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WO2005041681A2 - Procede de conservation et de transformation de fourrage pour alimentation animale - Google Patents

Procede de conservation et de transformation de fourrage pour alimentation animale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005041681A2
WO2005041681A2 PCT/BR2004/000215 BR2004000215W WO2005041681A2 WO 2005041681 A2 WO2005041681 A2 WO 2005041681A2 BR 2004000215 W BR2004000215 W BR 2004000215W WO 2005041681 A2 WO2005041681 A2 WO 2005041681A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
forage
fibers
sent
stocking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/BR2004/000215
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2005041681A3 (fr
Inventor
Eduardo Cristiano Giorgi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BR0304811-0A external-priority patent/BR0304811C1/pt
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2005041681A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005041681A2/fr
Publication of WO2005041681A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005041681A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/32—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from hydrolysates of wood or straw
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants

Definitions

  • hay which is made up of grass or pasture - grass or pasture being understood as any grass or legume planted in the soil.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to create a low cost conservation and treatment process for animal feed forage that offers low loss of nutrients, thereby making its use possible in countries where there are no agriculture or livestock subsidies.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to create a conservation and treatment process for animal feed forage that allows the maximum absorption of its proteins, carbohydrates, mineral salts and vitamins by the animals, elevating their TDN (Total Digestible Nutrients) approximately eighty percent, similar to levels reached by concentrated food. This is relevant for livestock because it will permit a drastic reduction in grain in feed formulation and consequently a reduction in costs.
  • TDN Total Digestible Nutrients
  • Yet another objective of the present invention is to create a conservation and treatment process for animal feed forage that develops excellent digestibility (high rates of ruminal passage and decomposability) that stimulates the cattle to ingest more dry food daily and, so, to gain more weight and/or to produce more milk (more productive cattle); in other words, the objective is the attainment of a forage that remains in the rumen of the animals for an ideal length of time - neither too long so as to cause sickness in the animal (full stomach sensation) nor too short, preventing the cellulose to be transformed into glucose and finally into VFA (Volatile Fatty Acid) - so as to be better absorbed by the animal.
  • VFA Volatile Fatty Acid
  • TREATMENT PROCESS FOR ANIMAL FEED FORAGE the object of the present invention patent, describes a series of innovative steps performed in specially designed equipment. Among the steps of this developed process are: fiber separation through fluid extraction (carried out by milling or a similar process); hydrolysis; depressurization; liquid concentration through evaporation or ultra filtration/reverse osmosis; forage recomposing; drying; and, finally, stocking. With this new process, the final product to be consumed by the animals (i.e., the aforementioned forage) is achieved after reconstitution through the dried hydrolyzed fibers and concentrated liquid, carried out both before and at the time of consumption.
  • PROCESS FOR ANIMAL FEED FORAGE comes from a boiler and is used to generate the heat employed in the hydrolysis step, the depressurization step and the concentration step of the liquid extracted from the milling.
  • the same exhaust gases that leave the boiler at temperatures of around 300°C are used as heat sources during the drying step, instead of being dispersed into the atmosphere through the chimney.
  • This new treatment has ten times higher efficiency than the processes used in European countries.
  • the hydrolysis step was designed to increase fiber digestibility, and the depressurization step was designed to maintain the physical qualities of remaining fibers, permitting the necessary salivation to maintain the necessary tamponing effects in the rumen. This means the forage is perserved without losing its nourishing qualities for long periods of time (even many years).
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram that illustrates the steps of the new conservation and treatment process for animal feed forage, as well as the equipment used to carry out the steps of the process;
  • FIGs 2 and 3 are simplified diagrams of the steps of the process, respectively for small and medium sized productions (figure 2) and for large productions (figure 3);
  • - Figure 3A is another simplified diagram of the steps of the process with an execution option. It describes some steps from figure 3A and some additional steps.
  • the present invention is a "CONSERVATION AND TREATMENT PROCESS FOR ANIMAL FEED FORAGE,” which, as illustrated in the diagram in figure 1 , is made up of the following steps: - Step 1 - Harvest: here the forage (grass or any legume) is harvest in the field, cut and taken to the mill where it is processed;
  • the first step is the separation of the fibers through extraction of the liquid; equipment (1) for liquid extraction, for example: choppers (if the product hasn't yet been chopped), mills or diffusers; - Step 3 - Hydrolysis: here, the fibers that have been separated from the liquid are placed in a pressure vase (2), where, under pressure and over time their structure is depolymerized, liberating hemicellulose, which turns into xylosus, and cellulose from lignin; the degree of variation of kg/cm 2 to minutes will be from 8 to 40 up to 25 to 4.
  • the heat source is steam provided by a steam boiler;
  • Step 4 - Depressurization before the fiber discharge, the hydrolyzing vase is depressurized (2), in order that the cellulose does not disintegrate and the necessary physical conditions are also preserved for rumination to occur; the pressure of the hydrolyzing vase (2) must drop to between 5 kg/cm 2 and zero kg/cm 2 , depending on the product.
  • This depressurization can be achieved in two ways: through a depressurizing valve or through an series of successive chambers at increasing volumes, which are set after the hydrolyser valve opening; thus, the xylosus and the cellulose are liberated from the lignin, making them almost completely digestible by animals.
  • the heat source is also steam provided by the steam boiler;
  • Step 5 in this step, the liquid is concentrated, and the operation is accomplished in two ways: either by water evaporation (Step 5A) or by ultra filtration/reverse osmosis (Step 5B).
  • the heat source in Step 5A is steam provided by the steam boiler; Step 5B operational costs are lower since no steam is used, however the investment is a higher cost;
  • Step 5A Liquid Concentration through Evaporation: the high moisture liquid is sent through a series of evaporators (3) where moisture is evaporated, resulting in a concentrated liquid with an approximately around 50% moisture level.
  • the series of evaporators can be designed for double, triple, quadruple or quintuple effect, with the latter offering the best fuel economy.
  • Step 5B Liquid Concentration through Ultra filtration/Reverse Osmosis: in this step, the liquid is initially clarified, i.e., separated from the fibers in the mills, then sent to the centrifuges (4) in which the suspended solids are removed and passed directly to the mixer (5); the clarified liquid is then sent to a series of membrane ultra filtration filters (6) where the high molecular weight elements are separated and also sent to the mixer (5); the clarified and ultra filtered liquid is then passed through another series of membrane reverse osmosis filters (7) where low molecular weight elements are separated from the water and sent to the mixer (5);
  • Step 6 Forage Recomposing: the hydrolyzed and depressurized fibers from the hydrolyser (2) (Steps 3 and 4), and the concentrated liquid from the evaporators (3) (Step 5A) or from the mixer (5) (Step 5B), are sent to a mixing tank (8) so that re-integrated forage is obtained, again with 50% moisture content.
  • This forage can be sent for immediate consumption or can be dried for stocking (Step 7).
  • Step 7 Drying for Stocking: in this step, the forage is dried for later stocking; if the amount is small or medium, the Re-integrated forage is dried after Step 6 (Step 7A); if the production Is large, the independent drying of hydrolyzed fibers and concentrated liquid is undertaken before Step 6 (Step 7B); in this Step (7), the heat source is the exhaustion gases from the steam boiler chimney, which are utilized instead of being dispersed into the atmosphere; this creates substantial fuel economy for the whole process - approximately 1 (one) ton of steam or 100kg fuel for each ton of hydrolyzed and dehydrated product [compared to the equivalent 10 (ten) tons of steam for each ton of dehydrated and non-hydrolyzed product obtained through processes used in Europe]; - Step 7A - Drying of Re-integrated Forage: (for small and medium production - see also figure 2): in this step, the re-integrated forage (hydrolyzed fibers + concentrated liquid) proceeding from the mixer (8) (Ste
  • Step 8B Stocking for large productions: if the liquid and the fibers were dried independently (Step 7B), they can either be reconstituted in an appropriate tank (13) and then sent to the stocking silo (12) to remain ready for use, or be sent directly to the respective stocking silos (14 and 15) and reconstituted only at the time of consumption. In this new process, the final product to be consumed by the animals
  • the process is composed of the following steps, some of which are already described in figure 3: - Step 1 - Harvest: in this step, the forage (grass or any legume) is cut and taken to the mill where it is processed;
  • the first step is the separation of the fibers through extraction of the liquid
  • Step 4 Depressurization: during this step, and before the fibers have been discharged, the depressurization of the hydrolyzing vase occurs (2) so the cellulose does not disintegrate and the necessary physical conditions for the rumination to occur are also preserved;
  • Step 5 Liquid Concentration: this is where the liquid is concentrated, and the operation can be accomplished in two ways: either by water evaporation (Step 5A) or by ultra filtration/reverse osmosis (Step 5B);
  • Step 5A Liquid Concentration through Evaporation: the high moisture liquid is passed through a series of evaporators (3) where the water is evaporated, producing a concentrated liquid with moisture content of approximately 50%;
  • Step 5B Ultra filtration/Reverse osmosis: in this step, the liquid is initially clarified, i.e., separated from the fibers in the mills, taken to centrifuges (4) in which the suspended solids are removed and passed directly to the mixer (5); the clarified liquid is then sent to a series of membrane ultra filtration filters (6) where the high molecular weight elements are separated and also passed to the mixer (5); the clarified and ultra filtered liquid is then taken to another series of reverse osmosis membrane filters (7) in which low molecular weight elements are separated from water and sent to the mixer (5);
  • Step 7B Independent Drying of Hydrolyzed Fibers and Concentrated Liquid: the hydrolyzed fibers coming from Steps 3 and 4 are dried in an appropriate dryer, while the concentrated liquid from Steps 5A and 5B is separately dried in another dryer.
  • Step 9 Pelletization of Hydrolyzed Fibers: the properly dried hydrolyzed fibers (Step 7B) are pelletized (transformed into pellets) using conventional equipment; in this condition, the pelletized fibers can be sent for immediate consumption; - Step 10 - Pelletization of Concentrated Liquid: the properly dried concentrated liquid (Step 7B) is now pelletized (transformed into pellets) using conventional equipment; in this condition, the pelletized liquid can also be sent for immediate consumption; - Step 11 - Stocking of Pelletized Fibers: the dried and pelletized hydrolyzed fibers (Step 9) are sent to stocking silos where they are properly stocked for later consumption; and
  • Step 12 Stocking of Pelletized Liguid: the concentrated dried and pelletized liquid (Step 10) is sent to stocking silos where it is stocked for later consumption. Instead of obtaining a single final product, i.e., forage obtained by the reconstitution of the hydrolyzed fibers with the concentrated liquid, in this option, two final products are obtained, i.e., forage obtained only by pelletized hydrolyzed fibers and forage obtained only by pelletized concentrated liquid. Both products can be consumed independently from the other or mixed as form of reintegrating; in addition, these products can be consumed immediately after drying, or be properly stocked for later consumption.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de conservation et de transformation de fourrage destiné à l'alimentation animale, comprenant les étapes suivantes: récolte (étape 1), séparation des fibres par extraction liquide (étape 2), hydrolyse (étape 3), dépressurisation (étape 4), concentration du liquide par évaporation (étape 5A) ou par ultrafiltration/osmose inverse (étape 5B), reconstitution du fourrage (étape 6), séchage (étapes 7A et 7B), et stockage (étapes 8A et 8B). Un des modes de mise en oeuvre comprend, outre les étapes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 et 7B, les étapes suivantes dans l'ordre indiqué: agglomération des fibres hydrolysées (étape 9), agglomération du liquide concentré (étape 10), stockage des fibres agglomérées (étape 11) et stockage de liquide concentré aggloméré (étape 12). Le combustible provient d'une chaudière, et sert à produire la chaleur utilisée dans les étapes d'hydrolyse, de dépressurisation, et de concentration du liquide, et les gaz d'échappement de la chaudière sont utilisés pour produire la chaleur nécessitée dans l'étape de séchage.
PCT/BR2004/000215 2003-11-03 2004-10-29 Procede de conservation et de transformation de fourrage pour alimentation animale Ceased WO2005041681A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI0304811-0 2003-11-03
BR0304811-0A BR0304811C1 (pt) 2003-11-03 2003-11-03 Processo de conservação e tratamento de forragem para alimentação animal
BR020040000871 2004-10-07
BRPI0400871 2004-10-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005041681A2 true WO2005041681A2 (fr) 2005-05-12
WO2005041681A3 WO2005041681A3 (fr) 2005-09-22

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PCT/BR2004/000215 Ceased WO2005041681A2 (fr) 2003-11-03 2004-10-29 Procede de conservation et de transformation de fourrage pour alimentation animale

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202200012275A1 (it) * 2022-06-09 2023-12-09 Faresin Ind S P A Procedimento di taglio di un foraggio per l’alimentazione animale

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2033915A1 (en) * 1970-07-08 1972-01-27 Georg Westphal Ing. Kg, 6050 Offenbach Fodder prepn and preservation - by pulping separating liquid and solid fractions, evaporating water and combining the fractions
US4136207A (en) * 1977-01-24 1979-01-23 Stake Technology Ltd. Method of treating lignocellulose materials to produce ruminant feed

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202200012275A1 (it) * 2022-06-09 2023-12-09 Faresin Ind S P A Procedimento di taglio di un foraggio per l’alimentazione animale
EP4289283A1 (fr) 2022-06-09 2023-12-13 Faresin Industries S.p.A. Procédé de découpe d'un fourrage pour l'alimentation animale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005041681A3 (fr) 2005-09-22

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