WO2005054415A1 - リン脂質と長鎖高度不飽和脂肪酸供給化合物とを含有する油脂組成物、およびこれを用いた食品 - Google Patents
リン脂質と長鎖高度不飽和脂肪酸供給化合物とを含有する油脂組成物、およびこれを用いた食品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005054415A1 WO2005054415A1 PCT/JP2004/017915 JP2004017915W WO2005054415A1 WO 2005054415 A1 WO2005054415 A1 WO 2005054415A1 JP 2004017915 W JP2004017915 W JP 2004017915W WO 2005054415 A1 WO2005054415 A1 WO 2005054415A1
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- lcpufa
- oil
- phospholipid
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- fat
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
- A23D9/007—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
- A23D9/013—Other fatty acid esters, e.g. phosphatides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J7/00—Phosphatide compositions for foodstuffs, e.g. lecithin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
- A23L33/12—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof
Definitions
- the present invention provides an oil / fat composition containing a phospholipid and a compound that supplies a long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acid.
- Phospholipids have been conventionally used in various fields. Specifically, for example, as a technology for a composition or processed food containing a phospholipid, first, a phospholipid composition containing a phospholipid, a carotenoid, and tocophenol, and a fat / oil composition containing triglyceride added thereto. (See Patent Document 1). The purpose of this technique is to further enhance the antioxidant action when utilizing the antioxidant action of phospholipids.
- a composition comprising an LCPUFA-containing fat and oil and a yolk lipid containing a phospholipid is also known (see Patent Document 2).
- This technology aims to prevent flavor deterioration in LCPUFA-containing fats and oils such as fish oil.
- a kafunko food containing PL containing AA, PL containing DHA, triglyceride containing AA, and triglyceride containing DHA (see Patent Document 3). The aim of this technology is to produce processed foods that are close to the composition of breast milk.
- PL is known to have various physiological functions such as a brain function improving effect, an anti-stress effect, and a cholesterol lowering effect.
- Several types of PL are known, and the main ones are phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylinositol (PI).
- PC phosphatidylcholine
- PS phosphatidylserine
- PE phosphatidylethanolanolamine
- PI phosphatidylinositol
- LCPUFA-PL phospholipids composed of long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acids having 20 or more carbon atoms
- LCPUFA-PL phospholipids composed of long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acids having 20 or more carbon atoms
- LCPUFA-PL phospholipids composed of long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acids having 20 or more carbon atoms
- LCPUFA-PL phospholipids composed of long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acids having 20 or more carbon atoms
- non-LCPUFA-PL for convenience of description, abbreviated as non-LCPUFA-PL
- LC Specific examples of PUF A include, for example, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (DHA)
- LCPUFA derivatives other than phospholipids also have a brain function improving effect (for example, see Patent Document 4).
- the brain function improving effect of a non-phospholipid type LCPUFA derivative is considered to be based on the action on the cerebral hippocampus, unlike phospholipids such as LCPUFA-PL and non-LCPUFA-PL.
- LCPUFA The reason that PL has an excellent effect of improving brain function is that (1) the structure actually exists in the brain, (2) it can cross the cerebrovascular barrier, and (3) ) There are various reasons that they are absorbed without passing through the liver and reach the tissues such as the brain without being captured or modified by the liver.
- LCPU FA in the brain exists almost in the form of phospholipids. More specifically, LCPU FA exists mainly as a compound such as PC, PS, PE, PI, etc., and exhibits various functions in the brain.
- the ingestion of labeled phospholipids in the brain tissue causes the detection of the phospholipids in the brain tissue, so that the phospholipids reach the brain tissue. (See Non-Patent Document 2).
- the reason (3) when phospholipids are absorbed, one of the two constituent fatty acids is hydrolyzed in the digestive tract to produce lysophospholipids.
- LCPUFA-PL has been conventionally produced by preparing or refining animal organs and eggs containing a large amount thereof. Specific examples include preparation from bovine brain and purification of phospholipid fraction from pig liver or fish egg (see Patent Documents 5 and 6). Furthermore, it is also known that certain marine bacteria produce LCPUFA-PL (see Non-Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10—237480 (published September 8, 1998)
- Patent Document 3 Patent Document 3
- Patent Document 4 Patent Document 4
- Patent Document 5 (Patent Document 5)
- Patent Document 6 (Patent Document 6)
- Non-Patent Document 3 (Non-Patent Document 3)
- Non-patent document 4 (Non-patent document 4)
- each composition or processed food containing a phospholipid described above is not a technology aimed at increasing the amount of LCPUFA-PL in a living body. Therefore, the amounts and ratios of the components such as phospholipids are determined in consideration of the metabolism in the living body.
- LCPUFA-PL when LCPUFA-PL itself is ingested, the currently available LCPUFA-PL is limited in supply because it is derived from the above-mentioned animal organs, egg yolk, marine bacteria, and the like. Only a small amount of power can be obtained. Therefore, the supply is unstable and the quality is not always stable. Furthermore, animal organs such as bovine brain have been extremely difficult to use since the outbreak of mad cow disease. Also yolk Is not preferable as a nutritional composition because it has a low LCPUFA-PL content and a large amount of cholesterol. Calorie, LCPUFA-PL derived from marine bacteria contains mainly branched fatty acids as fatty acids in the structure. Since this branched fatty acid is a fatty acid peculiar to bacteria which is hardly found in humans and animals, it is not suitable as a nutritional composition for human consumption.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to use LCPUFA-PL in vivo without considering LCPUFA-PL itself and taking metabolism in vivo into consideration.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fat and oil composition which can efficiently increase the amount of calories and can be suitably used as a nutrient organism, and a food using the same.
- LCPUFA-PL is not necessarily included, and phospholipid is not necessarily a phospholipid type.
- Ingestion of an oil-and-fat composition containing (may be present) hydrolyzes phospholipids in the gastrointestinal tract to produce lysophospholipids that are composed of non-LCPUFA, which is reconstituted in small intestinal cells
- the LCPUFA supplied from the conjugation product is taken in very efficiently, and as a result, a remarkable amount of LCPUFA-PL is newly generated in the living body, and furthermore, the generated LCPUFA- PL was found to be actually absorbed from lymphatic vessels, and completed the present invention.
- the fat and oil composition according to the present invention contains a long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) as a first component in its structure, and the LCPUFA is hydrolyzed.
- LCPUFA long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acid
- a fat and oil composition comprising a LCPUFA supply conjugate which enables separation of a fatty acid and a phospholipid as a second component, the composition comprising a hydrolyzable fatty acid binding structure contained in the phospholipid molecule.
- the combination ratio of the first component and the second component is determined based on the number, and is characterized in that it is determined!
- the ratio of LCPUFA is 25% by weight or more of all fatty acids that can be supplied with the total amount of the first component.
- the mixing ratio of the first component and the second component is such that the ratio of the total weight of LCPUFA supplied to the total weight of the phospholipid as the second component is 0.5 or more. It is preferable that
- the oil / fat composition it is preferable that at least one glycerol phospholipid selected from phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol is used as the phospholipid.
- at least phosphatidylserine is used as the phospholipid, it may be more preferable that the content of phosphatidylserine in the total amount of the second component is 5% by weight or more.
- a phospholipid in which the fatty acid constituting the fatty acid binding structure of the phospholipid is not LCPUFA may be used.
- a phospholipid in which the fatty acid constituting the fatty acid binding structure of the phospholipid is not arachidonic acid and Z or docosahexane acid.
- non-animal-derived phospholipids can be used as the above-mentioned phospholipids.
- plant-derived phospholipids can be used as the above-mentioned non-animal-derived phospholipids.
- soybean lecithin and Z or soybean phosphatidylserine can be preferably used.
- animal-derived phospholipids can be used as the phospholipids.
- the animal-derived phospholipid is derived from a substance other than egg yolk.
- a phospholipid derived from a vertebrate organ or a fish egg-derived phospholipid can be preferably used.
- LCPUFA-supplied conjugate free fatty acid, fatty acid alcohol ester, glycerol lipid, sphingolipid, sugar or sugar derivative ester, and carotenoid ester capra are used. It is preferred that at least one selected is used.
- the above-mentioned LCPUFA-supplied conjugate is composed of eicosagenic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosagenic acid, docosatrienoic acid, Docosatetraenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tetracosagenic acid, tetracosatrienoic acid, tetracosatetraenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, and tetracosahexanoic acid It is preferable to be able to supply.
- At least one of the carbon-carbon double bonds contained in the molecule of LCPUFA may be a conjugated double bond.
- the LCPUFA to which the above-mentioned LCPUFA supply property is also supplied preferably contains arachidonic acid and Z or docosahexaenoic acid.
- the ratio of arachidonic acid be 1% by weight or more of all fatty acids that can be supplied with the total amount of the first component.
- the ratio of docosahexaenoic acid be 11% by weight or more of all the fatty acids that can supply the total power of the first component.
- the total weight of the first component can be supplied, and that the weight ratio of arachidonic acid to docosahexaenoic acid is substantially equal among all the fatty acids.
- the oil / fat composition of the present invention can be used as a nutritional composition. Further, the oil / fat composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited in its shape, and uses a phospholipid as a second component, and disperses at least the first component into ribosomes in an oil-in-water type. It can be a liquid or a capsule or tablet.
- the food that works in the present invention may be any food containing the above-mentioned fats and oils, and can be suitably used as a dietary supplement.
- the phospholipid and the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate are metabolized to produce LCPUFA-PL.
- both the first component and the second component are supplied in a large amount, are stable, have good quality and are relatively inexpensive. Therefore, it is possible to increase the amount of LCPUFA-PL in the living body without directly ingesting LC PUF A-PL, which is not constant in quality and has a small amount, as in the past.
- the first component and the second component can be suitably used as those derived from plants or microorganisms, they can be easily accepted by consumers as products.
- a specific phospholipid fraction that had been purified from the biological force from which it was derived had to be used, but in the present invention, by changing the combination of the phospholipid and the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate, Various kinds of LCPUFA-PL can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to combine the first component and the second component according to an object to be ingested and physical properties required for a product. Therefore, it is possible to freely design products with higher added value.
- the present invention will be described in detail in the order of the fat and oil composition, the method for producing the fat and oil composition, and the use of the fat and oil composition which are effective in the present invention.
- the oil and fat composition according to the present invention contains a long chain highly unsaturated fatty acid (LCPU FA) supply conjugate as a first component, and contains a phospholipid as a second component.
- the mixing ratio of each component is determined based on the number of hydrolyzable fatty acid binding structures contained in the phospholipid molecule.
- LCPUFA-supplied conjugate used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be metabolized in the scorpion organ to produce LCPUFA-PL when ingested together with a phospholipid.
- LCPUFA-PL consists of two components: LCPUFA and a phospholipid main skeleton structure (glycerol phosphate conjugate, ceramide conjugate, etc.).
- the LCPUFA supply compound supplies LCPUFA. Any compound that allows it.
- the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate may be any compound that contains LCPUFA in its structure and can separate LCPUFA by hydrolysis.
- any compound may be used as long as LCPUFA is generated by a hydrolysis reaction by a hydrolase in the living body.
- the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate may contain fatty acids other than LCPUFA.
- LCPUFA supply conjugate are not particularly limited, but LCPUFA itself (ie, free fatty acid); fatty acid alcohols such as alkyl alcohol esters, amino alcohol esters, and sterol esters.
- Esters Triglycerides, diglycerides, monoglycerides, glycerol lipids such as glycerol phospholipids, glycerin glycolipids, etc .; Sphingolipids such as sphingolipids, sphingoglycolipids; sucrose fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, ascorbic acid fatty acid esters, etc.
- Sugar or sugar derivative ester and carotenoid ester These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- LCPUFA-PL may be generated by metabolism in a living body, and thus the LCP UFA supply conjugate only needs to supply LCPUFA.
- LCPUFA-supplying compounds of the phospholipid type namely LCPUFA—PL itself are included! / Therefore, as the first component used in the present invention, a non-phospholipid type LCPUFA-supplied conjugate may be used, but if necessary, LCPUFA-PL may be used in combination, Of type LCPUFA— PL may be used alone! / ,.
- the LCPUFA is not particularly limited as long as it is an unsaturated fatty acid having 20 or more carbon atoms and having a double bond, and specific examples thereof include eicosadic acid; dihomo-y-linolenic acid, Eicosatrienoic acid such as mead acid; eicosatetraenoic acid such as arachidonic acid (AA); eicosapentaenoic acid; docosagenic acid; docosatrienoic acid; docosatetraenoic acid; Acids; tetracosatrienoic acid; tetracosatetraenoic acid; tetracosapentaenoic acid; tetracosahexanoic acid; and the like.
- LCPUFAs arachidonic acid (AA) and Z or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are more preferably used.
- AA arachidonic acid
- DHA docosahexaenoic acid
- these fatty acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, even when included as a component in the LCPUFA supply product, only one type may be included, or two or more types may be included.
- the LCPUFA is contained in fish oil and animal fat in a large amount, and is also contained in algae and the like. Therefore, as LCPUFA as free fatty acids, it is possible to use extracts from animals and plants rich in these as they are.
- examples of such an extract include fish oils such as sardine oil, salmon oil, and purified fish oil; animal fats such as lard, tallow, milk fat; and algal extracts such as glue and konbu.
- fish oils such as sardine oil, salmon oil, and purified fish oil
- animal fats such as lard, tallow, milk fat
- algal extracts such as glue and konbu.
- these extracts can be produced by known extraction methods and preparation methods.
- these extracts may be unpurified if they can be used as LCPUFA-supplied conjugates, or may be purified to a usable level if they cannot be used. Of course, it may be used as a LCPUFA supply product or may be purified.
- microorganisms produce LCPUFA-supplied conjugates, and these can also be used. For example, it is known to produce large quantities of LCPUFA-supplied conjugates containing Mortierella spp. Arachidonic acid (AA), dihomo ⁇ -linolenic acid, mead acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, eicosagenic acid, and the like. It is also known that microorganisms of the genus Ulkenia and Schizochytrium produce large quantities of docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Therefore, these can be purified as necessary and used as LCPUFA-supplied conjugates.
- AA Arachidonic acid
- DHA docosapentaenoic acid
- LCPUFA-supplied conjugate prepared or manufactured as described above may be modified with an enzymatic or chemical treatment to modify the molecular structure or conjugated with a double bond by an alkali treatment. It may be used after conversion.
- LCPUFA as a free fatty acid is suitable May be synthesized as a LCPUFA conjugate.
- a purified LCPUFA-supplied conjugate may be used as the first component, and a mixture containing an LCPUFA-supplied compound, such as the extract or the composition containing other components, may be used.
- Compounds may be used. Therefore, the first component may contain a compound other than the LCPUFA supply compound. Examples of such compounds include fatty acid-containing compounds other than LCPUFA-supplied compound.
- the LCPUFA supply property can also separate fatty acids other than LC PUFA.
- LCPUF the proportion of A is preferably 25% by weight or more, more preferably 33% by weight or more, and even more preferably 50% by weight or more.
- LCPUFA preferably used in the present invention is arachidonic acid (AA) and Z or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Therefore, the ratio of arachidonic acid (AA) to all fatty acids that can be supplied from the total amount of the first component should be 10.5% by weight or more if it is 1% or more. It is more preferable that the content is 23% by weight or more, and it is even more preferable that the content is 40% by weight or more.
- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) should be at least 11% by weight of all fatty acids that can supply the full power of the first component. 22.5% by weight or more It is more preferable that it is 40% by weight or more. It is more preferable that it is 45% by weight or more.
- the weight ratio of arachidonic acid (AA) to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) be substantially equal among all fatty acids that can be supplied. ⁇ .
- the available fatty acids if they contain arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), they are preferably approximately equal in weight! / ,.
- LCPUFA can be efficiently absorbed as LCPUFA-PL.
- the amount of the LCPUFA-supplied conjugated product in the fat and oil composition is, as shown in the section of the production method described later, the amount of the compound in the phospholipid molecule. May be determined on the basis of the number of hydrolyzable fatty acid binding structures contained in. In other words, based on this criterion, the amount of the fatty acid that can be supplied is determined.
- the phospholipid which is the second component used in the present invention, is not particularly limited as long as it can be metabolized in the organ to produce LCPUFA-PL by ingesting with the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate.
- LCPUFA is not used as a component, but non-LCPUFA-PL is used.
- non-LCPUFA—PL specifically refers to a phospholipid in which the fatty acid constituting the fatty acid binding structure of the phospholipid is not LCPUFA.
- LCPUFA-PL is produced by metabolizing in vivo as described above. Therefore, the phospholipid contained in the oil / fat composition according to the present invention only needs to supply a phospholipid main skeleton structure for constituting LCPUFA-PL. Therefore, non-LCPUFA-PL is particularly preferably used as the second component.
- LCPUFA-PL may be used! However, the structure of LCPUFA-PL generated in vivo is preferred! And it is better to narrow down the source of LCPUFA! /, Therefore, it is preferable to use non-LCPUFA-PL! / ,.
- the phospholipid is a component that supplies a phospholipid main skeleton structure as described above
- the second component can be referred to as a "phospholipid main skeleton structure supply component”.
- the first component can be referred to as “LCPUFA supply component”.
- the phospholipid used in the present invention is not particularly limited. Since phospholipids are widely contained in many types of organisms, they may be derived from any organism. That is, it may be a non-animal-derived phospholipid or an animal-derived phospholipid. Non-animal-derived phospholipids are also not particularly limited, but generally include plant-derived phospholipids.
- the plant from which it is derived is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include soybean, corn, rice, and the like. Among them, specifically, soybean-derived phospholipids are preferred, and soybean lecithin and Z or soybean phosphatidylserine are preferably used.
- non-animal-derived phospholipid examples include microorganism-derived phospholipids in addition to the plant-derived phospholipid. Can be mentioned.
- the origin of the microorganism is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include filamentous fungi, yeast, and bacteria.
- the above-mentioned animal-derived phospholipids may be derived from any animal, but usually, those derived from various food animals and livestock animals are preferably used. Specific examples include seafood such as fish and shellfish, birds such as chickens, mammals such as cows and pigs, and other vertebrates. Eggs such as fish eggs and chicken eggs also contain a large amount of phospholipids and can be used. Generally, egg yolk lecithin and the like are commercially available. In cases other than eggs, for example, vertebrate organs such as bovine brain and pig liver can be derived.
- the purpose is to narrow down the supply source of the phospholipid main skeleton structure and the supply source of LCPUFA. It is preferable to use a plant-derived phospholipid. This is because most of the plant-derived phospholipids are the non-LCPUFAs described above.
- the non-LCPUFA-PL preferably used in the present invention includes phospholipids in which the fatty acid constituting the fatty acid binding structure of the phospholipid is not arachidonic acid (AA) and Z or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Can be mentioned.
- AA arachidonic acid
- DHA docosahexaenoic acid
- phospholipid examples include phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin.
- PC phosphatidylcholine
- PS phosphatidylserine
- PE phosphatidylethanolamine
- PI phosphatidylinositol
- PG phosphatidylglycerol
- cardiolipin examples include phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin.
- CL glycemic phospholipids
- SP sphingomyelin
- LPC lysophosphatidylcholine
- LPS lysophosphatidylserine
- LPE lysophosphatidylethanolamine
- LPI lysophosphatidyl inositol
- LPG glycerol
- PC, PS, PE and PI are more preferably used, and PS is more preferably used.
- These phospholipids may be used alone! Or in combination of two or more.
- a purified phospholipid may be used as in the above-mentioned LCPUFA supply conjugate, or a mixture containing a phospholipid such as a composition containing an extract or another component may be used! ⁇ . Therefore, the second component may contain a compound or the like other than the phospholipid. Furthermore, when PS is used as the phospholipid, the total amount of the Is preferably at least 5% by weight, more preferably at least 23% by weight. Thereby, the brain function improving effect of PS can be exhibited.
- the oil / fat composition according to the present invention can be produced by mixing the above-mentioned LCPUFA supply compound as the first component and the above-mentioned phospholipid as the second component. In view of the metabolism in the cells, these two components are used to increase the amount of LCPUFA-PL in the body based on the number of hydrolysable fatty acid binding structures contained in the phospholipid molecule. Is determined. This makes it possible to efficiently generate LCPUF A-PL in vivo.
- fatty acids such as LCPUFA-PL orally ingested reach brain tissue without passing through the liver (see Non-Patent Document 2).
- Fatty Add fatty acids
- the two fatty acids constituting One of them is hydrolyzed to produce lysophospholipids.
- the fatty acid at position 2 is hydrolyzed and released.
- X differs depending on the type of phospholipid, and may be a hydrogen atom (H2) or a base such as choline.
- the present inventors separately supplied (i) a phospholipid main skeleton structure such as glycerol phosphate and LCPUFA (a fatty acid in the above formulas (1) and (2)) to supply That the amount of LCPUFA-PL can be increased in vivo by resynthesizing it as LCPUFA PL, (ii) containing LCPUFA-supplied conjugate (first component) and phospholipid (second component)
- LCPUFA-PL containing LCPUFA-supplied conjugate
- second component phospholipid
- the fat and oil composition can be produced by using a relatively low-priced phospholipid and a LCPUFA supply conjugate which are stable and have a large supply amount. Therefore, the amount of LCPUFA-PL in a living body can be sufficiently increased and absorbed without directly ingesting LCPUFA-PL.
- phospholipids and LCPUFAs exhibit various physical properties and actions depending on their types.
- the purified phospholipid fraction such as bovine brain, pig liver, and fish eggs, had to be used as it was, but in the present invention, the combination of the phospholipid and the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate was changed. This makes it possible to obtain various types of LCPUFA-PL. As a result, it is possible to combine these in accordance with the target of consumption and the physical properties required for the product, so that products with higher added value can be freely designed.
- the mixing ratio of the phospholipid and the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate may be determined based on the number of hydrolyzable fatty acid binding structures contained in the phospholipid molecule.
- phospholipids can be broadly classified into glycemic phospholipids and sphingophospholipids, and thus the mixing ratio may be determined according to the structure of each of these phospholipids.
- the phospholipid is a glycerol phospholipid, as shown in the following chemical formula (3), a fatty acid binding structure (“0-Fatty Add” 2) are included.
- the mixing ratio between the glycerol phospholipid and the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate may be determined so that at least one of the fatty acid LCPUFAs can be substituted.
- the phospholipid is a sphingophospholipid
- the fatty acid binding structure (the structure of “CO-Fatty Add” in the formula) is 1 in the sphingophospholipid molecule as shown in the following chemical formula (4).
- the mixing ratio of the sphingophospholipid to the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate must be determined so that the fatty acid binding structure of the sphingophospholipid can be replaced with the fatty acid SLCPUFA.
- the fatty acid of the fatty acid binding structure in all the phospholipids is not necessarily required to be replaced by LCPUFA.
- the ingested first and second component powers are absorbed in the form of LCPUFA-PL in a preferred form! / ⁇ , the form and efficiency of re-synthesis in vivo will be large It does not affect.
- each weight is determined based on the weight of the LCPUFA that can be supplied from the first component and the weight of the second component based on the results of the examples described later.
- the composition ratio of the components is determined.
- the mixing ratio of the first component and the second component is such that the ratio of the total weight of LCPUFA supplied to the total weight of the second component, that is, the phospholipid, is 0. It may be decided to be 5 or more.
- the weight ratio is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, and still more preferably 3 or more. If the weight ratio is less than 0.5, the supply amount of LCPUFA tends to be too small relative to the phospholipid main skeleton structure supplied from the phospholipid as the first component, which is not preferable.
- the upper limit of the weight ratio is not particularly limited, and the upper limit may be appropriately set according to the use purpose and application of the fat and oil composition.
- the oil / fat composition according to the present invention may be produced by weighing a phospholipid and a LCPUFA supply compound so as to have the above-mentioned mixing ratio, and mixing them by a known method.
- the mixing method is not particularly limited, and the conditions at this time are not particularly limited.
- the third component includes a solvent for dilution and various additives.
- the diluting solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that is compatible with each of the above components, but any fat or oil containing triglyceride as a main component such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, or olive oil; free fatty acid, fatty acid Compounds that can be used as LCPUFA-supplied conjugates, such as alcohol esters, glycemic lipids, sphingolipids, sugar or sugar derivative esters, and carotenoid esters. These preferably do not include LCPUFA, but may do so.
- Examples of the additive include, but are not particularly limited to, vitamin E, tocotrienol, sesamin, sesaminol, sesamol, astaxanthin, astaxanthin ester, sterols, carotenes, and the like. . Since the oil / fat composition according to the present invention can be used in foods and the like as nutrient organisms, all additives that can be added to foods can be added.
- the fat and oil composition according to the present invention contains a phospholipid
- other components first and Z or third components
- first and Z or third components are ribosomized using this phospholipid (second component). It can also be solubilized.
- an oil-in-water type (OZW type) dispersion obtained by ribosome formation can also be used as the oil / fat composition according to the present invention (see Example 8 described later).
- the shape of the fat composition produced in this way is not particularly limited, It may be in the form of a powder, a capsule (see Example 7 described later), or a tablet or tablet.
- the method of using the oil / fat composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but as a typical example, it can be suitably used as a nutritional composition for replenishing LCPUFA-PL.
- the organism for which the nutritional composition is used is not particularly limited, and may be any organism, but is typically a human, and includes livestock animals, experimental animals, etc. be able to.
- the nutritional composition can be taken in any form, but the oral method is most preferred. Therefore, the present invention also includes a food containing the above-described fat or oil composition.
- the food according to the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as it contains the above-mentioned oil / fat composition.
- bread, Japanese and Western confectionery (including frozen desserts), prepared foods, dairy products, cereal foods, tofu, fried foods, vegetables, lunches, seasonings, processed agricultural products such as flour and meat, long-term General foods such as preserved foods (canned foods, frozen foods, retort foods, etc.), soft drinks, milk drinks, soy milk, and soups such as potage soup can be mentioned, but are not particularly limited.
- the method of adding the oil / fat composition to these general foods is not particularly limited, and a known and appropriate method can be adopted according to the type of general foods.
- Examples of the food according to the present invention include functional foods that are not general foods but are used for specific purposes, such as health foods and nutritional foods.
- Specific examples include dietary supplements such as various supplements, foods for specified health use, and the like.
- dietary supplements such as various supplements, foods for specified health use, and the like.
- a supplement or the like it can be used as it is simply by processing the fat and oil thread into an appropriate shape, and as described in (2-3) above, the third component may be added as necessary. Can also be used.
- the main sources of LCPUFA-PL include animal organs such as bovine brain, but such sources have not been favored since the mad cow disease epidemic.
- both the first and second components which are the main components, can obtain the power of a plant, a fermented microorganism, or the like. Therefore, particularly, the present invention relates to the above general foods and functional foods When it is used, it becomes possible to improve the acceptability of consumers.
- the present invention can also be used in the pharmaceutical field beyond the food field as described above. That is, the oil or fat composition according to the present invention may be used as a pharmaceutical. Specific examples of the use as a pharmaceutical are not particularly limited, and a known technique may be used according to the purpose! ⁇ .
- LCPUFA-supplied conjugate triglyceride containing arachidonic acid (AA) (LCPUFA content 50% by weight) or triglyceride containing low arachidonic acid (LCPU)
- AA arachidonic acid
- LCPUFA content 50% by weight triglyceride containing low arachidonic acid
- soybean lecithin manufactured by Sigma was used as the second component.
- the arachidonic acid (AA) -containing triglyceride is used as the arachidonic acid-producing filamentous fungal mole.
- a microbial fermentation oil Tierera alpina is generated, the 40% by weight Arakidon acid in total fatty acids (AA), is 5 weight 0/0 dihomo - gamma - linolenic acid (DGLA), 5 wt% other LCPUFA (Eicosagenic acid, eicosatrienoic acid, etc.).
- arachidonic acid low triglyceride is a microbial fermented oil produced by the arachidonic acid-producing filamentous fungus Mortierella alpina, of which 23% by weight of the total fatty acids are arachidonic acid (AA) and 2% by weight.
- DGLA Dihomo- ⁇ -linolenic acid
- soy lecithin was composed of phospholipids and did not contain LCPUFA.
- LCPUFA-supplied conjugate three types of arachidonic acid-containing triglyceride, dihomo- ⁇ -linolenic acid-containing triglyceride, and sardine oil (manufactured by Nippon Suisan Co., Ltd.) as in Production Example 1 were used.
- the components were blended at the blending ratios shown in Table 2 (all units in the table are mg) to produce fat / oil composition A2-C2 and control composition 2.
- the triglyceride containing dihomo- ⁇ -linolenic acid is a microbial fermented oil produced by Mortierella arpina, and 50% by weight of the total fatty acids in the dihomo- ⁇ -linolenic acid is dihomo- ⁇ -linolenic acid. It was norenic acid (DGLA).
- Sardine oil among the total fatty acids, 1 weight 0/0 Arakidon acid, 21 wt% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 11 wt% were Kisaen acid to docosapentaenoic (D HA).
- the same arachidonic acid-containing triglyceride as in Production Example 1 the same dihomo- ⁇ -linolenic acid-containing triglyceride as in Production Example 2, and purified fish oil (manufactured by Nippon Fisheries Co., Ltd.)
- soybean phosphatidylserine manufactured by Bizen Kasei Co., Ltd.
- Table 3 all units in the table are mg
- the purified fish oil contained 1% by weight of arachidonic acid (AA), 4% by weight of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and 45% by weight of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of the total fatty acids.
- the oil obtained by mixing the above-mentioned arachidonic acid (AA) -containing triglyceride and purified fish oil in an equal amount contains 20.5% by weight of arachidonic acid (AA) and 2.5% by weight of dihomo- ⁇ - linolenic acid (DGLA), 2 weight 0/0 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 22. 5 weight 0/0 Gad Kosa to Kisaen acid (DHA), 2.
- soy phosphatidylserine also has phospholipid properties, of which about 23% by weight was phosphatidylserine (PS). Also, it did not include LCPUFA.
- the soybean oil contained triglyceride and almost no LCPUFA.
- the first component LCPUFA-supplied conjugate
- the same purified fish oil as in Production Example 3 was used
- the same soybean lecithin as in Production Example 1 was used. Except that soybean oil was used, the same procedure as in Production Example 1 was carried out at the compounding ratio shown in Table 5 (all units in parentheses in the table are mg), and the mixture was mixed to obtain the oil / fat composition A5-E5 and the Lighting composition 5 was produced.
- the same arachidonic acid-containing triglyceride as in Production Example 1 and the same refined fish oil as in Production Example 3 were used, and as the second component, the same soybean lecithin as in Production Example 1 and the same as in Production Example 3, Except using the same soybean phosphatidylserine as in Example 1, in the same manner as in Production Example 1 at the compounding ratio shown in Table 6 (all units except parentheses in the table are mg), and mixed to obtain an oil and fat composition.
- A6—D6 and Control Composition 6 were prepared.
- Example 1 An experiment in which a soybean lecithin as a phospholipid and an oil / fat composition using arachidonic acid-containing triglyceride as an LCPUFA conjugate were administered to rats]
- Eight- to nine-week-old male SD rats were subjected to force-Yure incision of the thoracic duct lymphatic vessels and stomach under anesthesia. While injecting physiological saline (manufactured by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) under the condition of 3 ml Zhr, the lymph flow was stabilized overnight. The following morning, the lymph fluid before administration was collected for 2 hours, and then the oil and fat composition A1-F1 of Production Example 1 and the control composition 1 were also administered by gastric tube force, and the lymph fluid was collected over time.
- physiological saline manufactured by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- the collected lymph was analyzed according to a conventional method as follows. First, lipids are extracted by the lymphatic Folch method, the PL fraction is fractionated by thin-layer chromatography, transmethylated with methanol hydrochloride, and analyzed by gas chromatography to obtain PL-type fatty acids. Was determined. In addition, pentadecanoic acid was used as an internal standard.
- LCPUFA-PL in lymph fluid at 2 hours (average concentration after 12 hours) and 6 hours (average concentration after 5-6 hours) in rats to which each of the above-mentioned fats and oils was administered Table 7 shows the concentrations. The units in the table are all mgZmL.
- oil composition A2-C2 and control composition 2 were administered by gastric tube in the same manner as in Example 1, and lymph fluid was collected over time. Analysis of the collected lymph was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the LCPUFA-PL concentration was higher in all rats receiving the oil / fat compositions A2-C2 than in the rats receiving the control composition 2.
- the concentration of each LCPUFA-PL in the lymph fluid increased according to the fatty acid composition of the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate used for the fat composition A2-C2.
- Example 3 Experiment in which a fat and oil composition using soybean phosphatidylserine as a phospholipid and various compounds as a LCPUFA feed conjugate was administered to rats]
- oil composition A3-D3 and control composition 3 were administered by gastric tube in the same manner as in Example 1, and lymph was collected over time. Collected The analysis of the lymph was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 Using an SD male rat of 8 to 9 weeks of age, the oil composition A4-E4 and the control composition 4 were also administered by gastric tube force in the same manner as in Example 1, and lymph fluid was collected over time. Analysis of the collected lymph was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the AA concentration and LCPUFA-PL concentration were almost the same as those of the rats to which the control composition 4 was administered, but the PL-type AA concentration and the L concentration of all the rats to which the oil composition B4-E4 was administered.
- oil composition A5-E5 and control composition 5 were administered by gastric tube in the same manner as in Example 1, and lymph fluid was collected over time. Analysis of the collected lymph was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- LCPUFA-PL in lymph fluid at 2 hours (average concentration after 12 hours) and 6 hours (average concentration after 5-6 hours) in rats to which each of the above-mentioned fats and oils was administered Table 11 shows the concentrations. The units in the table are all mgZmL.
- oil composition A6-E6 and control composition 6 were administered by gastric tube in the same manner as in Example 1, and lymph fluid was collected over time. Analysis of the collected lymph was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the concentration of phosphatidylserine (PS) -type LCPUFA-PL in rats treated with the oil composition A6 was almost the same as that in the rats treated with the control composition 6.
- the PS-type LCPUFA PL concentration was higher in all the rats to which the oil / fat composition B6-D6 was administered than in the rats to which the control Itobuta 6 was administered.
- the LCPUFA-supplied conjugate as the first component, the arachidonic acid (AA) -containing triglyceride used in Example 1, the dihomo- ⁇ -linolenic acid-containing triglyceride used in Example 2, or the Example 3
- the refined fish oil used was used.
- V soybean phosphatidylserine used in Example 3, and soybean lecithin used in Example 1 or 2 were used.
- soybean oil manufactured by Showa Sangyo KK
- vitamin ⁇ oil manufactured by Eisaine clay
- sesamin manufactured by Suntory Ltd.
- astaxanthin oil manufactured by Suntory Ltd.
- soybean oil is a solvent for dilution
- vitamin oil is an additive as a stabilizer
- sesamin or astaxanthin oil is an additive as a nutritional component.
- Classification Compound or composition name 1 2 3 4 5 Triglyceride containing arachidonic acid
- the arachidonic acid-containing triglyceride and purified fish oil used in Example 3 and the vitamin E oil and astaxanthin oil used in Example 4 were adjusted to have a weight ratio of 50: 50: 0.05: 0.01, respectively.
- the fat and oil composition G was prepared by weighing and mixing in the same manner as in Production Examples 1-3. This fat composition G and soy lecithin were weighed at a weight ratio of 1: 5, and were mixed at 60 ° C. for 5-30 minutes using a mixing and dispersing apparatus (trade name: CLEARMIX, manufactured by Emtechnic). And stirred in water. As a result, the fat composition G was converted into ribosomes and uniformly dispersed in water, whereby a dispersion was obtained.
- the concentration of the fat composition G in the obtained dispersion liquid was freely controllable in the range of 0.1 to 20% by weight, and the transparency was almost milky in each case.
- the average particle size of the ribosome was about 50-100 nm.
- the oil / fat composition according to the present invention comprises a dispersion containing 10% of the oil / fat composition G.
- Each of the above beverages as foods that can be used in the present invention is prepared by adding lZioo volume to orange juice, carbonated water, coffee beverages, milk, soy milk, and potage soup beverages by volume. )did. These beverages are suitable for oral ingestion.
- the present invention it is possible to effectively increase the amount of LCP UFA-PL in the living body without directly ingesting LCPUFA-PL, and to increase the amount of plant and plant components as each component. Since microorganism-derived products can be suitably used, consumers can easily accept them as products, and it is also possible to freely design high value-added products by combining each component. Therefore, the effectiveness of LCPUFA-PL can be obtained efficiently and sufficiently.
- the present invention can not only be widely used especially in industries related to functional foods, but also can be used in industries related to general foods and pharmaceuticals.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004800359023A CN1890357B (zh) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | 含有磷脂质和长链多不饱和脂肪酸供给化合物的油脂组合物及使用该油脂组合物的食品 |
| CA2547658A CA2547658C (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | Oil or fat compositions containing phospholipids and a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid-supplying compound, and food using the same |
| JP2005515954A JP4773827B2 (ja) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | リン脂質と長鎖高度不飽和脂肪酸供給化合物とを含有する油脂組成物、およびこれを用いた食品 |
| EP04819880A EP1710296A4 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | FAT COMPOSITION CONTAINING PHOSPHOLIPIDE AND LONG-CHAIN MULTIPLE UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS, AND FOOD WITH THESE |
| AU2004295582A AU2004295582B2 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | Fat composition containing phospholipid and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid-supplying compound and food using the same |
| US10/581,941 US20080020033A1 (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | Oil or Fat Compositions Containing Phospholipids and a Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supply Compound, and Food Using Same |
| KR1020067013311A KR101144834B1 (ko) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | 인지질과 장쇄 고도 불포화 지방산 공급 화합물을 함유하는 유지 조성물, 및 이를 이용한 식품 |
| IL176054A IL176054A (en) | 2003-12-02 | 2006-05-31 | Oil or fat compositions containing phospholipids and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplying compound and food using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003403630 | 2003-12-02 | ||
| JP2003-403630 | 2003-12-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005054415A1 true WO2005054415A1 (ja) | 2005-06-16 |
Family
ID=34650077
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/017915 Ceased WO2005054415A1 (ja) | 2003-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | リン脂質と長鎖高度不飽和脂肪酸供給化合物とを含有する油脂組成物、およびこれを用いた食品 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080020033A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1710296A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4773827B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101144834B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1890357B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2004295582B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2547658C (ja) |
| IL (1) | IL176054A (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY143962A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TWI365716B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005054415A1 (ja) |
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| JP4850060B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-01 | 2012-01-11 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | 長鎖高度不飽和脂肪酸を構成要素として含むリン脂質の製造方法、およびその利用 |
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| GB2444896B (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2010-05-19 | Nutraceuticals Ltd | Compositions comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| EP2100897A1 (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-09-16 | BNLfood Investments SARL | Lecithin based composition and its use in food |
| US8207363B2 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2012-06-26 | Martek Biosciences Corporation | Thraustochytrids, fatty acid compositions, and methods of making and uses thereof |
| CA2993690C (en) | 2010-01-19 | 2022-03-22 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Eicosapentaenoic acid-producing microorganisms, fatty acid compositions, and methods of making and uses thereof |
| FR2955461B1 (fr) * | 2010-01-27 | 2012-04-13 | Polaris | Ingredient nutritionnel riche en dha et epa |
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| COUTTEAU ET AL.: "Comparison of phosphatidyl choline purified from soybean and marine fish roe in the diet of postlarval Penaeus vannamei Boone", AQUACULTURE, vol. 181, 2000, pages 331 - 345, XP002986999 * |
| MASUI M. ET AL.: "Eicosapentaenoic acid ni taisuru lecitin no kosanka sayo", FRAGRANCE JOURNAL, vol. 64, 1984, pages 126 - 127, XP002990276 * |
| See also references of EP1710296A4 * |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW200520693A (en) | 2005-07-01 |
| AU2004295582B2 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
| KR101144834B1 (ko) | 2012-05-11 |
| CN1890357B (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
| MY143962A (en) | 2011-07-29 |
| IL176054A0 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
| KR20060126678A (ko) | 2006-12-08 |
| US20080020033A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
| JP4773827B2 (ja) | 2011-09-14 |
| EP1710296A4 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
| AU2004295582A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| JPWO2005054415A1 (ja) | 2007-12-06 |
| EP1710296A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| IL176054A (en) | 2011-09-27 |
| TWI365716B (en) | 2012-06-11 |
| CA2547658A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
| CN1890357A (zh) | 2007-01-03 |
| CA2547658C (en) | 2013-01-22 |
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