WO2005064756A1 - Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof - Google Patents
Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005064756A1 WO2005064756A1 PCT/EP2004/014235 EP2004014235W WO2005064756A1 WO 2005064756 A1 WO2005064756 A1 WO 2005064756A1 EP 2004014235 W EP2004014235 W EP 2004014235W WO 2005064756 A1 WO2005064756 A1 WO 2005064756A1
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- metal
- carbon brush
- sintering
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- powdery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/38—Brush holders
- H01R39/39—Brush holders wherein the brush is fixedly mounted in the holder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
Definitions
- Carbon brushes for electric motors or generators must be fastened to a holder which ensures the necessary system pressure on the commutator or the like and which enables the movement of the carbon brush to be adjusted in accordance with the wear.
- a leaf spring which is particularly suitable for the carbon brush because of its simplicity, cost-effectiveness and low weight is a leaf spring which, in addition to the function of the holder and guide, can also take over the function of power transmission.
- the problem of fastening the carbon brush to the leaf spring arises in such a way that, on the one hand, the required mechanical strength in continuous operation and, on the other hand, the transmission of high currents is ensured.
- a carbon brush for a gasoline pump motor which is soldered to a leaf spring serving as a support and for this purpose has a solderable layer consisting of a copper layer and a tin layer applied thereon.
- metallizations or, as a rule, galvanically applied metal layers it is difficult to produce a soldered or welded connection between the carbon brush and the leaf spring, which has sufficient mechanical, thermal and electrical resilience for continuous operation.
- the tension compensation between the carbon brush and the leaf spring is problematic due to the different mode of elasticity and thermal expansion coefficient.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a carbon brush as well as a method and a material for its production which enables a simple, mechanically and electrically highly loadable connection to a leaf spring.
- a carbon brush which, in addition to the usual single-layer or multi-layer base body made of pressed and sintered carbon material, has at least one outer layer made of metallic material, which ensures that the carbon brush can be welded or soldered, this metal layer likewise being produced by pressing and sintering and with is connected to the base body.
- a suitable welding process e.g. ultrasonic welding, laser welding or the like
- soldering process e.g. soldering process
- a material must be available for the production of the carbon brushes with a weldable metal layer that is good for powder metallurgical processing connects with the carbon material of the base body of the carbon brush and, on the other hand, is easy to weld or solder using the selected method.
- pure copper and its alloys as well as iron or steel are not suitable because their coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity are not compatible with that of the carbon material of the base body of the carbon brush in the sintering process. Materials that are similar to the carbon material of the base body of the carbon brush are also excluded, since they cannot be welded due to the graphite content they contain.
- component A makes up the majority, preferably more than 80%, of the material and preferably consists of copper or a copper alloy with, for example, Sn, Zn, Ni or Ag. It is preferably in powder form with an average diameter D 50 of 15 to 25 ⁇ m.
- Component B is an additional metal that has a higher ductility and lower melting point than component A.
- the melting point is 400 ° C. or below and the elongation at break is 5% or above.
- the component B preferably consists of Sn or an alloy of Sn with, for example, Cu, Ag, Sb, Zn, Ga, In, Bi or Pb.
- the metal component B can also consist of In and / or Bi or an alloy with In or Bi. Its share in the total powder mixture of the material is preferably 1.5 to 15 percent by weight.
- the additional metal B is preferably in an average grain size D 50 of 15 to 35 ⁇ m.
- the material can preferably contain one or more non-metallic, organic and / or inorganic additives C in powder form.
- non-metallic, organic and / or inorganic additives C are stearates, graphite, talc, SiC or Al 2 O 3 .
- Their average grain size D 50 is preferably not more than 20 ⁇ m.
- composition of the material is (data in percent by weight): A: 92% Cu (D 50 15 - 25 ⁇ m) B: 7.5% Sn (D 50 15 - 55 ⁇ m) C: 0.5% graphite ( D 50 ⁇ 20 ⁇ m).
- the specified material can be processed perfectly by powder metallurgy by pressing and sintering and combines excellently with the functional layer (base body) of the carbon brush to form a metal layer with excellent weldability and solderability. It has been shown that the low-melting and ductile metal B wets the base metal A during pressing and sintering, but does not diffuse or diffuses into it. This ensures that the predominant or at least sufficient part of the metal B is not alloyed with the metal A after the sintering, but is present in pure form, and thus the desired ductility of the metal layer is achieved.
- the ductility of the material enables tension compensation between the base body 1 of the carbon brush and the welding track metal layer (2) on the one hand and the leaf spring welded to the metal layer (2) on the other hand.
- the base metal A and at least the major part of the further metal B form two separate metal phases, which are intimately connected to one another by the pressing and sintering, but are essentially not alloyed with one another.
- the heat treatment i.e. H. the sintering of the metal layer is carried out at a temperature which is lower than the melting point of the base metal A but higher than the melting point of the further metal B. It is therefore preferably a liquid sintering in which the further metal B is in the liquid phase, while the base metal A is in the solid, powdery phase. If the base metal A is copper and the further metal B is tin, the sintering temperature is advantageously in the range from 300 to 700 ° C., preferably in the range from 400 to 500 ° C.
- the non-metallic, organic or inorganic additive C is not wetted by the metal B during the sintering process and thereby prevents an undesirably large diffusion of the metal B into the base metal A.
- the carbon brush has a base body 1, which is produced in the usual manner in one or more layers from a common carbon material for carbon brushes, in particular a graphite mixture with additives, by pressing and heat treatment (sintering).
- a base body 1 Connected to the base body 1 is the easily weldable or solderable metal layer (2), which is also produced from the above-mentioned powdery material according to the invention by pressing and optionally sintering and is non-detachably connected to the base body 1.
- the base body 1 and weldable metal layer 2 can be produced and pressed together at the same time by pressing and sintering, or the base body 1 can be prefabricated and the weldable metal layer 2 can be molded onto it subsequently by pressing and sintering.
- the easily weldable metal layer 2 makes it possible to attach the entire carbon brush by welding to a leaf spring 3, for example by welding spots 4 or z. B. by a continuous weld.
- the thickness of the sintered metal layer 2 depends on the requirements of the welding or soldering method chosen for the connection with the leaf spring 3.
- the thickness of the metal layer 2 is preferably in the range from 0.2 to 5 mm.
- a thickness of the metal layer 2 of less than 1 mm, in particular in the range from 0.2 to 0.5 mm, should be sufficient for a solder connection to the leaf spring 2.
- a thickness of at least 1 mm, e.g. B. in the range of 2 to 4 mm may be advantageous.
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- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Kohlebürste sowie Verfahren und Werkstoff zu ihrer Herstellung Carbon brush and process and material for its manufacture
Kohlebürsten für elektrische Motoren oder Generatoren müssen an einer Halterung befestigt sein, die für den nötigen Anlagedruck am Kommutator oder dgl. sorgt und die dem Verschleiß der Kohlebürste entsprechende Nachführbewegung ermöglicht. Ein wegen seiner Einfachheit, Kostengünstigkeit und niedrigen Gewichts besonders geeigneter Träger für die Kohlebürste ist eine Blattfeder, die zusätzlich zur Funktion der Halterung und Führung auch die Funktion der Stromübertragung übernehmen kann. Es stellt sich aber das Problem der Befestigung der Kohlebürste an der Blattfeder derart, dass einerseits die erforderliche mechanische Festigkeit im Dauerbetrieb und andererseits die Ü- bertragung hoher Ströme gewährleistet ist.Carbon brushes for electric motors or generators must be fastened to a holder which ensures the necessary system pressure on the commutator or the like and which enables the movement of the carbon brush to be adjusted in accordance with the wear. A leaf spring which is particularly suitable for the carbon brush because of its simplicity, cost-effectiveness and low weight is a leaf spring which, in addition to the function of the holder and guide, can also take over the function of power transmission. However, the problem of fastening the carbon brush to the leaf spring arises in such a way that, on the one hand, the required mechanical strength in continuous operation and, on the other hand, the transmission of high currents is ensured.
Aus DE 102 07 406 AI ist eine Kohlebürste gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt, die an einer als Träger dienenden Blattfeder durch Schweißen oder Löten befestigt ist und zu diesem Zweck an der mit dem Träger zu verbindenden Fläche verzinnt, vernickelt oder in sonstiger Weise metallisiert ist.From DE 102 07 406 AI a carbon brush according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, which is attached to a leaf spring serving as a support by welding or soldering and for this purpose tinned, nickel-plated or otherwise metallized on the surface to be connected to the support is.
Aus DE 40 40 002 AI ist eine Kohlebürste für einen Benzinpumpenmotor bekannt, die an einer als Träger dienenden Blattfeder angelötet ist und zu diesem Zweck eine lötbare Schicht aufweist, die aus einer Kupferschicht und einer auf dieser aufgebrachten Zinn- schicht besteht. Mit derartigen Metallisierungen bzw. in der Regel galvanisch aufgebrachten Metallscliichten ist es jedoch schwierig, eine Löt- oder Schweißverbindung zwischen Kohlebürste und Blattfeder herzustellen, die eine für den Dauerbetrieb ausreichende mechanische, thermische und elektrische Belastbarkeit aufweist. Insbesondere ist der Spannungsausgleich zwischen der Kohlebürste und der Blattfeder aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Elastizitätsmodus und thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten problematisch. Aus DE 24 44 957 AI ist es bekannt, eine mit einer löt- oder schweißbaren Metallschicht versehene Kohlebürste dadurch herzustellen, dass eine Schicht aus pulverförmi- gem kohlehaltigen Material und eine Schicht aus Metallpulver gemeinsam verpresst und dann wärmebehandelt werden. Das Metallpulver besteht aus Kupfer.From DE 40 40 002 AI a carbon brush for a gasoline pump motor is known, which is soldered to a leaf spring serving as a support and for this purpose has a solderable layer consisting of a copper layer and a tin layer applied thereon. With such metallizations or, as a rule, galvanically applied metal layers, it is difficult to produce a soldered or welded connection between the carbon brush and the leaf spring, which has sufficient mechanical, thermal and electrical resilience for continuous operation. In particular, the tension compensation between the carbon brush and the leaf spring is problematic due to the different mode of elasticity and thermal expansion coefficient. From DE 24 44 957 AI it is known to produce a carbon brush provided with a solderable or weldable metal layer in that a layer of powdered carbonaceous material and a layer of metal powder are pressed together and then heat treated. The metal powder is made of copper.
Aus US 3,601,645 AI ist es bekannt, eine elektrische Kontaktbürste mit einem aus Metall und Kohlewerkstoff bestehenden Grundkörper und einer mit diesem unlösbar verbundenen Metallschicht durch Pressen und Sintern eines pulverformigen Metall- Kohlewerkstoffs für den Grundkörper und eines Metallpulvers herzustellen, wobei die Metallschicht aus Kupfer, Eisen oder einer Legierung bestehen kann.From US 3,601,645 AI it is known to produce an electrical contact brush with a base body made of metal and carbon material and a metal layer that is inextricably connected to it by pressing and sintering a powdered metal-carbon material for the base body and a metal powder, the metal layer being made of copper, iron or an alloy.
Aus DE 32 17 217 C2 ist es bekannt, eine Kontaktbürste durch Verpressen eines Bündels von metallbeschichteten Kohlenstofffasern herzustellen, wobei die Metallbeschich- tung der Kohlenstofffasern u.a. aus Kupfer, Aluminium, Zinn, Eisen oder einer Legierung davon bestehen kann.From DE 32 17 217 C2 it is known to produce a contact brush by pressing a bundle of metal-coated carbon fibers, the metal coating of the carbon fibers and others. can consist of copper, aluminum, tin, iron or an alloy thereof.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kohlebürste sowie ein Verfahren und einen Werkstoff für ihre Herstellung anzugeben, die eine einfache, mechanisch und e- lektrisch hoch belastbare Verbindung mit einer Blattfeder ermöglicht.The invention is based on the object of specifying a carbon brush as well as a method and a material for its production which enables a simple, mechanically and electrically highly loadable connection to a leaf spring.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe ist in den Ansprüchen angegeben.The solution to the problem is specified in the claims.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden näher und anhand eines Ausfuhrungsbeispiels erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below and using an exemplary embodiment.
Es ist kommerziell interessant, Kohlebürsten mit Blattfedern zu verschweißen, weil damit eine Verbindung realisiert werden kann, mit der hohe Ströme von mehr als 15 A übertragen werden können. Dies würde es erlauben, auch Motorbauarten auf diese kostengünstige Bauart umzustellen, die wegen zu hoher Anforderungen bezüglich der Stromstärke beim Blockiertest oder auch im Dauerbetrieb bisher nicht nach diesem Konzept gefertigt werden konnten. Motoren dieser Art, bei denen die Kohlebürste bei kleinen Abmessungen hohe Ströme übertragen muss, sind z.B. Stellantriebe in Kraftfahrzeugen wie z.B. Antriebe für Fensterheber, Sitzverstellungen, Schiebedächer, Spiegelverstellungen und dgl.It is of commercial interest to weld carbon brushes with leaf springs because it can be used to create a connection with which high currents of more than 15 A can be transmitted. This would make it possible to convert motor types to this cost-effective type, which could not previously be manufactured according to this concept due to the high demands regarding the current strength in the blocking test or in continuous operation. Motors of this type, in which the carbon brush Small dimensions must transmit high currents are, for example, actuators in motor vehicles such as drives for window regulators, seat adjustments, sunroofs, mirror adjustments and the like.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Kohlebürste vorgesehen, die neben dem üblichen, ein- oder mehrschichtigen Grundkörper aus gepresstem und gesinterten Kohlewerkstoff mindestens eine Außenschicht aus metallischem Werkstoff aufweist, die die Schweiß- oder Lötbarkeit der Kohlebürste sicherstellt, wobei diese Metallschicht ebenfalls durch Pressen und Sintern hergestellt und mit dem Grundkörper verbunden ist.According to the invention, a carbon brush is provided which, in addition to the usual single-layer or multi-layer base body made of pressed and sintered carbon material, has at least one outer layer made of metallic material, which ensures that the carbon brush can be welded or soldered, this metal layer likewise being produced by pressing and sintering and with is connected to the base body.
Für das Schweißen oder Löten einer Kohlebürste muss ein geeignetes Schweißverfahren (z.B. Ultraschallschweißen, Laserschweißen oder dgl.) oder Lötverfahren angewendet werden und ferner muss für die Herstellung der Kohlebürsten mit einer schweißbaren Metallschicht ein Werkstoff zur Verfügung stehen, der sich einerseits bei der pulvermetallurgischen Verarbeitung gut mit dem Kohlewerkstoff des Grundkörpers der Kohlebürste verbindet und andererseits mit dem ausgewählten Verfahren gut zu schweißen oder zu löten ist. Es wurde gefunden, dass reines Kupfer und seine Legierungen sowie Eisen oder Stahl nicht geeignet sind, weil ihr Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient und Elastizitätsmodul nicht mit dem des Kohlewerkstoffs des Grundkörpers der Kohlebürste im Sinterverfahren kompatibel ist. Werkstoffe, die dem Kohlewerkstoff des Grundkörpers der Kohlebürste ähnlich sind, scheiden ebenfalls aus, da sie sich, bedingt durch den enthaltenen Graphitanteil, nicht verschweißen lassen.For the welding or soldering of a carbon brush, a suitable welding process (e.g. ultrasonic welding, laser welding or the like) or soldering process must be used and furthermore, a material must be available for the production of the carbon brushes with a weldable metal layer that is good for powder metallurgical processing connects with the carbon material of the base body of the carbon brush and, on the other hand, is easy to weld or solder using the selected method. It has been found that pure copper and its alloys as well as iron or steel are not suitable because their coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity are not compatible with that of the carbon material of the base body of the carbon brush in the sintering process. Materials that are similar to the carbon material of the base body of the carbon brush are also excluded, since they cannot be welded due to the graphite content they contain.
Es wurde erfindungsgemäß gefunden, dass ein metallischer Werkstoff in Form eines Pulvergemisches aus einem Bestandteil A, einem duktilen und niedrigschmelzenden Bestandteil B und ggf. weiteren Zusatzstoffen C beiden Notwendigkeiten, nämlich der guten Verbindung durch Pressen und Sintern mit dem funktionellen Kohlewerkstoff des Grundkörpers der Kohlebürste einerseits und der guten Schweißbarkeit oder Lötbarkeit andererseits gleichzeitig gerecht wird. Erfindungsgemäß macht der Bestandteil A den überwiegenden Teil, vorzugsweise mehr als 80%, des Werkstoffs aus und besteht vorzugsweise aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung mit z.B. Sn, Zn, Ni oder Ag. Er liegt vorzugsweise in Pulverform mit einem mittleren Durchmesser D50 von 15 bis 25 μm vor.It has been found according to the invention that a metallic material in the form of a powder mixture of a component A, a ductile and low-melting component B and possibly other additives C has both requirements, namely the good connection by pressing and sintering with the functional carbon material of the base body of the carbon brush on the one hand and the good weldability or solderability on the other hand at the same time. According to the invention, component A makes up the majority, preferably more than 80%, of the material and preferably consists of copper or a copper alloy with, for example, Sn, Zn, Ni or Ag. It is preferably in powder form with an average diameter D 50 of 15 to 25 μm.
Der Bestandteil B ist ein zusätzliches Metall, das eine höhere Duktilität und niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt aufweist als der Bestandteil A. Vorzugsweise liegt der Schmelzpunkt bei 400°C oder darunter und die Bruchdehnung bei 5% oder darüber. Der Bestandteil B besteht vorzugsweise aus Sn oder eine Legierung von Sn mit z.B. Cu, Ag, Sb, Zn, Ga, In, Bi oder Pb. Der Metallbestandteil B kann auch aus In und/oder Bi oder einer Legierung mit In oder Bi bestehen. Sein Anteil an der gesamten Pulvermischung des Werkstoffs beträgt vorzugsweise 1,5 bis 15 Gewichtsprozent. Das zusätzliche Metall B liegt vorzugsweise in einer mittleren Korngröße D50 von 15 bis 35 μm vor.Component B is an additional metal that has a higher ductility and lower melting point than component A. Preferably, the melting point is 400 ° C. or below and the elongation at break is 5% or above. The component B preferably consists of Sn or an alloy of Sn with, for example, Cu, Ag, Sb, Zn, Ga, In, Bi or Pb. The metal component B can also consist of In and / or Bi or an alloy with In or Bi. Its share in the total powder mixture of the material is preferably 1.5 to 15 percent by weight. The additional metal B is preferably in an average grain size D 50 of 15 to 35 μm.
Zusätzlich kann der Werkstoff vorzugsweise einen oder mehrere nichtmetallische, organische und/oder anorganische Zusätze C in Pulverform enthalten. Als derartige Zusätze kommen z.B. Stearate, Graphit, Talkum, SiC oder Al2O3 in Betracht. Ihre mittlere Korngröße D50 beträgt vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 20 μm.In addition, the material can preferably contain one or more non-metallic, organic and / or inorganic additives C in powder form. Examples of such additives are stearates, graphite, talc, SiC or Al 2 O 3 . Their average grain size D 50 is preferably not more than 20 μm.
Ein bevorzugtes Beispiel zur Zusammensetzung des Werkstoffs ist (Angaben in Gewichtsprozent): A: 92% Cu (D50 15 - 25 μm) B: 7,5% Sn (D50 15 - 55 μm) C: 0,5% Graphit (D50 < 20 μm).A preferred example of the composition of the material is (data in percent by weight): A: 92% Cu (D 50 15 - 25 μm) B: 7.5% Sn (D 50 15 - 55 μm) C: 0.5% graphite ( D 50 <20 μm).
Der angegebene Werkstoff lässt sich pulvermetallurgisch einwandfrei durch Verpressen und Sintern verarbeiten und verbindet sich hervorragend mit der funktionellen Schicht (Grundkörper) der Kohlebürste zur Bildung einer Metallschicht mit hervorragender Schweiß- und Lötbarkeit. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass beim Pressen und Sintern das niedrigschmelzende und duktile Metall B das Grundmetall A benetzt, aber in dieses nicht oder wenig eindiffundiert. Dadurch wird gewährleistet, dass der überwiegende oder jedenfalls ausreichende Teil des Metalls B nach dem Sintern nicht mit dem Metall A legiert ist, sondern rein vorliegt und somit die gewünschte Duktilität der Metallschicht erzielt wird. Durch die Duktilität des Werkstoffs wird ein Spannungsausgleich zwischen dem Grundkörper 1 der Kohlebürste und der Schweißbahn-Metallschicht (2) einerseits und der mit der Metallschicht (2) verschweißten Blattfeder andererseits ermöglicht.The specified material can be processed perfectly by powder metallurgy by pressing and sintering and combines excellently with the functional layer (base body) of the carbon brush to form a metal layer with excellent weldability and solderability. It has been shown that the low-melting and ductile metal B wets the base metal A during pressing and sintering, but does not diffuse or diffuses into it. This ensures that the predominant or at least sufficient part of the metal B is not alloyed with the metal A after the sintering, but is present in pure form, and thus the desired ductility of the metal layer is achieved. The ductility of the material enables tension compensation between the base body 1 of the carbon brush and the welding track metal layer (2) on the one hand and the leaf spring welded to the metal layer (2) on the other hand.
Mit anderen Worten, in der durch Pressen und Sintern hergestellten Sintermetallschicht 2 bilden das Grundmetall A und zumindest der überwiegende Teil des weiteren Metalls B zwei getrennte Metallphasen, die zwar durch das Pressen und Sintern innig miteinander verbunden, aber im wesentlichen nicht miteinander legiert sind.In other words, in the sintered metal layer 2 produced by pressing and sintering, the base metal A and at least the major part of the further metal B form two separate metal phases, which are intimately connected to one another by the pressing and sintering, but are essentially not alloyed with one another.
Vorzugsweise wird die Wärmebehandlung, d. h. das Sintern der Metallschicht bei einer Temperatur, die niedriger als der Schmelzpunkt des Grundmetalls A, aber höher als der Schmelzpunkt des weiteren Metalls B liegt, durchgeführt. Es handelt sich somit vorzugsweise um eine Flüssigsinterung, bei der das weitere Metall B in flüssiger Phase, das Grundmetall A dagegen in fester, pulverförmiger Phase vorliegt. Wenn das Grundmetall A Kupfer und das weitere Metall B Zinn ist, liegt die Sintertemperatur vorteilhafterweise im Bereich von 300 bis 700°C, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 400 bis 500°C.Preferably the heat treatment, i.e. H. the sintering of the metal layer is carried out at a temperature which is lower than the melting point of the base metal A but higher than the melting point of the further metal B. It is therefore preferably a liquid sintering in which the further metal B is in the liquid phase, while the base metal A is in the solid, powdery phase. If the base metal A is copper and the further metal B is tin, the sintering temperature is advantageously in the range from 300 to 700 ° C., preferably in the range from 400 to 500 ° C.
Der nichtmetallische, organische oder anorganische Zusatz C wird vom Metall B beim Sinterprozess nicht benetzt und verhindert dadurch eine unerwünscht große Diffusion des Metalls B in das Grundmetall A.The non-metallic, organic or inorganic additive C is not wetted by the metal B during the sintering process and thereby prevents an undesirably large diffusion of the metal B into the base metal A.
Die beigefügte Zeichnung zeigt schematisch eine an eine Blattfeder angeschweißte Kohlebürste gemäß der Erfindung.The accompanying drawing shows schematically a carbon brush welded to a leaf spring according to the invention.
Die Kohlebürste hat einen Grundkörper 1, der in üblicher Weise einschichtig oder auch mehrschichtig aus einem üblichen Kohlewerkstoff für Kohlebürsten, insbesondere einer Graphitmischung mit Zusätzen, durch Pressen und Wärmebehandlung (Sintern) hergestellt ist. Mit dem Grundkörper 1 verbunden ist die gut schweiß- oder lötbare Metall- schicht (2), die aus den o.g. erfindungsgemäßen pulverförmigen Werkstoff ebenfalls durch Pressen und ggf. Sintern hergestellt und mit dem Grundkörper 1 unlösbar verbunden ist. Grundkörper 1 und schweißbare Metallschicht 2 können gleichzeitig durch Ver- pressen und Sintern hergestellt und miteinander verbunden werden, oder es kann der Grundkörper 1 vorgefertigt und an diesen nachträglich die schweißbare Metallschicht 2 durch Pressen und Sintern angeformt werden.The carbon brush has a base body 1, which is produced in the usual manner in one or more layers from a common carbon material for carbon brushes, in particular a graphite mixture with additives, by pressing and heat treatment (sintering). Connected to the base body 1 is the easily weldable or solderable metal layer (2), which is also produced from the above-mentioned powdery material according to the invention by pressing and optionally sintering and is non-detachably connected to the base body 1. The base body 1 and weldable metal layer 2 can be produced and pressed together at the same time by pressing and sintering, or the base body 1 can be prefabricated and the weldable metal layer 2 can be molded onto it subsequently by pressing and sintering.
Die gut schweißbare Metallschicht 2 ermöglicht es, die gesamte Kohlebürste durch Schweißen an einer Blattfeder 3 zu befestigen, beispielsweise durch Schweißpunkte 4 oder z. B. durch eine durchgehende Schweißnaht.The easily weldable metal layer 2 makes it possible to attach the entire carbon brush by welding to a leaf spring 3, for example by welding spots 4 or z. B. by a continuous weld.
Die Dicke der Sintermetallschicht 2 richtet sich nach den Erfordernissen des für die Verbindung mit der Blattfeder 3 gewählten Schweiß- oder Lötverfahrens. Vorzugsweise liegt die Dicke der Metallschicht 2 im Bereich von 0,2 bis 5 mm. Für eine Lötverbindung mit der Blattfeder 2 dürfte in der Regel eine Dicke der Metallschicht 2 von weniger als 1 mm, insbesondere im Bereich von 0,2 bis 0,5 mm ausreichen. Für eine Schweißverbindung dürfte in der Regel eine Dicke von mindestens 1 mm, z. B. im Bereich von 2 bis 4 mm, vorteilhaft sein. The thickness of the sintered metal layer 2 depends on the requirements of the welding or soldering method chosen for the connection with the leaf spring 3. The thickness of the metal layer 2 is preferably in the range from 0.2 to 5 mm. As a rule, a thickness of the metal layer 2 of less than 1 mm, in particular in the range from 0.2 to 0.5 mm, should be sufficient for a solder connection to the leaf spring 2. For a welded joint, a thickness of at least 1 mm, e.g. B. in the range of 2 to 4 mm, may be advantageous.
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006544315A JP2007515146A (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-14 | Carbon brush, carbon brush manufacturing method, and material used for carbon brush |
| DE502004005669T DE502004005669D1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-14 | Carbon brush and method and material for their production |
| EP04803858A EP1702390B1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-14 | Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof |
| US11/453,385 US20060260436A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-15 | Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10359896.0 | 2003-12-19 | ||
| DE10359896A DE10359896A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2003-12-19 | Carbon brush and method and material for their production |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/453,385 Continuation US20060260436A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2006-06-15 | Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005064756A1 true WO2005064756A1 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
Family
ID=34683604
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2004/014235 Ceased WO2005064756A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-14 | Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060260436A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1702390B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2007515146A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1902792A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE380408T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10359896A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2297520T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005064756A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7642688B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2010-01-05 | Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal-graphite brush |
| US8847463B2 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2014-09-30 | Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh | Carbon brush for transmitting high currents |
| WO2018219658A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-06 | Schunk Carbon Technology Gmbh | Discharge device for discharging electric currents |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006051678A1 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-15 | Schunk Modultechnik Gmbh | Sliding contact i.e. carbon brush, has two layers e.g. sliding surface-sided running layer and sliding surface lying layer, with surfaces turned towards each other, where lying layer consists of resistor material with resistance process |
| DE102007026265B4 (en) | 2007-06-05 | 2014-04-10 | Gerhard Präzisionspresstechnik GmbH | carbon brush |
| CN102439183A (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2012-05-02 | 大丰工业株式会社 | Lead-free copper-based sintered sliding material and sliding parts |
| FR2972082B1 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2013-03-29 | Mersen France Amiens Sas | CONTACT BROOM |
| DE102011015579B4 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2017-03-23 | Heraeus Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Elastic sliding contact and method for its production |
| CN106329286B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2019-06-11 | 苏州东南佳新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of EMU ground connection reflux unit brush |
| CN109244686B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-06-18 | 合德华厦安防科技有限公司 | Core rod for grounding system and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023086436A1 (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-05-19 | National Electrical Carbon Products, Inc. | Carbon brush |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3601645A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1971-08-24 | Morganite Carbon Ltd | Electrical contact brushes |
| US5270504A (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-12-14 | Deutsche Carbone Aktiengesellschaft | Sliding contact member for high currrent densities |
| DE10207406A1 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-09-11 | K Tec Gmbh | Holder for a carbon brush |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2444957C2 (en) * | 1974-09-20 | 1982-08-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Process for the production of a composite material from carbonaceous powder and metal powder |
| JPS57185685A (en) * | 1981-05-09 | 1982-11-15 | Toho Beslon Co | Brush for electric machine and method of producing same |
| DE19900023A1 (en) * | 1999-01-02 | 2000-07-06 | Carbone Ag | Production of sprung brush used on commutator of electric motor involves pressing conductive powder on strip of beryllium bronze sheet and sintering at temperature increasing elasticity of bronze |
-
2003
- 2003-12-19 DE DE10359896A patent/DE10359896A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-12-14 ES ES04803858T patent/ES2297520T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-14 DE DE502004005669T patent/DE502004005669D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-12-14 AT AT04803858T patent/ATE380408T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-12-14 JP JP2006544315A patent/JP2007515146A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-12-14 EP EP04803858A patent/EP1702390B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-14 CN CNA2004800375469A patent/CN1902792A/en active Pending
- 2004-12-14 WO PCT/EP2004/014235 patent/WO2005064756A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-06-15 US US11/453,385 patent/US20060260436A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3601645A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1971-08-24 | Morganite Carbon Ltd | Electrical contact brushes |
| US5270504A (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-12-14 | Deutsche Carbone Aktiengesellschaft | Sliding contact member for high currrent densities |
| DE10207406A1 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-09-11 | K Tec Gmbh | Holder for a carbon brush |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7642688B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2010-01-05 | Mabuchi Motor Co., Ltd. | Metal-graphite brush |
| US8847463B2 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2014-09-30 | Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh | Carbon brush for transmitting high currents |
| WO2018219658A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2018-12-06 | Schunk Carbon Technology Gmbh | Discharge device for discharging electric currents |
| KR20200019615A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-02-24 | 슝크 카르본 테히놀로기 게엠베하 | Discharge device for current discharge |
| EP3631911A1 (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-04-08 | Schunk Carbon Technology GmbH | Discharge device for discharging electric currents |
| US11139625B2 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2021-10-05 | Schunk Carbon Technology Gmbh | Discharge device for discharging electric currents |
| KR102509145B1 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2023-03-10 | 슝크 카르본 테히놀로기 게엠베하 | release device for current release |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1702390B1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
| US20060260436A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
| JP2007515146A (en) | 2007-06-07 |
| EP1702390A1 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
| CN1902792A (en) | 2007-01-24 |
| ATE380408T1 (en) | 2007-12-15 |
| ES2297520T3 (en) | 2008-05-01 |
| DE502004005669D1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| DE10359896A1 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
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