WO2005054511A1 - 遺伝子破壊株を用いた化学物質検定方法 - Google Patents
遺伝子破壊株を用いた化学物質検定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005054511A1 WO2005054511A1 PCT/JP2004/017779 JP2004017779W WO2005054511A1 WO 2005054511 A1 WO2005054511 A1 WO 2005054511A1 JP 2004017779 W JP2004017779 W JP 2004017779W WO 2005054511 A1 WO2005054511 A1 WO 2005054511A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/025—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
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- the present invention relates to a method for assaying a chemical substance present in a sample in the environment.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 There is an Atsushi system that utilizes the toxic response of yeast cells to detect chemicals present in the environment.
- Patent document l WO 03/018792
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2003-061676
- the present inventors have developed a bioassay method that accumulates genetic information induced by a chemical substance and uses the toxic response of yeast cells as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above. Have been considering.
- the sensitivity of a bioassay to detect a chemical depends on the sensitivity of the cell or organism to the chemical as an indicator. Therefore, in order to construct a system with higher sensitivity in the bioassay method using the toxic response of yeast cells, it is necessary to use more sensitive yeast cells.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a more sensitive bioassay method utilizing a toxic response of a microorganism.
- the present invention provides:
- a method for testing whether or not a chemical substance is present in a test sample comprising culturing a gene-disrupted strain of a microorganism in the presence of the test sample and disrupting the gene for the chemical substance
- a method wherein the cellular response of the gene-disrupted strain to a chemical is cell viability and alteration of Z or proliferative capacity, respiratory volume, enzyme activity and Z or gene expression, and more preferably,
- a method in which the change in gene expression is a change in RNA amount or mRNA amount, more preferably a method in which the change in gene expression is measured by a reporter 'Gene'
- Metabolism (01) of amino acid metabolism (01.01), nitrogen and sulfur metabolism (01.02), nucleotide metabolism (01.03), phosphate metabolism (01.04), metabolism of carbohydrates and carbohydrates (01.05), lipids, fatty acids and Metabolism of isopropanoid metabolism (01.06), metabolism of vitamins, cofactors and prosthetic groups (01.07);
- Protein targeting (06), protein targeting, translocation (06.04), protein modification (06.07), assembly of protein complexes (06.10), proteolytic breakdown (06.13);
- Intracellular transport and transport mechanism (08) Nuclear transport (08.01), vesicle transport (Golgi network etc.) (
- vacuolar transport 8.13
- cell import 8.19
- cytoskeletal transport 8.22
- other intracellular transport activities 8.99
- Transport enhancer (67) ion transporter (67.04), vitamin / cofactor transporter (67.21), transport mechanism (67.50), other transport enhancer (67.99);
- the disrupted gene is involved in vacuoles, for example, in the case of yeast, specifically, YPR036W, YDR027C, YHR026W, YHR039C-A, YKL080W, YLR447C, YGR105W, YKL119C, YHR060W (where YHR039C-A is sometimes referred to as YHR039C-B),
- the method wherein the genes to be disrupted are:
- microorganism is a microorganism other than yeast and the disrupted gene is a gene corresponding to the gene defined in (2).
- kits wherein the cellular response to the chemical is viability of the cell, and changes in Z or proliferative capacity, respiratory volume, enzyme activity and Z or gene expression, more preferably,
- a kit in which the change in gene expression is a change in the amount of RNA or mRNA, more preferably a kit for measuring the change in gene expression using a reporter 'Gene'
- the microorganism is yeast, and the disrupted gene is the kit defined in (4) above, and the disrupted gene is a microorganism other than yeast, and the disrupted gene is defined in (2) above.
- the kit according to (4) above which is a gene corresponding to the specified gene;
- composition wherein the cellular response to the chemical is viability of the cell and a change in Z or proliferative capacity, respiratory volume, enzyme activity and Z or gene expression, more preferably,
- a composition wherein the change in gene expression is a change in the amount of RNA or the amount of mRNA, more preferably a composition in which the change in gene expression is measured by a reporter 'Gene'
- the microorganism is yeast, and the gene to be disrupted is the composition of (6) above, and the microorganism to be disrupted is a microorganism other than yeast as defined in (2) above.
- the cellular response to the chemical is a change in cell viability and death and Z or proliferative capacity, respiratory volume, enzyme activity and Z or gene expression, more preferably
- the change in gene expression is a change in RNA amount or mRNA amount, more preferably use in which the change in gene expression is measured by a reporter gene's assay.
- the microorganism is yeast, and the disrupted gene is defined in (2) above, the use of (8) above, and the microorganism is a yeast other than yeast, and the disrupted gene is defined in (2) above.
- the present invention is a highly sensitive Atsey system that can suitably detect a chemical substance even when only a low concentration of the chemical substance is present in the test sample. Since the Atsey system of the present invention has high sensitivity, it is not necessary or necessary to concentrate the test sample, so that even if the target chemical is volatile, the chemical can be suitably detected. .
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing sensitivity to sodium meta arsenite in a gene-disrupted strain DEL011 transformed with a plasmid P-YPL171C.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing sensitivity to sodium meta arsenite in gene disrupted strains DEL011, DEL014, and DELO16 transformed with plasmid p-YBR072W.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing susceptibility to cadmium chloride in gene-disrupted strains DEL002, DEL011, DELO16, DEL019 and DEL025 transformed with plasmid p-YBR072W.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the susceptibility of the gene-disrupted strains DELOOO, DEL019, DEL022 and DEL025 to the bencho curve transformed with the plasmid p-YBR072W.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the susceptibility of the gene-disrupted strains DEL011, DELO 16 and DEL025 transformed with plasmid p-YPL171C to mercuric chloride.
- FIG. 8 Gene-disrupted strains DEL007 and DE L022 transformed with plasmid P-YPL171C were 1Z1000 of non-disrupted strains of DEL006, DEL0018 and DEL019 at a concentration of 1ZlO, and DEL001 and DEL0020 were at a concentration of 1Z3.
- 3 is a graph showing the sensitivity to thiuram in FIG. All the gene-disrupted strains are homozygous diploids.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the sensitivity of a homozygous diploid and a heterozygous diploid of a gene-disrupted strain DEL006 transformed with a plasmid p-YPL171C to thiuram at a concentration of 1Z10 of a non-gene-disrupted strain.
- FIG. 10 Sensitivity to benchocarb at the concentration of 1/10 that of the non-gene-disrupted strains of DEL006, EL007 and DEL022, and DEL012, DEL013 and DEL020 of 1Z3 at the gene-disrupted strains transformed with plasmid p-YBR072W A graph showing. All the gene-disrupted strains are homozygous diploids.
- FIG. 11 Homozygous diploid of gene disrupted strain DEL0022 transformed with plasmid p-YBR072W is 1Z10 concentration of non-disrupted strain, and heterozygous diploid of gene disrupted strain DEL0022 is non-disrupted.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the sensitivity of a strain to a bencho curve at a 1Z3 concentration.
- yeast gene As an example.
- Yeast Deletion Homozygous Diploid (YKO Plate sets: Yeast Deletion Homozygous Diploid complete set, ResGen, Invitrogen) used as a yeast gene-disrupted strain 84 strains showing good sensitivity to chemicals from 4800 gene-disrupted strains (Example 1).
- the disrupted genes of these 84 strains were classified according to the classification of a public database: MIPS (Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences).
- MIPS Unich Information Center for Protein Sequences
- yeast genes are classified as shown in the following table.
- Tricarboxylic acid pathway (culinic acid cycle, t- crepes cycle, TCA cycle)
- Unclassified proteins 84 selected strains showing good sensitivity to chemicals were classified according to the above public database: MIPS classification.
- Delta 3-cis-delta 2-trans-o-no-Co A isomerase delta3-ci
- TFIIF subunit transcription screening factor
- 30 kD TFIIF subunit
- U5 snRNA-related protein U5 snRN
- CTD Carboxyl-terminal domain
- CTD 4 terminal domain
- RNA 3'-end forming protein Transcription RNA 3'-end forming protein: RNA 3 ⁇
- Iron-regulated transcription factor iron-regulat
- Late stimulator components component, destine
- Heavy chain of clathrin clathrin hea est ination
- DEL020 YKL119C protein H +-ATPase assembly prote in
- Inner membrane transport protein Putative
- KD Subunit H +-ATPase VIo domain 54 KD subunit ; vacuolar o O VP51-54 composite subunit, protein selection in late Golgi apparatus in yeast
- Kinesin-related tank kinesin-related tank
- Metal binding activator metal bindi Kakugaku poison DEL027 YMR021C 11.01
- Iron-regulated transcription repressor iron-regu
- Escherichia coli undecrypted gene Similar to: simila
- Transport promotion-Ion transporter-I (67.04) 4
- Transport promotion single-wheel transport mechanism (67.50) 4
- Unclassified protein (99) 4 When the same gene has overlapping functions, it was counted in duplicate. In particular, intracellular transport and transport mechanisms-vacuolar transport (08.13), intracellular environmental regulation Z interaction-ionic homeostasis (13.01), transport-promoting-one ion transporter (67.04), transport-promoting-transport regulation (67.50) Had many duplications.
- intracellular transport and transport mechanisms-vacuolar transport 8.13
- intracellular environmental regulation Z interaction-ionic homeostasis 13.01
- transport promoting one ion transporter 67.04
- transport promoting-transport mechanism 67.50
- microorganisms include, for example, animal cells derived from humans, mice and other mammals, and established strains of animal cells, cells of fish and nematodes, insect cells, and fungal cells of yeast and the like, which have been used in bioassays. And bacterial cells such as Escherichia coli. Then, if a gene-disrupted strain corresponding to the gene having the function found in the above yeast is prepared using a known database or the like by a known technique, it can be used for the method of the present invention.
- microorganisms may be sensitive or resistant to chemicals.
- the “gene disrupted strain” includes a haploid gene disrupted strain, a homozygous diploid gene disrupted strain, and a heterozygous diploid gene disrupted strain.
- yeast cells ⁇ -type cells and a-type cells, which are haploid, can join to form a diploid.
- a homozygous diploid gene-disrupted strain is a strain in which the genes disrupted by ⁇ and a are the same
- a heterozygous diploid gene-disrupted strain is a strain in which the genes disrupted by ⁇ or a are different
- a strain in which the gene is disrupted in only one of a and a is the gene to be disrupted is not limited to one gene, and a plurality of genes among the genes listed above may be disrupted.
- the present invention selects a gene-disrupted strain having improved sensitivity to a chemical substance and uses it for assaying the chemical substance.
- the presence of the chemical is tested using the cell response of the gene-disrupted strain to the chemical as an indicator.
- Cell response to chemicals is the life and death of cells, and
- the reporter 'Gene' Atssei is a method for measuring a specific gene activity as a marker for examining the function of a gene centering on transcriptional activity, and includes the promoter atssay method and the like.
- the promoter-assay method is a method in which a polynucleotide encoding a marker protein is operably linked to the polynucleotide sequence of a promoter of a certain gene, and the expression of the gene is indirectly measured (Barelle CJ, Manson CL, MacCallum DM, Odds F, Gow Na, Brown AJ .: GFP as a quantitative reporter of gene regulation in Candida albicans. Yeast 2004 Mar; 21 (4): 333-40).
- YPR036W YDL151C, YDR027C, YGL026C, YGR180C, YHR026W, YHR039C-A, YKL080W, YLR447C, YDR127W, YDR150W, YGL240W, YGR006W, YGR105W, YJR104C, YBL058W, YCR0C, YCR, YCR028C, YCR028C, YCR028C, YCR028C YLR285W, YLR311C, YML112W, YMR021C, YOR221C, YOR331C, YPR123C, YAL021C, YDL151C, YDR195W, YDR414C, YDR525W-A, YDR539W, YDR540C, YGL224C, YGL246C,
- a plasmid usable for the reporter gene's assay is described in WO03Z01872.
- a polynucleotide sequence comprising the promoter of the yeast gene described in WOO 3/01872
- a plasmid containing a polynucleotide operably linked to a polynucleotide encoding a marker protein is used.
- YHR026W 9 Methylmercury chloride Sodium arsenous acid. Nickel (II) chloride. Potassium dichromate. Tritin tin nitrochloride. Mercuric chloride. Lead chloride. D SO, Zinc chloride.
- YKL080W 9 Methylmercury chloride Sodium arsenite. Nickel (II) chloride. Triniculolai. Mercuric chloride. Lead chloride SDS DivlSO Zinc chloride.
- YJR104C 8 Sodium arsenite, potassium dichromate triflate chloride, mercuric chloride. SDS. DMSO, zinc chloride
- YCR028C 7 Methylmercury chloride Triznic chloride. Mercuric chloride. ⁇ Acid. SDS DMSO
- YDR149C 7 Methylmercury chloride Sodium arsenite, potassium dichromate. Mercuric chloride. Potassium chloride. Lead chloride.
- YML1 12W 7 Sodium arsenite, potassium dichromate. Fluorinus nichloride. Mercuric chloride.
- YPR1 23C 7 Methylmercury chloride Sodium arsenous acid. Nickel (II) chloride.
- YAL 021C 6 Sodium arsenite. Potassium dichromate. Tris chloride. Mercuric chloride. Copper sulphate Lead chloride.
- YDR525W-A 6S Black. Copper sulfate Zinc chloride
- YGL224C 6 Triffee chloride Chloride copper sulfate. Potassium chloride.
- YHR060W 6 Methylmercury chloride Trinic chloride. Mercuric chloride. Lead chloride Zinc chloride
- YLR290C 6 oz mercuric chloride, copper sulfate, lead chloride.
- Nickel (II) trinyltin chloride mercuric chloride chloride.
- YDR148C 5 Potassium dichromate Chlorai. Mercuric chloride. Copper sulfate. Lead chloride.
- YJL1 92C 5 Black mercuric chloride Copper sulfate Lead chloride.
- Triflate tin ride Mercuric chloride Chloride iti
- YLR266C 5 Trifrenyltin chloride. Mercuric chloride. Copper sulfate.
- YPL030W 5 Trif Niltin Nichloride Copper Sulfate. Potassium Cyanide.
- the kit of the present invention includes a dried product of the above-described gene-disrupted strain, for example, a lyophilized product, a container containing an L-dried product or a frozen product, a culture medium, and the like.
- the culture medium a medium having a composition suitable for the gene-disrupted strain used is used.
- the present invention provides a composition for testing whether or not a chemical substance is present in a test sample, the composition comprising a gene-disrupted strain of a microorganism.
- the composition of the present invention is a culture medium containing the gene-disrupted strain.
- Yeast Deletion Homozygous Diploid As a yeast gene-disrupted strain, Yeast Deletion Homozygous Diploid (YKO Plate sets: Yeast Deletion Homozygous Diploid complete set, ResGen, Invitrogen) was used. The parent strain of this disrupted strain is Saccharomyces crevisiae BY4743. Yeast gene disruption From the 6,000 strains, select multiple disrupted strains that can be sensitive to chemicals. Some gene-disrupted strains cannot grow if they are deficient depending on the type of gene. Therefore, in this experiment, about 4800 gene-disrupted strains capable of growing as Homozygous diploids (homozygous diploids) were selected.
- YKO Plate sets Yeast Deletion Homozygous Diploid complete set, ResGen, Invitrogen
- the cryopreserved gene-disrupted strain was grown in a YPD medium (yeast extract 1%, polypeptone 2%, dulose 2%) with shaking at 25 ° C to a steady state.
- the cells in the steady state were diluted 10000-fold with the same medium, and added dropwise to a chemical-containing agar medium (chemical plate) in 1.5 L portions, and after 3 days, the formation of colonies was observed.
- Chemical plates were prepared by adding chemicals to YPD agar medium (yeast extract 1%, polypeptone 2%, glucose 2%, agar 2%) so that the final concentration was as shown in Table 5.
- genes such as an increase in the permeability of a chemical substance due to deletion of a gene of a cell membrane constituent or response to a low concentration of a chemical substance due to deletion of a gene related to detoxification
- gene-disrupted strains as strains exhibiting different properties, considering that the sensitivity may be improved for various reasons.
- Chemical substances S How organisms damage organisms and how organisms respond has not been exhaustively analyzed. Therefore, by conducting experiments to select gene-disrupted strains that are sensitive to many types of chemicals, the gene-disrupted strain may be used as an indicator organism
- Yeast cells have about 6000 genes, and most of them have already been deleted and gene-strained strains have been prepared and marketed.
- the gene-disrupted strain may have a very low growth rate or a different medium component capable of growing. Therefore, in this experiment for examining the host cells of the promoter atsay method, considering the ease of comparison with the control experiment, among the gene-disrupted strains obtained as a result of Several strains which were sensitive and grew by the same operation as the parent strain were selected.
- the eight gene-disrupted strains selected were DELOOO, DEL002, DELO11, DEL014, DEL016, DEL019, DEL022, and DEL025 shown in Table 7.
- the parent strain BY4743 was used as a control.
- Combinent cells were prepared for the parent strain of the gene-disrupted strain and the selected gene-disrupted strain, respectively.
- p-YBR072W ligating GFP downstream of the YBR072W promoter
- p-YPL171C ligating GFP downstream of the YPL171C promoter
- YPL171C is a gene encoding NAPDH dehydrogenase
- YBR072W is a gene encoding a heat shock protein, all of which show responses to multiple types of chemicals when the promoter is assayed.
- P-YBR072W was prepared by the following method.
- Primers for amplifying a polynucleotide containing a promoter sequence of the yeast gene YBR072W (SCPD: The Promoter Database of baccnaromyces cerevisiae [medium 1]) by PCR [medium number 1] were prepared. Primers are designed using Oligo 4.0-S, Sequencherl Macintosh version of the primer design software, and the base sequence of the upper primer is
- GCAGTCAACGAGGAGCGAATCAG SEQ ID NO: 2
- PCR uses yeast chromosomes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C, Cat. 40802, Research Genetics, In) as a template, and reagents are commercially available kits (KOD DNA
- the vector used is a YEp-type shuttle vector that is replicated in both E. coli and yeast.
- PYES2 pYES2, Cat no: V825—20, Invitrogen Corporation, USA
- the GFP portion (SEQ ID NO: 4) of the vector pQBI63 (Cat no. 54-0082, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used.
- a vector was prepared in which a GFP polynucleotide was inserted into the multiple cloning site of pYES2.
- the GAL1 promoter portion of pYES2 was replaced with a polynucleotide containing the promoter sequence of YBR072W, a yeast gene, to obtain a target plasmid vector. Insertion of a polynucleotide containing GFP and a promoter sequence was performed by selecting appropriate restriction enzymes.
- yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4743 (YKO Plate sets: Yeast Deletion Homozygous Diploid complete set, ResGen, Invitrogen) was transformed with this plasmid vector. The procedure of the transformation is shown below. 1) Yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4743 is shake-cultured in 200 ml of YPD medium until the OD660 becomes 0.5.
- Transformation was confirmed using a selective medium (SD medium (Yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (Difco 0919-15) + glucose + amino acids (histidine, leucine). Colonies grown on agar plates in the selective medium). Further confirmed the auxotrophy of amino acids.
- SD medium yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (Difco 0919-15) + glucose + amino acids (histidine, leucine). Colonies grown on agar plates in the selective medium). Further confirmed the auxotrophy of amino acids.
- P-YPL171C was prepared as follows.
- Primers for amplifying a polynucleotide containing a promoter sequence of the yeast gene YPL171C (SCPD: The Promoter Database of baccnaromyces cerevisiae [ ⁇ ]) (item 5) from PCR were prepared. Primers are designed using Oligo 4.0-S, Sequencherl Macintosh version of the primer design software, and the base sequence of the upper primer is
- ACGCCCCTTCCTTTTTCCCTTTC (; SEQ ID NO: 6;)
- CTTCTAAATTTAAACTTCGCTA (SEQ ID NO: 7)
- PCR used a yeast chromosome (Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C, Cat. 40802, Research Genetics, In) as a template, and used a commercially available kit (KOD DNA Polymerase; code KOD-101, Toyobo) as a reagent.
- yeast chromosome Sacharomyces cerevisiae S288C, Cat. 40802, Research Genetics, In
- KOD DNA Polymerase code KOD-101, Toyobo
- the vector used is a YEp-type shuttle vector that is replicated in both E. coli and yeast.
- PYES2 pYES2, Cat no: V825—20, Invitrogen Corporation, USA
- the polynucleotide encoding the marker protein GFP the GFP portion (SEQ ID NO: 4) of the vector pQBI63 (Cat no. 54-0082, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used.
- a vector was prepared in which a GFP polynucleotide was inserted into the multiple cloning site of pYES2.
- the GAL1 promoter portion of pYES2 was replaced with a polynucleotide containing the promoter sequence of YPL171C, a yeast gene, to obtain a target plasmid vector. Insertion of a polynucleotide containing GFP and a promoter sequence was performed by selecting appropriate restriction enzymes.
- yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4743 (YKO Plate sets: Yeast Deletion Homozygous Diploid complete set, ResGen, Invitrogen) was transformed with this plasmid vector.
- the procedure of the transformation is shown below.
- Transformation was confirmed using a selective medium (SD medium (Yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (Difco 0919-15) + glucose + amino acids (histidine, leucine). Colonies grown on agar plates in the selective medium). Further confirmed the auxotrophy of amino acids.
- SD medium yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (Difco 0919-15) + glucose + amino acids (histidine, leucine). Colonies grown on agar plates in the selective medium). Further confirmed the auxotrophy of amino acids.
- the obtained transformant was grown in a SD medium (histidine, leucine) at 25 ° C. with shaking so as to be in a steady state.
- the transformant in the steady state was diluted 500-fold with the same medium described above, and cultured with shaking at 25 ° C for 15 hours.
- Different concentrations of chemicals were loaded.
- the fluorescence of the cells cultured for 4 hours was measured using a flow cytometer (FITC filter 1, EPICS XL-MCL, Bechmancoulter), and the expression level of a marker gene, GFP (green fluorescence protein) was determined.
- the fluorescence intensity of 10,000 cells was measured in one measurement using a flow cytometer, and the average value of the fluorescence intensity of all cells was determined and used as the measured value. Similarly, the fluorescence intensity of the cells not loaded with the daniel substance was determined and expressed as a fluorescence intensity ratio.
- Figure 2 shows that the gene disrupted strain DEL011 responded to sodium meta arsenite at 1/10 the concentration of the parent strain, the gene disrupted strain DEL014, the concentration of S1Z3000, and the gene disrupted strain DEL016 at the concentration of 1Z3. .
- Figure 3 shows that the gene-disrupted strain DEL002 is 1/3 of the parent strain, the gene-disrupted strain DEL011 is 1Z3, the DEL016 is 1Z3, the DEL019025 is 1/3, and the gene-disrupted strain DEL is 1Z3. This indicates that he responded to cadmium.
- FIG 4 shows that the gene-disrupted strain DEL000 responded to the concentration of 1/3 of the parent strain, the gene-disrupted strain DEL019 responded to the concentration of 1Z100, the DEL022 to the concentration of 1Z10, and the gene-disrupted strain DEL025 to the concentration of 1/3. Show that.
- FIG. 5 shows that the gene-disrupted strain DEL011 responded to mercury salt 2 at a concentration 1/10 that of the parent strain and the concentration of the gene-disrupted strain DEL016 S1Z3.
- DEL000, DEL002, DEL011, DEL014, DEL016, DEL019, DEL022 and DEL025 are three times more responsive to chemicals than the parent strain BY4743.
- the force was also confirmed to be 1000 times higher.
- DEL0014 showed a significant difference compared to BY4743 even at 1 / 1000th of the detectable concentration of the parent strain (Fig. 2).
- YGR006W (DELO12), YGR105W (DRLO13), YJR104C (DELO14), YGL206C (DEL018), YIL036W (DELO19), YKL119C (DEL020), YLR226W (DEL022), YLR311C (DEL025) was replaced with the transformation marker.
- the N-terminal side (ORF (upper)) and the C-terminal side (ORF (lower)) of each ORF were used as primers for PCR amplification.
- the length of the homologous sequence (ORF (upper) and ORF (lower)) of the primer to the ORF was 45 or 50 bp.
- the strain that produces the yeast gene-disrupted strain is W303a-conjugated ATCC200903 (MATa ade2-1 trpl-1 leu2-3 leu2- 112 his3- 11 his3- 15 ura3- 1 canl-100) and W303 ⁇ -junction ATCC201238 (MAT a ade2-1 trpl-1 leu2- 3 leu2- 112 his3- 11 his3- 15 ura3 -1 canl-100).
- W303a-conjugated and W303 ⁇ -conjugated competent 'cells were prepared and transformed with the gene-disrupted strain transformation cassette prepared above. Use a commercially available kit (S. easyComp TM Transformation Kit: Invitrogen) for preparing and transforming the competent cells! /, 7
- Transformation was confirmed by PCR.
- PCR was performed by setting the upper primer in the promoter region of the target gene and the lower primer in the transformation marker. As a result, it was confirmed that if the ORF site was replaced with a transformation marker and the gene was disrupted, the site sandwiched by the primers was amplified, and the gene was disrupted and the gene was not amplified.
- a / a type diploids By mixing and culturing Saccharomyces crevisiae a and ⁇ mating type monophasic bodies, a / a type diploids can be produced.
- heterozygous diploids in which DEL006, DEL014 and DEL022 and non-gene disrupted strains are conjugated hereinafter referred to as DEL006 heterozygous diploid, DEL014 heterozygous diploid, DEL022 heterozygous diploid
- DEL006 heterozygous diploid DEL014 heterozygous diploid
- DEL022 heterozygous diploid DEL022 heterozygous diploid
- a heterozygous diploid in which DEL000 and DEL014 were conjugated hereinafter referred to as a DEL000Z014 heterozygous diploid
- the resulting combi- ent cells were ligated to two types of plasmids for the promoter assembly, p-YBR072W (GFP was ligated downstream of the YBR072W promoter) and P-YPL171C (GFP was ligated downstream of the YPL171C promoter.
- p-YBR072W was ligated downstream of the YBR072W promoter
- P-YPL171C GFP was ligated downstream of the YPL171C promoter.
- P-YBR072W was prepared by the following method.
- a polynucleotide containing the promoter sequence of the yeast gene YBR072W (SCPD: The Promoter Database of baccharomyces cerevisiaei trowel ⁇ r ⁇ (rooster c stem [J number ⁇ ]). Designed using Oligo 4.0-S, Sequencherl Macintosh version of the primer design software, the base sequence of the upper primer is
- GCAGTCAACGAGGAGCGAATCAG SEQ ID NO: 2
- PCR uses yeast chromosomes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C, Cat. 40802, Research Genetics, In) as a template, and reagents are commercially available kits (KOD DNA
- the vector used is a YEp-type shuttle vector that is replicated in both E. coli and yeast.
- PYES2 pYES2, Cat no: V825—20, Invitrogen Corporation, USA
- the GFP portion (SEQ ID NO: 4) of the vector pQBI63 (Cat no. 54-0082, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used.
- a vector was prepared in which a GFP polynucleotide was inserted into the multiple cloning site of pYES2.
- GAL1 promoter portion of pYES2 was replaced with a polynucleotide containing the promoter sequence of YBR072W, a yeast gene, to obtain a target plasmid vector.
- Polynucleotide containing GFP and promoter sequence was performed by selecting an appropriate restriction enzyme.
- the transformation was confirmed using a selective medium (SD medium (Yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (Difco 0919-15) + glucose + amino acids (adenine, histidine, tryptophan, mouth isine)).
- SD medium yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (Difco 0919-15) + glucose + amino acids (adenine, histidine, tryptophan, mouth isine)
- the colonies that were identified further confirmed the nutritional requirements of the amino acids.
- P-YPL171C was prepared as follows.
- a polynucleotide containing the promoter sequence of the yeast gene YPL171C (SCPD: The Promoter Database of saccharomyces cerevisiaei trowel ⁇ r ⁇ (rooster c system [J number ⁇ ]). Designed using Oligo 4.0-S, Sequencherl Macintosh version, which is a primer design software, and the base sequence of the upper primer is
- ACGCCCCTTCCTTTTTCCCTTTC (; SEQ ID NO: 6;)
- CTTCTAAATTTAAACTTCGCTA (SEQ ID NO: 7)
- yeast chromosomes Sacharomyces cerevisiae S288C, Cat. 40802, Research Genetics, In
- reagents are commercially available kits (KOD DNA Polymerase; code KOD-101, Toyobo) was used.
- the vector used is a YEp-type shuttle vector that is replicated in both E. coli and yeast.
- PYES2 pYES2, Cat no: V825—20, Invitrogen Corporation, USA
- the GFP portion (SEQ ID NO: 4) of the vector pQBI63 (Cat no. 54-0082, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was used.
- a vector was prepared in which a GFP polynucleotide was inserted into the multiple cloning site of pYES2.
- the GAL1 promoter portion of pYES2 was replaced with a polynucleotide containing the promoter sequence of YPL171C, a yeast gene, to obtain a target plasmid vector. Insertion of a polynucleotide containing a GFP and a promoter sequence was performed by selecting an appropriate restriction enzyme.
- the transformation was confirmed using a selective medium (SD medium (Yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (Difco 0919-15) + glucose + amino acids (adenine, histidine, tryptophan, mouth isine)).
- SD medium yeast nitrogen base without amino acids (Difco 0919-15) + glucose + amino acids (adenine, histidine, tryptophan, mouth isine)
- the colonies that were identified further confirmed the nutritional requirements of the amino acids.
- the fluorescence intensity of 10,000 cells was measured in one measurement using a flow cytometer, and the average value of the fluorescence intensities of all the cells was obtained as the measured value. Similarly, the fluorescence intensity of the cells was obtained without loading the measured chemical substance, and the result was shown as a difference in the fluorescence intensity.
- the chemical substances to be loaded were selected from sodium meta arsenite and thiuram, which respond when W303 was used as a host in the promoter assay using the plasmid p-YPL171C, and a benchy curve from P-YBR072W.
- Figures 6 to 11 show the results of a load test performed by preparing a dilution series of chemical substances.
- DEL003, DEL006, DEL008, DEL014, DEL019 and DEL022 showed the same or higher fluorescence intensity than the non-gene-disrupted strain at the same concentration of chemical substance. All the gene-disrupted strains are homozygous diploids.
- FIG. 8 DEL001, DEL006, DEL007, DEL018, DEL019, DEL020, DEL02 2 and DEL025 showed the same or higher fluorescence intensity than the non-disrupted strain at the same concentration of the chemical substance. All the gene-disrupted strains are homozygous diploids.
- FIG. 10 DEL006, DEL007, DEL012, DEL013, DEL020, DEL022 and DELO
- No. 25 showed the same or higher fluorescence intensity than the non-gene-disrupted strain at the same concentration of the chemical substance. All the gene-disrupted strains are homozygous diploids.
- Fig. 11 Fluorescent intensity was higher than that of the non-gene-disrupted strain at the same concentration of chemical substance.
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Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005515926A JP4379419B2 (ja) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-11-30 | 遺伝子破壊株を用いた化学物質検定方法 |
| DE602004027157T DE602004027157D1 (de) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-11-30 | Verfahren zur untersuchung einer chemikalie unter verwendung eines stamms mit unterbrochenem gen |
| US10/581,085 US8173387B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-11-30 | Method of examining chemical using gene-disrupted strain |
| EP04819823A EP1693465B1 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-11-30 | Method of examining chemical using gene-disrupted strain |
| AT04819823T ATE467687T1 (de) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-11-30 | Verfahren zur untersuchung einer chemikalie unter verwendung eines stamms mit unterbrochenem gen |
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| JP2003403350 | 2003-12-02 | ||
| JP2003-403350 | 2003-12-02 |
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| EP (1) | EP1693465B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4379419B2 (ja) |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001095596A (ja) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-04-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 有害物質の検出方法 |
| JP2001238694A (ja) * | 2000-02-28 | 2001-09-04 | Natl Inst Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology Meti | 化学物質の微生物学的同定方法 |
| JP2001286281A (ja) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-16 | Natl Inst Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology Meti | 化学物質の毒性評価方法及び同定方法 |
| WO2003018791A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-06 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Method of detecting toxic substance |
| WO2003018792A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-06 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Method of detecting toxic substance |
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| ATE191236T1 (de) * | 1993-01-29 | 2000-04-15 | American Cyanamid Co | Biologische prüfungen zur feststellung von herbiziden |
| WO2000058457A2 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-05 | Rosetta Inpharmatics, Inc. | Essential genes of yeast as targets for antifungal agents, herbicides, insecticides and anti-proliferation drugs |
| US6562595B2 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2003-05-13 | Mcgill University | Dominant selectable marker for gene transformation and disruption in yeasts |
| US20030180953A1 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2003-09-25 | Elitra Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Gene disruption methodologies for drug target discovery |
| AU2002355155A1 (en) | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-17 | Affinium Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Methods for gene disruption and uses thereof |
-
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- 2004-11-30 AT AT04819823T patent/ATE467687T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-11-30 US US10/581,085 patent/US8173387B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-30 WO PCT/JP2004/017779 patent/WO2005054511A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2004-11-30 DE DE602004027157T patent/DE602004027157D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001095596A (ja) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-04-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 有害物質の検出方法 |
| JP2001238694A (ja) * | 2000-02-28 | 2001-09-04 | Natl Inst Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology Meti | 化学物質の微生物学的同定方法 |
| JP2001286281A (ja) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-16 | Natl Inst Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology Meti | 化学物質の毒性評価方法及び同定方法 |
| WO2003018791A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-06 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Method of detecting toxic substance |
| WO2003018792A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-06 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Method of detecting toxic substance |
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| HOSONO K. ET AL: "Seitai no Kankyo Osen Busshitsu Oto Hanno o Mochiita Kankyo Osen Hyoka System no Kaihatsu ni Kansuru Kenkyu", ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH IN JAPAN, vol. 1998, no. 2, 1999, pages 67.1 - 67.11, XP002990249 * |
| HOSONO K. ET AL: "Seitai no Kankyo Osen Busshitsu Oto Hanno o Mochiita Kankyo Osen Hyoka System no Kaihatsu", ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH IN JAPAN, vol. 2000, no. 2, 2000, pages 65.1 - 65.11, XP002990250 * |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE467687T1 (de) | 2010-05-15 |
| EP1693465B1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
| EP1693465A4 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
| JPWO2005054511A1 (ja) | 2007-12-06 |
| EP1693465A1 (en) | 2006-08-23 |
| US8173387B2 (en) | 2012-05-08 |
| JP4379419B2 (ja) | 2009-12-09 |
| DE602004027157D1 (de) | 2010-06-24 |
| US20090246755A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
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