WO2005075641A1 - スクリーニング方法 - Google Patents
スクリーニング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005075641A1 WO2005075641A1 PCT/JP2005/001887 JP2005001887W WO2005075641A1 WO 2005075641 A1 WO2005075641 A1 WO 2005075641A1 JP 2005001887 W JP2005001887 W JP 2005001887W WO 2005075641 A1 WO2005075641 A1 WO 2005075641A1
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- relaxin
- polypeptide
- amino acid
- salpr
- acid sequence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/566—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor using specific carrier or receptor proteins as ligand binding reagents where possible specific carrier or receptor proteins are classified with their target compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2500/00—Screening for compounds of potential therapeutic value
- G01N2500/04—Screening involving studying the effect of compounds C directly on molecule A (e.g. C are potential ligands for a receptor A, or potential substrates for an enzyme A)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polypeptide having a useful feeding-enhancing action, a weight-gain action, and an obesity action, a therapeutic agent for a disease containing the polypeptide, and activation and suppression of a receptor for the polypeptide.
- the present invention relates to a screening method for a compound, a substance or a salt thereof, a kit for the screening, an antifeedant, a therapeutic agent for obesity or a therapeutic agent for diabetes comprising a substance that inhibits the expression of the polypeptide.
- Feeding is an indispensable action for animals to survive and live.
- Obesity is thought to be the result of an imbalance in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure in modern society during the satiety era.
- Obesity is also a risk factor for various diseases, including lifestyle-related diseases, and is gaining public interest.
- lifestyle-related diseases including lifestyle-related diseases, and is gaining public interest.
- obesity patients and their reserve groups are increasing at present.
- drugs that suppress nutrient absorption in peripheral tissues and drugs that act centrally to reduce food intake have been developed, but the development of an effective and safe drug that suppresses food intake as a therapeutic agent for obesity is desired. ing.
- an increase in food intake is related to the presence of the europeptidic peptide-related peptide in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, and a suppression of food intake in the presence of melanocortin and hypothalamic paraventricular force.
- Corticotropin-releasing hormone or thyrotropin-releasing hormone released Is reported to be involved (Non-Patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 1 There are still many unknowns in the complex neural network that controls eating while still gaining new knowledge about new neurotransmitters and their localization.
- GPCRs G protein-coupled receptors
- Orphan GPCRs have potential as targets for new therapeutic agents, and research on substances that identify ligands in vivo and activate or suppress functions is ongoing. It is extremely important to elucidate the function of the receptor and its ligand by administering the ligand-identified substance thus identified to a living body in order to provide a drug development.
- Relaxin a member of the Insulin'Relaxin family, is a secretory peptide produced by the corpus luteum and placenta, and was previously known to have effects on the maintenance of pregnancy and childbirth.
- Non-Patent Document 2 it has been reported that the water intake is increased by intravenous administration of relaxin 2 in rats (Non-Patent Document 2), but the relationship of relaxin to eating behavior is not known. ! / ,.
- Relaxin 3 (Relaxin-3) is a polypeptide named ZINSL7 (patent document 1). The protein encoded by the DNA newly identified from the gene sequence database based on the nucleotide sequence of the DNA encoding relaxin. . It has been reported that the relaxin 3 found activates cells by increasing the intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) of the immune cell line THP-1 (Patent Document 2, Non-patent Document 3). ). Then relaxi It was shown that N-3 was one of the ligands that bind to GGR LGR7 together with relaxin 2 (Non-Patent Document 4). LGR7 is expressed in the brain and peripheral tissues and has been suggested to be involved in the development of reproductive organs and pregnancy and childbirth. I understand well.
- cAMP intracellular cyclic AMP
- relaxin 3 is a receptor named SALPR (GPCR135), whose ligand in vivo was an unidentified GPCR, or a receptor ligand called GPR100 (hGPCRll, GPCR142).
- SALPR is known to be localized in the brain (Non-Patent Document 7), and it has been reported that it is present in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and supraoptic nucleus (Patent Documents 3 and 6).
- GPR100 is a systemically expressed receptor (Non-Patent Documents 8 and 9), but its function remains unknown.
- Non-Patent Document 6 it has been reported that relaxin 3 exists in a region called a bridge in the brain (Non-Patent Document 6), and it is thought that relaxin 3 may exert some function centrally as a peptide in the brain.
- relaxin 3 has the ability to regulate food intake, and whether relaxin 3 has the ability to regulate weight! There was no. Also unknown was whether relaxin 3 is associated with obesity.
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. 01Z068862 pamphlet
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-345468
- Patent Document 3 International Publication No. 2004Z082598 pamphlet
- Patent Document 4 WO 00Z24891 pamphlet
- Patent Document 5 International Publication No. 01Z48189 pamphlet
- Patent Document 6 International Publication No. 02Z31111 pamphlet
- Patent Document 7 International Publication No. 02Z61087 pamphlet
- Non-Patent Document l Spiegelman et al., Cell, 104, p. 541-543, 2001
- Non-patent document 2 Sinnayah et al., Endocrinology, 140, p. 5082-5086, 1999
- Non-patent document 3 Bathgate et al., Biol. Chem., 277, p. 1148-1157, 200
- Non-patent document 4 Sudo et al., Biol. Chem., 278, p. 7855-7862, 2003
- Non-patent document 5 Takeda et al., FEBS Letter, 520, p. 97-101, 2002
- Non-patent document 6 Liu et al. Biol. Chem., 278, p. 50754-50764, 2003
- Non-Patent Document 7 Matsumoto et al., Gene, 248, p. 183—189, 2000.
- Non-Patent Document 8 Liu et al., Biol. Chem., 278, p. 50765-50770, 2003
- Non-Patent Document 9 Boels et al., Br. J. Pharamacol., 140, p. 932-938, 2003 Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention relates to a polypeptide having a useful effect of promoting eating, a function of increasing body weight and an effect of obesity, a therapeutic agent for a disease containing the polypeptide, activation and suppression of a receptor of the polypeptide.
- the present invention relates to a screening method for a compound, a substance or a salt thereof, a kit for the screening, an antifeedant, a therapeutic agent for obesity or a therapeutic agent for diabetes comprising a substance that inhibits the expression of the polypeptide.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, by administering relaxin 3 into the rat ventricle and observing the amount of food after administration, relaxin 3 promotes eating. It has been found to have an effect.
- relaxin-3 after a single dose of relaxin-3 was administered to rats, blood collected from the rats was measured.
- leptin concentration which is known as an index of increase in body fat, was increased in the blood.
- continuous administration of relaxin 3 into the rat ventricle showed a significant increase in food consumption and body weight gain in the relaxin 3 administration group compared to the control vehicle administration group. There was no difference in locomotor activity between the two groups with continuous administration of relaxin 3.
- relaxin 3 has an effect of increasing body weight in addition to an effect of increasing food intake.
- relaxin 3 in rats that gained weight after administering relaxin 3, increased fat mass and increased blood lebutin levels, which are related to body fat content, were observed.
- insulin levels associated with diabetes There was also an increase in insulin levels associated with diabetes. From the above, it is considered that relaxin 3 is a polypeptide having a feeding-enhancing effect, a weight-increasing effect, and an obesity effect.
- the present invention has been achieved based on these findings. That is, the present invention
- a method for screening a compound or a salt thereof that promotes eating comprising:
- a method for screening a compound or a salt thereof, which enhances or suppresses food intake comprising:
- SALPR is a polypeptide containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4.
- a screening kit for a compound or a salt thereof that enhances food intake comprising:
- a screening kit for a compound or a salt thereof, which enhances or suppresses food intake comprising:
- SALPR is a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4
- a method for screening a compound having a weight increasing effect or a salt thereof comprising:
- a method for screening a compound or a salt thereof for increasing or decreasing body weight characterized by comprising:
- SALPR is a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4
- a screening kit for a compound having a weight increasing effect or a salt thereof comprising:
- a screening kit of a compound or a salt thereof for increasing or decreasing body weight characterized by comprising:
- SALPR is a polypeptide containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4.
- a method for screening a compound or a salt thereof, which controls obesity comprising:
- the method for screening a compound or a salt thereof for regulating obesity which comprises:
- a screening kit for a compound or a salt thereof related to obesity regulation comprising:
- a screening kit for a compound or a salt thereof related to obesity regulation comprising:
- the screening kit for a compound or a salt thereof for regulating obesity which comprises:
- SALPR is a polypeptide containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4.
- the agent according to (36), wherein the compound having a SALPR inhibitory activity is a compound obtained by the screening method according to (7) or (8).
- a weight-loss agent comprising a compound having a SALPR inhibitory action.
- the agent according to (38), wherein the compound having a SALPR inhibitory activity is a compound obtained by the screening method according to (19) or (20).
- a therapeutic agent for obesity comprising a compound having a SALPR inhibitory action.
- the compound having a SALPR inhibitory activity is a compound obtained by the screening method according to any one of (19), (20), (29) and (30). The agent according to 42).
- An antidiabetic agent comprising a compound having a SALPR inhibitory action.
- a compound or a compound thereof that enhances or suppresses eating comprising a step of administering a compound that acts on a relaxin 3 receptor to a human or a non-human organism, and measuring a food intake after administration. Salt screening method.
- (51) a step of administering a compound that acts on the relaxin 3 receptor to a human or a non-human organism, and measuring an index of obesity after administration, the compound or a salt thereof related to obesity regulation. Screening method.
- FIG. 2A shows a construction diagram of CRE4VIPZpBluescriptIISK (+).
- FIG. 2B shows a construction diagram of pBabeCLX.
- FIG. 2C shows a construction diagram of pBabeCLcre4vPdNN.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing evaluation (screening) of a relaxin 3 antagonist compound using SALPR-SE302 cells.
- FK (—) is forskolin untreated group
- FK (+) is 3 ⁇ forskolin treated group
- FK (+) & RLX-3 is forskolin and 3 ⁇ relaxin 3 treatment group
- FK (+) & RLX-3 & Compound 1 indicates a treatment group in which forskolin, relaxin 3 and compound 1 coexist.
- This figure shows the effect of a single administration of relaxin 3 on the food intake in normal rats.
- the open squares indicate the vehicle administration group (control), and the closed squares indicate the relaxin 3 administration group.
- the vertical axis shows the average value and standard error of food consumption (g) per animal in each group.
- FIG. 6 shows the effect of a single administration of relaxin 3 into the ventricle of normal rats on blood lebutin concentration.
- Open squares indicate the vehicle-administered group (control), and closed squares indicate the relaxin 3-administered group.
- O The vertical axis indicates the mean and standard deviation of the blood lebutin concentration (ngZmL) of each group.
- This figure shows the effect on body weight gain of relaxin 3 administered continuously in the ventricle of normal rats.
- the open squares indicate the vehicle administration group (control), and the closed squares indicate the relaxin 3 administration group.
- the vertical axis shows the average value and standard deviation of weight gain (g) per animal in each group.
- the open squares indicate the vehicle administration group (control), and the closed squares indicate the relaxin 3 administration group.
- the vertical axis shows the average value and the standard deviation of the food consumption (g) per animal in each group.
- This figure shows the effect of relaxin 3 administered continuously into the ventricle of normal rats on peritesticular fat weight.
- the open squares indicate the vehicle administration group (control), and the closed squares indicate the relaxin 3 administration group.
- the vertical axis shows the average value and the standard deviation of fat weight (g) per animal in each group.
- FIG. 10 shows changes in blood hormones due to relaxin 3 continuously administered into the ventricle of normal rats.
- FIG. 10A shows the effect on blood lebutin concentration.
- the open squares indicate the vehicle administration group (control), and the closed squares indicate the relaxin 3 administration group.
- the vertical axis indicates the mean value and standard deviation of the blood lebutin concentration (ngZml) per animal in each group.
- FIG. 10B shows the effect on blood insulin concentration.
- the open squares indicate the vehicle administration group, and the closed squares indicate the relaxin 3 administration group.
- the vertical axis indicates the average value and the standard deviation of the blood insulin concentration (ngZml) per animal in each group. [Fig. 11] Fig.
- 11 shows changes in the weight gain of rats bred while continuously measuring relaxin-3 after intravenous administration of relaxin-3.
- the open squares indicate the vehicle administration group (control), and the closed squares indicate the relaxin 3 administration group.
- the vertical axis shows the average value and standard deviation of the weight gain (g) per animal in each group.
- the white triangles in the figure indicate the momentum measurement days in the light period, and the black triangles indicate the momentum measurement days in the dark period.
- FIG. 12 shows the effect on locomotor activity of rats to which relaxin-3 was continuously administered intraventricularly.
- the open squares indicate the vehicle administration group (control), and the closed squares indicate the relaxin 3 administration group.
- the vertical axis shows the average value and standard deviation of the total activity (count) per animal in each group.
- the ⁇ relaxin 3 '' used in the present invention is also referred to as a newly identified relaxin-3 (Relaxin-3) (INSL7 (GenBank accession number NM-080864)).
- J Biol. Chem. 277, 1148-1157 (2002)
- i a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2. I do.
- Relaxin 3 includes (ii) a modified polypeptide functionally equivalent to the polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, (iii) a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 And homologous polypeptides having amino acid sequence power having a homology of 70% or more with respect to the amino acid sequence of As the relaxin 3 used in the present invention, a "polypeptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2" is preferable.
- the polypeptide includes a salt of the polypeptide, and further includes both those having no sugar chain and those having a sugar chain.
- modified polypeptide refers to one or more of the polypeptides containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2
- modified polypeptide refers to one or more of the polypeptides containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2
- relaxin 3 e.g, a relaxin 3 receptor and
- substitution refers to replacing one or more amino acid residues with another chemically similar amino acid residue so as not to substantially alter the activity of the peptide.
- Functionally similar amino acids that can make such substitutions are known in the art for each amino acid.
- non-polar (hydrophobic) amino acids include alanine, norin, isoleucine, leucine, proline, tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine and the like.
- Examples of polar (neutral) amino acids include glycine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, glutamine, asparagine, and cysteine.
- Examples of (basic) amino acids having a positive charge include arginine, histidine, lysine and the like.
- Examples of negatively charged (acidic) amino acids include aspartic acid and glutamic acid.
- the number of amino acids that may be deleted, substituted, inserted and z or added is, for example,
- the number is preferably 1 to 30, preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, still more preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 1 to 2.
- the modified polypeptide includes a salt of the modified polypeptide, and further includes both those having no sugar chain and those having a sugar chain. Accordingly, as long as these conditions are satisfied, the origin of the modified polypeptide is not limited to human. For example, relaxin 3 or a mutant thereof derived from a non-human organism [eg, a non-human mammal (eg, mouse, rat, hamster, pig, dog, etc.), bird, reptile, amphibian, fish, insect, etc.] is included. .
- the above-mentioned homologous polypeptide is not particularly limited as long as it is composed of an amino acid sequence having 70% or more homology with respect to the amino acid sequence of relaxin 3, but is preferably 80% or more with respect to relaxin 3. More preferably at least 85%, even more preferably at least 90%, even more preferably at least 95%, particularly preferably at least 98%, and most preferably at least 99% of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence having a homology of at least 99%.
- the activity is substantially the same as that of relaxin-3 (for example, its ability to bind to relaxin-3 It means a polypeptide having various cell stimulating activities, a feeding-enhancing effect, a weight-gaining effect or an obesity effect.
- the numerical value of “homology” may be any value calculated using a homology search program known to those skilled in the art.
- NCBI National Center for Biotechnology Information
- Algorithm BLAST Basic 1 ocal alignment searcn tool
- the homologous polypeptide includes a salt of the homologous polypeptide, and further includes both those having no sugar chain and those having a sugar chain. Therefore, as long as these conditions are satisfied, the origin of the homologous polypeptide is not limited to human. For example, relaxin 3 or a mutant thereof derived from a non-human organism [eg, a non-human mammal (eg, mouse, rat, mouse, muster, pig, dog, etc.), bird, reptile, amphibian, fish, insect, etc.] included.
- a non-human organism eg, a non-human mammal (eg, mouse, rat, mouse, muster, pig, dog, etc.), bird, reptile, amphibian, fish, insect, etc.
- variable refers to “variation”, that is, an individual difference observed in the same polypeptide in the same species, or a difference observed in several types of homologous polypeptides.
- the relaxin 3 (that is, relaxin 3, a modified polypeptide, a homologous polypeptide) used in the present invention can be obtained by various known methods, for example, a genetic engineering method, a synthetic method, and the like. Specifically, in the case of a genetic engineering technique, a polynucleotide encoding relaxin 3 is introduced into an appropriate host cell, cultured under conditions that allow expression from the resulting transformant, and the isolated and isolated proteins are expressed. The culture can be prepared by separating and purifying the desired polypeptide by a method generally used for purification.
- the polypeptide to be used may be a polypeptide having undergone processing of a secretory protein such as cross-linking between cysteine, which may be the full length or a part of SEQ ID NO: 2, N-terminal cyclic glutamation, and C-terminal amidation. .
- the polynucleotide encoding relaxin 3 used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide used in the present invention.
- the term “polynucleotide” in the present specification includes both DNA and RNA. Specific examples of the polynucleotide used in the present invention include those selected from the group consisting of the following (a) to (e).
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide comprising "1 or more (preferably 1 or several) of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2; Or amino acid sequence in which a plurality (preferably one or several) amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted and Z or added, and the amino acid has substantially the same activity as the relaxin 3 described above. Having a polypeptide. "
- the number of amino acids that may be deleted, substituted, inserted and Z or added is, for example, 110, preferably 120, more preferably 110, and still more preferably 110. Five, particularly preferably one or two.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide which "is hybridized with a polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 under stringent conditions.
- the polypeptide also encodes a polypeptide having substantially the same activity as the relaxin 3 described above.
- polynucleotides that hybridize under stringent conditions include, specifically, FASTA, BLAST, Smith-Waterman [Meth. Enzym., 164]. , 765 (1988)) and the like, when calculated using default (initial setting) parameters, at least 70%, preferably 80% or more of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1. And more preferably at least 85%, more preferably at least 90%, even more preferably at least 95%, particularly preferably at least 98%, and most preferably at least 99%.
- under stringent conditions refers to a solution in a hybridization buffer that can be generally used by those skilled in the art at a temperature of 40 ° C to 70 ° C, preferably 60 ° C to 65 ° C.
- the reaction can be carried out, and the reaction can be performed according to a method of washing in a washing solution having a salt concentration of 15 to 300 mmol ZL, preferably 15 to 60 mmol ZL.
- the temperature and salt concentration can be appropriately adjusted according to the length of the probe to be used.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention can be, for example, a naturally occurring one or a totally synthesized one. Furthermore, it can be synthesized using a part of a naturally occurring product.
- Typical methods for obtaining the polynucleotide used in the present invention include, for example, a method commonly used in the field of gene engineering, for example, a commercially available library or a cDNA library, for example, a partial amino acid sequence (for example, SEQ ID NO: 2). A method using an appropriate DNA probe prepared based on the information of the represented amino acid sequence).
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is preferably a "polynucleotide consisting of the base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1".
- the base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 has an open reading frame that starts with the 1st to 13th ATG and ends with the 427th to 429th TAG.
- Relaxin-3 used in the present invention is used as an anorectic enhancer to treat anorexia and nutritional disorders with reduced food intake, as a weight gain agent and a fat mass increase agent for diseases requiring weight gain, obesity It can be used as a medicament for the treatment of diseases caused by any abnormality in regulation and the treatment of diseases caused by abnormality of relaxin-3 or a polynucleotide encoding relaxin-3.
- reduced eating (or appetite) and recovery of Z or body weight associated with the onset of various diseases or treatment of various diseases (eg, during and after surgery) It can also be used as a therapeutic drug for the purpose.
- the various diseases include, for example, diseases relating to gastrointestinal motility or function (e.g., diarrhea, constipation, functional constipation, irritable bowel symptom group, promotion of defecation for gastrointestinal examination or for eliminating intestinal contents before and after surgery).
- diseases relating to gastrointestinal motility or function e.g., diarrhea, constipation, functional constipation, irritable bowel symptom group, promotion of defecation for gastrointestinal examination or for eliminating intestinal contents before and after surgery.
- Diseases related to immune function regulation e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, renal disease, scleroderma, atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, multiple sclerosis, rheumatic interstitial pneumonia, sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, encephalomyelitis, myasthenia gravis), eating disorders, anorexia nervosa, AIDS, cancer, or cachexia.
- anorexia nervosa and cachexia are mentioned.
- the polypeptide or a salt thereof can be used alone. It can also be used as a pharmaceutical composition by mixing with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the “salt” in the present specification is not particularly limited as long as it forms a salt with the compound of the present invention and is pharmaceutically acceptable, but is preferably halogenated hydrochloride (for example, hydrofluoric acid).
- Hydrochloride, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, etc. inorganic acid salts (for example, sulfate, nitrate, perchlorate, phosphate, carbonate, bicarbonate, etc.)
- Organic carboxylate eg acetate, trifluoroacetate, oxalate, maleate, tartrate, fumarate, citrate etc.
- organic sulfonate eg methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate
- Salt ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, toluenesulfonate, camphorsulfonate, etc.
- amino acid salts eg, aspartate, dalt
- the ratio of the active ingredient to the carrier can be varied between 1 and 90% by weight.
- such agents may be used in humans or non-human organisms [eg, non-human mammals (eg, males, sales, birds, cats, mice, rats, wildlife, musters, pigs, dogs, etc.), birds, reptiles, Amphibians, fish, insects, etc.] can be administered in various forms, orally or parenterally (eg, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, rectal, transdermal). Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition containing relaxin 3 of the present invention is made into an appropriate dosage form depending on the administration route, and specifically, tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups, etc.
- Examples include oral preparations and parenteral preparations such as injections, drops, ribosomes, suppositories and the like. These preparations include commonly used excipients, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, surfactants, lubricants, dispersants, buffers, preservatives, solubilizers, preservatives , A flavoring agent, a soothing agent, a stabilizing agent, and the like.
- the non-toxic additives that can be used include, for example, lactose, fructose, glucose, starch, gelatin, magnesium stearate, methylcellulose, or salts thereof, ethanol, citric acid, sodium salt, sodium phosphate, and the like. And the like.
- the required dosage range depends on the selection of the polypeptide, the administration subject, the administration route, the properties of the preparation, the condition of the patient, and the judgment of the physician.
- an appropriate dose is, for example, about 0.1-g, preferably about 0.1-100 g, and more preferably about 150 g per kg of the patient's body weight.
- the required dosage is expected to vary widely. For example, oral administration would be expected to require higher doses than intravenous administration. Such variation in dosage level can be adjusted using standard empirical optimization procedures, as is well understood in the art.
- the receptor for relaxin 3 used in the present invention has a binding activity with relaxin 3 used in the present invention, and has a cell stimulating activity of relaxin 3 receptor-expressing cells (for example, intracellular activity).
- a cell stimulating activity of relaxin 3 receptor-expressing cells for example, intracellular activity.
- Calcium release, adenylate cyclase activation, intracellular cAMP production, intracellular cGMP production, inositol phospholipid production, cell membrane potential change, cell membrane ⁇ change, intracellular protein phosphorylation, c fos and c jun inducing activity, arachidonic acid release, etc. can be used.
- the present invention provides a method of screening for a compound that binds to SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof and regulates eating (promotes or suppresses eating).
- a test substance to act on SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof and measuring the cell stimulating activity, it can be determined whether the test substance has an action of promoting or suppressing feeding.
- SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof used in the present invention can be obtained by various known methods, for example, using a polynucleotide encoding SALPR (GenBank accession number NM-016568). It can be prepared by a known genetic engineering technique.
- the polypeptide can be obtained by a known method for synthesizing a polypeptide. For example, it can be synthesized according to a conventional method such as a liquid phase method or a solid phase method, and usually, an automatic synthesizer can be used.
- a partial polypeptide of SALPR can be prepared by cleaving SALPR with an appropriate proteolytic enzyme.
- the polypeptide encoding SALPR used in the present invention is a polypeptide containing the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 or a modification functionally equivalent to the polypeptide containing the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 With respect to the polypeptide or the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4, 70% or more homology, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, still more preferably 90% or more, still more preferably 95% or more An amino acid sequence having a homology of 98% or more, and most preferably 99% or more, and having substantially the same activity as SALPR (for example, the ability to bind to relaxin 3 and Resulting in various cell stimulating activities or feeding regulation).
- the modified polypeptide functionally equivalent to the polypeptide containing the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 has the amino acid sequence power of 1% in the polypeptide containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4.
- an amino acid sequence in which a plurality (preferably one or several) of amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted and Z- or added, and the force is substantially the same as that of SALPR
- a polypeptide having an activity eg, a binding ability to relaxin 3 and various cell stimulating activities resulting therefrom, or a feeding regulating action).
- a partial polypeptide of SALPR may also be used as long as it has substantially the same activity as SALPR (eg, the ability to bind to relaxin 3 and various cell stimulating activities resulting therefrom, or the action of regulating feeding). can do.
- a polynucleotide encoding SALPR is introduced into an appropriate host cell, cultured under conditions that allow expression from the resulting transformant, and expressed by a method generally used for separation and purification of an expressed protein.
- the desired polypeptide can be prepared by separating and purifying the desired polypeptide.
- the separation and purification methods include, for example, ammonium sulfate salting out, ion exchange column chromatography using ion exchange cellulose, molecular sieve column chromatography using molecular sieve gel, affinity column chromatography using protein A binding polysaccharide, dialysis, Alternatively, lyophilization and the like can be mentioned.
- the polynucleotide encoding SALPR used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide used in the present invention.
- the term “polynucleotide” in the present specification includes both DNA and RNA. Specific examples of the polynucleotide used in the present invention include those selected from the group consisting of the following (a) to (e).
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3.
- the polynucleotide represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 encodes SALPR which also has the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention may comprise "one or more (preferably one or several) amino acid sequences at the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4. Wherein one or more (preferably one or several) amino acids include a deleted, substituted, inserted and / or Z-added amino acid sequence, and have substantially the same activity as the SALPR. "A polypeptide”.
- the number of amino acids that may be deleted, substituted, inserted and Z or added is, for example, 110, preferably 120, more preferably 110, and still more preferably 110. Five, particularly preferably one or two.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide which "is hybridized with a polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 under stringent conditions. And a polypeptide having substantially the same activity as the SALPR.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide that ⁇ is hybridized with the polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 under stringent conditions, The strength also encodes "a polypeptide having substantially the same activity as the SALPR.”
- the plasmid used for the transformation is not particularly limited as long as it contains the above-described SALPR-encoding polynucleotide, and may be a known expression vector appropriately selected depending on the host cell used. A plasmid obtained by inserting the polynucleotide can be mentioned.
- the transformant is not particularly limited as long as it contains the polynucleotide encoding SALPR as described above.
- the transformant is a transformant in which the polynucleotide is integrated into the chromosome of a host cell.
- the polynucleotide The transformant may be a transformant containing the form of a plasmid containing SALPR or a transformant not expressing SALPR.
- the transformant can be obtained by transforming a desired host cell with, for example, the plasmid or the polynucleotide itself.
- a commonly used known microorganism such as Escherichia coli (eg, Escherichia coli JM109 strain) or yeast (eg, Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 strain), or a known cultured cell, for example, animal cell ( Examples include CHO cells, HEK-293 cells, or COS cells) or insect cells (eg, BmN4 cells).
- Escherichia coli eg, Escherichia coli JM109 strain
- yeast eg, Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 strain
- a known cultured cell for example, animal cell ( Examples include CHO cells, HEK-293 cells, or COS cells) or insect cells (eg, BmN4 cells).
- Examples of the known expression vectors include, for example, pUC, pTV, pGEX, pKK, or pTrcHis for Escherichia coli; pEMBLY or pYES2 for yeast; CHO cells, HEK- For 293 cells and COS cells, pcDNA3, pMAMneo or pBabe Puro; for BmN4 cells, vectors having the polyhedrin promoter of the silkworm nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) (for example, PBK283). it can.
- BmNPV silkworm nucleopolyhedrovirus
- Cells containing SALPR are not particularly limited as long as they express SALPR on the cell membrane surface.
- the transformant that is, transformed with a plasmid containing a polynucleotide encoding SALPR) Cells
- the transformant under conditions that allow SALPR expression, or by injecting SALPR-encoding RNA into appropriate cells and culturing under conditions that allow SALPR expression. You can get by doing.
- the cell membrane fraction containing SALPR used in the present invention can be obtained by, for example, disrupting cells expressing the SALPR according to the present invention and then separating a fraction containing a large amount of cell membrane.
- a method for crushing cells for example, a method of crushing cells with a homogenizer (for example, a Potter Elvehiem type homogenizer), crushing with a Warlinda blender or a polytron (Kinematica), crushing with ultrasonic waves, or thinning while applying pressure with a French press or the like Nozzle force Crushing by ejecting cells can be mentioned.
- the cell membrane fractionation method examples include, for example, a fractionation method using centrifugal force, for example, a fractionation centrifugation method or a density gradient centrifugation method.
- a fractionation method using centrifugal force for example, a fractionation centrifugation method or a density gradient centrifugation method.
- SALPR or the cell membrane fraction ie, a cell membrane fraction containing SALPR
- the cell ie, SALPR-containing cells
- a method for examining whether a test substance specifically binds to SALPR and a cell stimulating activity for example, cell Release of intracellular calcium, adenylate cyclase activity, intracellular cAMP production, intracellular cGMP production, inositol phospholipid production, cell membrane potential change, ⁇ ⁇ change near cell membrane, intracellular protein phosphorylation, c fos and cHun-inducing activity, arachidonic acid release, etc.
- a cell stimulating activity for example, cell Release of intracellular calcium, adenylate cyclase activity, intracellular cAMP production, intracellular cGMP production, inositol phospholipid production, cell membrane potential change, ⁇ ⁇ change near cell membrane, intracellular protein phosphorylation, c fos and cHun-inducing activity, arachidonic acid release, etc.
- SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell is contacted with a test substance, and SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell is bound to the test substance.
- compounds can be screened without discriminating their ability to promote or suppress feeding through SALPR.
- SA LPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell is contacted with a labeled natural ligand (ie, relaxin 3) under the conditions in the absence of the test substance and in the presence of the test substance.
- a labeled natural ligand ie, relaxin 3
- comparing the specific binding amount of the natural ligand through the SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell under the above-mentioned conditions to thereby discriminate the compound without discriminating the ability to promote or suppress the feeding through the SALPR.
- a labeled natural ligand when comparing the specific binding amount of the natural ligand via SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell, a labeled natural ligand can be used as the natural ligand.
- the index for example, radioisotopes, enzymes, fluorescent substances, luminescent substances and the like are used.
- radioisotope for example, [], [ 14 C], [ 125 I], [ 35 S] and the like can be used.
- the enzyme for example, j8-galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase and the like can be used.
- fluorescent substance for example, fluoresceisothiocyanate, BODIPY, or the like can be used. Luciferin, lucigenin, or the like can be used as a luminescent substance. In some cases, a biotin-avidin system can be used to bind the natural ligand to the labeling substance.
- a compound that binds to SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell and inhibits the binding of these to a natural ligand can be used to promote or suppress SALPR-mediated feeding. Can be screened without discrimination of their ability to do so.
- the cell and a labeled natural ligand are used under the respective conditions in the absence and presence of the test substance.
- a labeled natural ligand ie, relaxin 3
- Compounds can be screened for their ability to promote or inhibit eating.
- a test substance that binds to the cell and has a cell stimulating activity via a receptor contained in the cell is selected as a compound that promotes SALPR-mediated feeding. can do.
- a test substance that inhibits the binding between the cell and the natural ligand but does not have cell stimulating activity can be selected as a compound that suppresses SALPR-mediated feeding.
- the screening method according to the present invention can be carried out by utilizing, for example, the activity suppression of adenylate cyclase as the cell stimulating activity.
- cAMP generated in cells by the activity of adenylate cyclase can be measured or measured by a known method to promote or suppress feeding through SALPR.
- Compounds can be screened for their ability
- the This embodiment utilizes intracellular signal transduction caused by binding of a natural ligand to SALPR, that is, suppression of the activity of adenylate cyclase, which is one of the cell stimulating activities of SALPR.
- a natural ligand binds to SALPR, it is conjugated to SALPR! /, which inhibits the Gi family, one of the G protein families, and suppresses adenylate cyclase, and is produced intracellularly.
- cyclic AMP cyclic AMP
- adenylate cyclase in mammalian cells (eg, HEK-293 cells or CHO cells) expressing SALPR on the cell membrane (preferably, overexpressing by introducing an expression vector containing SALPR).
- Addition of an agent, such as forskolin (FSK) increases intracellular cAMP levels.
- the amount of cAMP produced can be reduced by contacting the test substance alone instead of the natural ligand via SALPR in this screening system (ie, Compounds having the same action as natural ligands) may be selected.
- an adenylate cyclase activator When screening for a compound having an action of suppressing feeding, it is preferable to add an adenylate cyclase activator, a natural ligand of SALPR, and a test substance to the cells for screening.
- the ability to reduce the amount of cAMP produced by the action of the natural ligand as compared to the case where the adenylate cyclase activator is added alone The decrease in the amount of cAMP produced when the test substance antagonizes the action of the natural ligand Suppress.
- the test substance can be selected as a compound having an antifeedant effect.
- an immunoassay or the like may be used, for example, a commercially available cAMP quantification kit.
- SALPR is expressed on the cell membrane (preferably, SALPR-containing expression vector is introduced and overexpressed), and cAMP response is observed.
- a reporter gene whose sequence (CRE) is located 5 ′ upstream eg, an alkaline phosphatase gene, a luciferase gene, a beta-lactamase gene, a nitroreductase gene, a chloramphene-coal acetyltransferase gene, a beta-galactosidase gene, etc.
- CRE sequence
- GFP Green Fluorescent Protein
- the CRE introduced into the screening cell is a nucleotide sequence commonly present in the transcriptional regulatory region of a group of genes (cAMP-inducible genes) whose expression increases when the concentration of cAMP in the cell increases. Therefore, when an adenylate cyclase activating agent (for example, FSK) is added to the cells for screening, the concentration of cAMP in the cells increases, and as a result, the expression level of the reporter gene located downstream of CRE is reduced. To increase.
- the expression level of the reporter gene product can be easily determined by measuring the luminescence derived from the amount of luminescent substance generated from the substrate by reacting with the reporter gene product or by measuring the fluorescence derived from the fluorescent protein produced as the reporter gene. It is possible to measure at a time.
- the adenylate cyclase activator when added, when the natural ligand of SALPR is added, the aforementioned adenylate cyclase activity caused by the adenylate cyclase activator is promoted.
- the natural ligand acts on the SALPR according to the present invention to inhibit the activity of adenylate cyclase, as a result, the reporter gene product is reduced as compared with the case where the adenylate cyclase activator is administered alone. Expression level decreases.
- this screening system reduces the expression level of the reporter gene product by contacting the test substance alone instead of the natural ligand via SALPR. (Ie, have the same effect as the natural ligand) It is better to select a compound.
- an adenylate cyclase activator When screening for a compound having an action of suppressing feeding, it is preferable to add an adenylate cyclase activator, a natural ligand of SALPR, and a test substance to the cells for screening.
- the test substance antagonizes the action of the natural ligand, the reporter gene product Suppresses the decrease in expression of At this time, the test substance can be selected as a compound having an antifeedant effect.
- test substance is an effect through binding to SALPR
- screening cells that is, cells expressing SALPR on the cell membrane and having a CRE containing a reporter gene located 5 ′ upstream
- control cells eg, CRE Performs a similar test using a cell which contains a reporter gene located 5 'upstream, but which expresses SALPR on the cell membrane.
- the test substance selected by the above-described screening method is a human or a non-human organism [eg, a non-human mammal (eg, male, monkey, bird, cat, mouse, rat) Hamsters, pigs, dogs, etc.), birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects, etc.) and analyze the parameters such as the amount of food consumed and changes in blood parameters after administration to control food intake.
- a non-human mammal eg, male, monkey, bird, cat, mouse, rat
- Hamsters, pigs, dogs, etc. birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects, etc.
- the mammal is not limited to a normal animal, and may be a hereditary disease model animal (eg, obZob mouse, dbZdb mouse, Zucker fatty rat, etc., which is an obesity disease model), or a genetically modified animal.
- the test substance is administered orally or parenterally.
- Parenteral routes of administration include, for example, intravenous, intraarterial, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, airway, rectal, and brain.
- Intraventricular administration preferably in the vicinity of the hypothalamus.
- As an indicator for screening in addition to food intake, it is also effective to measure, for example, body weight, exercise, energy metabolism, blood sugar and lipid levels, or hormone and secretory peptide levels.
- conditions such as fasting or satiety and further lipid-excess diet can be imposed during administration.
- the number of administrations of the test substance can be divided into one or several times a day. The period may range from one day to several weeks.
- the receptor for relaxin 3 used in the present invention has a binding activity with relaxin 3 used in the present invention, and has a cell stimulating activity of relaxin 3 receptor-expressing cells (for example, intracellular activity).
- a cell stimulating activity of relaxin 3 receptor-expressing cells for example, intracellular activity.
- Calcium release, adenylate cyclase activation, intracellular cAMP production, intracellular cGMP production, inositol phospholipid production, cell membrane potential change, cell membrane ⁇ change, intracellular protein phosphorylation, c fos and c jun inducing activity, arachidonic acid release, etc. can be used.
- a partial polypeptide of these receptors is not particularly limited as long as they can be used in the screening method described below.
- a partial polypeptide having the ability to bind to relaxin 3 and a partial polypeptide containing an amino acid sequence corresponding to the extracellular region Peptides and the like can also be used.
- the present invention provides a method of screening for a compound that binds to SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof and regulates body weight (increases or decreases body weight). Further, by applying a test substance to SALPR or its partial polypeptide and measuring the cell stimulating activity, it is possible to determine whether or not the test substance has an effect of increasing or decreasing body weight.
- SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof used in the present invention can be obtained by various known methods.
- a polynucleotide encoding SALPR (GenBank accession number NM-016568) can be used. It can be prepared by a known genetic engineering technique.
- the polypeptide can be obtained by a known method for synthesizing a polypeptide. For example, it can be synthesized according to a conventional method such as a liquid phase method or a solid phase method, and usually, an automatic synthesizer can be used.
- a partial polypeptide of SALPR can be prepared by cleaving SALPR with an appropriate proteolytic enzyme.
- the polypeptide encoding SALPR used in the present invention is a polypeptide containing the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 or a modification functionally equivalent to the polypeptide containing the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 With respect to the polypeptide or the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4, 70% or more homology, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, still more preferably 90% or more, still more preferably 95% or more An amino acid sequence having a homology of 98% or more, and most preferably 99% or more, and having substantially the same activity as SALPR (for example, the ability to bind to relaxin 3 and (A variety of cell stimulating activities or weight-regulating activities that occur).
- the modified polypeptide functionally equivalent to the polypeptide containing the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 has the amino acid sequence power of 1% in the polypeptide containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4. Or an amino acid sequence in which a plurality (preferably one or several) of amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted and Z- or added, and has substantially the same activity as SALPR (eg, the ability to bind relaxin 3) And various cell-stimulating activities or weight-regulating activities produced thereby.
- a partial polypeptide of SALPR is also used as long as it has substantially the same activity as SALPR (eg, the ability to bind to relaxin 3 and various cell stimulating activities resulting therefrom, or a weight regulating action). be able to.
- a polynucleotide encoding SALPR is introduced into an appropriate host cell, cultured under conditions that allow expression from the obtained transformant, and expressed by a method generally used for separation and purification of an expressed protein.
- the desired polypeptide can be prepared by separating and purifying the desired polypeptide.
- the separation and purification methods include, for example, ammonium sulfate salting out, ion exchange column chromatography using ion exchange cellulose, molecular sieve column chromatography using molecular sieve gel, affinity column chromatography using protein A binding polysaccharide, dialysis, Alternatively, lyophilization and the like can be mentioned.
- the polynucleotide encoding SALPR used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide used in the present invention.
- the term “polynucleotide” in the present specification includes both DNA and RNA. Specific examples of the polynucleotide used in the present invention include those selected from the group consisting of the following (a) to (e).
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3.
- the polynucleotide represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 encodes SALPR which also has the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention comprises a "sequence At one or more (preferably one or several) amino acid sequences represented by No. 4, one or more (preferably one or several) amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted and deleted. And Z or a polypeptide having an added amino acid sequence and having substantially the same activity as the SALPR.
- the number of amino acids that may be deleted, substituted, inserted and Z or added is, for example, 110, preferably 120, more preferably 110, and still more preferably 110. Five, particularly preferably one or two.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide which "is hybridized with the polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 under stringent conditions. And a polypeptide having substantially the same activity as the SALPR.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide that ⁇ is hybridized with the polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 under stringent conditions, The strength also encodes "a polypeptide having substantially the same activity as the SALPR.”
- the plasmid used for the transformation is not particularly limited as long as it contains the above-described SALPR-encoding polynucleotide, and may be a known expression vector appropriately selected depending on the host cell used. A plasmid obtained by inserting the polynucleotide can be mentioned.
- the transformant is not particularly limited as long as it contains the polynucleotide encoding SALPR as described above, and is, for example, a transformant in which the polynucleotide is integrated into the chromosome of a host cell.
- the transformant may be a transformant containing the polynucleotide in the form of a plasmid, or a transformant not expressing SALPR.
- the transformant can be obtained by transforming a desired host cell with, for example, the plasmid or the polynucleotide itself.
- Examples of the host cell include, for example, commonly used known microorganisms, for example, Escherichia coli (for example, Escherichia coli JM109 strain) or yeast (for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 strain), or known cultured cells, for example, animal cells ( For example, CHO cells, HEK-293 cells, or COS cells) or insect cells (eg, BmN4 cells) Can do.
- Escherichia coli for example, Escherichia coli JM109 strain
- yeast for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 strain
- known cultured cells for example, animal cells ( For example, CHO cells, HEK-293 cells, or COS cells) or insect cells (eg, BmN4 cells) Can do.
- Examples of the known expression vectors include, for example, pUC, pTV, pGEX, pKK, or pTrcHis for Escherichia coli; pEMBLY or pYES2 for yeast; CHO cells, HEK- For 293 cells and COS cells, pcDNA3, pMAMneo or pBabe Puro; for BmN4 cells, vectors having the polyhedrin promoter of the silkworm nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) (for example, PBK283). it can.
- BmNPV silkworm nucleopolyhedrovirus
- the SALPR-containing cell is not particularly limited as long as it expresses SALPR on the cell membrane surface.
- the above-mentioned transformant that is, transformed with a plasmid containing a polynucleotide encoding SALPR) Cells
- the above-mentioned transformant that is, transformed with a plasmid containing a polynucleotide encoding SALPR Cells
- injecting SALPR-encoding RNA into appropriate cells and culturing under conditions that allow SALPR expression You can get by doing.
- the cell membrane fraction containing SALPR used in the present invention can be obtained by, for example, crushing cells expressing the SALPR according to the present invention and separating a fraction containing a large amount of cell membrane.
- a method for crushing cells for example, a method of crushing cells with a homogenizer (for example, a Potter Elvehiem type homogenizer), crushing with a Warlinda blender or a polytron (Kinematica), crushing with ultrasonic waves, or thinning while applying pressure with a French press or the like Nozzle force Crushing by ejecting cells can be mentioned.
- a homogenizer for example, a Potter Elvehiem type homogenizer
- Warlinda blender or a polytron Korean press or the like
- Nozzle force Crushing by ejecting cells can be mentioned.
- the cell membrane fractionation method include, for example, a fractionation method using centrifugal force, for example, a fractionation centrifugation method or a density gradient centrifugation method.
- a method for examining whether or not a test substance specifically binds to SALPR and a cell stimulating activity for example, intracellular calcium Release, adenylate cyclase activity, intracellular cAMP production, intracellular cGMP production, inositol phospholipid production, cell membrane potential Change, pH change near the cell membrane, phosphorylation of intracellular proteins, inducing activity of cfos and cHun, arachidonic acid release, etc., and these methods can be used.
- a cell stimulating activity for example, intracellular calcium Release, adenylate cyclase activity, intracellular cAMP production, intracellular cGMP production, inositol phospholipid production, cell membrane potential Change, pH change near the cell membrane, phosphorylation of intracellular proteins, inducing activity of cfos and cHun, arachidonic acid release, etc.
- SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell is contacted with a test substance to determine whether the test substance binds to SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell.
- the compound can be screened without discriminating its ability to increase or decrease body weight via SALPR.
- the SA LPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell and the labeled natural ligand ie, relaxin 3
- the specific binding amount of the SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the natural ligand through the cells under the above-mentioned conditions to distinguish the ability to increase or decrease the body weight through the SALPR.
- Compounds can be screened without the need. That is, when the test substance has the ability to increase or decrease body weight through SALPR, the specific binding amount of SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the natural ligand through the cell in the absence of the test substance is considered. On the other hand, the specific binding amount in the presence of the test substance decreases.
- a labeled natural ligand when comparing the specific binding amount of the natural ligand via SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell, a labeled natural ligand can be used as the natural ligand.
- the indicator for example, a radioisotope, an enzyme, a fluorescent substance, a luminescent substance and the like are used.
- the radioisotope for example, [], [ 14 C], [ 125 I], [ 35 S] and the like can be used.
- the enzyme for example, j8-galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase and the like can be used.
- fluorescent substance for example, fluoresceisothiocyanate, BODIPY, or the like can be used. Luciferin, lucigenin, or the like can be used as a luminescent substance. In some cases, a biotin-avidin system can be used to bind the natural ligand to the labeling substance.
- SALPR or the cell membrane Compounds that bind to the fractions or to the cells and inhibit the binding of these to natural ligands can be screened without discriminating their ability to increase or decrease SALPR-mediated weight.
- the cell and a labeled natural ligand are used in the absence of the test substance and in the presence of the test substance.
- a labeled natural ligand ie, relaxin 3
- the specific binding amount of the natural ligand via the cell under each of the conditions comparing the specific cell stimulating activity of the natural ligand under the condition, thereby activating SALPR.
- Compounds can be screened for their ability to gain or lose weight.
- a test substance that binds to the cell and has a cell stimulating activity via a receptor contained in the cell is selected as a compound that increases body weight via SALPR. be able to.
- a test substance which inhibits the binding of the cell to a natural ligand but does not have a cell stimulating activity is selected as a compound which reduces SALPR-mediated weight. be able to.
- the screening method according to the present invention can be carried out by using, for example, suppression of the activity of adenylate cyclase as the cell stimulating activity.
- the ability to increase or decrease body weight via SALPR can be determined by measuring cAMP produced in cells by the activity of adenylate cyclase by a known method. And screening for compounds.
- This embodiment utilizes intracellular signal transduction caused by binding of a natural ligand to SALPR, that is, suppression of the activity of adenylate cyclase, which is one of the cell stimulating activities of SALPR.
- a natural ligand binds to SALPR, it is conjugated to SALPR! /, which inhibits the Gi family, one of the G protein families, and suppresses adenylate cyclase, and is produced intracellularly.
- cyclic AMP cyclic AMP
- mammalian-derived cells eg, HEK-293 cells or CHO cells
- SALPR on the cell membrane
- An activator of adenylate cyclase for example, forskolin (FSK)] increases the intracellular cAMP concentration.
- the adenylate cyclase activator when the adenylate cyclase activator is added, if the natural ligand of SALPR is added, the aforementioned adenylate cyclase activity promoted by the adenylate cyclase activator is promoted.
- the natural ligand acts on the SALPR according to the present invention to inhibit the activity of adenylate cyclase, as a result, cAMP production is reduced as compared with the case where the adenylate cyclase activator is administered alone. The amount is reduced.
- this screening system reduces the amount of cAMP produced by contacting the test substance alone instead of the natural ligand via SALPR (ie, natural A compound having the same action as the ligand) may be selected.
- an adenylate cyclase activator, a natural ligand of SALPR, and a test substance are preferably added to the cells for screening.
- the ability to reduce the amount of cAMP produced by the action of the natural ligand as compared to the case where the adenylate cyclase activator is added alone The decrease in the amount of cAMP produced when the test substance antagonizes the action of the natural ligand Suppress.
- the test substance can be selected as a compound having a weight-reducing action.
- a method for measuring the amount of intracellular cAMP for example, a commercially available cAMP quantification kit may be used, for example, Imnoassay.
- SALPR is expressed on a cell membrane (preferably, an expression vector containing SALPR is introduced and overexpressed), and the cAMP response element (CRE) is 5 '.
- An upstream reporter gene eg, alkaline phosphatase gene, luciferase gene, beta-lactamase gene, nitroreductase gene, chloramphene-coal acetyltransferase gene, beta-galactosidase gene, etc., or GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) Screening compounds by using SALPR-mediated ability to increase or decrease body weight by using cells containing fluorescent protein genes (eg, fluorescent protein genes, etc.) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “screening cells”).
- fluorescent protein genes eg, fluorescent protein genes, etc.
- the CRE introduced into the screening cell has a promoter region in the promoter region. It utilizes the fact that the transcription of the porter gene is suppressed.
- the CRE introduced into the screening cell is a nucleotide sequence commonly present in the transcriptional regulatory region of a group of genes (cAMP-inducible genes) whose expression increases when the concentration of cAMP in the cell increases. Therefore, when an adenylate cyclase activating agent (for example, FSK) is added to the cells for screening, the concentration of cAMP in the cells increases, and as a result, the expression level of the reporter gene located downstream of CRE is reduced. To increase.
- the expression level of the reporter gene product can be easily determined by measuring the luminescence derived from the amount of luminescent substance generated from the substrate by reacting with the reporter gene product or by measuring the fluorescence derived from the fluorescent protein produced as the reporter gene. It is possible to measure at a time.
- the adenylate cyclase activator when the adenylate cyclase activator is added, if the natural ligand of SALPR is added, the aforementioned adenylate cyclase activity promoted by the adenylate cyclase activator is promoted.
- the natural ligand acts on the SALPR according to the present invention to inhibit the activity of adenylate cyclase, as a result, the reporter gene product is reduced as compared with the case where the adenylate cyclase activator is administered alone. Expression level decreases.
- the screening system when screening for a compound having an effect of increasing body weight, the screening system reduces the expression level of the reporter gene product by contacting the test substance alone instead of the natural ligand via SALPR. It is better to select a compound (ie, having the same action as a natural ligand).
- an adenylate cyclase activator, a natural ligand of SALPR, and a test substance are preferably added to the cells for screening.
- the reporter gene product Suppresses the decrease in expression of At this time, the test substance can be selected as a compound having a weight-reducing action.
- screening cells that is, cells expressing SALPR on the cell membrane and having a CRE containing a reporter gene located 5 ′ upstream
- control cells eg, CRE Performs a similar test using a cell which contains a reporter gene located 5 'upstream, but which expresses SALPR on the cell membrane.
- the test substance selected by the above-described screening method is a human or a non-human organism [eg, a non-human mammal (eg, male, monkey, bird, cat, mouse, rat). Hamsters, pigs, dogs, etc.), birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects, etc.), and food intake, body weight, obesity indicators (e.g., body fat percentage, BMI (body mass index), Obesity, body type, body age, impedance, body fat mass, lean mass, body water mass, protein mass, muscle mass, inorganic mass, cell mass, muscle mass by site, water content by site, BMR (basal metabolic rate) , Energy requirements, abdominal obesity rate (VSR), visceral fat mass, subcutaneous fat mass, visceral fat mass level, organ weight, variability in blood parameters, leptin, sugar and lipid amounts in blood, or hormones And the amount of secreted peptide, etc.) Test substance that affects the heavy regulation can confirm and determine
- the mammal is not limited to a normal animal, and may be a hereditary disease model animal (eg, obZob mouse, dbZ db mouse, Zucker fatty rat, etc., which are obesity disease models) or a genetically modified animal.
- Administer the test substance orally or parenterally include, for example, intravenous, intraarterial, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intratracheal, rectal, intracerebral, preferably intraventricular administration near the hypothalamus.
- Indicators for screening include measurement of body weight, and it is also effective to measure indicators of food intake and obesity.
- conditions such as fasting or satiety, and an excess lipid diet may be imposed upon administration.
- the test substance may be administered once or several times a day. The period during which the test substance is administered or observed may range from one day to several weeks.
- the receptor for relaxin 3 used in the present invention has a binding activity with relaxin 3 used in the present invention, and has a cell stimulating activity of relaxin 3 receptor-expressing cells (for example, intracellular activity).
- a cell stimulating activity of relaxin 3 receptor-expressing cells for example, intracellular activity.
- Calcium release, adenylate cyclase activation, intracellular cAMP production, intracellular cGMP production, inositol phospholipid production, cell membrane potential change, cell membrane ⁇ change, intracellular protein phosphorylation, c fos and c jun inducing activity, arachidonic acid release, etc. can be used.
- a partial polypeptide of these receptors is not particularly limited as long as they can be used in the screening method described below.
- a partial polypeptide having the ability to bind to relaxin 3 and a partial polypeptide containing an amino acid sequence corresponding to the extracellular region Peptides and the like can also be used.
- the present invention provides a method of screening for a compound that binds to SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof and is involved in regulating obesity (promoting or suppressing obesity). Further, by allowing a test substance to act on SALPR or its partial polypeptide and measuring the cell stimulating activity, it can be determined whether or not the test substance has an action of promoting or suppressing obesity.
- SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof used in the present invention can be obtained by various known methods, for example, using a polynucleotide encoding SALPR (GenBank accession number NM-016568). It can be prepared by a known genetic engineering technique.
- the polypeptide can be obtained by a known method for synthesizing a polypeptide. For example, it can be synthesized according to a conventional method such as a liquid phase method or a solid phase method. Machine can be used.
- a partial polypeptide of SALPR can be prepared by cleaving SALPR with an appropriate proteolytic enzyme.
- the polypeptide encoding SALPR used in the present invention is a polypeptide containing an amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 or a modification functionally equivalent to a polypeptide containing an amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 With respect to the polypeptide or the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4, 70% or more homology, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, still more preferably 90% or more, still more preferably 95% or more An amino acid sequence having a homology of 98% or more, and most preferably 99% or more, and having substantially the same activity as SALPR (for example, the ability to bind to relaxin 3 and Polypeptides having various cell stimulating activities or obesity regulating effects).
- a modified polypeptide functionally equivalent to the polypeptide containing the amino acid represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 has the amino acid sequence power of 1% in the polypeptide containing the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4. Or an amino acid sequence in which a plurality (preferably one or several) of amino acids are deleted, substituted, inserted and Z- or added, and has substantially the same activity as SALPR (eg, the ability to bind relaxin 3) And the resulting polypeptides having various cell stimulating activities or obesity regulating effects).
- a partial polypeptide of SALPR is also used as long as it has substantially the same activity as SALPR (eg, the ability to bind to relaxin 3 and various cell stimulating activities resulting therefrom, or an obesity regulating action). be able to.
- a polynucleotide encoding SALPR is introduced into an appropriate host cell, cultured under conditions that allow expression from the resulting transformant, and expressed by a method generally used for separation and purification of an expressed protein.
- the desired polypeptide can be prepared by separating and purifying the desired polypeptide. Examples of the separation and purification methods include ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange column chromatography using ion exchange cellulose, molecular sieve gel And affinity chromatography using protein A-binding polysaccharides, such as column chromatography, dialysis, or lyophilization.
- the polynucleotide encoding SALPR used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide used in the present invention.
- the term “polynucleotide” in the present specification includes both DNA and RNA. Specific examples of the polynucleotide used in the present invention include those selected from the group consisting of the following (a) to (e).
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3.
- the polynucleotide represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 encodes SALPR which also has the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention may contain "one or more (preferably one or several) amino acid sequences at the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4. Wherein one or more (preferably one or several) amino acids include a deleted, substituted, inserted and / or Z-added amino acid sequence, and have substantially the same activity as the SALPR. "A polypeptide”.
- the number of amino acids that may be deleted, substituted, inserted and Z or added is, for example, 110, preferably 120, The number is more preferably 1 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 1 to 2.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide that "is hybridized with the polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 under stringent conditions. And a polypeptide having substantially the same activity as the SALPR.
- the polynucleotide used in the present invention is a polynucleotide that ⁇ is hybridized with the polynucleotide having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 under stringent conditions, The strength also encodes "a polypeptide having substantially the same activity as the SALPR.”
- the plasmid used for the transformation is not particularly limited as long as it contains the above-described SALPR-encoding polynucleotide, and may be any known expression vector appropriately selected depending on the host cell used. A plasmid obtained by inserting the polynucleotide can be mentioned.
- the transformant is not particularly limited as long as it contains the polynucleotide encoding SALPR as described above.
- the transformant is a transformant in which the polynucleotide is integrated into the chromosome of a host cell.
- the transformant may be a transformant containing the polynucleotide in the form of a plasmid, or a transformant not expressing SALPR.
- the transformant can be obtained by transforming a desired host cell with, for example, the plasmid or the polynucleotide itself.
- Examples of the host cell include, for example, commonly used known microorganisms, for example, Escherichia coli (eg, Escherichia coli JM109 strain) or yeast (for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 strain), or known cultured cells, for example, animal cells ( Examples include CHO cells, HEK-293 cells, or COS cells) or insect cells (eg, BmN4 cells).
- Escherichia coli eg, Escherichia coli JM109 strain
- yeast for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae W303 strain
- known cultured cells for example, animal cells ( Examples include CHO cells, HEK-293 cells, or COS cells) or insect cells (eg, BmN4 cells).
- Examples of the known expression vectors include, for example, pUC, pTV, pGEX, pKK, or pTrcHis for Escherichia coli; pEMBLY or pYES2 for yeast; CHO cells, HEK- For 293 and COS cells, pcDNA3, pMAMneo or pBabe Puro; for BmN4 cells, silkworm nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV)
- a vector having a polyhedrin promoter for example, PBK283 can be mentioned.
- the SALPR-containing cells are not particularly limited as long as they express SALPR on the cell membrane surface.
- the above-mentioned transformant that is, transformed with a plasmid containing a polynucleotide encoding SALPR) Cells
- the above-mentioned transformant that is, transformed with a plasmid containing a polynucleotide encoding SALPR) Cells
- the cell membrane fraction used in the present invention containing SALPR can be obtained, for example, by crushing cells expressing the SALPR according to the present invention and then separating a fraction containing a large amount of cell membrane.
- a method for crushing cells for example, a method of crushing cells with a homogenizer (for example, a Potter Elvehiem type homogenizer), crushing with a Warlinda blender or a polytron (Kinematica), crushing with ultrasonic waves, or thinning while applying pressure with a French press or the like Nozzle force Crushing by ejecting cells can be mentioned.
- a homogenizer for example, a Potter Elvehiem type homogenizer
- Warlinda blender or a polytron Korean press or the like
- Nozzle force Crushing by ejecting cells can be mentioned.
- the cell membrane fractionation method include, for example, a fractionation method using centrifugal force, for example, a fractionation centrifugation method or a density gradient centrifugation method.
- a method for examining whether or not a test substance specifically binds to SALPR and a cell stimulating activity for example, intracellular calcium Release, adenylate cyclase activity, intracellular cAMP generation, intracellular cGMP generation, inositol phospholipid generation, change in cell membrane potential, change in ⁇ near cell membrane, phosphorylation of intracellular proteins, induction of c fos and cHun
- a cell stimulating activity for example, intracellular calcium Release, adenylate cyclase activity, intracellular cAMP generation, intracellular cGMP generation, inositol phospholipid generation, change in cell membrane potential, change in ⁇ near cell membrane, phosphorylation of intracellular proteins, induction of c fos and cHun
- a method of examining the activity of arachidonic acid and the like can be used.
- SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell is contacted with a test substance, and the SALPR or the cell membrane fraction is contacted.
- a test substance for example, SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell is contacted with a test substance, and the SALPR or the cell membrane fraction is contacted.
- a compound by analyzing whether or not the test substance binds to the cells, a compound can be screened without discriminating the ability to promote or suppress obesity via SALPR.
- the SA LPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell is contacted with a labeled natural ligand (ie, relaxin 3). And comparing the specific binding amount of the natural ligand through the SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell under the above-mentioned conditions, to thereby discriminate the compound without discriminating the ability to promote or suppress the SALPR-mediated obesity.
- a labeled natural ligand ie, relaxin 3
- the specific binding amount of SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell is determined.
- the specific binding amount in the presence of the test substance decreases.
- a labeled natural ligand when comparing the specific binding amount of the natural ligand through SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell, a labeled natural ligand can be used as the natural ligand.
- a radioisotope for example, a radioisotope, an enzyme, a fluorescent substance, a luminescent substance and the like are used.
- the radioisotope include [], ["C", [ 125 I], [ 35 S], etc.
- the enzyme include j8-galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase and the like.
- fluoresceisothiocyanate, BODIPY, etc. can be used as the fluorescent substance
- luciferin, lucigenin, etc. can be used as the luminescent substance.
- Pyotin-avidin systems can also be used to bind substances.
- a compound that binds to SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cell and inhibits binding of these to a natural ligand is used to promote or suppress SALPR-mediated obesity.
- the screening can be performed without distinguishing the ability.
- the cell and the labeled natural ligand may be used in the absence of the test substance and in the presence of the test substance. That is, by contacting with relaxin 3), the specific binding amount of the natural ligand via the cell under each of the conditions is compared, and further, the specific cell stimulating activity of the natural ligand under the condition is compared. By doing so, compounds can be screened for their ability to promote or suppress SALPR-mediated obesity.
- a test substance that binds to the cell and has a cell stimulating activity via a receptor contained in the cell is selected as a compound that promotes SALPR-mediated obesity. be able to.
- a test substance that inhibits the binding between the cell and the natural ligand but does not have cell stimulating activity can be selected as a compound that suppresses SALPR-mediated obesity.
- the screening method according to the present invention can be carried out by utilizing, for example, the activity suppression of adenylate cyclase as the cell stimulating activity.
- the ability to promote or suppress SALPR-mediated obesity can be determined by measuring cAMP generated in cells by the activity of adenylate cyclase by a known method. And screening for compounds.
- This embodiment utilizes intracellular signal transduction caused by binding of a natural ligand to SALPR, that is, suppression of the activity of adenylate cyclase, which is one of the cell stimulating activities of SALPR.
- a natural ligand binds to SALPR, it is conjugated to SALPR! /, which inhibits the Gi family, one of the G protein families, and suppresses adenylate cyclase, and is produced intracellularly.
- cyclic AMP cyclic AMP
- adenylate cyclase in mammalian cells (eg, HEK-293 cells or CHO cells) expressing SALPR on the cell membrane (preferably, overexpressing by introducing an expression vector containing SALPR).
- Addition of an agent, such as forskolin (FSK) increases intracellular cAMP levels.
- the screening system when screening for a compound having an effect of promoting obesity, the screening system reduces the amount of cAMP produced by contacting a test substance alone instead of a natural ligand via SALPR (ie, A compound having the same action as the ligand) may be selected.
- an adenylate cyclase activator When screening for a compound having an effect of suppressing obesity, it is preferable to add an adenylate cyclase activator, a natural ligand of SALPR, and a test substance to the cells for screening.
- the ability to reduce the amount of cAMP produced by the action of the natural ligand as compared to the case where the adenylate cyclase activator is added alone The decrease in the amount of cAMP produced when the test substance antagonizes the action of the natural ligand Suppress.
- the test substance can be selected as a compound having an obesity-suppressing action.
- a method for measuring the amount of intracellular cAMP for example, a commercially available cAMP quantification kit can be used, for example, a method such as Immonoassay.
- SALPR is expressed on a cell membrane (preferably, overexpressed by introducing an expression vector containing SALPR), and the cAMP response element (CRE) is 5 '.
- An upstream reporter gene eg, alkaline phosphatase gene, luciferase gene, beta-lactamase gene, nitroreductase gene, chloramphene-coal acetyltransferase gene, beta-galactosidase gene, etc., or GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) Screening compounds by using cells containing fluorescent protein genes (e.g., fluorescent proteins, etc.) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "screening cells”) to differentiate their ability to promote or inhibit SALPR-mediated obesity be able to.
- This embodiment utilizes the fact that when the production of cAMP is reduced, as a result, the transcription of a reporter gene having a CRE in a promoter region introduced into the screening cell is suppressed.
- the CRE introduced into the screening cell is a transcriptional regulator of a group of genes (cAMP-inducible genes) whose expression is enhanced when the concentration of cAMP in the cell is increased.
- This is a base sequence that is commonly present in the region. Therefore, when an adenylate cyclase activating agent (for example, FSK) is added to the cells for screening, the concentration of cAMP in the cells increases, and as a result, the expression level of the reporter gene located downstream of CRE is reduced.
- the expression level of the reporter gene product can be easily determined by measuring the luminescence derived from the amount of luminescent substance generated from the substrate by reacting with the reporter gene product or by measuring the fluorescence derived from the fluorescent protein produced as the reporter gene. It is possible to measure at a time.
- the adenylate cyclase activator when the adenylate cyclase activator is added, if the natural ligand of SALPR is added, the aforementioned adenylate cyclase activity caused by the adenylate cyclase activator is promoted.
- the natural ligand acts on the SALPR according to the present invention to inhibit the activity of adenylate cyclase, as a result, the reporter gene product is reduced as compared with the case where the adenylate cyclase activator is administered alone. Expression level decreases.
- the screening system when screening for a compound having an effect of promoting obesity, the screening system reduces the expression level of the reporter gene product by contacting the test substance alone instead of the natural ligand via SALPR. It is better to select a compound (ie, having the same action as a natural ligand).
- an activator of adenylate cyclase, a natural ligand of SALPR, and a test substance are preferably added to the cells for screening.
- the test substance antagonizes the action of the natural ligand, the reporter gene product Suppresses the decrease in expression of At this time, the test substance can be selected as a compound having an obesity-suppressing action.
- test substance is an effect through binding to SALPR
- screening cells that is, cells expressing SALPR on the cell membrane and having a CRE containing a reporter gene located 5 ′ upstream
- control cells eg, CRE Contains a reporter gene located 5 'upstream, but does not express SALPR on the cell membrane.
- the test substance selected by the above-described screening method is a human or a non-human organism [eg, a non-human mammal (eg, male, monkey, bird, cat, mouse, rat) Hamsters, pigs, dogs, etc.), birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, insects, etc.) and food intake, body weight, obesity indicators (e.g., body fat percentage, BMI (body mass index), Obesity, body type, body age, impedance, body fat mass, lean mass, body water mass, protein mass, muscle mass, inorganic mass, cell mass, muscle mass by site, water content by site, BMR (basal metabolic rate) , Energy requirements, abdominal obesity rate (VSR), visceral fat mass, subcutaneous fat mass, visceral fat mass level, organ weight, variability in blood parameters, leptin, sugar and lipid amounts in blood, or hormones And the amount of secreted peptide, etc.) Test substance that affects the full effect can be confirmed and
- the mammal is not limited to a normal animal, and may be a hereditary disease model animal (eg, obZob mouse, dbZ db mouse, Zucker fatty rat, etc., which are obesity disease models) or a genetically modified animal.
- Parenteral routes of administration include, for example, intravenous, intraarterial, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intratracheal, rectal, intracerebral, preferably intraventricular administration near the hypothalamus.
- As an index for screening measurement of an index of obesity can be mentioned, and measurement of food intake and body weight is also effective.
- conditions such as fasting or satiety and further lipid-excess diet can be imposed during administration.
- the number of administrations of the test substance can be divided into one or several times a day. The period may range from one day to several weeks.
- test substance used in the present invention may be any compound.
- an expression product of a gene library, a synthetic low-molecular compound library, a nucleic acid (oligo DNA , Oligo RNA), synthetic peptide library, antibody, bacterial release substance, cell (microorganism, plant cell, animal cell) extract, cell (microorganism, plant cell, animal cell) culture supernatant, purification or partial purification Examples include polypeptides, extracts derived from marine organisms, plants or animals, soil, and random phage peptide display libraries.
- the screening kit of the present invention comprises a relaxin 3 receptor, preferably SALPR or the above-mentioned cell membrane fraction (ie, a cell membrane fraction containing SALPR), or the above-mentioned cells (ie, cells containing SALPR).
- the screening kit can optionally further include various reagents, such as labeled relaxin 3, unlabeled relaxin 3, buffer for binding reaction, and Z or washing buffer, instructions, and equipment.
- the screening kit comprises SALPR or the cell membrane fraction or the cells, and optionally includes a labeled natural ligand (ie, relaxin 3), an unlabeled natural ligand, and Z or binding.
- a labeled natural ligand ie, relaxin 3
- an unlabeled natural ligand ie, relaxin 3
- Reaction buffers, instructions, and equipment can be included.
- the screening kit of another embodiment of the present invention provides a relaxin 3 receptor, preferably SALPR, on a cell membrane (preferably, overexpressed by introducing an expression vector containing SALPR), and further comprises cAMP.
- a response element comprises a cell containing a reporter gene located 5 ′ upstream, and optionally a substrate such as alkaline phosphatase or luciferase, an adenylate cyclase activator (eg, FSK), a natural ligand (ie, Relaxin 3), and Z or binding buffers, instructions, and equipment.
- the screening kit of still another embodiment of the present invention expresses a relaxin 3 receptor, preferably SALPR, on a cell membrane (preferably, overexpresses by introducing an expression vector containing SALPR), and also has a strong ability.
- a relaxin 3 receptor preferably SALPR
- cells containing a reporter gene whose cAMP response element (CRE) is located 5 'upstream and cells containing a reporter gene whose CRE is located 5' upstream but which do not express SALPR on the cell membrane are classified into cells.
- a substrate for the reporter gene product an adenylate cyclase activator (eg, FSK), and a buffer for Z or binding reactions, instructions, and equipment.
- FSK adenylate cyclase activator
- a medicine containing the compound obtained by the screening method of the present invention is a compound that promotes or suppresses eating, a compound that increases or decreases body weight, or a compound that promotes or suppresses obesity.
- Such compounds include pharmaceutically acceptable salts which may form salts. Therefore, the compound or a salt thereof obtained by the screening method of the present invention is useful for treating a disease caused by any abnormality in eating (or appetite) regulation, treating a disease caused by any abnormality in weight regulation, and controlling obesity. It can be used as a medicament for treatment of a disease caused by any abnormality and treatment of a disease caused by an abnormality of relaxin 3 or a polynucleotide encoding relaxin 3.
- the diseases include, for example, diseases relating to gastrointestinal motility or function (for example, diarrhea, constipation, functional constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, facilitation of defecation for removing intestinal contents at the time of gastrointestinal examination or before and after surgery, etc.), Diseases related to immune function regulation (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, renal disease, scleroderma, atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, multiple sclerosis, rheumatic interstitial pneumonia, sarcoid-cis, clone Diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, encephalomyelitis, my
- diseases relating to gastrointestinal motility or function for example, diarrhea, constipation, functional constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, facilitation of defecation for removing intestinal contents at the time of gastrointestinal examination or
- diabetes obesity diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, ketosis, acidosis, glucoseuria
- Pathological neuropathy diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, angina, myocardial infarction, obesity, obesity, eating disorders, anorexia, etc.), AIDS, cancer, or evil Liquid quality Etc., and the like.
- cell stimulating activity via relaxin 3 receptor preferably SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof, more specifically, cell stimulation caused by binding of a natural ligand to SALPR or a partial polypeptide thereof Activity
- a natural ligand eg intracellular calcium release, adenylate cyclase activation, intracellular cAMP production, intracellular cGMP production, inositol phospholipid production, cell membrane potential change, pH change near cell membrane, phosphorylation of intracellular protein , C fos and cHun-inducing activity, arachidonic acid release, etc.
- SALPR inhibitory activity Drugs containing such compounds include anti-feeding agents, weight loss agents, fat loss agents, obesity A therapeutic agent, a therapeutic agent for diabetes, and the like.
- the obtained i-adduct or its salt can be used alone, but it can also be used as a pharmaceutical composition by mixing with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. At this time, the ratio of the active ingredient to the carrier can be varied between 1 and 90% by weight.
- a drug may be a human or non-human organism [eg, a non-human mammal (eg, male, monkey, bird, cat, mouse, rat, wild, muster, pig, dog, etc.), bird, reptile, amphibian, Fish, insects, etc.], various forms, oral or parenteral (eg, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous administration, rectal administration)
- the pharmaceutical composition containing the compound obtained by the screening method of the present invention or a salt thereof is formed into an appropriate dosage form depending on the administration route, and specifically, tablets, capsules, granules, Examples include oral preparations such as powders or syrups, and parenteral preparations such as injections, drops, ribosomes, suppositories and the like. These preparations contain commonly used excipients, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, surfactants, lubricants, dispersants, buffers, preservatives, solubilizers, preservatives It can be produced by a conventional method using a flavoring agent, a soothing agent, a stabilizer and the like.
- non-toxic additives examples include lactose, fructose, glucose, starch, gelatin, magnesium stearate, methylcellulose, or salts thereof, ethanol, citric acid, sodium salt sodium, sodium phosphate and the like. Is mentioned.
- the necessary dose range is determined by selecting a compound or a salt thereof obtained by the screening method of the present invention, an administration subject, an administration route, properties of a preparation, a patient condition, and a physician.
- a suitable dosage is in the range of, for example, about 1.0-1,500 g, preferably about 10-500 g per kg of patient body weight.
- the required dosage is expected to vary widely. For example, oral administration would be expected to require higher doses than intravenous administration. Such variations in dosage level can be adjusted using standard empirical optimization procedures, as is well understood in the art.
- Relaxin 3 used in the present invention i.e., relaxin 3, modified polypeptide, homologous
- the substance that inhibits the activity of (polypeptide) can suppress or inhibit the effect of increasing food intake, the effect of increasing body weight, and the effect of obesity. Therefore, those that inhibit the expression of relaxin 3 can be used to control the functions of relaxin 3 associated with food intake and body weight control in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro (for example, regulating energy metabolism and growth), and to limit obesity. May be possible.
- the substance that inhibits the activity of relaxin 3 used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the activity, but for example, a DNA having an antisense sequence of the nucleotide sequence encoding relaxin 3, or a gene encoding relaxin 3 Double-stranded RNA having a nucleotide sequence (small intefering RNA; siRNA), one that inhibits the expression of relaxin 3, such as ribozyme, or an antibody or glycoprotein of relaxin 3, a compound obtained by the above screening method, etc.
- Substances that interact with relaxin 3 or relaxin 3 receptor preferably, SALPR to inhibit the activity of relaxin 3.
- Such substances include pharmaceutically acceptable salts which may form salts. Therefore, a substance or a salt thereof that inhibits the activity of relaxin 3 (ie, relaxin 3, modified polypeptide, homologous polypeptide) may be used for treatment of diseases caused by any abnormality in the regulation of eating (or appetite), weight control, etc.
- a substance or a salt thereof that inhibits the activity of relaxin 3 ie, relaxin 3, modified polypeptide, homologous polypeptide
- a substance or a salt thereof that inhibits the activity of relaxin 3 may be used for treatment of diseases caused by any abnormality in the regulation of eating (or appetite), weight control, etc.
- a medicament for the treatment of a disease caused by any abnormality in the disease the treatment of a disease caused by any abnormality in obesity regulation, and the treatment of a disease caused by an abnormality in relaxin 3 or a polynucleotide encoding relaxin 3. .
- the diseases include, for example, diseases relating to gastrointestinal motility or function (e.g., diarrhea, constipation, functional constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, promotion of defecation for elimination of intestinal contents during gastrointestinal examination or before and after surgery).
- diseases relating to gastrointestinal motility or function e.g., diarrhea, constipation, functional constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, promotion of defecation for elimination of intestinal contents during gastrointestinal examination or before and after surgery.
- Diseases related to immune function regulation e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, renal disease, scleroderma, atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, multiple sclerosis, rheumatic interstitial pneumonia, sarcoid-cis) , Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, encephalomyelitis, myasthenia gravis), or diseases related to energy metabolism (e.g., diabetes, obese diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, ketosis, Acidosis, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, hyperlipidemia, Pulse sclerosis, angina, myocardial infarction, obesity, obesity, eating disorders, etc.).
- it can be used as an antifeedant, a weight loss agent, a fat loss agent, a therapeutic agent for obesity
- antisense nucleic acids suppress target gene expression include (1) inhibition of transcription initiation by triplex formation, and (2) hybridization with a local open loop structure formed by RNA polymerase. (3) inhibition of transcription by RNA formation, (4) inhibition of splicing by hybridization at the intron-exon junction, (5) inhibition of splicing by the formation of spliceosomes.
- the relaxin 3 antisense nucleic acid used in the present invention may be a nucleic acid that suppresses gene expression by any of the above-mentioned mechanisms (1)-(11). That is, it may contain not only the translated region of the gene whose expression is to be inhibited but also an antisense sequence to the sequence of the untranslated region.
- the DNA encoding the antisense nucleic acid can be used by being ligated under an appropriate control sequence enabling its expression.
- the antisense nucleic acid need not be completely complementary to the translated or untranslated region of the target gene, but may be any that effectively inhibits the expression of the gene.
- Such an antisense nucleic acid has a chain length of at least 15 bp or more, preferably 100 bp or more, more preferably 500 bp or more, and usually has a chain length of 3000 bp or less, preferably 2000 bp or less, and more preferably 100 bp or less. It is preferably at least 90%, more preferably at least 95% identical to the complementary strand of the product.
- Such an antisense nucleic acid is prepared by the phosphorotionate method (Stein (1988) Nucleic Acids Res. 16: 3209-21) based on the relaxin 3 sequence information. ) And the like.
- Ribozyme is a general term for catalysts comprising RNA as a component, and is roughly classified into large ribozyme (1 arge ribozyme) and small ribozyme (small liboyme). Large ribozymes are enzymes that cleave phosphate ester bonds of nucleic acids, leaving 5'-phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl groups at the reaction site after the reaction.
- Large ribozyme further comprises (1) guanosine 5, a group I intron RNA that transesterifies at the splice site, (2) a group II intron RNA that self-splices by a two-step reaction via a lariat structure, and (3) It is classified as the RNA component of ribonuclease P, which cleaves the tRNA precursor at the 5 'side by hydrolysis.
- Small ribozymes are relatively small structural units (about 40 bp) that cleave RNA to form a 5'-hydroxyl group and a 2'-3, cyclic phosphate. Small ribozymes include hammerhead type (Koizumi et al.
- ribozymes are easy to modify and synthesize, various improved methods are known.For example, by designing the ribozyme substrate binding portion to be complementary to an RNA sequence near the target site, A hammerhead ribozyme that recognizes and cuts the base sequence UC, UU or UA can be created (Koizumi et al. (1988) FEBS Lett.
- Hairpin-type ribozymes can also be designed and manufactured according to known methods (Kikuchi and Sasaki (1992) Nucleic Acids Res. 19: 6751; Hiroshi Kikuchi (1992) Chemistry and Biologicals 30: 112).
- RNA interference is a phenomenon in which RNA having the same base sequence is decomposed by introducing double-stranded artificial RNA into cells.
- RNA silencing is the elimination of defective mRNA and the elimination of parasites such as transposons and viruses. It has been suggested that this is a cellular mechanism for protection.
- siRNA small interfering RNA
- the siRNA of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it inhibits the transcription of relaxin-3 mRNA.
- siRNAs are a combination of sense and antisense strands to the sequence of the target mRNA and have a nucleotide length of at least 10 up to the same number as the target mRNA. Preferably, it is 15-75, more preferably 18-50, and even more preferably 20-25 nucleotides in length.
- siRNA can be introduced into cells by a known method. For example, DNA that encodes two RNA chains constituting siRNA on a single strand is designed, the DNA is incorporated into an expression vector, cells are transformed with the expression vector, and the siRNA has a hairpin structure. It can be expressed in cells as double-stranded RNA. Plasmid expression vectors that continuously produce siRNA by transfection have also been designed (eg, RNAi-Ready pSIREN Vector ⁇ RNAi-Ready pSIREN-RetroQ Vector (BD Biosciences Clontech)).
- Plasmid expression vectors that continuously produce siRNA by transfection have also been designed (eg, RNAi-Ready pSIREN Vector ⁇ RNAi-Ready pSIREN-RetroQ Vector (BD Biosciences Clontech)).
- the nucleotide sequence of the siRNA can be designed, for example, using a computer program on the Ambion website (http: /Z/www.ambion.com/techlib/misc/siRNA_finder.html). Kits for screening functional siRNAs (eg, BD Knockout RNAi System (BD Biosciences Clontech)) and the like are also commercially available.
- the antisense nucleic acid, ribozyme and siRNA of the present invention may be directly administered to a tissue or may be constructed to express the same.
- a tissue may be constructed to express the same.
- vectors derived from viruses such as retroviruses, adenoviruses, and adeno-associated viruses, and non-viral vectors utilizing liposomes may be directly administered to tissues (in vivo method). . These can be injected into a tissue site by, for example, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, intraarterial injection, intravenous injection and the like.
- a vector having a construct prepared to express the antisense nucleic acid, ribozyme and siRNA of the present invention may be introduced into a cell in advance in vitro! / ⁇ .
- Got The cells are injected into the patient's tissue by, for example, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraarterial, or intravenous injection (ex vivo method).
- the cells used may be cells of a different type or of the same type as the cells of the patient, preferably cells of the same type, more preferably cells from which the patient's power has been collected.
- the antisense nucleic acid, ribozyme and siRNA of the present invention, or any vector prepared to express these, can be used alone, but is combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. And can be used as a pharmaceutical composition (eg, an antifeedant, a therapeutic agent for obesity, a therapeutic agent for diabetes).
- a pharmaceutical composition eg, an antifeedant, a therapeutic agent for obesity, a therapeutic agent for diabetes.
- the pharmaceutical composition when administered in the form of an injection, may be distilled water, a salt solution such as sodium chloride or a mixture of sodium chloride and an inorganic salt, mannitol, ratatose, dextran, or the like.
- a sugar solution such as glucose, an amino acid solution such as glycine or arginine, an organic acid solution or a mixed solution of a salt solution and a glucose solution may be included.
- the antibodies used in the present invention include monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal antibodies, and antibody fragments.
- the monoclonal antibody used in the present invention is known per se except that relaxin 3 (that is, relaxin 3, modified polypeptide, homologous polypeptide) or a partial fragment thereof is used as the immunizing antigen and the screening antigen. It can be obtained by means. For example, a mouse is immunized with the immunizing antigen, and spleen cells obtained from the mouse and mouse myeloma cells are subjected to a cell fusion method (Nature, 256, 495 (1975)) or an electric cell fusion method. (J. Immunol. Method, 100, 181-189 (1987)) to obtain a hybridoma producing the monoclonal antibody used in the present invention by screening using the screening antigen. be able to.
- relaxin 3 that is, relaxin 3, modified polypeptide, homologous polypeptide
- a partial fragment thereof is used as the immunizing antigen and the screening antigen. It can be obtained by means.
- a mouse is immunized with the im
- the medium for culturing the hybridoma is preferably a medium suitable for culturing a hybridoma, and more preferably a Dulbecco's modified Eagle's minimum essential medium; A medium containing serum, L-gnoretan, L-pyruvic acid and antibiotics (penicillin G and streptomycin) is used. If the hybridoma is cultured in a medium, 5% CO2 is used. Concentration, 3 It can be performed for about 3 days at 7 ° C. When culturing in the abdominal cavity of a mouse, it can be performed in about 14 days.
- the monoclonal antibody can be separated and purified from the thus-obtained culture solution or mouse ascites by a conventional method for separating and purifying proteins.
- a conventional method for separating and purifying proteins include, for example, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange column chromatography using ion exchange cellulose, molecular sieve column chromatography using molecular sieve gel, affinity column chromatography using protein A-bound polysaccharide, dialysis or lyophilization. And so on.
- the polyclonal antibody used in the present invention also uses relaxin 3 (that is, relaxin 3, modified polypeptide, homologous polypeptide) or a partial fragment thereof as an immunizing antigen and a screening antigen. Except for this, it can be prepared by a method known per se, for example, the method shown below. That is, a physiological saline solution containing an antigen is emulsified and mixed with an equal amount of Freund's complete adjuvant or incomplete adjuvant, or an equivalent thereof, for example, Hunter's TiterMax TM (Funakoshi), and the mixture is added to a mammal (particularly a heron). Or subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, or intramuscular, etc. (primary immunization).
- relaxin 3 that is, relaxin 3, modified polypeptide, homologous polypeptide
- a partial fragment thereof as an immunizing antigen and a screening antigen. Except for this, it can be prepared by a method known per se, for example, the method shown below. That
- the same operation is performed at intervals of 2 to 4 weeks, and immunization is performed several times.
- the carotid artery or heart blood of a mammal can be collected and the serum can be prepared by salting out with ammonium sulfate.
- the antibody fragment used in the present invention is a partial fragment of the above-mentioned antibody (including a monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal antibody), and as long as it has the same reaction specificity as the original antibody, It is not limited.
- Antibody fragments according to the present invention can include, for example, Fab, Fab ', F (ab') or Fv.
- Antibody flag used in the present invention can include, for example, Fab, Fab ', F (ab') or Fv.
- the fragment can be obtained, for example, by subjecting the monoclonal antibody or the polyclonal antibody obtained as described above to a proteinase (for example, trypsin) using a conventional method, followed by a conventional method for separating and purifying a protein. it can.
- a proteinase for example, trypsin
- the antibody used in the present invention can be obtained by the method described in WO 01Z068862 pamphlet and JP-A-2002-345468. Also.
- Known relaxin-3 antibodies can be used, for example, The antibody (monoclonal antibody: HK4-14410) described in the example of the specification of Japanese Patent No. 468 can be mentioned.
- the antibody used in the present invention can also be used as a pharmaceutical composition, and can be used, for example, as a feeding (or appetite) suppressant, a therapeutic agent for obesity, and a therapeutic agent for diabetes.
- the antibody used in the present invention can be used as a pharmaceutical composition by mixing with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. At this time, the ratio of the active ingredient to the carrier can be varied between 1 and 90% by weight.
- Such a drug may be a human or non-human organism [eg, a non-human mammal (eg, male, monkey, bird, cat, mouse, rat, wild, muster, pig, dog, etc.), bird, reptile, amphibian , Fish, insects, etc.] can be administered in various forms, orally or parenterally (for example, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous administration, rectal administration, transdermal administration).
- a non-human mammal eg, male, monkey, bird, cat, mouse, rat, wild, muster, pig, dog, etc.
- bird, reptile, amphibian , Fish, insects, etc. can be administered in various forms, orally or parenterally (for example, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, subcutaneous administration, rectal administration, transdermal administration).
- the pharmaceutical composition containing the antibody of the present invention is in an appropriate dosage form depending on the administration route, and specifically, an oral preparation such as a tablet, capsule, granule, powder, or syrup, or Parenteral preparations such as injections, drops, ribosomes, suppositories and the like can be mentioned.
- oral preparations such as a tablet, capsule, granule, powder, or syrup
- Parenteral preparations such as injections, drops, ribosomes, suppositories and the like can be mentioned.
- These preparations contain commonly used excipients, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, surfactants, lubricants, dispersants, buffers, preservatives, solubilizers, preservatives It can be produced by a conventional method using a flavoring agent, a soothing agent, a stabilizer and the like.
- non-toxic additives examples include lactose, fructose, glucose, starch, gelatin, magnesium stearate, methylcellulose, or salts thereof, ethanol, citrate, sodium salt, sodium phosphate, and the like. Is mentioned.
- the dosage range required for these administration forms also depends on the selection of the antibody, the subject of administration, the administration route, the nature of the preparation, the condition of the patient, and the judgment of the physician.
- a suitable dosage is preferably in the range of about 0.01 to 30 mg, preferably about 0.1 to 10 mg per kg of patient weight.
- the required dosage is expected to vary widely.
- oral administration is expected to require higher dosages than administration by intravenous injection.
- Such variations in dosage level can be adjusted using standard empirical optimization procedures, as is well understood in the art.
- a substance that inhibits the activity of syn3 can be obtained by the screening method of the present invention.
- Preferred examples of the compounds obtained by the screening method include 1,2,5-oxadiazolo [3,4-a] 1,2,5-oxadiazolo [3,4-e] described in Examples described later.
- annulene (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “compound 1”).
- the administration form of the compound may be referred to the description regarding the drug containing the compound obtained by the above-described screening method of the present invention.
- treatment generally means obtaining a desired pharmacological effect and / or physiologic effect.
- the effect is prophylactic in that it completely or partially prevents the disease and Z or symptom, and partially or completely cures the disease and / or its adverse effects! It is therapeutic.
- treatment includes any treatment for diseases of mammals, especially humans, and includes, for example, the following treatments (a) to (c):
- SEQ ID NO: 3 shows 1857 base pairs, and the region encoding SALPR has the 361st position as the 1770th position (1410 base pairs, 470 amino acid residues) (GenBank accession number NM 016568).
- PCR polymerase c
- SEQ ID NO: 5 and SEQ ID NO: 6 were prepared according to a conventional method.
- PCR primer consisting of the combination of SEQ ID NO: 5 and SEQ ID NO: 6, and an Expand High Fidelity PCR System (Roche Diagnostics), (98 ° C PCR was performed by repeating 30 minutes 1 minute—57 ° C 1 minute—72 ° C 3 minutes) according to the attached operation method. As a result, a DNA fragment of about 1,400 base pairs was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was inserted into pCR2.1 (Invitrogen), and the sequence was confirmed using an ABI prism DNA sequencing kit (Perkin-Elmer Applied Biosystems).
- the 1410 base pair sequence inserted into pCR2.1-SALPR obtained by the combination of the primers consisting of SEQ ID NOS: 5 and 6 had the same length as the 361th force in SEQ ID NO: 3 and the 1770th position.
- One mutation was found in the force sequence. It is clear that the mutation does not affect the amino acid to be translated, nor does the nucleic acid sequence at the site affected, and a polynucleotide encoding SALPR could be obtained.
- pBaoe Puro (Morgenstern, JP and Land, H. Nucleic Acids Res. vol. 18 3587—3596 (1990)) (SEQ ID NO: 7) SV40 promoter—puro (r) region by cutting with Sail and Clal The ends were blunt-ended with Klenow fragment. The IRES-hyg (r) region was cut out by cutting with pIREShyg (Clontech) Nsil and Xbal, and the one with its ends blunted by T4 polymerase was inserted to obtain pBabeXIH.
- pBabeXIH was cut with Sspl and BamHI to remove 5,1-LTR-packaging signal.
- 5, LTR-CMV promoter-packaging signal cut out by cutting with Sspl and BamHI from pCLXSN (IMGENEX) was inserted to obtain pBab eCLXIH.
- the retroviral expression plasmid pBabeCLXIH described in Example 2 was digested with the restriction enzyme Hpal. Here, cut with pCR2.1-SALPR force EcoRV obtained in Example 1 above. As a result, a polynucleotide encoding SALPR was cut out, and a polynucleotide whose end was blunted by T4 polymerase was inserted to obtain pBabeCL (SALPR) IH (FIG. 1).
- 2 ⁇ 10 6 293-EBNA cells (Invitrogen) were cultured in a 10 cm collagen-coated dish (IWAKI) using DMEM (Sigma) -10% fetal bovine serum (FCS) —penicillin lOOunits / ml streptomycin ( Streptomycin) 100 ⁇ tg / ml (PS) (hereinafter referred to as “EBNA culture solution”) 10 ml of the culture.
- the supernatant was filtered with a 0.45 ⁇ m filter (Millipore) as a non-concentrated retrovirus vector, and the virus vector was further concentrated as follows.
- CREx2hb was digested with Hindlll and BamHI
- CREx2bp was digested with BamHI and Pstl
- pBluescriptllSK (+) (Stratagene) was digested with Hindlll and Pstl.
- PCR primers represented by SEQ ID NO: 12 and SEQ ID NO: 13 were prepared according to a conventional method.
- PCR primers consisting of the combination of SEQ ID NO: 12 and SEQ ID NO: 13 and recombinant Taq polymerase (Takara) (94 ° C, 30 seconds-55 ° C) The PCR was repeated 35 times (C 30 seconds-72 ° C 1 minute), and 264 base pairs of DNA (SEQ ID NO: 14) was obtained.
- This 264 bp DNA was digested with Pstl and inserted into the Pstl site of CRE4ZpBluescriptIISK (+), and the sequence of the resulting plasmid was confirmed to prepare CRE4VIPZpBluescriptIISK (+) (FIG. 2A). After digestion of the obtained CRE4VIPZpBluescriptIISK (+) with Hindlll and Smal, the resulting CRE4VIP promoter fragment was subjected to blunting.
- pBabeCLX was prepared by removing the IRES-hygro (r) region from the expression virus vector plasmid pBabeCLXIH described above (Fig. 2B).
- a sequence containing the CRE and VIP promoters and a reporter gene are included in the exogenous promoter-introducing retrovirus vector plasmid obtained by removing the Nhel-Narl region in the retroviral intrinsic enhancer activity (LTR) from pBabeCLX.
- LTR retroviral intrinsic enhancer activity
- PLAP Placenta-derived alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) (Goto et al., Molecular Pharmacology, 49, p. 860-873, 1996) was introduced to obtain pBabeCLcre4vPdNN (FIG. 2C).
- Example 61 SALPR-expressing cells were transfected with a retroviral vector for introducing SALPR gene
- the SALPR gene was introduced into cells using the retrovirus vector prepared in Example 4 described above as follows.
- Example 5 3 ⁇ 10 3 SE302 cells constructed in Example 5 were placed in a 96-well plate (Asahi Techno Glass Co., Ltd.) in DMEM (SIGMA) -10% fetal bovine serum (FCS) -PS (hereinafter, referred to as “culture medium”). ) The cells were cultured using 100 ⁇ l. The next day, the retrovirus vector prepared in Example 4 was appropriately diluted, and 100 ⁇ l of the diluted dilution was added to SE302 cells together with polybrene (final concentration: 8 ⁇ gZml) (also called hexadimethrine bromide Sigma) prepared in a culture solution.
- polybrene final concentration: 8 ⁇ gZml
- SALPR-SE302 cells grown under these conditions (hereinafter referred to as “SALPR-SE302 cells”) were passaged as appropriate and used for the experiment.
- the SALPR-SE302 cells constructed in Example 6 were suspended in a medium for measuring transcriptional activity (DME M-10% FBS (incubated at 65 ° C for 30 minutes)). In a 96-well plate (Beckton Dickison), 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells were added per well. On the next day, relaxin 3 (Relaxin-3) (Phoenix Pharamaceuticals) or insulin (Invitrogen) at each concentration diluted in Atsushi's medium (0.1% serum albumin in DMEM) was added. Then, forskolin (Carbio Chem) was added to a final concentration of 1 ⁇ mol ZL.
- DME M-10% FBS incubated at 65 ° C for 30 minutes
- (Lumigen) 70 1 was added to the mixture and allowed to react at room temperature for 1 hour, and the chemiluminescence of each well was measured with a Fusion plate reader (Perkin Elmer) to determine the amount of transcription activity.
- the transcriptional activity of the cell supernatant to which 1 ⁇ mol ZL of forskolin was added was taken as 100%, and the activity of the cell supernatant was added to forskolin, and the activity of the cell supernatant was set to 0%.
- the activity was expressed in% (FIG. 3).
- relaxin 3 suppresses the increase in transcriptional activity by forskolin through activation of SALPR.
- This increase in transcriptional activity was unaffected by insulin, a related peptide, and this was a component of a relaxin 3-specific response.
- relaxin-3 it was shown that by using this experimental system, it was possible to determine the compounds and substances that affect the activation of SALPR by relaxin-3.
- test compound (1,2,5-oxadiazolo [3,4-a] 1,2,5-oxadiazolo [3,4-e] was added to a forskolin (Fermentek) solution.
- annulene (digestion compound 1)) was dissolved and added to the cell supernatant. (Final concentration: forskolin 3 ⁇ mol ZL, test compound 20 ⁇ g / ml, DMSO (dimethylsurf oxide) 0.5%) 0 Then, medium for Atsushi (0.1% ⁇ serum albumin in DMEM-Fl 2) Relaxin 3 (Peptide Research Laboratories, Inc.) diluted with dried rice was added to a final concentration of 3 nmol ZL.
- relaxin 3 suppressed the increase in transcription activity caused by forskolin in SALPR-SE302 cells
- compound 1 as a test substance antagonized the suppression of transcription activity caused by relaxin 3 (Fig. 4A).
- Compound 1 was not able to increase transcriptional activity (FIG. 4B). Therefore, it was confirmed that the compound was a compound that specifically suppresses the activity of relaxin 3 of SALPR by the test substance.
- MF Oriental Yeast
- relaxin 3 (Phoenix Pharmaceutical)
- an artificial cerebrospinal fluid artificial cerebrospinal fluid
- the deposited precipitate was removed by centrifugation, and the supernatant was used as relaxincin 3 administration solution.
- the dose to the rat was calculated using the standard curve for relaxin-3 in the experimental system shown in Example 7, and was about 50 pmolZ rat.
- the rats were anesthetized with Nembutal, and blood was collected from the abdominal aorta. The collected blood was centrifuged at 1,750 X g for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was stored at 80 ° C. At a later date, the amount of leptin in the supernatant was quantified using a rat leptin quantification ELISA kit (Amersham Bioscience).
- Relaxin 3 (Peptide Institute) is dissolved in saline to make 100 ⁇ mol ZL, and vehicle (saline) or relaxin 3 solution is administered by osmotic pump (alzet osmotic pump modell002 (DURECT)) A volume of 6 LZ days) and tubing were injected into the dosing-eure and connected to them.
- osmotic pump alzet osmotic pump modell002 (DURECT)
- mice Male Wistar rats (6 weeks old, Charles River Japan, Inc.) were fed experimental animal feed MF (Oriental Yeast) and acclimated individually for 4 days. The rats (250-270 g) were anesthetized, a guide force-Yure was inserted into the lateral ventricle, and the osmotic pump was placed subcutaneously.
- experimental animal feed MF Oriental Yeast
- the animals were bred under free feeding with the operation day as day 0, and body weight and food consumption were measured every morning.
- Figure 7 shows the amount of weight gain on day 0.
- the amount of food consumption was expressed as the amount of food consumption per day as the amount of food consumption per day from the day before the operation to the day of the operation as day 0 (FIG. 8).
- the amount of peritesticular fat was significantly increased in the relaxin 3 continuous administration group as compared to the control vehicle-administered rats.
- blood lebutin and insulin levels were also found to be significantly elevated in rats receiving continuous administration of relaxin 3 (t-test, ** p * 0.01, * p * 0.05 ). Therefore, it became clear that the administration of relaxin 3 increased the obesity effect accompanying fat accumulation and increased the amount of insulin.
- Relaxin 3 (Peptide Institute) is dissolved in saline to make 100 ⁇ mol ZL, and vehicle (saline) or relaxin 3 solution is administered by osmotic pump (alzet osmotic pump modell002 (DURECT)) A volume of 6 LZ days) and tubing were injected into the dosing-eure and connected to them.
- osmotic pump alzet osmotic pump modell002 (DURECT)
- mice Male Wistar rats (5-week old, Charles River Japan, Inc.) were fed experimental animal feed MF (Oriental Yeast) and acclimated individually for 5 days. The rats (170-200 g) were anesthetized, a guide force-Yure was inserted into the lateral ventricle, and the osmotic pump was placed subcutaneously. The animals were kept under free-feeding and drinking water except on the day of the exercise, with the operation day as day 0, and body weight was measured every morning (Fig. 11).
- Example 11 a significant increase in body weight was confirmed in the relaxin 3-administered rat group 1 day after administration (t-test, ** p ⁇ 0.01, * p ⁇ 0.05).
- useful polypeptides having a food intake-enhancing action, a weight-gain action, and an obesity action a therapeutic agent for a disease containing the polypeptide, a compound or a substance that activates or suppresses a receptor of the polypeptide
- a method for screening a salt thereof a kit for the screening, an anti-feeding agent, a therapeutic agent for obesity, a therapeutic agent for diabetes, etc., containing a substance that inhibits the expression of the polypeptide.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005517803A JP4468304B2 (ja) | 2004-02-09 | 2005-02-09 | スクリーニング方法 |
| EP05709939A EP1721971A4 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2005-02-09 | SCREENING PROCESS |
| CA002555469A CA2555469A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2005-02-09 | Use of relaxin-3 for promoting food intake, increasing body weight gain, increasing fat weight and for others |
| AU2005210369A AU2005210369B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2005-02-09 | Screening method |
| US10/588,542 US7638490B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2005-02-09 | Methods of affecting feeding and weight in mammals by administration of relaxin-3 |
| US12/591,105 US20100168014A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2009-11-09 | Screening method |
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| JP2004-031591 | 2004-02-09 | ||
| JP2004031591 | 2004-02-09 | ||
| JP2004-368509 | 2004-12-20 | ||
| JP2004368509 | 2004-12-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| US12/591,105 Division US20100168014A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2009-11-09 | Screening method |
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| WO2005075641A1 true WO2005075641A1 (ja) | 2005-08-18 |
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| US (2) | US7638490B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1721971A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4468304B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100878959B1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2005210369B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005124361A3 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2006-04-27 | Paradigm Therapeutics Ltd | Uses of gpr100 receptor in diabetes and obesity regulation |
| WO2006095167A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Imperial Innovations Limited | Appetite-influencing medicaments |
| WO2006109855A1 (ja) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-19 | Eisai R & D Management Co., Ltd. | 摂食亢進作用を有するペプチドおよびスクリーニング方法 |
| US7638490B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2009-12-29 | Eisai R&D Managment Co., Ltd. | Methods of affecting feeding and weight in mammals by administration of relaxin-3 |
| JP2010537965A (ja) * | 2007-09-07 | 2010-12-09 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | 食欲制御用化合物 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022051254A2 (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-03-10 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Target for modulating body mass |
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| WO2000024891A1 (en) | 1998-10-28 | 2000-05-04 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Novel g protein-coupled receptor proteins and dnas thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2007509602A (ja) | 2003-08-07 | 2007-04-19 | ジヤンセン・フアーマシユーチカ・ナームローゼ・フエンノートシヤツプ | Gpcr142およびリラキシン3若しくはinsl5の複合体、ならびにそれらの製造および使用 |
| CA2555469A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2005-08-18 | Eisai R & D Management Co., Ltd. | Use of relaxin-3 for promoting food intake, increasing body weight gain, increasing fat weight and for others |
| EP1759211A2 (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2007-03-07 | Paradigm Therapeutics Limited | Uses of gpr100 receptor in diabetes and obesity regulation |
-
2005
- 2005-02-09 CA CA002555469A patent/CA2555469A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-09 JP JP2005517803A patent/JP4468304B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-02-09 AU AU2005210369A patent/AU2005210369B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-02-09 US US10/588,542 patent/US7638490B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-09 WO PCT/JP2005/001887 patent/WO2005075641A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2005-02-09 EP EP05709939A patent/EP1721971A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-09 KR KR1020067018442A patent/KR100878959B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-11-09 US US12/591,105 patent/US20100168014A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7638490B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2009-12-29 | Eisai R&D Managment Co., Ltd. | Methods of affecting feeding and weight in mammals by administration of relaxin-3 |
| WO2005124361A3 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2006-04-27 | Paradigm Therapeutics Ltd | Uses of gpr100 receptor in diabetes and obesity regulation |
| WO2006095167A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Imperial Innovations Limited | Appetite-influencing medicaments |
| WO2006109855A1 (ja) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-19 | Eisai R & D Management Co., Ltd. | 摂食亢進作用を有するペプチドおよびスクリーニング方法 |
| JP2010537965A (ja) * | 2007-09-07 | 2010-12-09 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | 食欲制御用化合物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1721971A1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
| AU2005210369B2 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
| US20070054850A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
| KR100878959B1 (ko) | 2009-01-19 |
| US20100168014A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
| KR20070004699A (ko) | 2007-01-09 |
| AU2005210369A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
| CA2555469A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
| JPWO2005075641A1 (ja) | 2007-10-11 |
| JP4468304B2 (ja) | 2010-05-26 |
| US7638490B2 (en) | 2009-12-29 |
| EP1721971A4 (en) | 2007-09-26 |
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