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WO2005059185A1 - Quenouille permettant de mesurer la temperature - Google Patents

Quenouille permettant de mesurer la temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005059185A1
WO2005059185A1 PCT/US2004/042405 US2004042405W WO2005059185A1 WO 2005059185 A1 WO2005059185 A1 WO 2005059185A1 US 2004042405 W US2004042405 W US 2004042405W WO 2005059185 A1 WO2005059185 A1 WO 2005059185A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stopper rod
insert
graphite
axial channel
stopper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2004/042405
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Quentin K. Robinson
Yong Mook Lee
Michael Stephenson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vesuvius Crucible Co
Original Assignee
Vesuvius Crucible Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vesuvius Crucible Co filed Critical Vesuvius Crucible Co
Publication of WO2005059185A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005059185A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
    • B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
    • B22D41/18—Stopper-rods therefor
    • B22D41/186—Stopper-rods therefor with means for injecting a fluid into the melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a stopper rod for use in a tundish for molten metal-producing applications. More specifically, the present invention relates to an improved stopper rod capable of sensing the temperature of the molten metal. Description of the related art.
  • a metallurgical casting vessel for example, a tundish
  • a tundish is used to transfer molten metal from a ladle to a casting operation.
  • a tundish nozzle located at the bottom of the vessel through which the molten metal flows on its way to the casting operation.
  • the flow of the molten metal through the tundish nozzle is most often regulated by the use of a stopper rod or plug that mates with the tundish nozzle.
  • the stopper rod When the stopper rod is lowered into contact with the tundish nozzle, the flow of the molten metal is slowed or stopped. As the stopper rod is raised, the flow of the molten metal proceeds at an increasing rate through the tundish nozzle.
  • stopper rods to regulate flow
  • slag tends to build up around the rounded end or nose of the stopper rod.
  • Such slag build-up can come between the stopper rod and the tundish nozzle, thus preventing full closure of the tundish nozzle. This leads to a situation where flow of the molten metal cannot be stopped until the tundish is emptied.
  • thermocouples located throughout the tundish it is advantageous for the operators of a molten metal-producing process to monitor the temperature of the molten metal in the tundish. Quite often, this is accomplished through the use of thermocouples located throughout the tundish. However, it is often very expensive and labor intensive to handle thermocouples located at the bottom of the tundish. It is also desirable to have an indication of the temperature of the molten metal as it leaves the tundish. To that end, the '825 Patent also discloses the placement of a thermocouple inside the stopper rod. In order to accommodate the thermocouple, a rib is formed on one side of the stopper rod. The axial channel that holds the thermocouple is located inside the rib.
  • the purpose of the rib is to allow fast temperature response by the thermocouple as compared to the response experienced when the thermocouple is placed in the center of the rod. This increased response is attributed to the placement of the thermocouple closer to the molten metal than the center of the rod.
  • the rib also shields the thermocouple from the flow of the inert gas. If the inert gas is permitted to flow in direct contact with the thermocouple, it can have the effect of cooling the thermocouple.
  • thermocouple will indicate a temperature that is lower than the actual temperature. Therefore, in order to ensure that the thermocouple is providing an accurate reading, it is desirable to shield the thermocouple from the flow of the inert gas.
  • the addition of the rib requires additional refractory material, which increases the cost of the stopper rod.
  • the stopper rod desirably uses a minimum amount of refractory material, yet still provides a fast response by the thermocouple or other temperature sensing device.
  • a stopper rod for preventing the flow of molten metal through a tundish nozzle comprises a body having a proximal end and a distal end. It further comprises a nose on the distal end of the body and an axial channel within the body. Finally, a temperature sensing device is disposed within the axial channel; and a means for supplying gas from approximately the proximal end of the body to approximately the distal end of the body is provided.
  • a stopper rod for preventing the flow of molten metal through a tundish nozzle.
  • a stopper rod according to the present invention comprises a body having a proximal end and a distal end. It further comprises a nose on the distal end of the body and an axial channel within the body. Finally, a temperature sensing device is disposed within the axial channel and insert within the axial channel is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process for making molten metal in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a stopper rod in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a stopper rod in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a stopper rod in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional, cut-away view of a stopper rod in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a portion of a metal production process, for example, a steel-making process.
  • a tundish 2 is a metallurgical vessel that contains a volume of molten metal 4.
  • the molten metal 4 is supplied to the tundish 2 by a plurality of ladles (not shown), and the tundish 2 contains the molten metal 4 until it is allowed to flow out of the tundish into a casting operation.
  • a tundish nozzle 6 At the bottom of the tundish 2 is a tundish nozzle 6 that is secured to an orifice in the bottom of the tundish 2.
  • the tundish nozzle 6 facilitates the transfer of the molten metal 4 from the tundish 2 to the casting operation.
  • the flow of the molten metal 4 out of the tundish 2 and through the tundish nozzle 6 is regulated by a stopper rod 8.
  • the stopper rod 8 is attached to a mechanism 10 that raises and lowers the stopper rod 8 into and out of the tundish nozzle 6.
  • Typical mechanisms 10 and means for attaching them to a stopper rod 8 are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Any such mechanisms 10 and compatible means for attaching them may be used in connection with a stopper rod in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a stopper rod 20 in accordance with the present invention.
  • the stopper rod 20 comprises a body 22.
  • the stopper body 22 may be any shape, but preferably, the stopper body 22 is substantially cylindrical in shape.
  • the stopper body 22 has a proximal end 24 and a distal end 26.
  • the stopper body 22 preferably comprises a refractory material able to withstand the thermal shock and erosion that the stopper rod 20 will experience inside the tundish as it is exposed to the molten metal.
  • Suitable refractory materials include alumina graphite, magnesia graphite, zirconia, silica graphite and spinel graphite, or any suitable combination of those materials.
  • the stopper body 22 comprises alumina graphite.
  • the dimensions of the stopper body 22 will be determined by the specific application in which it is used. For example, a typical steel making application will require a stopper rod 20 having a length of approximately 300 mm to 2500 mm, and a total diameter of approximately 20 mm to 300 mm. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the dimensions of the stopper rod 20 may vary to meet the specific requirements of the desired application and may depend upon the diameter of the tundish nozzle.
  • the distal end 26 of the stopper rod 20 is substantially rounded in shape.
  • the rounded end 28 is sized and shaped to mate with the orifice at the bottom of the tundish such that, when the stopper rod 20 is lowered, the rounded end 28 of the stopper rod 20 forms a seal with the orifice sufficient to substantially prevent the flow of molten metal out of the tundish.
  • the rounded end 28 of the stopper rod 20 will generally comprise the same material as the rest of the stopper body 22, but can also comprise other materials generally known in the art, depending on the operating conditions.
  • the proximal end 24 of the stopper rod 20 includes means 27 for attaching the stopper rod 20 to a mechanism suitable for raising and lowering the stopper rod 20.
  • the means for attachment 27 may include, for example, a ceramic or metal nut, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,946,083 to Fishier, et al. and 5,851,414 to Ando, et al., the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the means for attachment 27 also include a bore therethrough. The bore may provide space for a thermocouple and thermocouple wiring to pass through
  • the stopper rod 20 further comprises an axial channel 32 formed within the body 22 of the stopper rod 20.
  • the axial channel 32 is disposed along the center axis of the stopper rod 20.
  • the axial channel 32 may also be disposed slightly off-center.
  • the axial channel 32 is defined by an interior wall 34 of the body 22 of the stopper rod 20.
  • the stopper rod 20 further comprises an insert 36 disposed within the axial channel 32 of the stopper rod 20.
  • the insert 36 is sized and shaped so as to fit within the axial channel 32.
  • the insert 36 may contain at least one bore therethough to accommodate the thermocouple 30.
  • the bore to accommodate the thermocouple 30 need not pass entirely through the insert 36.
  • thermocouple 30 will sit within the bore, and will be held in place by the insert 36.
  • the insert 36 comprises a material having a relatively high thermal conductivity.
  • the insert 36 may comprise graphite, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, magnesia graphite or alumina graphite, as well as other materials having similar thermal properties.
  • the insert 36 comprises graphite. In this way, the rate of heat transfer from the molten metal outside of the stopper rod 20, through the stopper rod 20, including the insert 36, to the thermocouple 30 is high when compared to the heat flow to a thermocouple disposed in the same location of a stopper rod made entirely of a low thermal conductivity material.
  • the insert 36 may be held in place within the axial channel 32 through the use of an adhesive material disposed between the interior wall 34 of the stopper rod 20 and the insert 36.
  • Acceptable adhesive materials include refractory mortars such as alumina, magnesia, zirconia, calcium oxide or silica.
  • the insert 36 may be sized and shaped to fit snugly within the axial channel 32. Further, if materials such as graphite, alumina graphite or magnesia graphite are used in the insert 36, the insert 36 will expand when the stopper rod 20 is heated, thereby impinging itself upon the interior wall 34 of the stopper rod 20. In this way, the frictional forces between the insert 36 and the interior wall 34 of the stopper rod 20 will hold the insert 36 in place.
  • the body 22 and the insert 36 may be made of the same high thermal conductivity material.
  • the high thermal conductivity material is preferably alumina graphite or magnesia graphite.
  • the insert 36 may be located anywhere along the length of the axial chamber 32 within the body 22 of the stopper rod 20. However, it is preferably located between the longitudinal mid-point of the stopper rod 20, and the end 39 of the axial chamber 32 within the body 22 of the stopper rod 20.
  • FIG. 3 Attention is now drawn to an alternate embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3. it is noted that the reference numerals utilized in FIG. 2 will continue to indicate the same relative components in the figures for alternate embodiments, but increased by increments of 100.
  • a means for supplying gas 140 from approximately the proximal end 124 of the body 122 to approximately the distal end 126 of the body 122 is provided.
  • the inert gas is used to prevent slag build up around the rounded end 128 of the stopper rod 120, as described above.
  • the means for supplying gas 140 may include any means known to those in that art that will deliver gas from an outside source to approximately the distal end 126 of the stopper rod 120.
  • suitable means include a supply pipe that runs approximately the length of the stopper rod and through the insert 136 (not shown), or a supply pipe that provides pressurized gas to the axial channel 132 in combination with a supply pipe 142 that passes through the insert 136 to supply the gas to the axial chamber at a point 144 below the insert 136, thereby supplying gas to the distal end 126, while at the same time, shielding the sensing tip 146 of the thermocouple 130 from the flow of the inert gas.
  • the rounded end 128 must also includes a means for allowing the inert gas to flow out of the stopper rod 120.
  • the means for allowing the inert gas to pass out of the stopper rod 120 may include a porous material used as the material for the rounded end 128.
  • the porous material may comprise any material or configuration known in the art.
  • the porous section may also comprise a section of porous material such as alumina, magnesia or zirconia.
  • the inert gas simply flows through the natural passages formed in the material.
  • alumina is used as the porous material.
  • the means for allowing the inert gas to pass out of the stopper rod 120 may comprise at least one aperture or calibrated hole 148 in the rounded end 128 through which the inert gas may flow. Multiple apertures or holes 148 may be utilized to allow the inert gas to pass out of the stopper rod 120.
  • a void is formed within the body 222 to accommodate an inert gas supply pipe 250 that serves as the means for supplying gas.
  • the supply pipe 250 provides the inert gas to the axial channel 232 at a location 244 beneath the insert 236.
  • the amount of processing needed to form the insert 236 is minimized, as a second bore within the insert 236 is not necessary.
  • the inert gas when the inert gas is supplied to the axial channel 232 at a location 244 beneath the insert 236, the inert gas may then flow through means 248 for allowing the inert gas to pass out of the stopper rod 220 located in the rounded end 228 of the stopper rod 220.
  • the interior wall 334 of the stopper rod 320 protrudes out into the axial channel 332.
  • the protrusion forms a shelf or a ledge 360 that is used to support the insert 336 and prevent it from moving further down the axial channel 332.
  • the ledge 360 may be used in addition to an adhesive material, as described above, to keep the insert 336 in place.
  • the ledge 360 may be used in lieu of the adhesive material.
  • an insert within the axial chamber is not used. Instead, the thermocouple simply sits within the axial chamber.
  • the means for supplying gas from approximately the proximal end of the body to approximately the distal end of the body is still provided.
  • it is still desirable to shield the thermocouple from the flow of inert gas. Therefore, the use of a supply pipe is the preferable means for supplying gas from approximately the proximal end of the body to approximately the distal end of the body.
  • the supply pipe may bypass most of the axial chamber, as done in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the proximal end of the stopper rod includes means for attaching the stopper rod to the mechanism.
  • the means for attachment may include, for example, a ceramic or metal nut, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,946,083 to Fishier, et al. and 5,851 ,414 to Ando, et al., the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the means for attachment also include several bores therethrough. The bores may provide space for thermocouple wiring to pass through, or space for an inert gas supply pipe to pass through. The inert gas supply pipe is used to transfer the inert gas to the rounded end of the stopper rod.
  • the supply pipe may enter the stopper rod though one of the side walls of the cylindrical body at a position that is close to the proximal end of the stopper rod.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une quenouille(20) comprenant un corps (22) présentant une extrémité distale (28) conçue pour être couplée à un orifice de coulée, et une paroi interne (34) définissant un canal axial (32) à l'intérieur du corps (22). La quenouille (20) comprend, de plus, un insert (36) disposé à l'intérieur du canal axial (32) et un dispositif de mesure (30) de la température disposé à l'intérieur de l'insert (36).
PCT/US2004/042405 2003-12-16 2004-12-16 Quenouille permettant de mesurer la temperature Ceased WO2005059185A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US52983703P 2003-12-16 2003-12-16
US60/529,837 2003-12-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005059185A1 true WO2005059185A1 (fr) 2005-06-30

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PCT/US2004/042405 Ceased WO2005059185A1 (fr) 2003-12-16 2004-12-16 Quenouille permettant de mesurer la temperature

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006136285A3 (fr) * 2005-06-21 2007-03-15 Refractory Intellectual Prop Bouchon de fermeture pour cuve de fusion métallurgique
EP2338621A1 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-29 SMS Concast AG Bouchons pour une fermeture à bouchon dans un récipient métallurgique
WO2015104241A1 (fr) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-16 Vesuvius Group, Sa Pyromètre optique
WO2018108789A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 Vesuvius Group, S.A. Bouchon équipé d'un dispositif de détection de scories intégré
CN108817369A (zh) * 2018-09-04 2018-11-16 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 一种多功能塞棒
CN109773172A (zh) * 2019-03-16 2019-05-21 赵芬 用于高温熔融金属连续测温与控制钢流大小的新型装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364745A (en) * 1966-02-16 1968-01-23 Gen Dynamics Corp Apparatus and method of measuring molten metal temperature
US5827474A (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-10-27 Vesuvius Crucible Company Apparatus and method for measuring the depth of molten steel and slag

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364745A (en) * 1966-02-16 1968-01-23 Gen Dynamics Corp Apparatus and method of measuring molten metal temperature
US5827474A (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-10-27 Vesuvius Crucible Company Apparatus and method for measuring the depth of molten steel and slag

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006136285A3 (fr) * 2005-06-21 2007-03-15 Refractory Intellectual Prop Bouchon de fermeture pour cuve de fusion métallurgique
US7910050B2 (en) 2005-06-21 2011-03-22 Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg Stopper for a metallurgical melting pot
EP2338621A1 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-29 SMS Concast AG Bouchons pour une fermeture à bouchon dans un récipient métallurgique
WO2015104241A1 (fr) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-16 Vesuvius Group, Sa Pyromètre optique
US10126174B2 (en) 2014-01-08 2018-11-13 Vesuvius Group, S.A. Optical pyrometer
WO2018108789A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 Vesuvius Group, S.A. Bouchon équipé d'un dispositif de détection de scories intégré
WO2018108788A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 Vesuvius Group, S.A. Tampon de quenouille équipé d'un dispositif de mesure de température intégré
CN108817369A (zh) * 2018-09-04 2018-11-16 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 一种多功能塞棒
CN109773172A (zh) * 2019-03-16 2019-05-21 赵芬 用于高温熔融金属连续测温与控制钢流大小的新型装置

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