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WO2005075085A1 - Dispositif pour trier des dechets non ferreux et systeme de tri de dechets non ferreux a l’aide du dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif pour trier des dechets non ferreux et systeme de tri de dechets non ferreux a l’aide du dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005075085A1
WO2005075085A1 PCT/JP2005/000132 JP2005000132W WO2005075085A1 WO 2005075085 A1 WO2005075085 A1 WO 2005075085A1 JP 2005000132 W JP2005000132 W JP 2005000132W WO 2005075085 A1 WO2005075085 A1 WO 2005075085A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sorting
ferrous waste
ferrous
waste sorting
waste
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2005/000132
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masahiro Miyamoto
Michinori Sugawara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JAPAN RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Original Assignee
JAPAN RESOURCES TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Filing date
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Publication of WO2005075085A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005075085A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/02—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation
    • B03B5/10—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation on jigs
    • B03B5/24—Constructional details of jigs, e.g. pulse control devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/02—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation
    • B03B5/10—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation on jigs
    • B03B5/20—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation on jigs using pulses generated by air injection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus and a non-ferrous waste sorting system using the same.
  • a non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus and a non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus suitable for accurately sorting and recovering mixed waste containing a variety of articles and materials, such as shredder dust obtained by crushing home appliances and end-of-life vehicles.
  • the present invention relates to a non-ferrous waste sorting system using the method.
  • This specific gravity sorting device generally has a water tank provided with a partition net, and pulsation means for pulsating water in the water tank up and down.
  • waste material consisting of resin and metal powder is crushed by a crusher, and the crushed material is separated into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material by a magnetic separator, and the non-magnetic material is separated into a jig separator (specific gravity separator). Separation between resin and metal by separation.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-355661
  • the jig sorter performs only the sorting based on the specific gravity difference, and does not perform the sorting in consideration of the shape difference. , There is a limit to the sorting accuracy. Further, in the jig sorter, since the water in the water tank is simply moved up and down, when the sheet-like waste material is mixed with the mixed waste material, if the sorting accuracy is reduced, the problem is solved. T
  • the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is easily entangled with other waste materials!
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus capable of accurately separating and collecting non-ferrous waste containing mixed copper wire, harness, sheet-like resin, and the like, and a non-ferrous waste sorting system using the same. RU
  • the features of the non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus include a sorting tank for sorting mixed waste materials in a liquid and separating the mixed waste according to a difference in specific gravity thereof, and pulsating the liquid in the sorting tank in a vertical direction.
  • a vertical pulsating means having an air chamber, and an upper and lower pulsating means, which divides the inside of the sorting tank up and down arbitrarily according to the distance from the recovery port, in accordance with the distance from the recovery port.
  • a sorting screen that restricts and strengthens the water flow on the input port side than the recovery port side, and is provided below the sorting screen section and pushed up by the sorting screen section And a variable wing for changing the traveling direction of the liquid to an arbitrary inclination direction.
  • the sorting screen unit has a floor net disposed on the lower surface, a partition wall for dividing the floor net into a plurality of sections, and a large number of granular materials laid in each of the sections. It is preferable that the granular material laid in the section on the input port side than the recovery port side has a smaller particle size.
  • the sorting screen unit has a floor net arranged on the lower surface, a partition wall for dividing the floor net into a plurality of sections, and a large number of granular materials laid in each of the sections. Therefore, the laying density of the particulate matter laid in the section on the input port side rather than the recovery port side may be reduced.
  • the section area of the section at a position facing the roof of the air chamber is determined by the area of the section of the section on the input port side and the section on the recovery port side. It is also preferred to be divided into large pieces.
  • the upper and lower pulsation means intermittently exhausts air in the air chamber when the liquid descends in the vertical pulsation cycle and increases the unit time for increasing the settling speed difference of the mixed waste material. It is desirable to make the exhaust volume per unit larger than the air supply volume per unit time when the liquid rises.
  • a feature of the non-ferrous waste sorting system is a non-ferrous waste sorting system configured by connecting a plurality of non-ferrous waste sorting devices, wherein the first non-ferrous waste sorting device and another non-ferrous waste sorting device are arranged.
  • the particle size of the granular materials laid on each floor net of each non-ferrous waste sorting equipment is smaller in the other non-ferrous waste sorting equipment than in the earliest non-ferrous waste sorting equipment. Is relatively small.
  • a feature of the non-ferrous waste sorting system is a non-ferrous waste sorting system configured by connecting a plurality of non-ferrous waste sorting devices, wherein the first non-ferrous waste sorting device and another non-ferrous waste sorting device are arranged.
  • the amount of water overflowing from the sorting tank in the first non-ferrous waste sorting equipment and the total amount of water received in each sorting tank in the other non-ferrous waste sorting equipment should be almost equal. In that it is set to
  • the plane sectional area of the sorting tank in the first non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus and the total value of the planar sectional areas of the sorting tanks in the other non-ferrous waste sorting apparatuses are substantially equal. Set to be preferred.
  • a feature of the non-ferrous waste sorting system is a non-ferrous waste sorting system configured by connecting a plurality of non-ferrous waste sorting devices, in which the first non-ferrous waste sorting device and another non-ferrous waste sorting device are arranged.
  • the variable wings in the earliest non-ferrous waste sorting equipment are inclined in the opposite direction to the collection port, and each variable wing in the other non-ferrous waste sorting equipment is inclined in the direction of the collection port.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the entire sorting process of mixed waste materials to which the non-ferrous waste sorting system 2 according to the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plurality of non-ferrous waste sorting devices 1 of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a non-ferrous waste sorting system 2 configured as described above.
  • the mixed waste material sorting process of the present embodiment mainly includes a mixed waste material crushing process, an iron waste material sorting process, a non-ferrous waste sorting process, a linear waste material sorting process, a lightweight waste material crushing process, a suspended material crushing process, and It consists of a lightweight waste material sorting process and a second lightweight waste material sorting process (Step S1—Step S8).
  • the mixed waste material crushing step of step S1 is a step of crushing mixed waste materials such as home electric appliances using a crusher such as a chain mill.
  • the mixed waste material is cut or crushed to a size of about 0.1 mm to 40 mm.
  • the mixed waste material has no granular waste material.
  • waste materials having various specific gravities and shapes are mixed, such as sheet waste materials such as rubber sheets, and linear waste materials having high strength such as copper wire and noise.
  • the mixed waste materials selected in the following embodiment include waste iron materials and non-ferrous waste materials.
  • the non-ferrous waste materials include copper wire debris, resin, harness, substrate debris, non-ferrous metals, and achlorinated metal.
  • ABS resin Tolylbutadiene styrene resin
  • polystyrene hereinafter referred to as "1 ⁇ ”
  • rubbers polychlorinated butyl (hereinafter referred to as “PVC”)
  • PVC polychlorinated butyl
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP Polypropylene
  • the iron waste material sorting step of step S2 is a step of removing magnetic iron waste materials such as iron contained in the mixed waste material by a predetermined magnetic separator. Specifically, the crushed mixed waste material is transported by a vibrating conveyor, and the magnetic stone placed near the vibrating conveyor is strongly excited, so that only the iron waste material is adsorbed and sorted.
  • the non-ferrous waste sorting step of step S3 is a step of sorting non-ferrous waste from which iron waste has been removed based on a difference in specific gravity and a difference in shape.
  • a non-ferrous waste sorting system 2 configured by connecting three non-ferrous waste sorting apparatuses 1 of the present embodiment, which will be described later, is used.
  • non-ferrous waste can be separated from relatively short linear waste (copper wire scrap, resin, etc.), relatively long linear waste (harness, copper wire scrap, etc.), substrate scrap, Metals, lightweight waste materials (ABS resin 'PS' PVC) and sheet waste materials (rubbers), and suspended matter (PE, PP, urethane, etc.).
  • the linear waste material sorting step in step S4 is a step of further sorting the relatively short linear waste materials sorted in step S3 based on a difference in specific gravity and a difference in shape.
  • a linear waste material sorting apparatus 3 of the present embodiment described later is used.
  • the linear waste material sorting device 3 sorts the small-sized linear waste materials into copper wire scrap, resin A having a high specific gravity, and resin B having a low specific gravity.
  • the lightweight waste material crushing step of step S5 is a step of crushing the lightweight waste material selected in step S3 by a crusher such as a plastic crusher. In this process, lightweight waste materials are further cut or crushed.
  • the suspended matter crushing step of step S6 is a step of crushing the suspended matter selected in step S3 by a crusher such as a plastic crusher.
  • the suspended matter is After being cut or crushed, dehydrated and collected by a dewatering screen or the like.
  • the first lightweight waste material sorting step in step S7 is a step of further sorting the lightweight waste materials crushed in step S5 by a difference in specific gravity.
  • a lightweight waste material sorting apparatus 4 of the present embodiment which will be described later, is used.
  • the lightweight waste material sorting device 4 sorts the lightweight waste materials into PVC rubbers, ABS resin, and PS.
  • the second lightweight waste material sorting step of step S8 is a step of further sorting the lightweight waste materials crushed in step S7 by a difference in specific gravity.
  • a lightweight waste material sorting apparatus 4 of the present embodiment described later is used.
  • the lightweight waste material sorting device 4 sorts the lightweight waste materials into PVC and rubbers.
  • the sorting device used in each step will be described in detail.
  • the non-ferrous waste sorting device 1 and the non-ferrous waste sorting system 2 of the present embodiment used in the non-ferrous waste sorting process in step S3. Will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the non-ferrous waste sorting system 2 of the present embodiment includes a first non-ferrous waste sorting device la into which non-ferrous waste is first introduced, and a second non-ferrous waste sorting device la connected to the first non-ferrous waste sorting device la. It consists of a waste material sorting device lb and a third non-ferrous waste material sorting device lc.
  • each of the non-ferrous waste sorting devices la, lb, and lc since the basic structure of each of the non-ferrous waste sorting devices la, lb, and lc is almost the same, among the configurations of the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb and the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc, The same or corresponding components as those of the first non-ferrous waste sorting device la are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the first non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus la mainly includes a sorting tank 5 filled with water, vertical pulsation means 6 for pulsating the water in the sorting tank 5 in the vertical direction, and vertically moving the sorting tank 5 up and down.
  • the mesh force of 7 also includes a rotary valve 10 for collecting the dropped linear waste material.
  • the sorting tank 5 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a substantially square planar cross section.
  • an input port 11 for mixed waste material is provided, and an appropriate amount of mixed waste material is supplied by a water wheel feeder 12 together with water.
  • a collection port 13 is provided on the opposite side of the input port 11 so that the waste material settled in the lowermost layer on the sorting screen unit 7, which is a relatively long copper wire debris and noise, is supplied to the rotary feeder 9. It plays the role of pulling in by the suction force of.
  • a supply / exhaust port 62 communicating with an air chamber 61 described later is formed on a side wall of the sorting tank 5.
  • the vertical pulsation means 6 mainly includes an air chamber 61 provided in the separation tank 5, an air blower 63 for supplying air to the air chamber 61 through a supply / exhaust port 62, and the air blower 63. And an air valve 64 for adjusting the supply / exhaust timing of the power supply.
  • the lower end of the air chamber 61 is opened, and the upper roof 61a is formed in a mountain shape.
  • the air blower 63 stores the pressurized air in an air tank 65 connected to each air valve 64.
  • the air valve 64 is configured by, for example, a rotary valve, and is rotated by a valve motor 66 to open and close, and supplies and exhausts the air chamber 61.
  • the supply and exhaust timing of the first non-ferrous waste sorting device la and the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc are synchronized, and the supply and exhaust timing of the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb is shifted by half the phase.
  • the air in the air chamber 61 at the time of descending is intermittently discharged during the vertical pulsation cycle of water. I noticed and stopped the descent temporarily. When descending again, descend strongly and quickly. This is because the sedimentation speed of substances with different specific gravities causes the most noticeable disparity when falling from a stationary state, so that sorting based on specific gravity is effectively performed using this principle. .
  • the air in the air chamber 61 is intermittently exhausted, the descent of the water is temporarily stopped, and the descent is started again, thereby amplifying the sedimentation speed of the waste materials having different specific gravities. It comes to sort more accurately.
  • the sorting screen section 7 includes a floor net 71 fixed in the sorting tank 5, a partition wall 72 that divides the floor net 71 into a plurality of sections, and a plurality of granular materials 73 laid in each section.
  • the floor net 71 is formed in a substantially square shape having substantially the same shape as the plane cross section of the sorting tank 5, and has a mesh size large enough not to drop the particulate matter 73.
  • the partition wall 72 is erected in a substantially vertical direction on the floor net 71, and divides the floor net 71 into a plurality of sections as shown in FIG.
  • the granules 73 are composed of spherical bodies having an appropriate specific gravity, such as stainless steel balls and ceramic balls, and are laid in each section to limit the amount of water passing therethrough.
  • the particle size of the particulate matter 73 laid in the section on the input port 11 side is smaller than that on the recovery port 13 side. This is to arbitrarily limit the amount of water that can be pushed upward by the pulsation of the water by the vertical pulsation means 6 to pass through the sorting screen unit 7 so as to increase in accordance with the distance from the collection unit 13.
  • the water flow is weak at the recovery port 13 side and the flow velocity is small, and the water flow at the input port 11 side is strong and the flow velocity is high.
  • the amount of passing water is not limited to the configuration in which the particle size of the granular material 73 is adjusted. By reducing the laying density of the granular material 73 to be laid, the water flow at the inlet 11 side may be strengthened, and the water flow at the recovery port 13 may be made uniform and gentle.
  • the sorting screen unit 7 of the present embodiment includes a bottom area force input port 11 side of a section at a position facing the roof 61a of the air chamber 61 among the sections.
  • Collection port 13 It is partitioned so as to have an area larger than the bottom area of the side section. This is because above the roof 61a of the air chamber 61, the right and left forces of the air chamber 61 are joined together by the pushed-up water, and the water flow is disturbed. In other words, by passing the turbulence generated at the junction through a section with a large bottom area, the conditions and conditions of passage can be made almost equal, and the direction of the flow velocity and the strength of the water flow can be adjusted.
  • the force directly above the air chamber 61 does not cause any significant turbulence due to the water being pushed straight up at the inlet 11 side and the recovery port 13 side which are separated to the left and right. Therefore, the section area of the floor net 71 is formed small, and the direction of flow of water is stably directed by each partition wall 72 so that a desired surface flow is generated.
  • the granular material 73 is accommodated in a net-like container formed in the size of each section. This is because when the particle size of the granular material 73 is arbitrarily changed according to the type of waste material to be sorted, it can be easily and quickly changed, and the mesh can be easily cleaned, and the sorting accuracy is maintained. It contributes to.
  • variable wing 8 changes the flow direction of the water pushed upward by the air chamber 61 to form a water flow flowing horizontally from the inlet 11 side to the recovery port 13 side.
  • a plurality of variable blades 8 are juxtaposed laterally at a predetermined interval between the sorting screen unit 7 and the air chamber 61.
  • Each of the variable wings 8 can adjust its inclination angle arbitrarily. Therefore, in order to maintain a delicate relationship between the generated surface water flow and the vertical pulsating flow, the inclination direction of each variable wing 8 is appropriately set, and the water flow that passes through the sorting screen unit 7 to float the non-ferrous waste material The direction of is adjusted.
  • a plurality of recovery blades 91 are radially arranged at equal intervals on an outer peripheral surface of a columnar rotating body (not shown).
  • the rotary feeder 9 is provided inside the recovery port 13 of each of the non-ferrous waste sorting devices la, lb, and lc, and is rotatably driven by a motor or the like.
  • the rotary valve 10 is provided at the lowermost part of the sorting tank 5, and collects waste materials dropped through the sorting screen 7.
  • Rotary lever of the present embodiment The lube 10 is controlled so as to interlock with the vertical pulsation means 6, so that when collecting copper wire debris dropped from the floor net 71, the lowermost part is synchronized with the timing when the air is exhausted from the air chamber 61. It is open so that falling objects can be collected while water is not discharged more than necessary.
  • Each sorting tank 5a, 5b, 5c is set so that the amount of water overflowing from the first non-ferrous waste sorting device la is equal to the amount of water that is simultaneously received by the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb and the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc. Have been. This is to keep the surface current flowing on the water surface of each non-ferrous waste sorting device la, lb, lc flowing without stagnation.
  • the third non-ferrous waste sorting device la lc also accepts part of the overflowed water volume and overflows the rest of the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb power. In this way, if a part of the water volume that is always received overflows, the first, third and third non-ferrous waste sorting devices la, lb, and lc do not need to generate a water surface flow.
  • the second and third non-ferrous waste sorters lb and lc which do not block the generated surface flow, can continuously maintain the surface flow. Then, the sheet-like waste material floating on the surface of the water is not settled in the water due to the undisturbed surface flow, so that the waste material can be sorted as it is without involving other waste materials.
  • the plane sectional area of the sorting tank 5a in the first non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus la is changed to the second non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus 1 as shown in Fig. 6. It is designed to be equal to the sum of the planar cross-sectional areas of the sorting tanks 5b and 5c in the b and the third non-ferrous waste sorting equipment lc. It should be noted that if the above water amount condition is satisfied, there is no need to provide a difference in the planar sectional area of each of the sorting tanks 5a, 5b, 5c.
  • the separation tanks 5b and 5c of the second and third non-ferrous waste sorting devices lb and lc are separately provided. Water supply must be continued, and there is a problem that turbulence in the water flow is likely to occur.
  • the particle size relationship of the granular material 73 laid on the floor net 71 will be described. Comparing the particle size of the granular material 73 laid in each section, the first non-ferrous waste sorting device la is formed to be relatively larger than the second and third non-ferrous waste sorting devices lb, lc.
  • the granular material 73 laid in any of the sections of the floor net 71 in the first non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus la is divided into the sections in the second and third non-ferrous waste sorting apparatuses lb, lc corresponding to the section.
  • a particle having a particle size that is about lmm larger than the granular material 73 laid on the ground is used. This is because the first non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus la plays a role of separating copper wire debris, resin, and the like in the first stage as finely as falling from the mesh of the floor net 71.
  • the mesh is finely divided and the granular size is small. This is because the object 73 is laid to generate a more uniform upward flow on the floor net 71.
  • variable wings 8 in the first to third non-ferrous waste sorting devices la, lb, and lc are inclined in the opposite direction (toward the input port 11) with respect to the recovery port 13, and the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb and the second 3
  • the variable wings 8 in the non-ferrous waste sorting equipment lc are inclined in the direction of the recovery port 13. In each case, apart from the vertical pulsation, the surface flow is generated on the water surface and maintained.
  • the pushed water changes its direction along the variable wings 8 and is reflected by coming into contact with the inlet 11 of the sorting tank 5 and the side wall surface or the partition wall 72.
  • the non-ferrous waste material is injected together with the water from the inlet 11, so that the reflected water flow and the input water flow merge to generate a water surface flow toward the recovery port 13 (to the right in FIG. 2). I do.
  • a rubber sheet or the like flows along with the surface flow.
  • the variable wings 8 of the first non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus la are inclined at an angle of 2-3 degrees toward the inlet 11 with respect to the vertical direction.
  • the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb and the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc may maintain the flow velocity and directionality of the already generated water surface flow without having to separately generate the water surface flow. Therefore, in the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb and the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc, the variable wing 8 is inclined toward the recovery port 13 side, and the water passing there is a pulsation that pushes up the non-ferrous waste material. It is designed to boost the flow of surface water that is stingy.
  • the variable wings 8 of the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb and the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc are inclined 5-10 degrees toward the recovery port 13 with respect to the vertical direction.
  • step S3 a non-ferrous waste material sorting step (step S3) using the non-ferrous waste material sorting system 2 of the present embodiment will be described.
  • step S 2 the non-ferrous waste material from which the magnetic waste material has been removed is injected into the inlet 11.
  • the supplied non-ferrous waste material is supplied by a water wheel feeder 12 in an appropriate amount onto the sorting screen section 7 of the first non-ferrous waste sorting device la.
  • the water pushed up by the variable wings 8 is guided obliquely to the inlet 11 side, and due to the difference in the laying density of the particulate matter 73 in the sorting screen 7, the inlet 11 is closer to the inlet 11
  • a surface current that flows over the water surface is generated in addition to the vertical pulsation.
  • the sheet-like waste material rides on this surface flow and flows out to the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb.
  • waste materials having a large specific gravity settle to the lower layer due to pulsation in the vertical direction, and waste materials having a small specific gravity are stacked upward to form sedimentary layers. Since the laying density of the particulate matter 73 is high at the recovery port 13 side, a gentle up and down pulsation of the water flow occurs, and a quieter sediment layer is formed than at the input port 11 side.
  • the air in the air chamber 61 is intermittently exhausted, and when the descending is restarted, the displacement is increased.
  • the sorting process is being promoted by amplifying the difference.
  • the copper wire dust and the resin dust fall from the floor net 71 from the gaps by the granular material 73 having a large particle diameter.
  • Copper wire debris settled at the bottom of the sorting tank 5 is transferred to the next linear waste sorting process (Step S4) by opening the rotary valve 10 in accordance with the exhaust operation from the air chamber 61. Is done.
  • the harness and copper wire debris settle in the lowermost layer of the sedimentation layer on the sorting screen unit 7.
  • the rotary feeder 9 rotates, and the sorted waste materials are sequentially separated and collected.
  • waste materials other than harnesses and copper wire scraps flow over the recovery port 13 to the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb.
  • the second non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus lb sheet-like waste is flowing on the water surface. Then, non-ferrous waste not separated by the first non-ferrous waste sorter la flows. Water overflowing from the sorting tank 5 of the first non-ferrous waste sorting device la is received into the sorting tank 5 of the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb and the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc in an amount of 1Z2 each, and overflows at the same time. Is done.
  • the flow on the water surface is maintained by adjusting the strength of the inclined water flow by the variable wing 8 and the water flow by the sorting screen unit 7, and the continuous overflow described above, and the sheet-like waste material flows over the water surface to the end and is collected. .
  • the particle size of the granular material 73 is set to be smaller than that of the first non-ferrous waste sorting device 1a.
  • the water that has passed through the sorting screen 7 is made more uniform. Due to the uniformized water pulsation, the non-ferrous waste material forms a sedimentary layer on the sorting screen section 7 which is sorted by the specific gravity difference.
  • substrate debris such as copper sandwiched between resins, settled in the bottom layer. The lowermost non-ferrous waste material is separated by the rotary feeder 9 and sequentially collected. The other waste material in the upper layer passes over the recovery port 13 and flows out to the third non-ferrous waste material sorting device lc.
  • the sheet-like waste flows through the water surface of the first non-ferrous waste sorting device la and the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb, and the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lc.
  • the non-ferrous waste that has not been recovered by the lb will flow.
  • the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc also maintains the water surface flow by adjusting the flow velocity of the sorting screen 7 and sloping water flow by the variable wings 8 and continuous overflow. The material is quickly transported and collected on the water surface without sinking below the water surface or wrapping up other waste materials.
  • non-ferrous metals such as stainless steel and aluminum precipitate on the sorting screen unit 7 due to vertical pulsation, and are sequentially collected by the rotary feeder 9.
  • the small non-ferrous materials such as ABS resin, PS, PVC, etc., which are also collected by the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc, pass over the collection port 13 and are collected together with the sheet-like waste materials. Is done.
  • These lightweight waste materials are further crushed in the lightweight waste material crushing step of step S5, and then conveyed to the lightweight waste material sorting device 4 used in the first lightweight waste material sorting step of step S7 described below, and further finely divided. Be sorted out.
  • suspended matters such as urethane, PE, and PP are separately collected by the side trap S provided in the non-ferrous waste sorting system 2, and are crushed in the suspended matter crushing step of Step S6. , Will be collected.
  • the force of the third non-ferrous waste material sorting device lc and the second non-ferrous waste material sorting device lb are equal to each other when the particle diameter of the granular material 73 and the inclination angle of the variable blade 8 are equal. It is not something that can be done. If each value in the third non-ferrous waste sorting device lc is equal to or less than the value of the second non-ferrous waste sorting device lb, it is appropriately set according to the type of waste to be sorted.
  • sorting can be performed in consideration of the shape to improve sorting accuracy.
  • sheet-like waste materials can be prevented from getting into the water or wrapping up other waste materials, and can be recovered.
  • the turbulence generated by the shape of the roof 61a of the air chamber 61 can be made uniform, and the flow direction of the flow away from the air chamber 61 can be made orderly.
  • the mixed waste material can be appropriately pulsated up and down.
  • sorting is performed by the shape of the gap of the granular material 73, and in the subsequent sorting tank 5, the pulsating water is made uniform, Accurate sorting can be performed.
  • variable wings 8 Since the inclination angle of the variable wings 8 is set appropriately, the horizontal flow velocity near the water surface can be maintained up to the final sorting tank 5, and the horizontal flow velocity can be moderated below the water level of the subsequent sorting tank 5. Thus, there is an effect that the pulsation in the vertical direction can be secured.
  • the linear waste material sorting apparatus 3 of the present embodiment used in the linear waste material sorting step of step S4 will be described with reference to FIG. Note that, among the configurations of the linear waste material sorting apparatus 3, the same or corresponding components as those of the above-described non-ferrous waste material sorting apparatus 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
  • the linear waste material sorting apparatus 3 of the present embodiment mainly includes a sorting tank 5 filled with water, vertical pulsation means 6 for pulsating the water in the sorting tank 5 in the vertical direction, and a sorting tank 5 in the sorting tank 5.
  • a rotary valve 10 for collecting waste material dropped below the linear waste material separation layer 15.
  • the partitioning net 14 is formed in a substantially square shape having substantially the same shape as the plane cross section of the sorting tank 5. It is fixed horizontally above the air chamber 61 in the tank 5.
  • the mesh of the partition net 14 is formed to have a size that allows the linear waste material to drop but does not allow the spherical objects to drop. In the present embodiment, the mesh is formed into a 9 mm mesh.
  • the linear waste material separation layer 15 is composed of a spherical material 15a having a specific gravity smaller than the specific gravity of the linear waste material to be sorted out of the mixed waste materials and having a specific gravity larger than the specific gravity of the other remaining waste materials.
  • the stainless steel balls 15a satisfying the condition that the specific gravity is smaller than the copper wire scrap and the specific gravity is larger than the resin are used.
  • the stainless balls 15a are formed with substantially the same weight and shape.
  • a plurality of the above-mentioned stainless steel balls 15a are spread on the partition net 14 and laminated in three stages.
  • the sorting tank 5 needs to be formed in a regular polygonal shape such as a substantially square shape or a circular shape in cross section. This is because the frictional force between the spread spherical object 15a and the wall surface of the sorting tank 5 is substantially equal on each side, so that the linear waste material separation layer 15 moves up and down physically, and the linear waste material This is for guiding only the lower part. Therefore, when the sorting tank 5 has a regular polygonal cross section, the length of one side is set to a value (an integer multiple) divisible by the diameter of the spherical object 15a, and as shown in FIG. It is spread so that it contacts. In the present embodiment, a spherical object 15a having a diameter of 10 mm is used for one side of a square cross section of 600 mm.
  • step S4 a linear waste material sorting step (step S4) using the linear waste material sorting apparatus 3 of the present embodiment will be described.
  • step S3 the linear waste materials such as copper wire scraps sorted out are introduced from the inlet 11 and fall onto the linear waste material separation layer 15.
  • the linear waste material separation layer 15 moves up and down with the vertical pulsation of water by the vertical pulsation means 6.
  • the sorting tank 5 is formed in a substantially square shape in cross section, and uses the spherical material 15a having the same weight and shape, so that the linear waste material separation layer 15 and the sorting tank 5 are formed.
  • the frictional resistance generated between the wall and the contact surface is almost equal.
  • the spherical objects 15a constituting the linear waste material separation layer 15 repeat vertical movements almost integrally. As shown in FIG.
  • the linear waste material separation layer 15 has an appropriate gap between the spherical objects 15a, so that copper wire debris having a higher specific gravity than the spherical object 15a gradually descends from the gap. Is finally dropped from the partition net 14 to the outlet.
  • the copper wire debris Since the copper wire debris is easily entangled, the copper wire debris may be in a lump and cannot pass between the spheres 15a as it is, but the lumps due to the vertical movement of each sphere 15a of the linear waste material separation layer 15 Push up to loosen the lump and allow it to fall through the gap. In addition, the copper wire debris may be attracted to the mesh of the partition net 14 in some cases. And fall.
  • the copper wire scrap sorted and separated as described above is also discharged by the rotary valve 10 at the lowermost force of the sorting tank 5.
  • resin A resin having a large specific gravity
  • resin B specific gravity And other resin
  • the vertical pulsation of the linear waste material separation layer 15 can be suppressed so as not to be too disturbed, and the entangled copper wire debris can be released. Copper wire debris that has been separated or hooked on the partition net 14 can be separated under the net.
  • the opening and closing operation of the rotary valve 10 is linked with the vertical pulsation of the vertical pulsation means 6 to collect copper wire debris when the air chamber 61 is evacuated, so that drainage can be minimized. Play.
  • the lightweight waste material sorting apparatus 4 of the present embodiment used in the first lightweight waste material sorting step of step S7 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the same or corresponding components as those of the non-ferrous waste material sorting device 1 and the linear waste material sorting device 3 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and are described again. Is omitted.
  • the lightweight waste sorting device 4 of the present embodiment is a device for sorting waste materials that are lightweight waste materials such as resin and are easily affected by pulsation, have a specific gravity difference force, and have a small force.
  • the specific gravity of a polymer compound is given, PVC is 1.35-1.55, PS is 1.04-1.06, Pama 0.94-0.97, Pama 0.90-0. 91, ABSi or 1.05—1.22!
  • the difference in specific gravity is small because the specific gravity is small. Therefore, the lightweight waste material sorting apparatus 4 mainly separates the sorting tank 5 filled with water, the vertical pulsation means 6 for pulsating the water in the sorting tank 5 in the vertical direction, and the sorting tank 5 up and down. It comprises an inclined sorting screen section 16 and a rotary feeder 9 for collecting the waste material having a layer formed on the inclined sorting screen section 16.
  • the inclined sorting screen section 16 includes a floor net 71 that partitions the inside of the sorting tank 5 up and down, and a floor net 71 above the floor net 71. And a plurality of granular materials 73 stacked in gaps between the ceiling net 16a and the floor net 71.
  • the ceiling net 16a is similar to the floor net 71, and has a plane cross-section It is formed in a substantially square shape, and has a mesh that does not allow the granular material 73 to pass through. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the ceiling net 16a is inclined downward toward the collection port 13, so that light and lightweight waste materials are slowly transferred to the collection port 13 along the inclined surface.
  • the number of the granular materials 73 is reduced closer to the collection port 13 so that the thickness of the inclined sorting screen section 16 is reduced. This is because, when collecting resin, the higher the lamination thickness near the collection port 13 is, the better the sorting quality is. Near the collection port 13, the strength of the water that pushes up the resin is increased. Such a sorting effect by the inclined sorting screen section 16 is more effectively exerted when the difference in specific gravity is 0.001 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more.
  • a rotary feeder 9 is provided inside the collection port 13, and the inclination angle of a tangent drawn from the upper end of the collection port 13 to the outer periphery of the rotary feeder 9. / 3 force
  • the ceiling net 16a is set to be larger than the inclination angle ⁇ of 16a. This is because the rotary feeder 9 collects the inputted lightweight waste material without stagnation. If the inclination angle is reversed, the upper end of the recovery port 13 obstructs the path of the waste material drawn into the rotary feeder 9 and the collected waste material is collected in the sorting tank 5 because the amount of recovered waste material decreases. Waste material accumulates.
  • a pulsation damping plate 18 on the lower surface of the outflow plate 17 for discharging waste material to the adjacent sorting tank 5 is hung down.
  • the pulsation damping plate 18 is for preventing the upper and lower pulsations from propagating into the recovery port 13, and attenuates the amplitude so that the separated and separated lightweight waste material is not ejected even if the pulsation amplitude changes.
  • the pulsation damping plate 18 is provided on the rotary feeder 9 and is set to an arbitrary length according to the amplitude of the pulsation.
  • the length of the pulsation damping plate 18 is shortened, and conversely, the pulsation cycle is slow.
  • the length must be long.
  • the lower end of the pulsation damping plate 18 is set so as to be on a tangent line connecting the collecting rotor 13 and the rotary feeder 9 described above so as not to affect the recovered amount.
  • the lower end of the pulsation damping plate 18 protrudes below the tangent line! This is to secure a route for the collected waste materials.
  • a waste material vertical movement suppressing plate 19 for suppressing the width of the collected lightweight waste material moving up and down is provided between the collection port 13 and the pulsation damping plate 18.
  • This waste material vertical movement suppression plate 1 Numeral 9 is inclined upward in the direction of collection by the rotary feeder 9, and reflects waves transmitted into the collection port 13 to the rotary feeder 9 side. If the waste material vertical movement suppressing plate 19 is inclined downward in the collecting direction, the water that has entered the collecting port 13 is reflected, and the waves attenuated by the pulsation damping plate 18 flow back into the sorting tank 5. .
  • the inclination of the waste material vertical movement suppressing plate 19 is arbitrarily set by vertical pulsation.For example, when the pulsation cycle is fast and the amplitude power S is small, the inclination may be small and close to horizontal, but the pulsation cycle is slow and vibration If the width is large, the slope must be increased.
  • step S7 a first lightweight waste material sorting step using the lightweight waste material sorting apparatus 4 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • step S5 after sorting, in step S5, the lightweight waste materials such as ABS, fat, PS, rubber, and the like, which are crushed in step S5, are put into the input port 11. .
  • the finely powdered resin from the input lightweight waste material is separately collected in a fine powder recovery section 20, and the remaining resin is supplied to an inclined sorting screen section 16 via a water wheel feeder 12.
  • the vertical pulsation means 6 pulsates the water in the vertical direction, the pulsation causes the light weight waste material to be sorted by the specific gravity difference.
  • the upper layer lightweight waste material may collapse and mix. 9 gently collects the lightweight waste material in order to reduce the vertical movement width of the lightweight waste material in the collection port 13 and prevents upper layer waste material from being mixed.
  • the collected PVC and rubbers are conveyed to the lightweight waste material sorting device 4 used in the second lightweight waste material sorting step in step S8, and further sorted into PVC and rubbers by this device.
  • the air in the air chamber 61 is intermittently exhausted when the water in the vertical pulsation cycle of each sorting tank 5 descends.
  • the amount of exhaust per unit time when the water descends is set to be larger than the amount of air supply per unit time when the water rises, and the force is applied strongly to descend. Therefore, the temporarily suspended water, when descending again, amplifies the sedimentation speed of the waste materials with different specific gravities and further increases the specific gravity disparity.
  • the particulate matter 73 in the inclined sorting screen portion 16 is thinly stacked on the collection port 13 side.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the specific gravity of the waste material to be separated is not limited to this. In the case where the difference is 0.5 or less, the inclined sorting screen section 16 laminated with a constant thickness may be used.
  • the environment in the collection port 13 can be maintained gently, and the effects of preventing the once collected light-weight waste material from flowing back and breaking the sedimentary layer can be prevented.
  • non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus 1 and the non-ferrous waste sorting system 2 using the same according to the present invention can be appropriately modified without being limited to the above-described embodiment.
  • three non-ferrous waste material sorting devices 1 are connected in series to form a non-ferrous waste material sorting system.
  • the stem 2 is not limited to this, but should be increased or decreased according to the number of types of mixed waste to be sorted.
  • the water is used for sorting based on the difference in specific gravity.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and if the object to be sorted is a light-weight material, salt water may be used.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a mixed waste material sorting step to which a non-ferrous waste material sorting system according to the present invention is applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a non-ferrous waste sorting system including the non-ferrous waste sorting apparatus according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of air in the air chamber and the time when air is supplied and exhausted by the upper and lower pulsating means of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a sorting screen unit of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic diagram showing a non-ferrous waste material sorting apparatus of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a relationship between a sorting tank of each non-ferrous waste material sorting apparatus of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a linear waste material sorting apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view of a linear waste material separation tank of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a lightweight waste material sorting apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view showing the lightweight waste material sorting apparatus of the present embodiment.

Landscapes

  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Il est prévu un dispositif de tri de déchets non ferreux, capable de trier et de récupérer avec précision des déchets non ferreux dans lesquels on mélange des fils et des harnais de cuivre dont la forme a tendance à les entremêler avec d’autres déchets, des résines en tôle, etc. Il est également prévu un système de tri de déchets non ferreux utilisant le dispositif de tri. Le dispositif de tri de déchets non ferreux comporte un récipient de tri (5) pour trier dles déchets mélangés en fonction des différences de densité de liquide ; des moyens pulsatoires verticaux (6) possédant une chambre à air (61) afin de pulser le liquide dans le récipient de tri (5) dans la direction verticale ; une section de crible de tri (7) afin de cloisonner l’intérieur du récipient de tri (5) en un côté supérieur et un côté inférieur et limiter de façon arbitraire, en fonction de la distance séparant d’une ouverture de récupération (13), une quantité passante du liquide repoussée vers le haut par la pulsation des moyens pulsatoires verticaux (6) pour faire en sorte que le débit d’eau soit plus important au niveau de l’ouverture de chargement (11) qu’au niveau de l’ouverture de récupération (13) ; et des lames variables (8) situées sous la section crible de tri (7) et jouant sur la direction d’avance du liquide, repoussées vers le haut par la section crible de tri (7), vers une direction inclinée désirée.
PCT/JP2005/000132 2004-01-08 2005-01-07 Dispositif pour trier des dechets non ferreux et systeme de tri de dechets non ferreux a l’aide du dispositif Ceased WO2005075085A1 (fr)

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JP2004-003331 2004-01-08
JP2004003331A JP3612325B1 (ja) 2004-01-08 2004-01-08 非鉄廃材選別装置およびこれを用いた非鉄廃材選別システム

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016016623A1 (fr) * 2014-07-27 2016-02-04 Impact Laboratories Ltd Procédé permettant de séparer des matériaux
WO2023087078A1 (fr) * 2021-11-22 2023-05-25 New Amigos Pty Ltd Procédés et appareil pour séparer un matériau cible d'un mélange particulaire

Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101507943B (zh) * 2009-03-22 2013-01-02 姚昆亮 一种空气室跳汰机及其选煤方法
JP7555504B2 (ja) * 2022-02-04 2024-09-24 三菱電機株式会社 リサイクル材の比重選別装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5776745U (fr) * 1980-10-22 1982-05-12
JPS6443355A (en) * 1987-08-10 1989-02-15 Sumitomo Heavy Industries Wet specific gravity screener
JPH11138043A (ja) * 1997-11-06 1999-05-25 Kyouboshi:Kk 骨材の比重選別装置
JPH11138044A (ja) * 1997-11-06 1999-05-25 Kyouboshi:Kk 骨材の選別方法及び骨材の比重選別制御システム

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5776745U (fr) * 1980-10-22 1982-05-12
JPS6443355A (en) * 1987-08-10 1989-02-15 Sumitomo Heavy Industries Wet specific gravity screener
JPH11138043A (ja) * 1997-11-06 1999-05-25 Kyouboshi:Kk 骨材の比重選別装置
JPH11138044A (ja) * 1997-11-06 1999-05-25 Kyouboshi:Kk 骨材の選別方法及び骨材の比重選別制御システム

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016016623A1 (fr) * 2014-07-27 2016-02-04 Impact Laboratories Ltd Procédé permettant de séparer des matériaux
US10093036B2 (en) 2014-07-27 2018-10-09 Impact Laboratories Ltd. Process for separating materials
WO2023087078A1 (fr) * 2021-11-22 2023-05-25 New Amigos Pty Ltd Procédés et appareil pour séparer un matériau cible d'un mélange particulaire

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JP2006297169A (ja) 2006-11-02

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