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WO2005042674A1 - Procede pour gazeifier des dechets - Google Patents

Procede pour gazeifier des dechets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005042674A1
WO2005042674A1 PCT/GB2004/003818 GB2004003818W WO2005042674A1 WO 2005042674 A1 WO2005042674 A1 WO 2005042674A1 GB 2004003818 W GB2004003818 W GB 2004003818W WO 2005042674 A1 WO2005042674 A1 WO 2005042674A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste
drying
gasification
submitting
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2004/003818
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Neil Waterson
Robin Michael Goram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Banham Poultry Ltd
Original Assignee
Banham Poultry Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Banham Poultry Ltd filed Critical Banham Poultry Ltd
Priority to US10/595,320 priority Critical patent/US20070181047A1/en
Priority to EP04768365A priority patent/EP1680487A1/fr
Publication of WO2005042674A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005042674A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/10—Continuous processes using external heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0909—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1246—Heating the gasifier by external or indirect heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1643—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
    • C10J2300/165—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy integrated with a gas turbine or gas motor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1693—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with storage facilities for intermediate, feed and/or product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of treating waste.
  • Background to the Invention In the context of the rise of environmental consciousness and the tightening of environmental legislation, industry is currently using a wide variety of waste treatment methods. These include for example: incineration, anaerobic digestion, land fill, thermophilic composting, by-product rendering, gasification and pyrolysis.
  • the present invention is in essence an improvement to a gasification method of treating waste.
  • the closest prior art l ⁇ iown to the applicant comprises a drier using a turbulent flow of heated air and a centrifuge action followed by a gas converter to convert waste into gas suitable for combustion. This prior art method takes untreated general domestic waste and submits the waste directly to this two-step process of drying and gasification.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to present a method which can be suitable for the treatment of not only primarily solid domestic waste but also can be used to treat waste with a high liquid content. It is a further objective of this invention to provide a method which is suitable for liquid/solid mixture waste treatment. The invention also aims to provide a method which has improved thermal characteristics. The invention further aims at reducing or eliminating altogether undesirable odour emission.
  • the invention provides a method of treating waste comprising the steps of drying said waste and submitting said dried waste to gasification for producing a combustible gas, characterised in that the method comprises the step of separating the waste into a portion for shredding and a portion for filtering prior to drying.
  • This combination of method steps is particularly advantageous because it allows the method to apply to waste which is other than pure solid waste and particularly to waste where there is a portion of solid, associated with a high portion of liquid/solid mixture waste.
  • This method contributes to maximising the amount of waste susceptible of being submitted to drying and gasification. This will also reduce the extent to which waste liquid would have to be treated to meet stringent environmental levels.
  • the invention provides a method of treating waste, comprising the steps of drying said waste and submitting said waste to gasification for producing a combustible gas, characterised in that the method comprises the step of submitting liquid waste with solids in suspension in the liquid to filtering means to substantially separate primarily solid waste from primarily liquid waste prior to drying said primarily solid waste.
  • tlie invention provides a method of treating waste, comprising the steps of drying said waste by supplying heated air to said waste, submitting said dried waste to gasification for producing a combustible gas, burning said gas to generate electricity and exchanging heat from the burning of the gas with the air supply to the waste for drying the waste.
  • tlie invention provides a method of treating waste, comprising the steps of collecting and cooling waste, drying said waste and submitting said dried waste to gasification for producing a combustible gas.
  • Cooling waste marks a radical departure from the prior art teaching of either simply adequately sealing waste or treating gaseous emissions from waste.
  • the method when applied to waste containing feathers comprises the step of submitting quills of feathers to a cutter with a plurality of cutter blades so configured to section the quills.
  • This is particularly advantageous, it reduces the risk of any quills progressing through tlie system and possibly blocking certain areas. This method therefore is advantageous because it reduces tlie frequency at which any apparatus implementing this method would have to be serviced as a consequence of quills building up in a particular location.
  • the method comprises the step of routing the exhausts from the drying step and the gasification step to a single thermal oxidiser.
  • the invention also provides an apparatus adapted to carry out a method in accordance with any of tlie preceding aspects.
  • the single figure accompanying this application illustrates one example of the method of the present invention.
  • the method illustrated shows the arrival of dry material in lorries and the arrival of fluid/solid mixture such as a slurry in a pipe line.
  • the unloading bay may be isolated from the rest of the plant by sealed doors. Means may be provided to ensure that the building operates under a negative pressure to reduce the possibility of gases escaping.
  • the lorry may tip its load into a sunken pit from where the waste can be screw fed onto either a belt conveyor or any other transport means as selected by the person skilled in the art.
  • the pit may comprise a sealed lid to prevent odour leakage.
  • a drainage system is envisaged to pump any spills during unloading to an effluent treatment plant. Strainers (for example with 4mm drain traps) may be fitted to the drainage system to capture solids for further treatment.
  • the method envisages that waste would be stored prior or during treatment in order to allow the method to be flexible.
  • the waste may be collected for example in storage tanks where for tanks containing liquid/solid mixtures, cooling coils may be employed to maintain a stable temperature and reduce fugitive losses which are typically present during hot weather. These tanks will be typically enclosed, lidded vessels. These tanks may be emptied by pump or screw auger should the waste stored be suitable for flowing.
  • the tanks envisaged may incorporate vents fitted with carbon filters to prevent odour escaping during filling or breathing.
  • the tanks may also be fitted with level sensors and alarms to prevent over-filling. .
  • tlie waste Prior to the steps of drying and gasification, tlie waste may be pre-treated.
  • the method envisages a step of separating the waste into a portion for shredding and a portion for filtering prior to diying.
  • a mixture of carcass, gut, bone, head, feet, feathers, sludge, blood may be separated into a solid portion including bones etc and a solid/liquid mixture.
  • This separation may be carried out by a screening process (for example static wedge, inclined screw, rotary drum).
  • the primarily solid waste product from the screening filtering process may be broken down by shredding.
  • macerators are commonly used in the rendering industry for cutting up meat waste.
  • Waste with high liquid content may be submitted to other filtering means such as belt presses which could remove a large percentage of water.
  • the invention also envisages, as a further filtering means, the use of a centrifuge which could be particularly useful fox blood and effluent treatment plant sludge.
  • a centrifuge being fed sludge, blood and mixed material may produce for example a de- watered cake of for example 24% and 39% dry solids.
  • the cake produced by the centrifuge may be used as biomass fuel or used as soil improver or landfill (as shown on the flow chart attached).
  • the waste will be pre-treated to be about 30% dry so as to be ready to be fed to a drier.
  • the drier may be of the kind which has an air heater pumping hot air into a mixture chamber into which waste is fed and mixed to the hot air and flows through the mixer in a turbulent flow.
  • the mixture of heated air and waste may be submitted to a centrifuge to separate the now dried solid waste and tlie exhaust air.
  • the dried waste may be stored for further treatment or directly channelled to a gas converter for gasification.
  • the gas converter may be formed of a sealed vessel with a heated outer skin. The heat of the gas converter may be supplied by gas burners arranged at regular intervals around the vessel.
  • the sealed vessel essentially excludes air and may run at a temperature of approximately 800°. Due to the small particle size resulting from the pre-treatment carried out on the waste the particles of waste rapidly convert to a clean, high energy gas with a relatively small portion of ash generated (approximately 7% of input).
  • the vessel may be of the l ind which allows ash particles to fall by gravity to the base of the chamber.
  • the resulting ash consisting of residual carbon plus inert materials may be then cooled by a non-contact water jacket and collected in dedicated containers.
  • the ash may be used for road building, construction materials and fertilisers.
  • the gas produced by the gas converter may be ducted to a blast cooler for rapid cooling from 800° to 22°. The cooler will be selected so as to avoid synthesis and formation of dioxins and furans.
  • the cooled gas may then be bubbled through a scrubber using an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide as the absorbent.
  • the gas may be fed to gas engines or gas turbines or any other suitable electricity generating means selected by the person skilled in the art from l ⁇ iown alternatives.
  • the skilled person may select a gas engine which is turbo charged and spark ignited.
  • the engine exhaust gases may be ducted back to the drier in order to contribute to the heating of the drier's input air.
  • Emissions from the gas engine and the gas converter may be channelled to a thermal oxidiser which is adapted to control emissions to the atmosphere.
  • the exhaust from the drier, centrifuge or other gas emissions may all be channelled to the thermal oxidiser which would limit any discharge to the atmosphere.
  • gas generated by the gas converter it is also envisaged to use the gas generated by the gas converter to fuel the gas converter itself and/or the thermal oxidiser. This would reduce the amount of gas necessary to be supplied to the gas converter and would cause the system to be largely self-fuelling.
  • a natural gas may however be supplied to tl e gas converter and/or thennal oxidiser during a start up phase and means may be provided to switch between the natural gas supply and the gas generated by the converter once a threshold of converted gas is reached.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour traiter des déchets qui consiste à sécher ces déchets, puis à soumettre les déchets séchés à une gazéification, afin de produire un gaz combustible. Cette invention est caractérisée en ce que le procédé comprend une étape qui consiste à séparer les déchets en une partie à broyer et en une partie à filtrer avant séchage.
PCT/GB2004/003818 2003-10-08 2004-09-03 Procede pour gazeifier des dechets Ceased WO2005042674A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/595,320 US20070181047A1 (en) 2003-10-08 2004-09-03 Method of gasification of waste
EP04768365A EP1680487A1 (fr) 2003-10-08 2004-09-03 Procede pour gazeifier des dechets

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0323497.8 2003-10-08
GBGB0323497.8A GB0323497D0 (en) 2003-10-08 2003-10-08 A method of treating waste

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005042674A1 true WO2005042674A1 (fr) 2005-05-12

Family

ID=29433455

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2004/003818 Ceased WO2005042674A1 (fr) 2003-10-08 2004-09-03 Procede pour gazeifier des dechets

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20070181047A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1680487A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB0323497D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005042674A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3047192A1 (de) * 1980-12-15 1982-07-22 Paul Gerhard 8580 Bayreuth Langer Verfahren und anlage zum geruchfreimachen von guelle
EP0677237A1 (fr) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-18 Robertus Maria Claesen Système de traitement de purin
DE19857870A1 (de) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-21 Res & Dev Of Renewable Energy Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur vollständigen und schadstoffreien Konversion von Material
US6112677A (en) * 1996-03-07 2000-09-05 Sevar Entsorgungsanlagen Gmbh Down-draft fixed bed gasifier system and use thereof
WO2001058244A2 (fr) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-16 Coöperatief Advies En Onderzoeksburo U.A. Ecofys Systeme comprenant un appareil et un procede, destine a generer de l"energie a partir de biomasse
EP1182248A1 (fr) * 2000-08-25 2002-02-27 B.T.G. B.V. Procédé et appareil pour la conversion de fumier
WO2004046279A1 (fr) * 2002-11-18 2004-06-03 Samson Bimatech I/S Procede de traitement de lisier
EP1434003A2 (fr) * 2002-12-23 2004-06-30 UBB Magdeburg Kipper & Dr. Stegmann GbR Méthode et dispositif pour le traitement et le recyclage de mélanges de déchets solides et liquides

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE786025A (fr) * 1971-07-09 1973-01-08 Union Carbide Corp Procede d'incineration d'ordures
US3807644A (en) * 1972-03-16 1974-04-30 Univ Iowa State Res Found Inc Chopper pump
US4432290A (en) * 1979-10-30 1984-02-21 The Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Method of pyrolyzing organic material using a two-bed pyrolysis system
CA1146813A (fr) * 1980-06-30 1983-05-24 456577 Ontario Limited Installation et methode de traitement des boues d'egout
US5431702A (en) * 1993-03-25 1995-07-11 Dynecology, Inc. Waste conversion process and products
CA2418601A1 (fr) * 2002-03-25 2003-09-25 Industrial Energy Management Solutions, Inc. Systeme de gazeification

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3047192A1 (de) * 1980-12-15 1982-07-22 Paul Gerhard 8580 Bayreuth Langer Verfahren und anlage zum geruchfreimachen von guelle
EP0677237A1 (fr) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-18 Robertus Maria Claesen Système de traitement de purin
US6112677A (en) * 1996-03-07 2000-09-05 Sevar Entsorgungsanlagen Gmbh Down-draft fixed bed gasifier system and use thereof
DE19857870A1 (de) * 1998-12-15 2000-06-21 Res & Dev Of Renewable Energy Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur vollständigen und schadstoffreien Konversion von Material
WO2001058244A2 (fr) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-16 Coöperatief Advies En Onderzoeksburo U.A. Ecofys Systeme comprenant un appareil et un procede, destine a generer de l"energie a partir de biomasse
EP1182248A1 (fr) * 2000-08-25 2002-02-27 B.T.G. B.V. Procédé et appareil pour la conversion de fumier
WO2004046279A1 (fr) * 2002-11-18 2004-06-03 Samson Bimatech I/S Procede de traitement de lisier
EP1434003A2 (fr) * 2002-12-23 2004-06-30 UBB Magdeburg Kipper & Dr. Stegmann GbR Méthode et dispositif pour le traitement et le recyclage de mélanges de déchets solides et liquides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070181047A1 (en) 2007-08-09
EP1680487A1 (fr) 2006-07-19
GB0323497D0 (en) 2003-11-12

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