the raising member 16.

<Second embodiment>

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a shear crusher showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shear crusher. In the second embodiment, a twin-screw crusher will be described as an example of a shear crusher. As shown in the figure, two rotating shafts 32, 33 are arranged in parallel in the crusher main body 31. These rotating shafts 32 and 33 are rotatably supported by bearings 34. Reference numerals 35 and 36 denote drive units, which directly drive both shafts 32 and 33. In the axial direction of the rotating shafts 32, 33, cutting blades 37 are provided alternately so as to sandwich the spacer 38. Since the cutting blades 37 provided on these rotary shafts 32 and 33 are configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted. Further, the same configuration as that of the above-described first embodiment will be described by adding 30 to the reference numerals.

 In the second embodiment, as shown in the figure, the cutting blade 37 A on the input port 39 side is formed with a large diameter, and the cutting blade 37 B on the discharge port 40 side is formed with a small diameter. ing. Thus, the diameter of the cutting blade 37B is reduced from the inlet side 300 to the outlet side 310. The large-diameter cutting blades 37A are thick and all have the same diameter, and the small-diameter cutting blades 37B are thin and have a gradually decreasing diameter toward the outlet side 310. Has been done.

 On the other hand, the lower casing 41 of the crusher main body 31 has an inner wall provided with a predetermined gap S3 with the large-diameter cutting blade 37A at the inlet side 300, and a small-diameter cutting. On the discharge port side 310 provided with the blade 37B, the diameter is tapered so that a predetermined gap S4 is provided between the cutting blade 37B and the cutting blade 37B, which gradually becomes smaller in diameter. A discharge outlet 40 is provided at the discharge port side 310 of the lower casing 41 formed in this small diameter.

Also, on the inner surface of the lower casing 41 in this embodiment, a transverse feed member 44 is provided from the center to the side wall of the crusher main body 31. These transverse members 44 are also round bars having a predetermined diameter, as in the first embodiment described above. The transverse feed member 4 4 is formed on each of the inner surfaces of the two arc-shaped lower casings 4 1 so as to form a gentle spiral from the center of the lower casing 4 1 toward the discharge port 3 10. It is provided diagonally. According to the shearing type crusher 51 of the second embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to crush a large crushed object 3200 with a large-diameter cutting blade 37A on the input port side 300. The crushed material 320 can be crushed by the small-diameter cutting blade 37B while being sent to the outlet side 310. In addition, since a large-diameter and thick cutting blade 37 A is provided on the input port side 300, even a large massive crushed object 320 can be crushed. The crushed material to be crushed 320 is finely crushed by a small-diameter, thin-thick cutting blade 37B while being fed laterally to the discharge port side 310 by the transverse feed member 44. In addition, since the number of cutting blades 37 A for shearing and crushing is small below the inlet 39, the load at the time of crushing can be reduced. The operation of repeatedly crushing the object to be crushed 320 in the crusher main body 31 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore, detailed description is omitted.

<Third embodiment>

 Next, an example will be described in which the crushed material 320 can be finely crushed as described above, and the crushed size of the finely crushed and discharged can be changed. In the following example, a description will be given of an example of a shearing type crusher in which the discharge position of the object to be crushed 320 is made variable so that the size of the crushed particles discharged from the shearing type crusher can be changed.

FIG. 10 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a third embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a partially cross-sectional side view, and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the XX section when the door is closed. (C) is a longitudinal sectional view when the door is opened. The third embodiment is an example in which the size of the crushed object 320 discharged from the shearing crusher can be selected from three types. It is to be noted that the same configuration as that of the above-described first embodiment is indicated by adding 60 to its reference numeral, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Also in the third embodiment, the lower casing in the first embodiment described above is integrally formed with the crusher main body. Further, the illustration of the lifting member is omitted in the figure. As shown in the figure, similarly to the first and second embodiments described above, two rotating shafts 62, 63 are arranged in parallel in a rotatable state in the crusher main body. Cutting blades 67 A and 67 B are provided in the axial direction of these rotary shafts 62 and 63.

 In the third embodiment, the cutting blade 67 provided in the axial direction of the rotating shafts 62 and 63 has a thickness similar to that of the second embodiment. The cutting blade 67 B on the discharge port 70 side is formed to be thin. As a result, it is configured such that it is greatly crushed on the inlet side 300 and finely crushed on the outlet side 310. Reference numeral 74 denotes a transverse feed member.

 On the other hand, in the lower part of the crusher main body 61, the side surface of the inner wall is curved toward the center of the lower part, and a discharge pocket 82 having a rectangular cross section is formed in the central part in the axial direction. The discharge pocket 82 is provided over the entire length of the crusher body 1 in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), the discharge pocket 82 of this embodiment is divided into three parts in the axial direction of the crusher main body 1 and is provided on the lower surface at the position (right end) farthest from the inlet 69. An opening / closing door 83 is provided. The lower surface of the discharge pocket 82 other than the position where the door 83 is provided is closed, and the position where the door 83 is provided is the discharge port 70.

 The opening / closing door 83 is configured to be able to open and close arbitrarily from a closed state as shown in FIG. 10 (b) to an open state as shown in FIG. 10 (c). The opening / closing mechanism of the opening / closing door 83 is constituted by an opening / closing mechanism using a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor.

 If the opening / closing door 8 3 is provided at the position shown in the figure, the crushed material 3 20 will be crushed and discharged by all the cutting blades 6 7 A and 67 B provided in the axial direction. It can be discharged as the finest crushed small crushed material.

In addition, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. When the opening and closing door 83 is provided in the place, the residence time of the crushed material 320 becomes the shortest and can be discharged as a large crushed material. Further, when an opening / closing door 83 is provided between the position closest to the input port 69 and the farthest position, the material to be crushed is discharged as a medium crushed material with the residence time of the crushed material in the middle. Can be done. In this way, the longer the distance from the inlet 69, the longer the internal residence time of the crushed object 320, the more times it is repeatedly crushed, and the smaller the crush size.

 In the third embodiment, an example was described in which three outlets 70 were provided at three locations.However, the number of the outlets 70 is not limited to three, and the size of the machine and the size of the What is necessary is just to set according to discharge size etc.

 According to the shear-type crusher 81 constructed as described above, by setting the position of the opening / closing door as necessary, the stagnation from the input port 69 to the discharge port 70 is discharged. The size of the crushed object 320 can be changed with time. The operation of repeatedly crushing the material to be crushed 320 in the crusher main body 61 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore detailed description is omitted.

<Fourth embodiment>

FIG. 11 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partially sectional side view of an example in which a discharge port is provided at a position farthest from an input port, and (b). (C) is a partial cross-sectional side view of an example in which the outlet is provided between the farthest position and the closest position, and (c) is a partial cross-sectional side view of the example in which the outlet is provided closest to the input port. (D) is a longitudinal sectional view of the inlet in (a). The fourth embodiment is an example in which, similarly to the third embodiment, the size of the crushed object 320 discharged from the shearing crusher can be selected from three types. It should be noted that the same components as those of the first embodiment described above are indicated by adding 90 to the reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Also in the fourth embodiment, the lower casing of the first embodiment described above is attached to the crusher body. The body is formed. Furthermore, the illustration of the lifting member is omitted in the figure. As shown in the drawing, also in the fourth embodiment, similarly to the third embodiment, the cutting blade 97 on the input port 99 side is formed to be thick, and the cutting blade 97 on the discharge port 100 side is formed. B has a small thickness.

 On the other hand, in the lower part of the crusher main body 91, the side wall of the inner wall is curved toward the center of the lower part, and a discharge pocket 112 having a rectangular cross section is formed in the axial direction at the lower part of the center. The discharge pocket 112 is provided on the entire length of the crusher body 1 in the axial direction. The discharge pocket 112 in this embodiment is formed such that the entire lower surface is opened like a groove.

 And, as shown in FIG. 11 (d), a slide gate 113 covering the lower surface of the discharge pocket 112 is provided in the axial direction of the crusher main body 91. The slide gate 113 is formed in a size that closes one divided part of the discharge pocket 112, which is approximately 3 divided in the axial direction, and is provided before and after the shredder body 91 in the axial direction. Have been. These slide gates 113 are configured to be able to slide in the axial direction of the crusher main body 1 by slide jacks 114 provided in the crusher main body 91.

 The slide gate 1 13 divided in this way closes two of the discharge pockets 112 that divide the total length of the crusher body 1 in the axial direction into three, so that the discharge pocket 1 1 2 1 The part of / 3 can be opened as the outlet 100. In FIG. 11A, the lower part of the discharge pocket 112 is opened at the position farthest from the inlet 99. The portion where the lower surface is not closed by the slide gate 113 is an outlet 100.

 In the fourth embodiment, an example has been described in which the outlet 100 can be changed at three places. However, the position of the outlet 100 is not limited to three places, and the size and the size of the machine can be reduced. What is necessary is just to set according to the discharge size etc. of the crushed material 320.

According to the shear crusher 1 1 1 configured as described above, Fig. 11 (a) shows As shown in the figure, if the right side of the figure is opened by closing the inlet port side 300 with the slide gate 113, the distance from the inlet port 99 to the outlet port 100 becomes the longest. The longest residence time of 320 can be discharged as finely crushed small crushed material. Further, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), when the discharge pocket 112 is opened between the position closest to the inlet 99 and the position farthest away, the accumulation of the crushed material 320 It can be discharged as medium crushed material in the middle of time. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 11 (c), when the discharge pocket 112 is opened at the position closest to the inlet 99, the residence time of the crushed material 3 20 becomes the shortest and the large crushed material Can be discharged as In this way, the longer the distance from the input port 99 to the discharge port 100 becomes longer, the longer the internal residence time of the crushed material 320 becomes, so the number of repetitive crushing increases and the crush size becomes smaller. Can be. The operation of repeatedly crushing the object to be crushed 320 in the crusher main body 91 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore, detailed description is omitted.

<Fifth embodiment>

 Next, an example of a shearing type crusher provided with a function of discharging foreign matter mixed in the crushed material 320 to be charged will be described. As described above, since there are various kinds of crushed materials 320 to be crushed by this type of shear crusher, in the following embodiment, when foreign matter such as metal is mixed, the inside of the crusher main body is removed. An example of a shear-type crusher that can be easily discharged from is described.

Fig. 12 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a partially cross-sectional side view, and (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the XII-XII cross section when the door is closed. (C) is a longitudinal sectional view when the door is opened. The fifth embodiment is an example in which foreign matter mixed in the crushed material 320 can be discharged from the lower part of the crusher main body. It is to be noted that the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are indicated by adding 120 to the reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Also in the fifth embodiment, the crusher main body has the same structure as the first embodiment described above. The part casing is integrally formed. Furthermore, the illustration of the lifting member is omitted in the figure.

 In the fifth embodiment, similarly to the third embodiment, the cutting blade 1 27 A on the input port 12 9 side is formed to be thick, and the cutting blade 1 27 B on the discharge port 130 side is The thickness is formed thin. As a result, it is configured to be crushed largely on the inlet side 300 and finely crushed on the outlet side 310. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, when the foreign matter 330, which is a heavy object, is usually thrown into the crusher main body 121, it is collected at the lower portion of the crusher main body 121. A foreign object pocket 14 2 is provided below 21.

 The foreign matter pocket 142 has a lower portion of the crusher main body 121 formed with a rectangular cross section whose inner wall side is curved toward the center of the lower portion and whose central portion is directed downward in the axial direction. The foreign object pockets 144 are provided over the entire length of the crusher main body 1 in the axial direction. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12A, a foreign matter discharge damper 144 having a length divided into three in the axial direction of the crusher main body 1 is provided on the lower surface.

 In addition, when a foreign object 330 enters the foreign object pocket 142, measurable operation such as power, current, torque, hydraulic pressure, vibration, etc. of the driving machine that drives the rotating shafts 122, 123 Since a change occurs in the state measurement value, the change is detected, and the foreign matter discharge damper 144 is opened.

 The foreign matter discharge dampers 144 are configured such that each foreign matter discharge damper 144 can be opened independently. The opening / closing mechanism of the foreign matter discharge damper 144 is constituted by an opening / closing mechanism using a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor. The opening / closing amount control of the foreign matter discharge dampers 144 by these opening / closing mechanisms is controlled by a control device provided in the crusher.

According to the shear-type crusher 14 1 of the fifth embodiment configured as described above, when foreign matter 3 3 0 is introduced together with the crushed object 3 2 0 from the input port 1 5 9, The foreign matter 330 enters the foreign matter pocket 142 provided at the lower part of the crusher body 121. The entry of the foreign matter 330 into the foreign matter pocket 142 is detected from the change in the operating state measurement value of the driving machine as described above, and the foreign matter discharge damper 144 is opened. As a result, the foreign matter 330 is discharged outside the machine.

 The operation of repeatedly crushing the object to be crushed 320 in the crusher main body 121 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore, detailed description is omitted.

 The opening position of the foreign matter discharge damper 14 3 is usually set at the inlet port side because the foreign substance 3 30 such as metal is heavy and often falls into the foreign object pocket 14 2 at the inlet port. The structure is such that the foreign substances 3 0 are discharged by opening the foreign substance discharge dampers 1 4 3 in order from 0. The opening position and order of the foreign matter discharge dampers 144 are not limited to this embodiment.

 In addition, by configuring the lower portion of the crusher main body 121 in such a manner that the lower portion of the crusher main body 121 can be opened in the axial direction, the lower portion of the crusher main body 121 is opened by opening all of these foreign matter discharge dampers 143. Can be opened in any direction. Thus, the entire inside of the crushed object 320 can be discharged, and the inside of the apparatus can be easily cleaned in a short time when the crushed object 320 is changed.

 The foreign matter pockets 142 in the shear crusher 141 of the fifth embodiment are structurally the same as the discharge bottles 82 of the shear crusher 81 of the third embodiment described above. It is a structure of. Therefore, when the foreign matter 330 such as a metal is mixed in the crushed object 320 inputted from the input port 129, the foreign matter 330 enters the discharge container 82 described above. It can also function as a foreign object pocket 142. This makes it easy to provide the above-mentioned shearing type crusher 81 with a crushing size change and foreign matter discharging mechanism.

<Sixth embodiment> Fig. 13 is a drawing of a shearing type crusher showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a partially sectional side view and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view. The sixth embodiment is an example in which the lower part of the foreign matter pocket provided at the lower part of the crusher main body is largely opened so that foreign matter can be discharged. The same components as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by adding 150 to their reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Also in the sixth embodiment, the lower casing in the first embodiment described above is integrally formed with the crusher main body. Further, the illustration of the lifting member is omitted in the drawing.

 As shown in the figure, in the sixth embodiment, a foreign matter discharge damper 173 is provided so that the lower part of the foreign matter pocket 172 from the lower part of the inlet 159 to the vicinity of the outlet 160 can be opened. Have been. The foreign matter discharge damper 173 is configured to be opened downward by a jack 174 provided on the fixed side. In this embodiment, there is provided a foreign matter discharge unit 175 for discharging the foreign matter 340 in the foreign matter discharge damper 173 opened by the jack 174.

 According to the shearing type crusher 15 1 of the sixth embodiment configured as described above, the foreign matter 3 3 0 introduced together with the crushed material 3 2 0 from the input port 1 5 9 is the crusher main body 1 2 1 Enter the foreign object pocket 1 72 provided at the bottom of the box. The entry of the foreign matter 3330 into the foreign matter pocket 1772 is detected from the change in the operating state measurement value of the driving machine as described above. When it is detected that the foreign object 330 has entered the foreign object pocket 1702, the jack 1704 opens the foreign object discharge damper 170. As a result, the foreign matter 330 is discharged outside the machine. The operation of repeatedly crushing the object to be crushed 320 in the crusher main body 121 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore, detailed description is omitted.

In addition, according to this embodiment, the foreign matter pocket 17 2 is opened integrally to the vicinity of the discharge port of the foreign matter pocket 17 2, so that the foreign matter 3 30 entering the foreign matter pocket 1 Ί 2 can be shortened. Can be discharged in time.

<Seventh embodiment>

 FIG. 14 is a drawing of a shearing type crusher showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partially sectional side view before driving a pusher, and (b) is a partially sectional side view when driving a pusher. The figure, (c) is a longitudinal sectional view. The seventh embodiment is an example in which foreign matter is pushed from the inlet side to the outlet side of the crusher main body and discharged from the outlet. It is to be noted that the same components as those of the above-described first embodiment are indicated by adding 180 to the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Also in the seventh embodiment, the lower casing of the first embodiment described above is integrally formed with the crusher main body. Furthermore, the illustration of the lifting member is omitted in the figure.

 As shown in the figure, in the seventh embodiment, a foreign matter pusher 203 extending from the lower part of the inlet 189 to the outlet 190 is provided in the foreign matter pocket 202. The foreign matter pusher 203 is configured to extend from the inlet side 300 to the outlet side 310 by a jack 204 provided in the crusher body 181.

According to the shearing type crusher 210 of the seventh embodiment configured as described above, the foreign matter 333 introduced together with the crushed material 322 from the inlet 189 is the crusher main body 181. Enter the foreign object pocket 202 provided in the lower part of the box. The entry of the foreign matter 330 into the foreign matter pocket 202 is detected from the change in the measured value of the operating state of the driving machine described above. When foreign object 330 is detected to have entered foreign object pocket 202, jack 204 is extended to push foreign object 330 to outlet 190 with foreign object pusher 203, and the outlet is opened. It can be discharged from 190. As a result, the foreign matter 330 is discharged outside the machine. The operation of repeatedly crushing the object to be crushed 320 in the crusher main body 18 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore detailed description is omitted. <Eighth embodiment>

 FIG. 15 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a partially sectional side view when the slide gate is closed, and (b) is a side view when the slide gate is opened. FIG. 2C is a side view of a partially sectioned view, and FIG. This eighth embodiment is an example in which the lower part of the foreign matter pocket at the lower part of the crusher main body is largely opened so that foreign matter can be discharged. The same components as those of the first embodiment described above are indicated by adding 210 to the reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Also in the eighth embodiment, the lower casing in the first embodiment described above is integrally formed with the crusher main body. Further, in the figure, the description of the lifting member is omitted.

 As shown in the figure, in the eighth embodiment, a foreign matter discharge slide gate 2 33 that can open the lower part of the foreign matter pocket 23 from the lower part of the inlet 211 to the vicinity of the outlet 220 is provided. Is provided. The foreign matter discharge slide gate 233 is configured to be openable to the inlet by means of a jack 234 provided in the crusher body 211. In this embodiment, when the foreign substance discharge slide gate 2 33 is opened by the jack 2 3 4, the foreign substance discharge shot 2 3 5 for discharging the foreign substance 3 3 0 falling from the foreign substance pocket 2 3 2 is formed. Is provided.

According to the shearing crusher 2 31 of the eighth embodiment configured as described above, the foreign matter 3 3 0 introduced together with the crushed material 3 2 0 from the input port 2 19 is the crusher main body 2 1 1 Into the foreign object pocket 2 32 provided at the bottom of the box. The entry of the foreign matter 3330 into the foreign matter pocket 232 is detected from the change in the operating state measurement value of the driving machine as described above. When it is detected that the foreign matter 3330 has entered the foreign matter pocket 232, the foreign matter discharge slide gate 233 is opened by the jack 2334. As a result, the foreign matter 330 is discharged outside the machine. Since the operation of crushing the object to be crushed 320 multiple times in the crusher main body 211 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, the detailed description is omitted. Omitted.

9th Embodiment>

 FIG. 16 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partially cross-sectional side view, (b) is a vertical cross-sectional view when a foreign matter discharge port is closed, c) is a longitudinal sectional view when the foreign substance discharge port is opened. The ninth embodiment is an example in which foreign matter that does not fall into the lower part of the crusher main body from between the cutting blades can be discharged to the outside from the side of the crusher main body. In the ninth embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are indicated by adding 240 to the reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Also in the ninth embodiment, the lower casing of the first embodiment described above is integrally formed with the crusher main body. Furthermore, the illustration of the lifting member is omitted in the figure.

 As shown in the figure, in the ninth embodiment, the cutting blades 2447A, 2447B provided on the rotating shafts 2442, 2443 fall from the upper part to the lower part of the crusher main body 241, respectively. A foreign matter discharge side damper 262 capable of discharging a large foreign matter 340 is provided on the side of the crusher main body 241.

 The foreign matter discharge side damper 262 is configured such that an upper part is supported by a shaft 263 provided in a horizontal direction, and a lower part can be opened and closed laterally. In this embodiment, a foreign matter discharge side damper 262 divided into two in the axial direction of the crusher main body 241 is provided on the left and right sides of the crusher main body 241. The opening / closing mechanism of the foreign matter discharge side damper 262 is constituted by an opening / closing mechanism using a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor. In this embodiment, the foreign matter discharge side damper 26 2 is divided into two in the axial direction, but may be divided as appropriate according to the length and diameter of the crusher main body 241, and the like.

According to the shearing-type crusher 26 1 of the ninth embodiment configured as described above, the large foreign matter 3 30 injected from the input port 2 49 is formed by the cutting blades 2 4 7 A and 2 4 7 B. If it becomes clogged in the upper part, it is detected from the change in the measured value of the operating state of the drive as described above. When this foreign matter 3 30 is detected, the rotating shaft 2 4 2, After stopping the drive of 24 3, open the foreign matter discharge side damper 26 2 and rotate the rotating shafts 24 2 and 24 3 in reverse so that the cutting blades 24 7 A and 24 7 B Foreign matter 330 is discharged from the foreign matter discharge side damper 26 2 to the outside of the machine.

 According to the ninth embodiment, even if a large foreign matter 330 that does not fall to the lower portion of the crusher main body 241 through the space between the cutting blades 247A and 247B, the cutting blade It can be discharged outside the machine from the upper part of 247A and 247B.

 The operation of repeatedly crushing the object to be crushed 320 in the crusher main body 2 41 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore detailed description is omitted.

 <10th embodiment>

 FIG. 17 is a drawing of a shearing crusher showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a partially cross-sectional side view, and (b) is a vertical cross section of the XVII-XVII cross section when the door is closed. Figure (c) is a longitudinal sectional view when the door is opened. The tenth embodiment is an example in which the throughput is doubled by one shear crusher. In the tenth embodiment as well, the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are indicated by adding 270 to the reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Also in the tenth embodiment, the lower casing in the first embodiment described above is integrally formed with the crusher main body. Furthermore, the illustration of the lifting member is omitted in the figure.

 As shown in the figure, the crusher main body 271 in the tenth embodiment is formed to be long in the axial direction, and an input port 279 is provided at the upper center thereof. Inside the crusher main body 271, two rotating shafts 272 and 273 are arranged in parallel in a freely rotatable state. A cutting blade 277 is provided in the axial direction of the rotating shafts 272 and 273.

In the tenth embodiment, the cutting blade 277 provided in the axial direction of the rotating shafts 272, 273 has a thicker cutting portion formed at the lower part of the inlet 279. A cutting blade 277 A is provided, and a cutting blade 277 B having a reduced thickness is provided from the cutting blade 277 A toward the discharge ports 280 at both ends. As a result, the lower part of the inlet 279 is largely crushed by the cutting blade 277A, and the discharge outlet 310 is finely crushed by the cutting blade 277B. In addition, in the tenth embodiment, the crushed material 320 input from the input port 279 is crushed while being sent in both axial directions (left and right directions in the figure) of the crusher main body 271. Therefore, the processing amount can be doubled.

 Also in the tenth embodiment, the lower part of the crusher main body 271, the side surface of the inner wall is curved toward the center of the lower part, and the discharge socket 2922 having a rectangular cross section in the axial direction of the central part. Is formed.

 The discharge pocket 292 is provided over the entire length of the crusher main body 271 in the axial direction. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 17 (a), the discharge pocket 292 is divided into three parts in the axial direction from the center of the crusher main body 271, and is most distant from the inlet 279. A door 293 is installed on the lower surface of the position. The lower surface of the discharge pocket 292 other than the position where the door 293 is provided is closed. The position where the door 293 is provided is the outlet 280.

 The opening / closing door 293 is configured to be able to open and close arbitrarily from a closed state as shown in FIG. 17 (b) to an open state as shown in FIG. 17 (c). The opening and closing mechanism of the opening and closing door 293 is constituted by an opening and closing mechanism using a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor. In addition, when the opening / closing door 293 is provided at the position shown in the figure, the crushed material 322 is crushed and discharged by all the cutting blades 277A, 277B provided in the axial direction. However, the finest crushed material is discharged.

In addition, as shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 17), when the opening / closing door 293 is provided at the position closest to the input port 279, the residence time of the crushed material 3200 becomes the shortest. It can be discharged as large crushed material. In addition, this slot 2 When an opening / closing door 293 is provided between the position closest to 79 and the position farthest from the crushed material, the crushed material 320 can be discharged as a medium crushed material with the residence time of the crushed material 320 being intermediate. As described above, the longer the distance from the input port 279 is, the longer the internal residence time of the crushed object 320 is, and the number of repeated crushing is increased so that the crushing size is reduced.

 In the tenth embodiment, the outlet 280 can be changed to three places from the center, respectively.However, the number of outlets 280 to be changed is not limited to three. What is necessary is just to set according to the magnitude | size of the crusher main body 271, the discharge size of the crushed material 3200, etc.

 According to the shear-type crusher 291 configured as described above, the size of the crushed object 3200 can be easily changed by setting the position of the opening / closing door 293 as necessary. be able to. In addition, since the material to be crushed 320 fed from the center is sent to the left and right to be crushed, the throughput can be doubled.

 The operation of crushing the object to be crushed 320 multiple times in the crusher main body 27 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and therefore, detailed description is omitted.

 Further, as in the fifth embodiment described above, the discharge pocket 292 in the tenth embodiment is provided with foreign matter 3 When 0 is mixed in, a function as a foreign object pocket into which the foreign matter 330 enters can be provided. The foreign matter discharging mechanism for the case where foreign matter enters the discharge pocket 2992 may be configured in the same manner as in the fifth embodiment.

Further, the shear crushers 21 to 261 of the above-described first to ninth embodiments are configured as the shear crushers 29 of the tenth embodiment to double the processing amount. It is possible to use a configuration of central input and left and right discharge if necessary. Furthermore, in the tenth embodiment, the left and right cutting blades 277 A, 277 B have different configurations, and the left and right cutting blades 277 A and 277 B have different configurations. The distances of the crushed objects may be made different from each other to obtain crushed objects of different sizes with the same crushed object 320. These combinations may be determined according to the type of the crushed material 320, crushing conditions, and the like.

<Rotational speed control>

 Fig. 18 is a time chart showing an example of controlling the rotation speed of the rotating shaft in a shearing type crusher.

 By the way, as described above, the material to be crushed 320 from the inlet is cut into the cutting blades 7, 37, 67, 97, 127, 157, 187, 217, 247 , 277, and crushing multiple times while feeding in the lateral direction, the crusher body 1, 31, 6, 91, 91, 121, 151, 181, It becomes impossible to install a scraper on the side of 2 1 1, 2 4 1, 2 7 1 to remove the crushed material attached to the cutting blade.

 Therefore, the crushed material 3 20 attached to the cutting blade 7, 37, 67, 97, 127, 157, 187, 187, 247, 277 is cut. The blade 7, 37, 67, 97, 127, 157, 187, 217, 2477, 27 7 May remain. In particular, soft crushed material 32 such as a vinyl rope can be used for cutting blades 7, 37, 67, 97, 127, 157, 187, 217, When it is wound around 247 and 277, it may not be able to be removed. If such a material to be crushed 320 adheres to the blade portion (20), the crushing effect may be drastically reduced. In addition, when crushing, the cutting blades 7, 37, 67, 97, 127, 157, 187, 217, 247, and 277 are large. Due to excessive resistance, the cutting blade may generate heat and the crushed material 320 may be melted and adhered. In this case, the crushing effect may be significantly reduced.

Therefore, as shown in the first and second embodiments described above, both rotating shafts 2, 3, and Driving devices 5, 6, 35, and 6 are provided to drive 32, 33 independently, respectively, and as shown in the time chart of Fig. 18, each rotating shaft 2, 3, 3, 2, 3 3 If it is configured to rotate independently at different rotation speeds, the rotation speeds of both rotating shafts 2, 3, 3, 32, and 33 will be reduced even if the material to be shredded 320 is entangled with the cutting blades 7, 37. By changing it, the entangled crushed material 320 can be removed. Moreover, as shown in this time chart, the rotation speed of each of the rotating shafts 2, 3, 32, 33 is changed between high speed and low speed, and the high speed and low speed are alternately changed. By controlling the crushed material, the entangled crushed material 320 can be more reliably removed. This is possible in all the embodiments described above.

 In this way, both rotating shafts 2, 3, 32, 33 are changed in rotational speed, and both rotating shafts 2, 3, 32, 33 are alternately driven at high speed and low speed at predetermined intervals. The function is provided in the control device provided in the crusher.

 It is possible to combine some or all of the embodiments described above, and the configurations of the embodiments may be combined as appropriate according to use conditions and the like.

 The above-described first to tenth embodiments are merely examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the first to tenth embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[Industrial applicability]

 According to the present invention, the crushed object to be sheared by the cutting blade can be repeatedly crushed in the crusher body a plurality of times, so that the crushed size of the crushed object can be reduced, and the installation space can be reduced. It is useful as a shear-type crusher when you want to crush the crushed material finely without causing an increase.

Claims

The scope of the claims 1. A shearing type crusher for finely crushing an object to be crushed, wherein a plurality of rotating shafts supporting a cutting blade are provided in parallel in a lateral direction in the crushing machine main body, and a plurality of rotating shafts are provided in the axial direction of the plurality of rotating shafts. A cutting blade provided with a plurality of protruding blade portions on its outer periphery so that the blade portions are aligned with each other; an input port for a material to be crushed is provided at an upper portion of the crusher main body; A discharge port for crushed material is provided at the bottom, and the crushed material is circulated in the crusher main body in order to finely crush the crushed material input from the input port, and the crushing is repeated multiple times with the cutting blade. Shearing crusher configured as follows.  2. The lifting device according to claim 1, further comprising a lifting member that lifts the crushed object from a lower portion to an upper portion of the crusher body in order to repeatedly crush the crushed object in the crusher body. 3. The shearing crusher according to 1.).  • 3. In order to repeat the crushing of the crushed object several times in the crushing machine main body, the inner wall that holds the crushed object at the lower part of the crusher so that the crushed object can be lifted from the lower part to the upper part. The shearing type crusher according to claim 1, wherein  4. In order to repeat the crushing of the object to be crushed a plurality of times in the crusher main body, the crushed object was moved from the lower portion of the cutting blade to the upper portion along the side of the cutting blade so that the object could be lifted from the lower portion to the upper portion. 2. The shear crusher according to claim 1, wherein the shear crusher has an inner wall.  5. The object to be crushed is lifted up from the lower part of the crusher body to the upper part as an inner wall formed in an arc shape having a predetermined gap with an arc drawn by the tip of the blade of the cutting blade at the lower part of the crusher body. The shearing crusher according to claim 4, wherein the shearing crusher can be used. 6. The lifting member rotates together with the cutting blade, and a lifting protrusion or a protrusion protruding from the tip of the cutting blade and lifting the crushed object. 3. The shearing crusher according to claim 2, comprising a lifting blade.  7. A discharge port for discharging the crushed material, which has been finely divided by plural times of crushing, to the outside of the crusher main body, is provided at a lower portion or a side portion of the crusher main body, and an opening / closing door is provided at the discharge port. The shearing crusher according to item 1.  8. The shearing type crushing device according to claim 7, wherein a control device is provided for adjusting a degree of opening of the opening / closing door, a crushing state of the crushed object, a load power of the rotary shaft, or at regular intervals. Machine.  9. In order to finely crush the crushed material in the crusher body, the position of the discharge port is shifted in the axial direction of the rotation axis with respect to the position of the input port, and the crushed material is charged. 2. The shearing type crusher according to claim 1, wherein the crusher is configured to be lifted from a lower portion to an upper portion and crushed a plurality of times while being laterally fed from a mouth side to a discharge port side.  10. The shearing type crusher according to claim 9, wherein an opening having a predetermined aperture is provided below an input port of the crusher main body.  1 1. The lower part of the crusher body is configured to be openable and closable as a damper gate type, and the opening and closing amount of the damper gate can be adjusted to adjust the amount of crushed material discharged from the damper gate. The shearing crusher according to claim 9 or claim 10 described above.  1 2. A spiral that feeds the crushed material from the lower part of the inlet to the upper part of the outlet on the inner wall of the crusher body in order to feed the crushed material laterally from the inlet to the outlet. 10. The shearing crusher according to claim 9, further comprising a horizontal feed member.  13. The traverse helical feed member according to claim 12, wherein the helical traverse member is constituted by a helical protrusion member for lateral feed provided substantially up to the upper end position of the cutting blade on the inner wall of the crusher main body. Shear type crusher. 14. To rotate the object to be crushed laterally from the input port side to the discharge port side, rotate together with the cutting blade, project from the tip of the cutting blade and beneath the input port side. 10. The shearing crusher according to claim 9, further comprising a lifting member that lifts up the crushed material from the section toward the upper part on the discharge side.  15. The lifting member according to claim 14, wherein the lifting member is formed with a lifting blade having an inclined surface, the front surface in the rotation direction being configured to feed the object to be crushed sideways toward the discharge port. Shear type crusher.  16. The shearing device according to claim 9, wherein the blade portion of the cutting blade is arranged in a helical configuration in which the object to be crushed is laterally fed from the input port side to the discharge port side by rotating. Type crusher.  17. The crusher body is tilted by arranging it so that the inlet side of the crusher body is higher than the discharge port side, and the object to be crushed is introduced from the inlet side by using the inclination of the crusher body. 10. The shear crusher according to claim 9, wherein the shear crusher is configured to be fed sideways to the discharge port side.  18. The thickness of the cutting blade on the discharge port side is made smaller than the thickness of the cutting blade on the input port side, so that the size of the crushed material on the discharge port side becomes smaller. 10. The shearing crusher according to claim 9.  1 9. The number of blades of the cutting blade on the discharge port side is configured to be larger than the number of blade portions of the cutting blade on the input port side, so that the size of the crushed material on the discharge port side is finer. 10. The shearing crusher according to claim 9, wherein  20. The diameter of the cutting blade on the discharge port side is configured to be smaller than the diameter of the cutting blade on the input port side, and the thickness of the cutting blade on the discharge port side is smaller than the thickness of the cutting blade on the input port side. The shearing crusher according to claim 9, wherein the crushing size is made finer by performing the crushing.  21. The claim according to claim 1, wherein a discharge port provided at a lower portion of the crusher main body can be changed to an arbitrary portion between a lower portion of the input port and a discharge port shifted in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. Item 9. A shearing crusher according to item 9. 22. A slide gate capable of sliding in the axial direction of the rotating shaft was provided at the discharge port, and the slide gate was opened by sliding. 22. The shearing crusher according to claim 21, wherein a discharge port is formed at an arbitrary position.  23. The shearing type crusher according to claim 1, wherein a closable foreign matter discharge port for discharging foreign matter mixed in the crushed material to the outside of the crusher is provided in a lower portion or a side portion of the crusher main body. .  24. A control device having a function of opening a foreign material discharge port at a lower portion or a side portion of the crusher main body when a change in the operation state measurement value of the crusher occurs due to the introduction of foreign matter. 3. A shearing crusher according to item 3.  25. Claim 23 or Claims in which a foreign matter pocket for foreign matter to enter is provided at the lower part of the crusher main body, and an openable foreign matter discharge port for discharging the foreign matter entering the foreign matter pocket is provided. Item 26. The shearing crusher according to Item 24.  26. A foreign substance pocket into which foreign matter enters is provided at a lower part of the crusher main body, a foreign substance discharge damper is provided in the foreign substance pocket, and the opening / closing amount of the foreign substance discharge damper can be controlled by the control device. A shearing crusher according to item 24 of the item (1).  27. A foreign substance pocket into which foreign matter enters is provided at the lower part of the crusher main body, a foreign matter pusher extending from the inlet side of the foreign matter pocket to the discharge side is provided, and foreign matter entering the foreign matter pocket with the foreign matter pusher is removed. 25. The shearing crusher according to claim 23 or claim 24 configured to be able to discharge from a discharge port.  28. The foreign material discharge port is composed of a foreign material discharge slide gate that can slide in the axial direction of the crusher main body, and the lower part of the foreign material pocket can be opened by sliding the foreign material discharge slide gate. The shearing crusher according to claim 25, wherein 29. The foreign material discharge port is constituted by a foreign material discharge side damper that opens a side portion of the crusher main body, and by opening the foreign material discharge side damper, the foreign material above the cutting blade is discharged to the outside of the crusher main body. So that it can be discharged A shear-type crusher according to claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the shear crusher is formed. 30. An input port is provided at the axial center of the rotary shaft of the crusher main body, and discharge ports are provided at both axial ends of the rotary shaft, and the crushed material input from the input port is supplied from the input port side. 10. The shearing crusher according to claim 9, wherein the crusher is configured to be crushed a plurality of times by moving up from a lower portion to an upper portion while traversing both discharge ports.  31. The driving method according to claim 1, further comprising: a driving device that independently drives the plurality of rotation shafts, and a control device that independently rotates the plurality of rotation shafts at different rotation speeds with the driving device. Shear crusher.  32. The shearing crusher according to claim 31, wherein the control device has a function of driving the plurality of rotating shafts alternately at high and low speeds at set intervals.  3 3. The crushed material is charged from the upper part of the crusher body, and the crushed material is arranged in the axial direction of a plurality of rotating shafts provided in parallel, crushed by mutually matching cutting blades, and crushed. A crushing method in which the crushed material is circulated in the crusher body and crushed multiple times, and the crushed material is discharged from the lower part of the crusher body.  3 4. The crushed material that has been thrown in from one axial end of the rotating shaft at the top of the crusher body and crushed by the cutting blade is crushed multiple times by the cutting blade while being fed laterally toward the other axial end of the rotating shaft. 34. The shearing type crushing method according to claim 33, wherein the crushed material is discharged from the other axial end of the rotating shaft.  35. The crushed material having a size equal to or less than a predetermined aperture in the crushed material, and the crushed material having first crushed with the cutting blade and having a size equal to or less than the predetermined size are discharged from a lower portion of the input port, and are crushed. The shearing-type crushing method according to claim 34, wherein the crushed material having an opening or more is crushed a plurality of times by a cutting blade while being laterally fed toward the other axial end of the rotating shaft. 3 6. The crushed material to be crushed is moved from the lower part on the inlet side to the upper part on the outlet side. 35. The shearing-type crushing method according to claim 33 or claim 34, wherein the shearing-type crushing method is further performed so as to be re-crushed between the cutting blades.